UNIT5SectionⅠ一、語言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Canyouthinkofarhyme(押韻詞)for“beauty”？2．Ithinkshediditmoreinsorrow(哀痛)thaninanger.3．Desmonddidnotbelievethediamond(鉆石)wasreal.4．Sheissingingafolk(民俗的)songthatIneverheardbefore.5．Hecanrecite(列舉)thenamesofallthecapitalcitiesofEurope.6．Jerryisanamateur(業(yè)余愛好者)whodancesbecausehefeelslikeit.7．Heisclearlyinagoodmood(心情)today.8．Theformat(總體支配)ofthenewquizshowhasprovedpopular.9．HeandIareeachgoingtovisitourrespective(各自的)teachers.10．Althoughthecorallookshard,itisverydelicate(脆弱的)．Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Hecanrecitethatpoemfrommemory.2．Hewasinnomoodforbeingpolitetovisitors.3．Thenaughtyboysplayedatrickontheneighborswhohadn'tgiventhemanysweetsonHalloween.4．Wemanagedtomakeoutwhathappenedinthemuseumthatday.5．Theinvestigategroupconsistedoftenexperts.6．Compared(compare)withtheotherstudents,Henryhashisadvantages.7．Alotofpeoplelookedonhimasahealer.8．Themountainischallengingtoclimb(climb)．9．Byplayingwiththewordsinnurseryrhymes,childrenlearnaboutlanguage.10．Thereasonisthatyoungpeoplehavepeerpressure.Ⅲ.選詞填空bepopularwith,tothepoint,makesense,bemadeupof,inparticular,betransformedinto,comparedwith1．Thegovernmentismadeupofmenandwomenelectedbythepeopleofthecountry.2．ComparedwithSusan'sEnglish,yoursisbetter,soyoushouldbeconfidentaboutyourself.3．Peoplelikehiswritingbecauseitiselegant,ordered,finished,andtothepoint.4．Whatyouhavejustsaiddoesn'tmakesense.5．Mattercanbetransformedintoconsciousnessandconsciousnessintomatter.6．Tangpoemshavebeentranslatedintoforeignlanguagesandtheyarepopularwithforeignreaders.7．Mysisterlovesthesonginparticular,becausemymotherusedtosingittoher.二、培優(yōu)提升訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·湖北省十一校高三聯(lián)考)Besides“wow”and“great”，whatelsewouldyousaywhenflyingovertheEarthinspace?SamanthaCristoforetti,thefirstItalianfemaleastronautinspace,postedseverallinesofafamousancientChinesecompositiononTwittertoshareherjoy.ShefirstwroteinChinese,andthenattachedanaccuratetranslationofthelinesinbothItalianandEnglishtohelpmorepeopleunderstand.“Lookingup,Iseetheimmensityofthecosmos;bowingmyhead,Ilookatthemultitudeoftheworld.Thegazeflies,theheartexpands,thejoyofthesensescanreachitspeak,andindeed,thisistruehappiness，”itsays.TwodaysbeforeshelandedonEarth,thebeautyofspaceandChineseliteratureresonatedonherTwitteraccount.Beforelong,herpostswentviralonTwitterwiththousandsofretweets,likesandreplies.ThetextshequotedisfromthePrefacetoPoemsComposedattheOrchidPavilion，aChinesecalligraphymasterpiecebyWangXizhi(303—361)oftheEasternJinDynasty(317—420)．ShealsoattachedthreephotostakeninspaceofChina'sBohaiBayandtheday-nightviewofBeijing.“Thepoemandviewsarebothmagnificentaswellashealing.Ifeveryonecouldenjoythesamesight,alotofpainintheworldwouldbe‘dissipated’，”oneusercomments.AsthefirstItalianfemaleastronautinspace,CristoforetticarriedoutherfirstspacemissiononNov23,2014.In2024,shestartedthesecondmissioninAprilandreturnedtoEarthonFridaynightaftera127-daystayinorbit.CristoforettihasalsobeenactiveinSino-Europeancooperationinthefieldofmannedspaceflight.ShewasaworkinggroupmemberwithChinesecounterpartstodefineandimplementcooperationinthefieldofastronautoperations.Whennottravelingforwork,sheisaneagerreaderandhasagreatpassionforlanguages.SpeakingclearChinese,CristoforettioncetoldthemediathattheteamsfromChinaandEuropewereworkingverywelltogetherinthefieldofastronauttraining.