專題02閱讀填空（第03期）-2023屆江蘇高考英語模擬試題分項匯編七選五【2023屆江蘇省南京市鎮江市高三上學期第一次八校聯考】TheSpotlightEffectHaveyoueverfeltasiftheentireworldwaswatchingwhileyoumadeamistake?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:it’slikelythatnooneevennoticed.____16____Wehavethisexperiencenotonlywhenwemakemistakesbutalsowhenweperformwell.Everytimewedosomethingthatisalittledifferentfromwhatweusuallydo,wemayassumethateveryonearounduswillnotice.Thespotlighteffectmighthappenwhenwemakeamistakeinagame,haveabadhairday,orgiveaterribleanswerinclass.____17____Inthesemoments,itfeelslikeeveryoneiswatching.Thespotlighteffectexistsbecauseweallgetusedtoseeingthingsthroughourowneyes.Everypersonisthemaincharacterinhisorherstory,andtheeventsofourlivesseemtohavegreatimportance.____18____Thespotlighteffectisaverycommonpartofthehumanexperience.However,insomecases,itcanleadtoextremesocialanxietyandnervousnessaroundotherpeople.Everyonesufferssomedegreeofsocialanxiety.Weallcareaboutwhatothersthink,andweallwanttobeliked.It’snormaltowonderaboutwhateffectwehaveonotherpeople.____19____Ifsomeoneissonervousthattheycan’tmakegooddecisions,thenit’stimetotakeactionandimprovethesituation.Learningaboutthespotlighteffectisimportantbecauseitcanhelpusreduceouranxiety.Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.____20____Ifyoufillyourmindwiththoughtsofyourfriendsandfamily,itwillhelpyoubelessself-conscious.A．However,thiscanbeaproblemwhentheanxietyistoomuchtohandle.B．That’swhyfewerpeoplenoticetheembarrassingcircumstancestheyencounter.C．Anothergoodexerciseistomakeanefforttonoticethepeoplearoundyou,ratherthanfocusingonyourself.D．Thespotlighteffectisatrickofthemindthatmakesusbelievethatpeoplenoticeusmoreoftenthantheyreallydo.E．Whatyoucandoatthismomentistoignorethem.F．Wearesobusyexaminingourselvesthatweactuallyobserveverylittleabouteveryonearoundus.G．Itcanalsoappearwhenwescoreabiggoal,asksomeoneonadate,ordoagooddeed.【答案】16．D

