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Unit8AgreenworldSentenceelementssubject

主語verb謂語attributive

定語predicative

表語adverbial

狀語

object

賓語objectcomplement賓語補足語SentenceElementsRevision

若是在句子中，句子中的主語就相當于主角。我們就寫一句以小李子(Leo)為主語的話吧。（我們就演一場以小李子為主角的戲吧。）

主角上場，定有大事發生！除了我還有誰能當主角？The

man...小李子......Lead-in

The

man

holds...小李子抱著......小李子做的這個“抱”的動作就表示謂語。謂語就是主語發出的動作。

小李子既然要抱，那抱的是什么呢？好，配角出場！The

man

holds

a

girl.小李子抱著一個妹紙.這個妹紙，也就是配角，在句子中，賓語是主語發出動作的作用對象。

一個粗糙的彩排，就這樣出來了。主語：小李子謂語：抱著賓語：妹紙也是一個簡單句。

評判一個戲的好壞，可不止演員演技哦，還有戲中一系列精妙的細節。所以，我們現在要給小李子畫一個妝。The

handsome

man

holds

a

girl.帥氣的小李子抱著一個妹紙.喵靠鈴鐺，人靠發量The

handsome

man，with

thick

hair

holds

a

girl.那個帥氣的，有濃密頭發的小李子抱著一個妹紙.化妝，發量，這些都是修飾限定主角的。在句子中修飾限定主語的，

我們就叫做定語。

The

handsome

man，with

thick

hair

on

the

ship

holds

a

girl.那個帥氣的，有濃密頭發的小李子在船上抱著一個妹紙.一個故事，除了把地點講清楚，時間也可以烘托氣氛。The

handsome

man，with

thick

hair

on

the

ship

holds

a

girl

at

dusk.黃昏，那個帥氣的，有濃密頭發的小李子在船上抱著一個妹紙.時間，地點，都是表示這部劇的背景，也就是語法中的狀語。狀語是啥呢？

也作修飾，說明地點，時間，原因，結果，條件，方式，方向，程度等。

雖然是細枝末節，但是依然重要。這里的alone為補語對賓語小李子的補充說明，使句子更完整。

補語分為主語補足語和賓語補足語。She

let

him

alone.她丟下他一個人。特點一：補語是句子中不可省略的成分。特點二：賓語和補語間加入be動詞后能夠構成一個完整的句子，且該句闡述的信息和原句意圖表達的信息基本相同。利用補語的兩個特點，我們可以一起來驗證下列2個劃線結構是不是補語：Ifoundthehomeworkdifficult.（我發現數學作業很難。）SheheardJeansinging.（我聽到Jean在唱歌。）先使用特點一來驗證——省略掉劃線部分，得到：Ifoundthehomework.（×）（我發現了作業。）SheheardJean.（×）（我聽到Jean。）省略之后，示例均出現句子成分缺失或語義有較大改變的現象，表明劃線部分并不能夠被省略.接下來使用特點二來驗證——省略主語和謂語，并在賓語和劃線部分之間加入be動詞，得到：Thehomeworkwasdifficult.（√）Jeanwassinging.（√）Rose，abeautifulgirl，hascurlyhair.露絲，一個漂亮的女孩，有著卷發.這就說到我們講的同位語了，同位語就是兩個詞語，都是在說同一個人。

到這里，我們八個基本句子成分就講完了。大家了解他們是干嘛的了么？Unit8Agreenworldsubject（主語）S句子所談論的主體Theboygetsupatsixo’clockeverymorning.

Ihavejustfinishedmyfirstdayofseniorhighschool.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Settinggoalsgivesyouafocusinlife.Torealizeyourpotentialmeansyouneedtosetagoalfirst.名詞代詞數詞動名詞不定式Unit8Agreenworldverb（謂語）V又稱“謂詞”，指謂語部分的主要動詞，通常說明主語所做的動作或主語的特征和狀態

1.簡單謂語：由動詞或動詞詞組組成Opportunityliesineachchallenge.Ienjoymyseniorschoollife.

2.復合謂語:由情態動詞或助動詞+動詞構成Youwilldiscoveryourpotential.Hedoesn’tlikehisnewschool.情態動詞：can，could，may，

might,will，shall，

would，should，

must，need，haveto，oughtto,dare，dared

助動詞：be（is,am,are,was,were,being,been）have（has,had,having）do（does,did）shall，will（should,would）Unit8Agreenworldverb（謂語）HeiswatchingTVnow.ThemachinewasmadeinChina.Shehasbeenworkingallday.Johnshouldbepunished.ImusthavebeensenttoXidongseniorhighschoolbythen.Unit8Agreenworldobject（賓語）O指動作的對象有的動詞后面可以接兩個賓語，通常把其中表示人的賓語稱為間接賓語（indirectobject），把表示物的賓語稱為直接賓語（directobject）Weshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.Jackofferedme

somehelpfuladvice.間接賓語直接賓語雙賓語動詞：award,buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,show,teach,tell,

bring,do,pass,sell,send,sing,write...

