翻譯三級筆譯綜合能力分類模擬題語氣(二)ⅠGrammar:MoodAMultipleChoices1.

Ifyouhadspokenmoreclearly,you______.A.（江南博哥）wouldunderstandB.wouldbeunderstoodC.wouldhavebeenunderstoodD.wouldhaveunderstood正確答案：C

2.

Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatsomemeasures______toimprovetheworkingconditions?A.wouldbetakenB.betakenC.willbetakenD.willhavetobetaken正確答案：B

3.

Ifyouhadbeenmorecarefulintypingthereport,you______todoitoveragain.A.didnothaveB.wouldnothaveC.hadnothaveD.wouldnothavehad正確答案：D

4.

Itisourwishthatshe______whatshelikes.A.takeB.takesC.willtakeD.cantake正確答案：A

5.

Yesterdaythemanagerinsistedthatthecontract______signedassoonaspossible.A.hadB.haveC.havebeenD.be正確答案：D

6.

Henry______arichmantodayifhehadbeenmorecarefulabouthisinvestmentinthepast.A.wouldbeB.isC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen正確答案：A

7.

Thatmanmusthavethestrengthofahippopotamus,orhenever______thatgreatbeast.A.couldhavevanquishedB.wouldvanquishC.shouldhavevanquishedD.hadvanquished正確答案：A[解析]28．此句中的or意為“否則”，此句為假設條件被隱蔽的虛擬句。

8.

Themillionsofcalculations,hadtheybeendonebyhand,______allpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinisheD．A.couldloseB.wouldhavelostC.mightloseD.oughttohavelost正確答案：B[解析]26．此句為假設條件被隱蔽的虛擬句，可還原為Iftheyhadbeendonebyhand,themillionsofcalculationswouldhavelostallpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinisheD．

9.

______youwerebusy,Iwouldn'thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.A.IfIrealizedB.IrealizedthatC.HadIrealizedD.AsIrealized正確答案：C此句為與過去事實相反的虛擬句，條件上句用的是ifIhadrealizedyouwerebusy的倒裝形式。

10.

IfyouhaddoneasItoldyou,this______.A.shouldhavenothappenedB.wouldnothavehappenedC.didnothappenD.hadnothappened正確答案：B

11.

______hehere,he______hisbesttohelpyou.A.Were...wouldtryB.Were...wouldhavetriedC.If...wouldtryD.Hadbeen...wouldhavetried正確答案：A

12.

TheprofessorrecommendedinhislastlecturethatEnglishlearners______onthelookoutfortenses.A.willbeB.areC.shouldbeD.mustbe正確答案：C

13.

Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun______roundtheearth.A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling正確答案：A

14.

______anytroublewiththeboiler,theautomaticcontrollingunitwillcutoffthefueloilsupply.A.ThereshouldbeB.IftherehadbeenC.ShouldtherebeD.Iftherewas正確答案：C[解析]30．此句為倒裝形式的虛擬條件句，相當于Ifthereshouldbeanytroublewiththeboiler,與將來可能情況相反。

15.

______Irealizedtheconsequences,IwouldneverhaveintendedtogetinvolveD．A.IfB.WhenC.HadD.Unless正確答案：C

ⅡClozeTestBBaush'sLegacy(Ⅱ)布什的遺產(Ⅱ)

PresidentBush'spushtooustSaddamHussein

1

powersoonbecamemorethanaforeign-policyinitiative;the

2

andhisalliesuseditasawedgeissue

3

Democratsintherun-uptothe2002elections.

"After9/11,he

4

acountrythatsaid,'We'rereadytofollow,'"

5

Rep.RahmEmanual,D-Ⅲ.,aformertopaidetoPresidentBill

6

andnowamemberoftheHouseDemocraticleadership."There

7

somuchwecouldhavedone.Buthesaid,'Goshopping',

8

thenhedividedthenation."

Thehyper-politicalpushfor

9

costhimthesupportofDemocrats;therewouldbeno

10

bigbipartisansuccessesforhimtocelebrate,suchashis

11

educationlaw,NoChildLeftBehinD．

Republicansstayedwithhim,

12

,andwhiletheycontrolledCongress,thatwasoftenenough.It

13

himpoliticallypotentthroughthe2002and2004campaigns.

But

14

spendingprogramsandotherbreakswithconservativedogmahurtthe

15

standinginsidetheGOP,andheneverreallyworkedtheWashingtongameto

16

relationshipswithmembersofCongress.