17．G

18．F

19．A

20．C【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了聚光燈效應的概念、成因和作用。16．由標題“TheSpotlightEffect(聚光燈效應)”，第一段“Haveyoueverfeltasiftheentireworldwaswatchingwhileyoumadeamistake?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:it’slikelythatnooneevennoticed.(當你犯錯誤時，你有沒有覺得整個世界都在注視著你？好吧，這里有一些好消息：很可能沒有人注意到)”和下文“Wehavethisexperiencenotonlywhenwemakemistakesbutalsowhenweperformwell.Everytimewedosomethingthatisalittledifferentfromwhatweusuallydo,wemayassumethateveryonearounduswillnotice.(我們不僅在犯錯時，而且在表現出色時都有這種經歷。每次我們做一些與平時稍有不同的事情時，我們都會認為周圍的人都會注意到)”可知，上下文講聚光燈效應出現的場合，當人們出錯時，人們總覺得會被周圍的許多人注意到，但事實真相是：很可能沒有人注意到你的行為，說明聚光燈效應只是一種心理作用，是人們自己認為會被注意到的一種現象，可得出D選項“聚光燈效應是一種大腦欺騙我們的手段，讓我們誤以為別人注意到我們的次數比實際情況更多。”切題，呼應最后一段“Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.(下次當你覺得每個人都盯著你看的時候，提醒自己這只是你的大腦在捉弄你)”。故選D項。17．G選項“當我們取得一個大的目標，約某人約會或做一件好事時，它也會出現。”承接上文“Thespotlighteffectmighthappenwhenwemakeamistakeinagame,haveabadhairday,orgiveaterribleanswerinclass.(聚光燈效應可能發生在我們在比賽中犯錯、頭發糟糕或在課堂上給出糟糕的答案時)”講聚光燈效應出現場合的具體事例。故選G項。18．由上文“Everypersonisthemaincharacterinhisorherstory,andtheeventsofourlivesseemtohavegreatimportance.(每個人都是他或她的故事中的主角，我們生活中的事件似乎很重要)”可知，人們很關注自己和自己身上發生的事情，該空與上文是因果關系，F選項“我們忙于審視自己，實際上很少觀察周圍的人。”承接上文講因為人們更多得關注自己，所以很少注意周圍的人。故選F項。19．A選項“然而，當焦慮太多而無法處理時，這可能是一個問題。”與上文“Everyonesufferssomedegreeofsocialanxiety.Weallcareaboutwhatothersthink,andweallwanttobeliked.It’snormaltowonderaboutwhateffectwehaveonotherpeople.(每個人都有一定程度的社交焦慮。我們都關心別人的想法，我們都想被人喜歡。想知道我們對其他人有什么影響是正常的)”講“擁有一定程度的社交焦慮是正常現象”形成轉折，引出焦慮太多會成問題的事實，銜接下文“Ifsomeoneissonervousthattheycan’tmakegooddecisions,thenit’stimetotakeactionandimprovethesituation.(如果有人過于緊張，無法做出正確的決定，那么是時候采取行動改善這種情況了)”講針對這種情況要采取措施的內容。故選A項。20．C選項“另一個好的練習是努力去注意你周圍的人，而不是專注于你自己。”承接上文“Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.(下次當你覺得每個人都盯著你看的時候，提醒自己這只是你的大腦在捉弄你)”講克服聚光燈效應的具體策略。故選C項。七選五【江蘇省蘇州市2022--2023學年高三上學期八校聯考指標調研】Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon._____16_____Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment.It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue._____17_____Somekidswithdrawfromfriendsandfamily.Othersrespondwithangryoutbursts.Someteensmayskipschoolorstopeatingorsleeping.Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious.Evendepressedteensmaynotrealizetheyhavethisproblem._____18_____MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019.However,astudybyresearchersatHarvardandYaleuniversitiesfoundthathalfofallteenswithdepressiondon'tgethelpuntiltheybecomeadults.Andonlyoneinthreewillhavebeendiagnosedbytheirdoctor._____19_____"Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme,"Deesays,themental-healthprofessionalinLincoln,Neb.Deesays,peersshouldalsoseekforsignsofdepression.Keepaneyeonyourfriends,sherecommends.Watchforsymptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness._____20_____Anyofthesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression.Overall,knowingwho—andhow—tohelpisessentialforsuccessfullytreatingdepressioninteens.A．Andtheshareofthoseaffectedishigh.B．Somemaystartabusingalcoholordrugs.C．Teensshouldbehonestwiththeiranswers.D．Theproblemisthatdepressioninteenscanbehardtospot.E．Thereisalinkbetweenmentalillnessandsuicideinteens.F．Butforsometeens,thoseemotionstakeamoreextremeturn.G．Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon.【答案】16．F