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講解并描述了一位意大利女性宇航員將中國一首詩歌放在網(wǎng)上，得到眾多網(wǎng)友的寵愛和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。1．WhatistheresultofCristoforetti'spostonline?CA．Thebirthofamasterpiece.B．Atrendofjourneytospace.C．AninstanthotissueonTwitter.D．Differenttranslationsofthelines.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的最終一句“(在她登陸地球的前兩天，太空之美和中國文學(xué)在她的推特賬戶上引起了共鳴。不久，她的帖子就在推特上瘋傳，被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)、點贊和回復(fù)了數(shù)千次。)”可知，Cristoforetti在推特上的帖子馬上成為熱門話題。故選C。2．Whichwordbelowcanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedword“dissipated”inParagraph3?AA．Relieved. B．Caused.C．Increased. D．Recognized.解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞上文“Thepoemandviewsarebothmagnificentaswellashealing.(這首詩和風(fēng)景既壯美又治愈。)”可知，這首詩和風(fēng)景很治愈，所以假如每個人都能觀賞到同樣的景象，那么世界上的很多苦痛就會“緩解”。由此可知，畫線詞dissipated與relieved“緩解，治愈”意思接近。故選A。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?DA．Cristoforetti'sdevotiontohercareer.B．Cristoforetti'slanguagelearningstrategies.C．TheleadershipCristoforettiplaysinherteam.D．ThepossiblemotivationforCristoforetti'spost.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的最終兩句“(在不出差的時候，她熱衷于閱讀，對語言有著極大的熱忱。克里斯托弗雷蒂曾用一口流利的中文告知媒體，中國和歐洲的團隊在宇航員訓(xùn)練領(lǐng)域合作得特別好。)”可知，克里斯托弗雷蒂和中國的宇航員合作得很好，而且是一個熱衷閱讀的語言愛好者。由此推知，這或許就是她發(fā)這個帖子的初衷。故選D。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?AA．Afemaleastronautbecomesonlinestar.B．AChinesepoemgetspopularabroad.C．Literatureconveysthebeautyofspace.D．AnItalianastronautpromotesSino-Europeancooperation.解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容及下文陳述可知，文章主要講解并描述了一位意大利女性宇航員將中國一首詩歌放在網(wǎng)上，得到眾多網(wǎng)友的寵愛和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。由此可知，A選項(一名女宇航員變成網(wǎng)絡(luò)明星。)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Writingpoetrycanseemfrightening,especiallyifyoudonotfeelyouarenaturallycreative.Butwiththerightinspirationandapproach,youcanalsowriteapoemthatyoucanbeproudtosharewithothersinclassorwithyourfriends.◆Pickaspecificthemeoridea.Youcanstartyourpoembyfocusingonaspecificthemeorideathatyoufindfascinating.1.BForexample,youmaydecidetowriteapoemaroundthethemeof“l(fā)oveandfriendship”．◆Chooseapoeticform.Getyourcreativejuicesflowingbypickingaformforyourpoem.Therearemanydifferentpoeticformsthatyoucanuse,fromfreeversetosonnettorhymingcouplet(押韻的對句)．2.CChooseonepoeticformandsticktothatstructuresoyourpoemfeelscohesivetoyourreader.◆Useconcreteimagery.3.FYoushouldalwaystrytodescribesomethingusingthefivesenses:smell,taste,touch,sight,andsound.Usingconcreteimagerywillimmerseyourreaderintheworldofyourpoemandmakeimagescomealiveforthem.◆Includeliterarydevices.Literarydeviceslikemetaphorandsimileaddvarietyanddepthtoyourpoetry.4.DTrytouseliterarydevicesthroughoutyourpoem,varyingthemsoyoudonotuseonlymetaphorsoronlysimilesinyourwriting.