Inhis

17

term,DemocratsscuttledSocialSecurityreformevenbeforethepresident

18

fileabill.OppositiontoBushbecametheirorganizingprinciple—theformulatheyrodetosuccessin2006,

19

thebotchedfederalresponsetoHurricaneKatrinaandacontinuingwarleft

20

asdamagedgoods.1.

正確答案：from

2.

正確答案：president

3.

正確答案：against

4.

正確答案：had

5.

正確答案：said

6.

正確答案：Clinton

7.

正確答案：was

8.

正確答案：and

9.

正確答案：war

10.

正確答案：more

11.

正確答案：signature

12.

正確答案：however

13.

正確答案：kept

14.

正確答案：new

15.

正確答案：president's

16.

正確答案：develop

17.

正確答案：second

18.

正確答案：could

19.

正確答案：after

20.

正確答案：Bush

ⅢReadingComprehensionPassageOne

StaytheCourseonTerrorWar

堅持反恐戰爭的道路

PresidentBushurgedUSalliesTuesdaytoremaincommittedtothereconstructionofIraq,vowingthatterroristattackslikelastweek'sbombingsinSpain"willnevershakethewilloftheUnitedStates."

"It'sessentialthatweremainside-by-sidewiththeIraqipeopleastheybegintheprocessofserf-government,"BushsaidinaWhiteHouseappearancewithDutchPrimeMinisterJanPeterBalkenende.

Bush'scommentscomeoneyearaftertheUS-ledinvasionofIraqandatatimewhenhishandlingofthewaronterrorisbeingquestionedbymanyDemocrats,particularlySen.JohnKerry,thepresumedDemocraticpresidentialnominee.

"They'llkillinnocentpeopletotrytoshakeourwill,"Bushsaidofterrorists."That'swhattheywanttodo.They'llnevershakethewilloftheUnitedStates.Weunderstandthestakes."

TheadministrationhascastthetopplingoftheregimeofformerIraqiPresidentSaddamHusseinaspartofthebroaderwaronterror.BushhasgenerallyenjoyedhighmarksfromtheAmericanpublicforhisleadershiponnationalsecurityfollowingtheterroristattacksofSeptember11,2001.

ButDemocratshavegrownincreasinglyvocalintheircriticismofBush'sapproachtothewaronterror,sayinghehasalienatedalliesabroadandfailedtomatchhisoftentoughrhetoricwithsupportforfirstresponders,suchasfirefighters,athomeandequipmentforsoldiersinthefielD．

TypicalwasacommentMondayfromKerry,whenheaddressedonefirefighters'unionthathasendorsedhisbidforthepresidency.

"IdonotfaultGeorgeBushfordoingtoomuchinthewaronterror,"KerrysaiD．"Ibelievehe'sdonetoolittle."

Theadministrationhasrefutedthecharges.AdministrationfigurespointoutthataboutthreedozennationshavecontributedinsomefashiontothereconstructionofIraq.AndBush-Cheneycampaignofficialssayit'sKerry—notBush—whohasfailedtoprovidesupportforhomelandsecuritythroughvariousSenatevotes.KerrysaidtheRepublicancampaignistakingaselectiveandmisleadingreviewofhisvotes.

"I'mnotgoingtoworryaboutthemmisleadingbecausewe'regoingtokeeppoundingawayatthetruthoverthenextfewmonths,"KerrysaidatacampaigneventinWestVirginiaonTuesday,talkingabouttheadministration'srecordonseveralfronts.

ButthechallengeforBushontheterrorwarisnotjustcomingfromtheUScampaigntrail.

Intheaftermathoflastweek'sbombingsofcommutertrainsinMadrid,SpanishvotersoustedthePopularPartyofBushallyJoseMariaAznarinfavoroftheSocialists,whoopposedtheUS-ledinvasionofIraqlastMarch.SocialistleaderJoseLuisRodriguezZapaterosaidMondayhewantstopullSpanishtroopsoutofIraqunlesstheUnitedNationstakesongreaterrolethere.

AskedhowhewouldrespondtoDutchcitizenswhohavecalledforBalkenendetowithdrawthatcountry'stroops,Bushsaid,"IwouldaskthemtothinkabouttheIraqicitizenswhodon'twantpeopletowithdrawbecausetheywanttobefree."