17．D

18．A

19．C

20．G【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章中介紹了青少年患抑郁癥的現象。青少年患抑郁癥的情況越來越嚴重。但是，問題在于發現抑郁癥很難，甚至連青少年本人都沒有意識到自己的問題。專家提出，家長、老師和青少年本人都要關注青少年抑郁的問題。16．上文“Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingsofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon.”（對于青少年來說，生活是充滿挑戰的。他們必須同時兼顧學業、家庭生活和朋友。悲傷、沮喪和易怒的情緒是很常見的。）以及下文“Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment”（他們的消極情緒不會來來去去。相反，這些強烈的感覺可能導致一種叫做抑郁癥的疾病，可能需要治療。）根據空前和空后內容可知，該空和上文應是轉折關系。后文中提到的抑郁癥是消極情緒極端化的體現。F選項：但對一些青少年來說，這些情緒發生了更極端的轉變。故選F。17．上文“It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue”（人們很容易認為抑郁的人只是感到悲傷或絕望。對很多青少年來說，這可能是真的。）下文“Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious”（老師、家長甚至是青少年的密友可能很難判斷這些行為是青少年的一部分，還是一些真正嚴重的跡象。）由此推知，抑郁很難發現。D選項hardtospot切題。故選D。18．下文“MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019”（2019年，超過300萬12歲至17歲的美國人經歷過抑郁癥。）該空引出下文，A選項“受影響的比例很高”符合語境。故選A。19．根據下文精神健康專家Dee說的話“Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme”（我只會根據患者告訴我的情況開展工作。）C選項“青少年應該對自己的問題做出誠實的回答”符合語境。故選C。20．根據空后的“thesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression(這些行為可能是抑郁癥的癥狀)”可知，該空應該指出抑郁癥的一些行為。G選項“Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon(甚至逃課也可能是有嚴重問題發生的信號)。該選項中的even是對前文“symptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness”的遞進。故選G。七選五【江蘇省泰州中學2022-2023學年高三上學期第一次月度檢測】TVscanberecycled,andwhiletheprocessmayinvolvesomelegwork,it’softenworththetroublecomparedwiththealternative.AnunwantedTVcanfeellikeanalbatross(沉的負擔)aroundyourneckespeciallyifit’sanoldone,whichtendstobeheavierandbulkierthannewerTVs.____16____IftheTVstillworks,thebestoptionmaybetosellordonateitratherthanskippingaheadtorecycling.Ifitdoesn’twork,though,orifyouhavedifficultyfindingsomeonewhowantsit,youstillhaveotherenvironmentallyresponsibleoptions.Likemanyelectronicdevices,TVscontainavarietyofmaterialssuchasplastic,heavymetals,andothertoxinsthatcanposeapollutionriskifnotdealtwithproperly.____17____EvenifyoufacenolegalconsequencesfortossingaTVintothetrash,however,therearealsopracticalandethicalreasonswhyrecyclingisabetterdecision.____18____Itisagoodideatocheckifyourlocalrecyclingorwaste-managementauthorityacceptse-wasteinsomeform,likespecialpickupdaysordrop-offevents;justdon’texpectittobequiteaseasyasputtingoutyourweeklypaperandplasticrecycling.Whilesomeelectronicdeviceslikecellphonesarecommonlyfreetorecycle,bereadytopayafeeforTVrecycling.Thatmightseemunfair:You’regivingawayaTVfullofusefulmaterialstoberecycledandreused,sowhyshouldyouhavetopayanything?____19________20____IftheTVespeciallylargeorheavy,consideraskingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit.A．TVscontainbothpotentiallyharmfulandpotentiallyvaluablematerials.B．RecyclingofTVsandothere-wasteisrequiredbylawin25U.S.states.C．TVsmayberecyclable,butthatdoesn’tmeantheycangodirectlyintoyourrecyclingbin.D．RecyclingaTVoftenmeansphysicallytransportingitsomewhere,whichistiringandneedscooperation.E．CombinedwiththebulkysizeandheavyweightofmanyTVs,thisaddsexpensetotherecyclingprocess.F．YetthereareafewwaystodisposeofaTV,dependinglargelyontheTV’sconditionandyourlocation.G．WhenTVsfirstarriveatarecyclingcenter,they’reoftencheckedtoseeiftheycanberepairedandreused.【答案】16．F