◆Readthepoemoutloud.Onceyouhavecompletedadraftofthepoem,youshouldreaditaloudtoyourself.5.APayattentiontohoweachlineofyourpoemflowsintothenext.Keepapenclosebysoyoucanmarkanylinesorwordsthatsoundawkwardorjumbled.A．Noticehowthewordssoundonthepage.B．Thiscangiveyourpoemacleargoalorobjective.C．Youmaygoforapoeticformthatyoufindeasytouse.D．Usingthesedevicescanmakeyourpoemstandouttoyourreaders.E．Choosepoemswritteninthesamepoeticformyouareinterestedin.F．Avoidabstractimageryandgoforconcretedescriptionsinyourpoem.G．Youcanalsoshareyourpoemwithotherpoetstogetfeedbackfromthem.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了寫詩的幾點方法。解析：1．依據(jù)上文“Pickaspecificthemeoridea.Youcanstartyourpoembyfocusingonaspecificthemeorideathatyoufindfascinating.”及后文“Forexample,youmaydecidetowriteapoemaroundthethemeof‘loveandfriendship’．”可知，后文的例子表明給詩歌選定主題是為了明確目標(biāo)。故B選項“這可以給你的詩一個明確的目標(biāo)。”符合語境。故選B。2．依據(jù)后文“Chooseonepoeticformandsticktothatstructuresoyourpoemfeelscohesivetoyourreader.”可知，本句是在對詩歌形式的選擇進行建議，C選項中apoeticform對應(yīng)后文中onepoeticform。故C選項“你可能會選擇一種你覺得簡單運用的詩歌形式。”符合語境。故選C。3．依據(jù)后文“Youshouldalwaystrytodescribesomethingusingthefivesenses:smell,taste,touch,sight,andsound.Usingconcreteimagerywillimmerseyourreaderintheworldofyourpoemandmakeimagescomealiveforthem.”可知，本段的主旨是詩歌的描述要詳細(xì)，F(xiàn)選項中concretedescriptions對應(yīng)后文中concreteimagery。故F選項“在你的詩中，避開抽象的意象，而要追求詳細(xì)的描述。”符合語境。故選F。4．依據(jù)上文“Includeliterarydevices.Literarydeviceslikemetaphorandsimileaddvarietyanddepthtoyourpoetry.”可知，本句承接上文說明文學(xué)技巧的作用，D選項中thesedevices對應(yīng)上文literarydevices。故D選項“運用這些技巧可以讓你的詩在讀者中脫穎而出。”符合語境。故選D。5．依據(jù)后文“Payattentiontohoweachlineofyourpoemflowsintothenext.Keepapenclosebysoyoucanmarkanylinesorwordsthatsoundawkwardorjumbled.”可知，后文提到標(biāo)記聽起來別扭的地方，即留意單詞的發(fā)音，A選項中sound對應(yīng)后文中sound。故A選項“留意單詞在頁面上的發(fā)音。”符合語境。故選A。Ⅲ.語法填空依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2024·湖南師大附中高三月考)ChengduDuFuThatchedCottage，1.located(locate)bytheBlossomBathingBrookofChengduCity,istheformerresidenceofDuFu,agreatpoetofTangDynastyofChina.InthewinterofAD759,DuFuandhisfamily2.fled(flee)toChengduinordertoseekrefugefromthe“RebellionofAnLushanandShiSiming”．BesidethebeautifulBlossomBathingBrook,hebuiltathatchedcottagenamed“ChengduThatchedCottage”，3.wherehelivedfornearly4years.4.Ofallthepoemshewrotethere,morethan240arestillread.ThesemonumentalpoemsendowtheCottagewithprofoundculturalsignificance,5.making(make)itasacredlandinthehistoryofChineseLiterature.Coveringanareaof190,000squaremeters,theCottageisthebiggest,bestpreservedand6.mostdistinctive(distinctive)relicinmemoryofDuFuinChina.Inthecenterofthehall,abronzestatueofDuFu,madebyLiuKaiqu,afamoussculptorofourcountry,7.isplaced(place)inthecenterofthehall.ChinesecriticsfromtheSongDynastyreferredtoDuFu8.asthe“poet-historian”．BothbeforeandaftertheAnLushanRebellion,DuFuwitnessedatypicalpoliticalandsocialsituation.Thecommonpeoplestilllivedin9.poverty(poor)whiletheemperorandhistopofficialsenjoyedafoolishlyluxuriouslife.Hecomposedmanypoemssuchas“SongoftheWarChariots”，“ThreeOfficial