About1,100DutchtroopsarestationedinsouthernIraq,partofthecoalitionthathasoccupiedthecountrysincetheUS-ledinvasionlastMarch.BalkenendesaidhisgovernmenthasyettodiscusswhetherDutchtroopswouldremaininIraqbeyondtheendofJune,whentheUnitedStatesplanstohandoverpowertoanewIraqigovernment.

BushsaidthealQaedaterroristnetwork—aleadingsuspectintheMadridbombings,whichkilled201people—hopestostopthespreadoffreedomanddemocracyintheMiddleEast.

"A1QaedawantsusoutofIraqbecausealQaedawantstouseIraqasanexampleofdefeatingfreedomanddemocracy,"hesaiD．1.

Thisnewsreportimpliesthat______.A.theUnitedStatesitselfisdividedinopinionregardingitsrelationshipwithitsalliesB.GeorgeBushandJohnKerrywereinserousdisputeconcerningtheprocessofself-governmentinIraqC.GeorgeBushhasnotdoneenoughtopreventterroristattacksD.theBushadministrationisunderpressurebothathomeandabroad正確答案：D

2.

WhichofthefollowingisafactorthatcontributestoBush'spopularityamongtheAmericanpublic?A.BushstartedtheIraqiwarresolutely,supportedbyallies.B.BushinsistedthattheIraqiwarwaspartofthewaragainstterrorism.C.Bushhastakenatoughlineonnationalsecurityissues.D.BushmaintainedthattheUnitedStateswouldwintheIraqiwar.正確答案：C

3.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTacriticismoftheBushAdministrationfromtheDemocrats?A.OnlythirtyplusnationshavecontributedtothereconstructionofIraq.B.TheUnitedStateshasbeenseparatingitselffromtheallynations.C.TheAdministrationhasnotdoneenoughtosupporthomelandsecurity.D.TheAdministrationhasnotkeptitspromiseofgivingsufficientsupporttothesoldiersinthebattlefield.正確答案：A

4.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.theRepublicansaremisleadingtheSenatevotesB.theDemocratsenjoymoreseatsintheSenatethanRepublicansC.KerryisnotrefutingBusheffectivelyD.BushislosingWestVirginiainhispresidentialcampaign正確答案：B

5.

ThetrainbombingsinMadridmayhave_____.A.causedtheSpanishPopularpartytoloseitspowertotheSocialistsB.ledtotheDutchcitizenstourgetheDutchgovernmenttowithdrawtroopsoutofIraqC.shakenpeople'sconfidenceinBushD.beenplottedbyA1Oaeda正確答案：A

PassageTwo

HillaryRodhamClinton

希拉里·羅德姆·克林頓

Duringthe1992presidentialcampaign,HillaryRodhamClintonobserved,"Ourlivesareamixtureofdifferentroles.Mostofusaredoingthebestwecantofindwhatevertherightbalanceis...Forme,thatbalanceisfamily,work,andservice."

HillaryDianeRodham,DorothyandHughRodham'sfirstchild,wasbornonOctober26,1947.Twobrothers,HughandTony,soonfolloweD．Hillary'schildhoodinParkRidge,Illinois,washappyanddisciplined.Shelovedsportsandherchurch,andwasamemberoftheNationalHonorSociety,andastudentleader.Herparentsencouragedhertostudyhardandtopursueanycareerthatinterestedher.

AsanundergraduateatWellesleyCollege,Hillarymixedacademicexcellencewithschoolgovernment.Speakingatgraduation,shesaid,"Thechallengenowistopracticepoliticsastheartofmakingwhatappearstobeimpossible,possible."

In1969,HillaryenteredYaleLawSchool,wheresheservedontheBoardofEditorsofYaleLawReviewandSocialAction,internedwithchildren'sadvocateMarianWrightEdelman,andmetBillClinton.ThePresidentoftenrecallshowtheymetinthelibrarywhenshestrodeuptohimandsaid,"Ifyou'regoingtokeepstaringatme,Imightaswellintroducemyself."Thetwoweresooninseparable—partnersinmootcourt,politicalcampaigns,andmattersoftheheart.

Aftergraduation,HillaryadvisedtheChildren'sDefenseFundinCambridgeandjoinedtheimpeachmentinquirystaffadvisingtheJudiciaryCommitteeoftheHouseofRepresentatives.Aftercompletingthoseresponsibilities,she"followedherhearttoArkansas,"whereBillhadbegunhispoliticalcareer.

