2024北京交大附中高二（上）期中

英語

2024.11

命題人：高二英語組審題人：高二英語組

說明：本試卷共9頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘。

第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，

并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

ReachingImpossibleHeights

Xia,69,reachedthepeakofMountQomolangma,thehighestmountainintheworldonMay14th,

2018.Whafsremarkable,however,isthatXiahasno___1___ofhisown.

XiawaschosenbytheChinesemountaineeringteamin1974andtogetherwithhisteammates,

XiaclimbedMountQomolangmain1975.However,theyweretrappedinasnowstormjust200meters

belowthepeakandwereforcedtogodownthehill.Eventually,nineclimbers___2___thetop,but

Xiasufferedseverefreezingcoldandlostbothhisfeet.

Heheardthenewsofhisteammates9successontheradioashelayinbedinhospitalawaitingthe

operation.6aIwasproudofmyteammates,butIdidn't___3___toimaginemyfutureofsittingina

wheelchair/9hesaid.

Hefelthopelessuntiladoctortoldhimthatonartificiallegs,hecouldlivelifelikeanyoneelse,

andmightevendoquitealotofphysicalexercise.Hesetatarget:hewouldclimbQomolangma.The

visionofthe4cameclosetohim.Itgavehimthecourageandhopeto5.

AlthoughittookXiamorethan40yearstorealizehisdream,hestayedlessthan10minutesatthe

topbecauseofastorm.Facingintothewind,he___6___hisbodytocarryondownthemountain.His

artificiallegshadnofeelinganddidn't7astheyshould.Heusestwiceasmuchenergyasfully-

ablemountaineers.Manytimes,hisfeetgot8incracks（裂縫）intheiceandhisteammates

hadtohelppullhislegsout.

His___9___isbeyondmostpeople'simagination.Whenhewasreportedtohaveconquered（征

月艮）Qomolangma,hereplied,t6ItisQomolangmathat___10me.Naturecannotbeconquered,but

peoplecan."

1.A.earsB.eyesC.legsD.arms

2.A.missedB.reachedC.defendedD.overcame

3.A.dareB.striveC.applyD.commit

4.A.memoryB.recoveryC.operationD.mountain

5.A.takeonB.liveonC.dependonD.passon

6.A.shookB.warnedC.allowedD.forced

7.A.fitB.switchC.preventD.destroy

8.A.lostB.involvedC.dressedD.stuck

9.A.patienceB.independenceC.contributionD.determination

10.A.acceptsB.obsessesC.rejectsD.blames

第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞

的空白處括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

A

Asthehumanpopulationexpands,ifsgettingharderforothercreaturestofindsomewhereto

hideduringtheday.Animalsaroundtheworldchoosetobenocturnal(夜間活動的).Butscientists

suspect___11(become)nocturnalmayhurtthosespeciesadaptedtothesun.Theymightnotbe

abletolivewellatnight,___12wouldultimatelyhurttheirchancesofsurvivalandreproduction.

ItwasfoundthatinCalifornia'sSantaCruzMountains,coyotes(叢林狼)hadbeenmorenocturnal

inresponsetohikersandhadstartedtoaltertheirdiet13___daytimepreytonocturnalprey.

B

HuangDanian,therenownedChinesegeophysicist,wasbornin1958inGuangxi,China.Asakeen

andablestudent,HuangwenttotheUKin199214_(further)hisstudies.BythetimeHuang

movedbacktoChinain2009,he15_(work)intheUKfor17years.Hehadagoodjobandalife

there,buthegaveitalluptoreturnhome,16_(drive)bytheideathatheneededtocontribute

tohiscountry.Asoneoftheworld9sleadingexpertsindeepearthexplorationtechnology,Huangwas

approachedtoparticipateintheThousandTalentprogramme.HetookupapositionatJilinUniversity,

Changchun.

C

Manyendangeredspecies___17(threaten)withbecomingextinct.Themaincausefor

animalsandplantsdisappearingisoftenadisruptiontothefoodchainduetohunting,habitatlossor

eventheintroductionofinvasivespecies.Humanscanhave___18(disaster)effectsonfoodchains.