17．B

18．C

19．E

20．D【導語】這是一篇應用文。本篇文章介紹了電視回收利用時應該注意的事項。16．根據“IftheTVstillworks,thebestoptionmaybetosellordonateitratherthanskippingaheadtorecycling.Ifitdoesn’twork,though,orifyouhavedifficultyfindingsomeonewhowantsit,youstillhaveotherenvironmentallyresponsibleoptions.(如果電視還能用，最好的選擇可能是賣掉或捐獻，而不是跳到回收利用。然而，如果它不起作用，或者你很難找到想要它的人，你仍然有其他對環境負責的選擇)”可知，在對電視回收利用之前，需要根據電視的情況以及你的所處環境來進行判斷。F項“然而，有幾種處理電視的方法，主要取決于電視的狀況和您的位置”符合語境。F項中“dependinglargelyontheTV’sconditionandyourlocation”和后面的語境項呼應。故選F。17．根據“EvenifyoufacenolegalconsequencesfortossingaTVintothetrash,however,therearealsopracticalandethicalreasonswhyrecyclingisabetterdecision.(然而，即使你把電視扔進垃圾桶沒有法律后果，回收利用是一個更好的決定也有現實和道德的原因)”可知，空中應該提到有法律規定要對電視進行回收利用。B項“美國25個州的法律要求回收電視和其他電子垃圾”，B項中的“bylaw”和后面的“nolegal”相呼應。故選B。18．根據“Itisagoodideatocheckifyourlocalrecyclingorwaste-managementauthorityacceptse-wasteinsomeform,likespecialpickupdaysordrop-offevents;(最好檢查一下您當地的回收或廢物管理機構是否以某種形式接受電子廢物，如特殊的提貨日或卸貨活動)”可知，本段主要提到在對電視進行回收利用前要檢查好是否電視能夠直接進入回收站。C項“電視可能是可回收的，但這并不意味著它們可以直接進入回收站”符合語境。故選C。19．根據“Whilesomeelectronicdeviceslikecellphonesarecommonlyfreetorecycle,bereadytopayafeeforTVrecycling.(雖然手機等一些電子設備通常是免費回收的，但要準備好為電視回收支付費用)”可知，本段主要說明有時電視回收是需要付一定的費用的，所以空處需要說明付費的原因。E項“因為許多電視機體積大、重量重，這增加了回收過程的費用”符合語境。而且E項中的“expense”和前文中的“payafee”相呼應。故選E。20．根據“IftheTVespeciallylargeorheavy,consideraskingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit.(如果電視機特別大或很重，考慮請人幫你搬)”可知，本段主要提醒電視在回收的過程中需要人力運送，因為很累所以需要合作。D項“回收電視機通常意味著將其實際運送到某處，這很累，需要合作”符合語境。而且D項中的“needscooperation”和下文中的“askingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit”相呼應。故選D。七選五【江蘇高郵市2022-2023學年高三上學期十月聯考】Trappingusedtobeawaytomakeagoodliving.Thathascertainlychangedoverthepastseveralyears.Thedemandforfursisnearlygone.Environmentaliststhinktrappingiswrong.____36____Martinstartedtrappingwhenhewasnine.Hemakesaprettygoodlivingbytrappinganimalslikerabbits,foxes,etc.Hetrapsenoughanimalstomakeupforlowfurprices.“____37____Icanmakeupforlowfurpricesbybringinginmorethantheaveragetrapper,”hesaid.FarmersalsohireMartintotrapannoyinganimals.Hereceivestwodollarsforeachgopherhetraps.TheDepartmentofNaturalResourceshasalsocontractedwithMartin.Abouttwelvetimesayear,hetrapsbeaversthathavedestroyedprivateland.____38____Forexample,hishomeisfilledwithanimalskins.It’salsonoteasy.forhimtotakeadayoff.Statelawrequiresthattrapsbecheckedeveryday.“Itcanbeveryhardwork,”Martinsaid.____39____“Then,Ispendtherestoftheeveningskinninganimalsandpreparingforthenextday.Ireallydon’tgetadayoffduringtrappingseason.”Asafull-timetrapper,Martinworriesabouttheviewspeoplehaveofhisprofession.Hethinksthatmostanti-trappinggroupsdon’tunderstandthattrappinganimalshelpsinthelongrun.“____40____Theydon’tunderstandtheanimals’environment,”hesaid.“ThereareareaswhereIcan’ttrapright.now.Mostoftheanimalsinthoseareasaresickwithdiseasebecauseofthelackoffoodandoverpopulation.I’dliketoshowanyonewhoisagainsttrappingsomeoftheterriblethingsI’veseen.”A．Mostofthesepeopledon’tknowhowanimalslive.B．Rabbitsaren’tthetrapper’smostvaluablecreatures.C．Trappingfulltimedoeshaveitsdrawbacks,though.D．Forme,quantityismuchmoreimportantthanquality.E．Besides,trappingbringshimandhisfamilyotherbenefits.F．Mydayusuallystartsbeforethesunrises,anditlastsuntilafterdark.G．However,for24-year-oldJohnnyMartin,trappingremains’awayoflife.【答案】36．G