Theymarriedin1975.ShejoinedthefacultyoftheUniversityofArkansasLawSchoolin1975andtheRoseLawFirmin1976.In1978,PresidentJimmyCarterappointedhertotheboardoftheLegalServicesCorporation,andBillClintonbecamegovernorofArkansas.Theirdaughter,Chelsea,wasbornin1980.

HillaryservedasArkansas'sFirstLadyfor12years,balancingfamily,law,andpublicservice.ShechairedtheArkansasEducationalStandardsCommittee,co-foundedtheArkansasAdvocatesforChildrenandFamilies,andservedontheboardsoftheArkansasChildren'sHospital,LegalServices,andtheChildren'sDefenseFunD．

Asthenation'sFirstLady,Hillarycontinuedtobalancepublicservicewithprivatelife.Heractiverolebeganin1993whenthePresidentaskedhertochairtheTaskForceonNationalHealthCareReform.Shecontinuedtobealeadingadvocateforexpandinghealthinsurancecoverage,ensuringchildrenareproperlyimmunized,andraisingpublicawarenessofhealthissues.Shewroteaweeklynewspapercolumnentitled"TalkingItOver,"whichfocusedonherexperiencesasFirstLadyandherobservationsofwomen,children,andfamiliesshehasmetaroundtheworlD．Her1996bookItTakesaVillageandOtherLessonsChildrenTeachUs

AsFirstLady,herpublicinvolvementwithmanyactivitiessometimesledtocontroversy.Undeterredbycritics,Hillarywonmanyadmirersforherstaunchsupportforwomenaroundtheworldandhercommitmenttochildren'sissues.

ShewaselectedUnitedStatesSenatorfromNewYorkonNovember7,2000.SheisthefirstFirstLadyelectedtotheUnitedStatesSenateandthefirstwomanelectedstatewideinNewYork.1.

OntheeveofbecomingtheFirstLadyoftheUnitedStates,HillaryRodhamClintonbegantotakeserviceintoconsideration.Heretheword"service"means______.A.workinthearmy,navyortheairforceB.workordutydoneforthecountryC.workinanyofthegovernmentdepartmentsD.workinthePresident'shome正確答案：B

2.

In1969,HillaryRodhamClintonenteredYaleLawSchool,wheresheworkedas______.A.Ph.D.studentB.wifeofBillClintonC.editorandinternD.secretary正確答案：C

3.

HillaryRodhamClintonwenttoArkansasforthepurposesofbecoming______.A.afollowerofBillClintonB.anadvisorfortheChildren'sDefenseFundC.aneditorofamagazineD.agovernmentofficial正確答案：A

4.

HillaryRodhamClintongotherfirstgovernmentappointmentinthe______Administration.A.NixonB.CarterC.ClintonD.Bush正確答案：B

5.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTthetaskthatHillaryRodhamClintonwasinvolvedinaschairoftheTaskForceonNationalHealthCareReform?A.expandinghealthinsurancecoverageB.ensuringchildren'simmunizationC.raisingpublicawarenessofhealthissuesD.writingabestseller正確答案：D

PassageThree

EthicsOfficeBacksInteriorOfficial

民族部支持內政部的官員

TheOfficeofGovernmentEthicssaidtheInteriorDepartment'sNo.2official,StevenGriles,didnotappeartoviolateethicsrulesbyarrangingmeetingsbetweenInteriorofficialsandhisformerlobbyingclientsandpartners.

Theoffice,afterreviewingan18-monthinvestigationbytheInteriorDepartment'sinspectorgeneral,saiditfoundnoethicsviolationsbyGrilesinthedepartment'sawardingofmorethan$1.6millionicontractsin2001and2002toAdvancedPowerTechnologiesInc.,aformerclient.

InteriorDepartmentInspectorGeneralEarlDevaneysaidGriles'behavioristhelatestcaseofanInteriorofficialfallingtoconsiderperceivedimproprietyinhisactions.Healsocalledthedepartment'sunderfundedethicsoffice"atrainwreckwaitingtohappen."

InteriorSecretaryGaleNortonandRepublicansinCongresssaidthereportclearsGrilesofanywrongdoing.Grilesisgratifiedbythefindingthathehad"adheredtoethicslawsandrules."

"Iamgladthismatterisbehindme,"hesaiD．

Sen.JoeLieberman,D-Conn.,calledDevaney'sreportacaseofthe"foxesguardingthefoxes,"sayingthequestionableconductandspecialtreatmentgiventoGriles'formerclients"cannothelpbutleaveasourtasteinthemouthofanyonewhobelievesinthefairnessofgovernment."