Unit8Agreenworldpredicative（表語）P指連系動詞(Linkingverb)后面的成分，說明主語的身份、特征和狀態常見的系動詞：be動詞

五感官：feel,look,sound，smell，taste

狀態：seem，appear

變化：become,get,turn，go

持續：remain，stay，keep

Heisateacher(名詞）.

Itasteit(代詞）.

Sheseemedhappy（形容詞）.Everythinggoesworse.Hekeepsslientatthemeeting.謂語動詞>系動詞Unit8Agreenworldattributive（定語）Attr.修飾名詞或代詞。常翻譯成“...的”單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的名詞之前短語和從句作定語時則放在它所修飾的名詞之后(后置定語)Iwenttoalargelibraryyesterday.Hedoesn’thaveamythingtodoatthemoment.attributive（定語）Chinaisa

country.

Ihavea

box.

名詞作定語Youshouldtake

advice.

Ihave

brothers.

數詞作定語Canyoupassmethebook

?

greatsocialistpencil形容詞作定語my代詞作定語twothere副詞作定語（通常放在所修飾的名詞、代詞后面）

attributive（定語）TouristsfromdifferentcountriesenjoyChinesefood.

Theboytotaketheballismyson.

Thereisareadingroominourdepartment.Thewoundedsoldierwastakenofftothehospital.

Theladywhoisstandingthereisourteacher.

定語通常由形容詞擔任，也可以由名詞、代詞、數詞、副詞、介詞短語、非謂語形式或從句充當。介詞短語作定語非謂語形式作定語從句作定語（定語從句）Unit8Agreenworldadverbial（狀語）adv.修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條件、方式和讓步等。1.修飾形容詞或副詞時，通常位于被修飾的詞之前

Iamveryconfident.2.表示時間、地點、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭，強調時放在句首Afterschool，thereweremanyclubstojoin.IlearntalotaboutschoollifeintheUK.3.一些表示不確定時間（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副詞狀語通常位于be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞之后，動詞之前Weoftenhelphim.Thefightsalmostruinedtheirfriendship.介詞+名詞Unit8Agreenworldcomplement（補語）C用來補充說明主語或賓語的特征或情況補語分為主語補語（subjectcomplement)和賓語補語（objectcomplement）Heismadechairmanoftheclub.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.賓語補語主語補語Ifindherpretty.（形容詞）Ifindheraprettygril.（名詞）Ifindhersmiling.（現在分詞）Ifindherfollowedbymanycameras.（過去分詞）可以做賓補的詞性是不定式（todo)，名詞，形容詞，副詞，非謂語

(doing/done/todo/do)。complement（補語）Sheisfoundpretty.（形容詞）Sheisfoundaprettygirl.（名詞）Sheisfoundsmiling.（現在分詞）Sheisfoundfollowedbymanycameras.（過去分詞）Unit8Agreenworldsubjectcomplement（主語補足語）SCUnit8Agreenworldobjectcomplement（賓語補足語）OCUnit8Agreenworldobjectcomplement（賓語補足語）Practice1.Hedoesn’thaveanythingtodoatthemoment.

2.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.3.Clearly,talkingtohimisamistake.4.Weshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.Attributive(定語）Complement(補語)Adverbial(狀語)Object(賓語)5.IfelthappybecauseIwaspraisedbytheteacher.6.Manystudentsjoinschoolclubs.7.ThesubjectIlikebestisEnglish.Predicative(表語)Verb(謂語)Subject(主語)Practice1.（2020.天津5月完形填空改編）We

playedgames

together,andstayeduplatereadingbedtimestories._______;_______2.（2020?天津5月完形填空改編）Hewasn'tcool

any

more. _______3.（2020?天津5月閱讀理解改編）Donotloseyourcardorlendittoothers._______4.（2020?山東語法填空改編）Many

museumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.______

VAPOAttr.5.（天津高考單項語法填空改編）IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographtaken.___6.（北京高考語法填空改編）Shehandedme

advice.“Be

yourself.”________OCDO主謂賓

SVO

主謂賓賓

SVOO

主謂賓賓語

SVOC主語+謂語系動詞不及物動詞及物動詞主系表

SVP

主謂

SVSentenceStructures句子結構

ExploringtherulesAlbertEinsteinsaid,“Ifyouwanttoliveahappylife,tieittoagoal.”(1)Iagree.Goalsareimportantinmanyways.(2)Settinggoalsgivesyouafocusinlife.Bysettinggoalsnow,youaredecidingwhatyouwanttoachieveinthefuture.Thenyouknowwhereyouaregoinginlifeandcanworkhardtogetthere.Settinggoalsalsohelpsyoudevelopgoodhabits.Torealizeyourgoals,youneedtohaveagoodplan,manageyourtimewellandpayattentiontodetails.Onthefirstdayofschool,MissYangaveashortspeechabouttheimportanceofsettinggoals.Payattentiontotheunderlinedsentencesandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.