37．D

38．C

39．F

40．A【導語】本文是記敘文。24歲的Martin以誘捕為生，他認為有些動物過量會對環境有害，他很喜歡他的生活方式。36．根據上文“Trappingusedtobeawaytomakeagoodliving.Thathascertainlychangedoverthepastseveralyears.Thedemandforfursisnearlygone.Environmentaliststhinktrappingiswrong.(誘捕曾經是謀生的好方法。這種情況在過去幾年里已經發生了變化。對皮草的需求幾乎消失了。環保主義者認為誘捕是錯誤的)”可知，設空處在此起承上啟下的作用，與上文存在語義上的轉折，同時又引出下文Martin的故事。G項中的However是解題關鍵詞，且其中的trappingremainsawayoflife和上文中的trappingiswrong語義相反，G項中的JohnnyMartin又引出本文的主人公。故G選項“然而，對于24歲的JohnnyMartin來說，捕獸仍然是‘一種生活方式’”符合語境，故選G。37．根據上文中“Hetrapsenoughanimalstomakeupforlowfurprices.(他捕捉了足夠多的動物，以彌補毛皮價格低廉的損失)”和下文Martin所說的“Icanmakeupforlowfurpricesbybringinginmorethantheaveragetrapper(我可以賺到比一般捕獸人更多的獵物來彌補毛皮價格低的不足)”可知，Martin認為數量甚至比質量更重要，故選D項。故D選項“對我來說，數量比質量重要得多”符合語境，故選D。38．根據下文中“hishomeisfilledwithanimalskins.(他的家里到處都是動物皮)”和“It’salsonoteasyforhimtotakeadayoff.(對他來說，休息一天也不容易)”可知，此處是指Martin全職獵捕也有缺點，故C項符合語境。此句為本段主題句。故C選項“不過，全職工作也有缺點”符合語境，故選C。39．根據上文中的“It’salsonoteasyforhimtotakeadayoff.(對他來說，休息一天也不容易)”和下文Martin所說的“Then,Ispendtherestoftheeveningskinninganimalsandpreparingforthenextday(然后，我把晚上剩下的時間用來給動物剝皮，為第二天做準備)”可知，這里描述Martin從早到晚的忙碌狀態，故F選項“我的一天通常在太陽升起之前開始，一直持續到天黑之后”符合語境，故選F。40．根據上文中“Hethinksthatmostanti-trappinggroupsdon’tunderstandthattrappinganimalshelpsinthelongrun.(他認為大多數反誘捕組織不明白誘捕動物從長遠來看是有幫助的)”和下文Martin所說的“Theydon’tunderstandtheanimals’environment(他們不了解動物的生存環境)”可知，A項Mostofthesepeopledon’tknowhowanimalslive符合語境，其中的understand和know是同義詞復現，且下文中的They就指Mostofthesepeople。故A選項“大多數人不知道動物是如何生活的”符合語境，故選A。七選五【2023·江蘇省南京市六校10月學情調研】Formanyyears,publicschoolstaughtonlyEuro-Americanculturalvaluesandneutralizedorignoredotherculturalheritages.Textbooksminimizedproblemsamonggroupsandtaughtasanitizedversionofhistory.ItwasassumedthateveryoneintheAmericanmeltingpotwouldeventuallyloseorabandonthoseethniccharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemfrommainstreamAmericans.____16____Currenttextbooksabsorbavarietyofethnicindividualswhohaveachievedsuccess.Strugglesforequalityarevividlydepicted,andpastracismisfranklyacknowledged.Culturalpluralism(多元性)isnowgenerallyrecognizedastheorganizingprincipleofeducation,andchildreninAmericanschoolslearnthatvarietyandculturaldiversityareassets(資產).____17____ElementaryschoolstudentslearnnotonlyaboutthetraditionalThanksgivingcelebrationintheUnitedStates,butalsoaboutotherharvestholidaysaroundtheworld.TheylearnthatAfricantribalfarmersobserveharvestfestivalstothanktheirancestorsforkeepingthemwellandsendingrain.Themoon’sbirthdayisthestartoftheChineseharvestfestivalcalledChungCh’ui,inwhichtheChinesegivethanksandrememberavictoryoveraninvadingarmy.InIndia,HinduwomenhonorGauri,thegoddessoftheharvestandtheprotectorofwomen.____18____KoreansofferprayersforgoodharvestsonTanoDay,andinSwitzerlandandSweden,childrencarrylanternsmadefromvegetablestocelebratetheirharvestholiday.MiddleSchoolandhighschoolsincludeliteraturefromaroundtheworldofferingalternativeperspectivesonsocialproblemsandsignificanthistoricalevents.Ethnicstudiesdepartmentscanbefoundinhighschoolsandcolleges.____19____Thereissomeevidencethatattemptsatmulticulturaleducationareworking.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,graduationratesareup.Theshareofhighschoolstudentstakingacoreofacademicsubjectsincreasedfrom13percentto47percentinthepastdecade.Thegapbetweenwhites’andminorities’testscoreshasnarrowed.Theseaccomplishmentsmaywellbeattributedtoeducatorswhodailyconfrontdiversityintheirclassroomsandhaveidentifiedthecentralissuesineducatingaculturallydiversepopulation.____20____A．Herearesomeapproachestomulticulturaleducation.B．Thoseissuesdealwithlearningstyledifference,languagediversity,andgender.C．InAfrica,duetoextremelyhotweather,Africanssufferalot.D．Concreteexamplesofteachingdiversitycanbefoundateverygradelevel.E．Today,however,schoolsroutinelyteachtheexperienceandvaluesofmanyethniccultures.F．InJapan,thanksgivingisanationalholidayandatimetogivethanksforblessings.G．Manyschoolsfurtherrequirethatstudentstakecoursesinculturaldiversity.【答案】16．E