Whenpeoplefirst19___(explore)theworld,theytookanimalandplantspeciesfromtheirhome

countriestotheplacestheysettledin.Nowadaystherearestrictrulescontrollingthemovementof

animalsandplantsbetweencountries.Withrisingawarenessof___20humansaffectthenatural

environment,hopefullywecanlearntoprotectthesefoodchainsandhelpthemtothrive.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）

第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

A

Recyclableitemsarewastematerialsthatcanbeprocessedtomakenewproducts.Therecycled

materialsgothroughanintenseprocessofseparatingthematerialsandconvertingintoreusable

products.AtWasteControl,weofferasuiteofon-site（現(xiàn)場的）andoff-siterecyclingservicestomeet

theneedsofourresidentialandbusinesscustomers.

ON-SITERECYCLINGSERVICES

AttheWasteControlfacility,wehaveDrop-offRecyclingandBuy-backRecyclingCenters.The

drop-offrecyclingcenterisafreeserviceandislocatednexttotheTransferStationBuildingentrance.

YoushouldbringwhatyouwanttorecycletotheBuy-BackRecyclingCenter,whichislocatedonthe

northendofthefacilityandisforcustomerswishingtobereimbursed（報銷，償還）fbrtheir

recyclablematerialsatcurrentmarketrates.

OFF-SITERECYCLINGSERVICES

WealsooffermanyofF-siterecyclingservicestomeetyourneeds.Wemaintainfreedrop-off

recyclingsitesthroughoutthecommunityfbrcommonrecyclablematerialsandresidentialwasteoil

andantifreeze（防凍液）.Wealsoofferoff-siteresidentialroadsiderecyclingandbusinessrecycling

services.

HOURS&DIRECTIONS

HolidayHours:

?TheBusinessOfficeisclosedonallmajorholidays（NewYear'sDay.July4th,MemorialDay,

LaborDay,Thanksgiving,andChristmas）.

?Wastecollectionandroadsiderecyclingservicesareuninterruptedduringholidays,exceptfbr

ChristmasDayandNewYearsDay.IfChristmasDayfallsonaweekday,therewillbenopickup

ontheholidayandallgarbage,andrecyclingserviceswillbemovedonedayforwardfromyour

regularlyscheduledpickupfbrtheremainderoftheweek.Forexample,ifChristmasfallsona

Wednesday,customerswithregularlyscheduledWednesdayservicewillbepickeduponThursday.

MondayandTuesdayfallpriortotheholidayandwillbepickedupasregularlyscheduled.

21.Ifyouwishtobepaidbackfbrtherecyclableitems,youshould.

A.checkthecurrentmarketratesfirst

B.takethemtotheWasteControlfacility

C.putthemintotheroadsiderecyclingsites

D.separatethemfromwasteoilandantifreeze

22.IfChristmasDayfallsonTuesday,customerswithregularlyscheduledTuesdayservicewillbe

pickedupon.

A.TuesdayB.WednesdayC.ThursdayD.Friday

23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Off-siteservicesarenotofferedtocollectbusinessrecyclablematerials.

B.TheBusinessOfficeisopenonJuly4thmorningifitfallsonaweekend.

C.Thedrop-offrecyclingcenterisfarawayfromthebuy-backrecyclingcenter.

D.Thereisnoneedforresidentstopayfordroppingoffrecyclablematerials.

B

WhenMaryMoorebeganherhighschoolin1951,hermothertoldher,"Besureandtakeatyping

coursesowhenthisshowbusinessthingdoesn'tworkout,you'llhavesomethingtorelyon."Mary

respondedintypicalteenagefashion.Fromthatmomenton,“theverylastthingIeverthoughtabout

doingwastakingatypingcourse,"sherecalls.

Theshowbusinessthingworkedout,ofcourse.Inhercareer,Marywonmanyawards.Only

recently,whenshebegantowritehersecondbook,didshefeelsorryforignoringhermom,"Idon't

knowhowtouseacomputer,"sheadmits.