EnvironmentalistshadallegedthatGrileshelpedformerclientslandgovernmentcontracts,intervenedinanenvironmentalstudyofcoalbedmethanedevelopmentinWyoming,andheldadinnerforseniordepartmentofficialsatthehomeofhisformerlobbyingpartner.

Twomatters—thecoalbedmethaneanalysisandtheInteriorDepartmentdinner—werereferredtoNortonbytheOfficeofGovernmentEthicsforpossibleaction.NortonsaidtheyhadbeenadequatelyaddresseD．

"Thisclosestheissue,"Nortonsaidinastatement.

KristenSykesofFriendsoftheEarthdisagreedandsaidGrilesshouldbefireD．

"ItuncoversregularandconsistentbreachesofGriles'ethicsagreementsand,moreimportantly,blatantviolationsofthepublic'strust,"shesaiD．"IfthisWhiteHouseisseriousaboutethicsandaccountability,Mr.Grilesshouldbedismissedimmediately."

Devaneydidnotdrawconclusionsinhisreport,butsaidinalettertothedepartmentthatregardlessofwhetherGrilesbrokethelaw,theappearanceofwrongdoingerodespublictrust.

"Thisistheonlyoneinaseriesofcasesinwhichwehaveobservedaninstitutionalfailuretoconsidertheappearanceofaparticularcourseofconduct,"hewrote."Itismyhope,however,thatthismaybethecasethatchangestheethicalcultureinthedepartment."

Lastmonth,Devaneyclearedthedepartment'sformertoplawyer,BillMyers,ofallegationsthathisofficialactionsbenefitedformerlobbyingclients.AninvestigationisunderwayintowhetherBureauofLandManagementDirectorKathleenClarkeviolatedethicsrulesbyparticipatinginmeetingsregardingalandexchangeinUtah,whereshewasthestate'sdirectorofnaturalresources.

Grilescontinuestoreceive$284,000ayearaspartofafour-yearseverancepackagefromhisformerlobbyingfirm.

InApril2002,theEnvironmentalProtectionAgencywasabouttoobjecttoanenvironmentalstudyofcoalbedmethanedrillinginWyomingwhenGrilesinterveneD．Inaphonecallandletter,heurgedEPAtoresolveitsdifferencestokeeptheprojectontrack.AtleastsixofGriles'sformerclientshadinterestintheproject.

DevaneyalsofoundthatInteriorDepartmentofficialssoughtoutprojectstoawardtooneofGriles'formerclients,AdvancedPowerTechnologies,Inc.,atherthanlettingAPTIcompeteforexistingprojects.

AfterjoiningtheInteriorDepartment,Grilesheldadinnerpartyforseniordepartmentofficialsatthehomeofhisformerlobbyingpartner,MarcHimmelstein.AssistantSecretaryRebeccaWatson,toldDevaneyshebelieveditwasimproperandcouldgivetheappearanceoffavoritism.Grilessaiditwasasocialeventthathewouldhavehostedathishomeifhehadspace.

Devaneysaidethicsissuescanarisewithanyappointee,butneglectandalackoffundinghavelefttheInteriorDepartment'senthicsofficeunabletoshepherdofficialsthroughtheethicsminefielD．1.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofGriles?A.Grilesarrangedforofficialfromhisofficetomeethisformerclients.B.GrileswasinvestigatedbyEarlDevaney.C.Griles'sInteriorDepartmentfavoredAdvancedPowerTechnologiesInc.inbigcontracts.D.Grilesimproperlyviolatedethiccodes.正確答案：D

2.

ThenewsreportindicatesthatEarlDevaney______.A.madeaneighteen-monthinvestigationintoGriles'scaseB.referredtoGriles'scase"atrainwreck"C.accusedtheInteriorDepartmentoffundingethicsofficesecretlyD.didnotactinGriles'sfavor正確答案：A

3.

ByreferringtoDevaney'sreportasacaseofthe"foxesguardingthefoxes,"JoeLiebermanmostprobablymeantthat______.A.thereportwasverywellphrasedB.DevaneymadeaverycomplicatedreportC.thereportdeceitfullypicturedanalreadyunjustcaseD.hewasdoubtfulofthefairnessofgovernment正確答案：C

4.