17．G

18．F

19．D

20．B【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了在美國，已經逐漸開始要求學生學習本國之外的其他世界上的國家的節日文化和習俗，并在學生每個階段都有提供教育資源。16．上文“ItwasassumedthateveryoneintheAmericanmeltingpotwouldeventuallyloseorabandonthoseethniccharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemfrommainstreamAmericans.(人們認為，在美國這個大熔爐里的每個人最終都會失去或放棄那些使他們區別于主流美國人的種族特征)”提到人們普遍認為，在美國，每個人最終都會失去或放棄那些使他們區別于主流美國人的種族特征；下文“Currenttextbooksabsorbavarietyofethnicindividualswhohaveachievedsuccess(目前的教科書吸收了各種各樣取得成功的少數民族人士)”提到教科書其實是吸收了各種各樣取得成功的少數民族人士，即教科書上面有區別于主流美國人的種族特征的內容，推知空處應該是出現了轉折，導致下文敘述了與上文所預料的不一樣的內容；選項E“Today,however,schoolsroutinelyteachtheexperienceandvaluesofmanyethniccultures(然而今天，學校日常教授許多種族文化的經驗和價值觀)”正是出現了轉折，引出了下文所敘述的與上文所預料的不一樣的內容，即并不是如人們想的那樣每個人最終都會失去或放棄那些使他們區別于主流美國人的種族特征，教科書其實是含有其他非主流的種族的內容的；故選項E符合語境；故選E項。17．下文“ElementaryschoolstudentslearnnotonlyaboutthetraditionalThanksgivingcelebrationintheUnitedStates,butalsoaboutotherharvestholidaysaroundtheworld.(小學生不僅要學習美國傳統的感恩節慶祝活動，還要學習世界各地的其他豐收節日)”講述小學要求學生學習美國之外的其他國家的節日習俗；選項G“Manyschoolsfurtherrequirethatstudentstakecoursesinculturaldiversity.(許多學校進一步要求學生學習文化多樣性課程)”提到了許多學校要求學生學習文化多樣性課程，這與下文所述內容主旨一致，都在講述美國要求學生學習本國之外的文化，本句是本段的主旨句，下文是對主旨句中所述內容的具體闡述；故選項G符合語境；故選G項。18．根據上文“TheylearnthatAfricantribalfarmersobserveharvestfestivalstothanktheirancestorsforkeepingthemwellandsendingrain.Themoon’sbirthdayisthestartoftheChineseharvestfestivalcalledChungCh’ui,inwhichtheChinesegivethanksandrememberavictoryoveraninvadingarmy.InIndia,HinduwomenhonorGauri,thegoddessoftheharvestandtheprotectorofwomen.”(他們了解到，非洲部落的農民慶祝豐收節是為了感謝他們的祖先讓他們保持健康并送雨。中秋節是中國豐收節“ChungCh’ui,”的開始，在這個節日里，中國人表示感謝，并紀念一場戰勝入侵軍隊的勝利。在印度，印度教婦膜拜Gauri，Gauri是豐收女神和婦女的保護者)”可知上文都是在敘述世界各地不同國家的節日和習俗；選項F“InJapan,thanksgivingisanationalholidayandatimetogivethanksforblessings(在日本，感恩節是一個全國性的節日，也是感謝上帝賜福的日子)”也是在講述世界其他國家的節日習俗，與上文構成排比，故選項F符合語境；故選F項。19．上文“MiddleSchoolandhighschoolsincludeliteraturefromaroundtheworldofferingalternativeperspectivesonsocialproblemsandsignificanthistoricalevents.Ethnicstudiesdepartmentscanbefoundinhighschoolsandcolleges.(中學和高中包括來自世界各地的文學作品，提供關于社會問題和重大歷史事件的不同觀點。