(3)Thesehabitswillbehelpful.Finally,(4)settinggoalsmakesyoumoreconfident.Whenyouachieveagoal,youseetheresultofyourhardworkandknowhowmuchprogressyouhavemade.Agoalisadreamthatneedsaction.Asaresultofyouraction,yourdreamwillcometrueandhopefully(5)youwillliveahappylife.SubjectVerbIagree.SubjectVerbPredictiveSubject

VerbObjectSubjectVerbIndirectobjectDirectobjectSubjectVerbObjectObjectcomplement

Thesehabitswillbehelpful.Youwillliveahappylife.Settinggoalsgivesyouafocusinlife.Settinggoalsmakesyoumoreconfident.Sentencestructures

WorkingouttheRulesSubject+Verb(SV)Subject+Verb+Predicative(SVP)Subject+Verb+Object(SVO)Subject+Verb+Indirectobject+Directobject(SVOO)Subject+Verb+Object+Objectcomplement(SVOC)Rule1

Thesubjectandthe__________arenecessarypartsofasentence.verb1.You

willdiscover

yourpotential

whileyoudevelopasastudentandasaperson.2.Youwillfindyourselfgrowingintoawell-roundedindividual.Rule2:Atransitiveverbisalwaysfollowedbya(n)_________.Objectsareusually_______or___________._WorkingouttheRulesobjectnounspronounssubjectverbobjectFindthesubjectsandtheverbsofthefollowingsentences.1.Yourtimeandeffortatseniorhighschoolwillopen

thedoortoyourpotential.

2.Thepathbeforeyouleadstoaworldfullofchallenges.3.Potentialcanbedevelopedwhenyoutryhardenough.WorkingouttheRulesSubjectVerbSubjectVerbSubjectVerbRule3:Someverbscanhavetwoobjects.

Theindirectobjectusuallyreferstoapersonandthedirectobjectathing.S+V+IO+DOSettinggoalsgivesyou

afocusinlife.MyEnglishteacherBengaveme

apresentformyhardwork.WorkingouttheRulesPractice1.Brainstorm.Whatverbshavewelearnedthatcantaketwoobjects? ?sb.sth.2.MakesentencesusingS+V+IO+DOstructure.e.g.Swimmingintheseainthesummergivesmeafeelingofrelaxation.

givebuypassoffertelllendbakemailsendtakesellbringshowwriteS+V+O+OCDoyourbestandmakeusproud.Rule4:Theobjectcomplementaddsmoreinformationabouttheobject.objectcomplementWorkingouttheRulesCompletethefollowingsentenceswithproperobjectcomplements.

1.Shefeltsomething_______onherskin.2.Justinenamedhisgrandson________.3.Myclassmatespaintedthebackwall_______.4.Mydaughterimaginedherself_________inamountainvillage.5.Ourparentsencouragedus_____________atschool.climbingMaxwhitelivingtostudyhardPracticeWeuseanadverbialtoshow

when

(adverbialoftime),where(adverbialofplace)orhow(adverbialofmanner)anactionisdone.Eg.We(carefully)watchedourchemistryteacherdoanexperiment[withtubes][inthelab][lastweek].AdverbialshowhowwherewhenFindouttheadverbials.1.Putsimply,potentialisyournaturalability.2.Torealizeyourgoal,youneedtohaveagoodplan,manageyourtimewellandpayattentiontodetails.3.Whenyouachieveagoal,youseetheresultofyourhardwork.PracticeGroupworkWorkingroupsandmakeoutatestpaperaimedattestingtheabilityofdividingthesentenceelements.5minuteswillbegiven.Youcanuseyourdictionarytohelpyou.Example1:PaperDesigner:Group1Pleasedividetheelementsofthefollowingsentences.1.Yourschoolwork

willbe

morechallenging.2.Listeningtomusic

makes

me

relaxed.2024/12/1SVPSVOC

1.Weathermattersagreatdeal.()2.Schoolmealsarefreshandhealthy.()3.Ourschooloffersstudentsabalanceddiet.()4.Abalanceddietkeepsthebodyhealthy.()5.Studentshavefreshfruitandvegetables.()

PracticeC.Matchthesentencesbelowwiththecorrectstructures.a.SV b.SVPc.SVO d.SVOO

e.SVOC f.SVA g.SVOAfbdec6.AmylikeswatchingEnglishfilmsverymuch.()7.Englishlearningisinteresting,meaningfulandpractical.()8.FocusingonusingEnglishmakesEnglishlearningmoreeffective.()9.Thespeechbegan.()10.SheacquiresagoodknowledgeofEnglish.()

C.Matchthesentencebelowwiththecorrectstructures.gbeaca.SV b.SVPc.SVO d.SVOO

e.SVOC f.SVA g.SVOAPractice

ApplyingtheRulesB1Markthedifferentel