The2002Wyomingcoalbedmethanedrillingcaseiscitedto______.A.clearGrilesofwrongdoinginitB.keepthedrillingprojectgoingC.showGriles'sinnocenceinallrelatedallegationsD.displayGriles'sinappropriatebehavior,ifnotlaw-breaking正確答案：D

5.

What,accordingtoDevaney,seemedtobethecausesofethicsproblemswiththeInteriorDepartment?A.Seekingoutprojectsforformerclients.B.Holdingdinnerpartiesatthehomeofformerlobbyingpartners.C.Practicingfavoritism.D.Havinginsufficientfunding.正確答案：D

PassageFour

Legislation,LawsuitsCoverBothSidesonSame-sexMarriage

法律，在同性婚姻問題上訴訟兩邊不得罪

Incourtroomsandstatecapitolsnationwide,opponentsandsupportersofgaymarriagehaveembarkedonacollisioncourse,pursuinglawsuitsandlegislationsodeeplyatoddsthatprolongedlegalchaosislikely.

Oneplausibleresult:anationdivided,atleastbriefly,betweenahandfulofstatesrecognizinggaymarriageandamajoritywhichdonot.

Themostclear-cutoptionforavertingsuchchaosisafederalconstitutionalamendmentbanninggaymarriage.However,despitesupportfromPresidentBush,theamendmentisgivenlittlechanceofwinningtheneededtwo-thirdssupportinboththeHouseandSenatethisyear.

Withoutit,expertssay,therivalsidesarelikelytolitigatesorelentlesslythattheUSSupremeCourtwilleventuallybecompelledtointercedeandclarifywhetheralegalsame-sexunioninonestatemustberecognizedinotherstates.

"It'sgoingtobecomplicatedformanyyears—we'regoingtohavesomefree-marriagesstates,andsomethatarenot,"saidMattForeman,executivedirectoroftheNationalGayandLesbianTaskForce.

"Thisisnotanewsituationinourcountry,"ForemanaddeD．"Wehavehadahodgepodgeoflawsondifferentsocialissues.Invariably,wecometowidespreadconsensus,andthat'sgoingtohappentothisissue."

Fornow,though,consensusseemsdistantastwocontrastinglegaloffensivestakeshape.

Ononehand,courtsinfiverelativelyliberalstates—California,NewJersey,NewYork,OregonandWashington—arebeingaskedtoconsiderwhethersame-sexmarriagesshouldbealloweD．

Ineachofthesestates,localofficialshaverecentlyperformedgaymarriages.Gay-rightssupporterspredictthesupremecourtsinatleastacoupleofthestateswilljoinMassachusetts'SupremeJudicialCourtinauthorizingsuchmarriages.

Meanwhile,legislatorsinmanystatesaremovingtoamendtheirconstitutionstotoughenexistingbansongaymarriageandexplicitlydenyrecognitiontosame-sexunionsforgedelsewhere.

Fourstates—Alaska,Hawaii,NebraskaandNevada—alreadyhavesuchconstitutionalamendments.SimilarmeasuresareeithercertainorlikelytogobeforevotersinseveralotherstatesinNovemberorthereafter,includingAlabama,Arkansas,Mississippi,UtahandWisconsin.

In10otherlegislatures,proposedconstitutionalamendmentsarepending—theirfatenotyetcertain.

MattDaniels,whoasheadoftheAllianceforMarriagehelpeddrafttheproposedfederalconstitutionalamendment,seesthedevelopmentsinstate,legislaturesasproofofstronggrass-rootsoppositiontogaymarriage.

"Asthecourtspushtheenvelope,publicopinionmovesinourdirection,"hesaid,"It'sagreatnationalreferendum...onwhetherweasasocietyaregoingtosendamessagethroughourlawsthatthere'ssomethinguniquelyspecialaboutmarriagebetweenamanandawoman."

However,DanielsisconvincedthatwithoutanamendmentputtingthatdefinitionintheUSConstitution,thecourtswilleventuallystrikedownstatedownstatelawsbanninggaymarriage,aswellasthefederalDefenseofMarriageAct.Thatmeasure,signedbyPresidentClintonin1996,allowsstatestorefusetohonorsame-sexunionsperformedelsewhere,anddeniesfederalrecognitiontosuchunions.

Danielssaidtheproposedfederalamendment,ifitdidclearCongress,wouldeasilywintherequiredratificationbyatleast38statelegislatures.

Heacknowledgedthatthem