Unlikeher1995autobiography,hersecondbookGrowingUpAgainislessaboutherlifeasan

award-winningactressandmoreasadiabetic.AllthemoneyfromthebookisintendedfortheJuvenile

DiabetesResearchFoundation（青少年糖尿病研究基金會），anorganizationsheservesas

internationalchairman.nIfelttherewasaneedforabooklikethis,"shesays."Ididn'twanttolecture,

butIwantedotherdiabeticstoknowthatthingsgetbetterwhenwe'reself-controlledanddoourpart

inmanagingthedisease."

Butshehasn'talwayspracticedwhatsheteaches.Inherbook,shedescribesthatawfulday,almost

40yearsago,whenshereceivedtwopiecesoflife-changingnews.First,shehadlostthebabyshewas

carrying,andsecond,testsshowedthatshehaddiabetes.Inachildlikeact,sheleftthehospitaland

treatedherselftoaboxofdoughnuts.Yearswouldpassbeforesherealizedshehadtogrowup-again

一andtakecontrolofherdiabetes,notletitcontrolher.Onlythendidshekickherthree-pack-a-day

cigarettehabit,overcomeheraddictiontoalcohol,andbegintofollowabalanceddiet.

Althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor,

sherefusestofallintoself-pity."Everybodyonearthcanask,'whyme?'aboutsomethingorother,n

sheinsists."Itdoesn'tdoanygood.Nooneisimmunetoheartache,pain,anddisappointments.

Sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers.Pvecometorealizetheimportanceofthatas

Pvegrownupthissecondtime.IwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasIcanbe."

24.WhydidMaryfeelregretful?

A.Shedidn'ttakecareofhermother.B.Shedidn'tfollowhermother'sadvice.

C.Shedidn'tachievesuccessinhercareer.D.Shedidn'tuseatypingmachinewhenwriting.

25.WhenMaryreceivedthelife-changingnews,she.

A.lostcontrolofherselfB.beganabalanceddiet

C.decidedtogetatreatmentD.madedoughnutsbyherself

26.Mary'ssecondbookismainlyabouther.

A.serviceforherorganizationB.livingwithdiabetes

C.controllingofdiseaseD.storiesinherjuvenilelife

27.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?

A.Maryfeelspityforherself

B.Maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease.

C.Marywantstoserveothersasmuchaspossible.

D.Marydeterminestogobacktothedancingfloor.

C

GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodeal

withourAl-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificial

Intelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmap

addressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution.

Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercodethat

powersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslating

theheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthan

asanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,

willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAL

AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemore

capable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof"narrow-AP'toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.From

there,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetoutto

raiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow一severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpected

totakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeing

sidelinedandperhapsevenworse.

CampbelfspointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI一thetechnologycompaniesandworld

leaders一sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweare

ata“tippingpoint"inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.We

needtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedby

globalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.

AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.

28.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands"inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.

B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.

C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.

D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.

29.WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?

A.Observeexistingregulationsonit.

B.Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.

C.Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.

D.Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.

30.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.TorecommendabookonAI.

B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.

C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAL

D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.

D

Whenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelarge

animals.Theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimals

wereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappening

intheoceans.

Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansom

MyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfa

centuryofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactual

biomass（theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter）offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,but

ratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,the

biomassoflargepredators（animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals）inanewfisheryisreducedon

averageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalved

againsincethen.

Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishing

technologyhasimproved.Today'svessels（船）canfindtheirpreyusingsatellitesandsonar,whichwere

notavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sothe

realdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatch

sizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlines（多鉤長線）wouldhavebeenmorefilledwithfish.Some

individualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhooks（帶餌鉤）wouldhavebeen

availabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearly

daysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolonger

aproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundnow.

Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagement

effortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,

thatofthe"shiftingbaseline".Theideaisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhich

havehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothe

past.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthemaximumsustainableyield（產(chǎn)量）thatcanbe

croppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.

Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodobusiness.

31.Theextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggestthat.

A.largeanimalswereeasilyhurtinthechangingenvironment

B.smallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalsdisappeared

C.largeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreattoday

D.slow-growingfishoutlivefast-growingones

32.Bysayingthesefiguresareconservative,Dr.Wormmeansthat.

A.fishingtechnologyhasimprovedrapidly

B.thedatacollectedsofarareoutofdate

C.thecatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthanrecorded

D.themarinebiomasshassufferedagreaterloss

33.Dr.Myersandotherresearchersholdthat.