民族研究部門可以在高中和大學找到)”講述了在中學、高中、大學都可以找到關于世界各地文化的教育資源；選項D“Concreteexamplesofteachingdiversitycanbefoundateverygradelevel.(在每個階段都可以找到教學多樣性的具體例子)”是對上文的總結，說明了在學生的每個階段都有教育多樣性的內容；故選項D符合題意；故選D項。20．上文“Theseaccomplishmentsmaywellbeattributedtoeducatorswhodailyconfrontdiversityintheirclassroomsandhaveidentifiedthecentralissuesineducatingaculturallydiversepopulation.(這些成就很可能要歸功于那些每天都在課堂上面對多樣性的教育工作者，他們已經確定了教育文化多樣性人群的核心問題)”提到了教育文化多樣性的核心問題；選項B“Thoseissuesdealwithlearningstyledifference,languagediversity,andgender.(這些問題涉及學習風格差異、語言多樣性和性別)”承接了上文所述內容，具體闡明了這些核心問題所涉及的方面；故選項B符合語境；故選B項。七選五【江蘇省三名校（姜堰中學、沭陽中學、如東中學）2022-2023學年高三上學期10月聯考】Whichismoreeffective,groupstudyingorstudyingalone?We’veallexperiencedgettingtogetherwithclassmatestostudyforanupcomingexamandspendingtheentiretimetalkingorjokingaround.Youleavethegroupwithoutaccomplishinganythingtogetyoureadyforyourexam.____36____.Thefollowingaresomebenefitsofstudyingalone.____37____Whenyoulockyourselfawayinyourroom,theretendtobelessdistractionsthanwhenyouarestudyinginagroup.Nobodyismovingaroundortalkingnearyou.Thereareliterallynodistractions,unlessyou’retheonewhofeelstheneedtocleaneverythingwhenyoustudy.PersonalstudyenvironmentEveryoneisdifferent,whichmeanseveryonelearnsdifferently.Youmayrequireclassicalmusic,acomfortableroom,andacupofteawhileyoustudy.Someoneelsemayrequirecompletesilence,andnosnacksatall.____38____Studyingalonealsoallowsyoutousethestudystrategiesthatarethemosteffectiveforyourlearningstyle.Somestudentslearnbestwithflashcards,whileotherslearnbestwhentheyrereadchapters.____39____PersonalizelearningcontentTheremaybesometopicsinclassthatyoureallyneedtoworkon.____40____.Besides,youcantailorlearningmethodsbystudyingalonewhilegroupstudyingcan’t.Morecrucially,youcanconsolidatethetopicsthataredifficulttoyouoverandover.A．Youcanlearnwhateveryoulike.B．Minimumdistractions.C．Thatiswhatyoucan’tachieveingroupstudying.D．Findyourlearningstyle,andyoucangetbetterresults.E．Onlywhenyoustudyalone,you’reabletofocusonexactlythosetopics.F．Soifyouaretheonewhocanbesodistracted,it’sstronglyrecommendedthatyoushouldstudyalone.G．Studyingaloneallowsyoutosettheperfectstudyenvironmentsoyougetthemostoutofstudying.【答案】36．F

37．B

38．G

39．D

40．E【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了獨自學習的好處。36．根據上文“We’veallexperiencedgettingtogetherwithclassmatestostudyforanupcomingexamandspendingtheentiretimetalkingorjokingaround.Youleavethegroupwithoutaccomplishinganythingtogetyoureadyforyourexam.(我們都有過這樣的經歷:和同學一起為即將到來的考試學習，整個時間都在聊天或開玩笑。你沒有完成任何準備考試的事情就離開了小組。)”和下文“Thefollowingaresomebenefitsofstudyingalone.(以下是一些獨自學習的好處。)”可知，上文提到小組學習效率低，下文建議獨自學習，空處與上文形成因果關系，并引起下文。F項：Soifyouaretheonewhocanbesodistracted,it’sstronglyrecommendedthatyoushouldstudyalone.(所以，如果你是一個容易分心的人，強烈建議你應該獨自學習。)符合語境。故選F。37．空處為段落小標題。根據下文“Whenyoulockyourselfawayinyourroom,theretendtobelessdistractionsthanwhenyouarestudyinginagroup.Nobodyismovingaroundortalkingnearyou.(當你把自己鎖在房間里的時候，往往會比你在一個小組里學習的時候更少分心。沒有人在你附近走動或說話。)”可知，本段主要說明把干擾因素降到最低，“lessdistractions”與B項對應。B項：Minimumdistractions.(最低干擾。)符合語境。故選B。38．根據下文“Studyingalonealsoallowsyoutousethestudystrategiesthatarethemosteffectiveforyourlearningstyle.(獨自學習還可以讓你使用最有效的學習方式的學習策略。)”中的“also”可知，空處講的是獨自學習的好處。G項：Studyingaloneallowsyoutosettheperfectstudyenvironmentsoyougetthemostoutofstudying.(獨自學習可以給你一個完美的學習環境，這樣你就能從學習中得到最大的收獲。)符合語境。故選G。39．根據上文“Somestudentslearnbestwithflashcards,whileotherslearnbestwhentheyrereadchapters.(一些學生用抽認卡學習效果最好，而另一些學生通過重讀章節學習效果最好。)”可知，空處總結說明要找到適合自己的學習風格。D項：Findyourlearningstyle,andyoucangetbetterresults.(找到自己的學習風格，你就能取得更好的成績。)故選D。40．根據上文“Theremaybesometopicsinclassthatyoureallyneedtoworkon.(課堂上可能會有一些主題是你真正需要鉆研的。)”可知，空處承接上文，說明獨自學習時才能專注于那些主題，E項中“thosetopics”和上文中“sometopics”對應。E項：Onlywhenyoustudyalone,you’reabletofocusonexactlythosetopics.(只有當你獨自學習時，你才能夠專注于那些主題。)符合語境。故選E。七選五【江蘇省南京師范大學附屬中學2022-2023學年高三上學期第一次月考】HowtoMakeaClassroomManagementPlanStudentsneedtofeelcomfortableandsafeinordertolearneffectively.Asaneducator,youneedtomanageyourclassroominsuchawaythatyoucreatethissortofenvironment.Aclassroommanagementplanisastrategyyoucreateandcarryout.____16____Itcanhelpyoudealwithnegativebehaviorsaswell.____17____Manyclassroommanagementplansbeginwiththeteacher’sphilosophyofmotivation.Basically,itlaysoutwhatyoubelieveabouteducationandhowstudentsshouldlearn.Youcantalkabouttheenvironmentyouwanttocreateandhowyouplantocreatethatenvironment,bothphysicallyandemotionally.Setthetoneonthefirstdayofclass.

Startbuildingrelationshipswithyourstudentsbybeingfriendlyandgettingtoknoweachother.____18____Sotheyknowinadvancehowyouexpectthemtobehave.____19____

Getyourstudents’parentsonboardbylayingoutyourbasicrules.Youcanalsotellthemaboutthesystemsofrewardsandconsequences.Thatway,parentsknowwhattoexpectthroughouttheyear.Settheexample.

____20____Forinstance,showyouarerespectfulofeachstudent’sideas.Itwillletthemknowtheycantrustyou.Beconsistent.

Probablythemostimportantpartofanyclassroommanagementplanisbeingconsistentwithhowyoucarryitout.Thatmeansenforcing（執行）rulesevenwhenyoudon’twantto,askidswillcometounderstandthatyoumeanwhatyousayintheclassroom.A．Determineyourphilosophy.B．Understandeachchild’smotivation.C．Createaformletterforconsequences.D．Writealetterabouttheplantosendhome.E．Sharetherules,rewards,andconsequences.F．Itisimportantthatyoufollowtheclassroomrules,too.G．Itcanhelpyougetandmaintaincontroloftheclassroom.【答案】16．G

17．A

18．E

19．D

20．F【分析】本文是說明文。文章關于如何制定課堂管理計劃提出幾條建議。16．空前一句提到“Aclassroommanagementplanisastrategyyoucreateandcarryout.(課堂管理計劃是你制定并實施的策略。)”；空后一句提到“Itcanhelpyoudealwithnegativebehaviorsaswell.（它也可以幫助你應對消極行為。）”；G項“Itcanhelpyougetandmaintaincontroloftheclassroom.（它可以幫助你保持對教室的控制。），其中“it”指代空前一句中的“aclassroommanagementplan”；“Itcanhelpyou…”與空后一句中“Itcanhelpy