A.peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcan'tworkforalongertime

B.fisheriesshouldkeeptheyieldbelow50%ofthebiomass

C.theoceanbiomassshouldrestoreitsoriginallevel

D.peopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetochangingsituation

34.Thewriterseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmostfisheries9.

A.biomasslevelB.managementefficiency

C.catch-sizelimitsD.technologicalapplication

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將

該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

IsManagingKids9ScreenTimeaGoodIdea?

Screentimeisabigtopicofconversationintoday'shouseholds,particularlyduringthepandemic

whenonlineeducationhourshavemultipliedformanystudents.35Theyhopetosparetheirkids

fromthecountlesschallengesthattechnologycanbring.Yetthechallengesofscreentimeoveruse

seldomcomefromkids'devicesthemselves,butratherfromthetenserelationshipsthattechnology

canbringtofamilies.36Buttechnologyhaspositivebenefitstoo.Sinceeverychildandfamilyis

different,managingscreentimecallsforjointfamilydecision-making.

Ifparentsbelievetheycanmanageachild'sscreentimethroughadolescence,theyarenotonly

foolingthemselvesbutalsoinvitingrelationshiptroublewiththeirteens.Itisamythtothinkthat

parentscanorshouldmanagetheirkids9screentimethroughauthoritarianrestrictions,evenduring

elementaryschool.37Whenchildrenareleftoutofthosedecisions,theyoftenbecomeless

communicativewithparentsandsiblings.Thisistheoppositeofwhatparentswanttoachieve.

38Fromearlyages,childrenarequitecapableofunderstandingthatagoodlifeinvolves

awarenessandbalance.Justastheylearnrightfromwrong,andgoodfrombad,theycanalsolearnto

usetechnologyinhealthyways.Learninghowtoregulateoneselfanddevelophealthybehaviorsis

oneoftheprimarytasksofchildhoodandadolescence.Whathappenswhenanadulttriestoregulate

achildisthatthechildmissesoutontheopportunitytolearnforthemselves.Enforcedrestrictionscan

alsomakechildrenfeelhelplessandlessconfident.

Tobeclear,thisarticleisnotsuggestingthatfamiliesneveruseappsortrackers,orthatthere

shouldbenorestrictionsonscreentime.39Parentsshouldgivevoicetochildrenandinvolvethem

intheplanninganddecision-makingprocess.

A.Ofcourse,therearewebsitesthatareunhealthyforkidstoaccess.

B.Thealternativeistoinvolvechildrenindecisionsthatgovernscreentime.

C.However,everyfamilyneedsafamilymediaplanbetweenfamilymembers.

D.Thegoalistosee,hear,feel,andunderstandhowchildrenviewscreentime.

E.Tomanagechildren'sscreentime,parentshaveinvestedinappsandtrackers.

F.Togetchildreninvolved,parentsshouldtrustanddevelopkids9self-awareness.

G.Whatitissuggestingisthatparentslookatmanagingscreentimeinadifferentway.

第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)供4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

Fashion'sMeltDown

Throwawaycultureistrashingtheplanet-butoneyoungchemicalengineerhasherownwayto

turnitover.

Fastfashionhaschangedthewaywedress.Webuymoreclothes,moreoften—butwewearthem

less.AlinaBassi,founderofKleiderly,wantstogiveourclothingwasteanotherchanceatausefullife.

Bassihasalwayscaredaboutthethreatofclimatechange,butsheactuallystartedhercareerin

theoilindustry.Afterafewyears,shelandedatbio-bean,astartupthatturnedwastecoffeegrounds

intoproductsthatcouldbeburntforheatandfuel.Afterayear,Bassiwaskeentobranchout——used

coffeegroundsarenotthebiggestthreatfacingtheplanet.Instead,shepouredhereffortsintotackling

amuchbiggerglobalpolluter:thefashionindustry.

AccordingtotheEllenMacArthurFoundation,weproduce100billionitemsofclothingperyear,

andthisissettodoubleby2050.Buttheydon'tlastlongenoughtooffset（抵消）thecarboncostof

producingthematerial,creatingtheclothes,andthenshippin