5年（20172021）中考1年模擬英語(yǔ)試題分項(xiàng)詳解（上海專用）專題04句型轉(zhuǎn)換(解析版)一、2021年四、改寫句子32．Mydeskmateborrowedsomebooksfromthelibraryatnoon.（改為否定句）Mydeskmate________________anybooksfromthelibraryatnoon.【答案】didn’tborrow【詳解】句意：我的同桌中午從圖書館借了一些書。由“borrowed”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形。故填didn’t；borrow。33．DoctorWuMengchaosavedalotofpatients’lives.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Alotofpatients’lives________byDoctorWuMengchao.【答案】weresaved【詳解】句意：吳醫(yī)生挽救了很多病人的生命。此處改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，saved是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)alotofpatients'lives是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填weresaved。34．Johniswonderinghowhecankeepthebalancebetweenworkandplay.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）Johniswondering________________keepthebalancebetweenworkandplay.【答案】howto【詳解】句意：約翰想知道他怎樣才能在工作和娛樂(lè)之間保持平衡。原句是賓語(yǔ)從句，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”的簡(jiǎn)單句結(jié)構(gòu)，原句引導(dǎo)詞是how，改寫后的疑問(wèn)詞也用how，且轉(zhuǎn)換句空格后是動(dòng)詞原形。故填how；to。35．“HaveyouvisitedtheNationalBookExpo?”Lindaaskedme.（改為間接引語(yǔ)）Lindaaskedme________I________visitedtheNationalBookExpo.【答案】whether#ifhad【詳解】句意：琳達(dá)問(wèn)我是否參觀過(guò)國(guó)家書展。此處直接引語(yǔ)“HaveyouvisitedtheNationalBookExpo?”是一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，用whether/if引導(dǎo)，直接引語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填whether/if；had。五、劃線部分提問(wèn)36．Thegovernmenthasspent10millionyuanimprovingthewaterquality.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________hasthegovernmentspentimprovingthewaterquality?【答案】Howmuch【詳解】句意：政府已花費(fèi)1000萬(wàn)元改善水質(zhì)。劃線部分“10millionyuan”表示金錢數(shù)額，此處問(wèn)花了多少錢要用howmuch提問(wèn)，放句首首字母要大寫。故填How；much。六、同義句轉(zhuǎn)化37．Ihadagoodtimeintheoceanparkthedaybeforeyesterday.（保持句意基本不變）I________intheoceanparkthedaybeforeyesterday.【答案】hadagreattime/hadanicetime/hadawonderfultime/enjoyedmyself/hadfun【詳解】句意：前天我在海洋公園玩得很開(kāi)心。haveagoodtime=haveagreat/nice/wonderfultime=enjoyoneself=havefun表示“玩得開(kāi)心”，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，oneself為myself。故填hadagreattime/hadanicetime/hadawonderfultime/enjoyedmyself/hadfun。七、將所給單詞連成句子38．a(chǎn)mealplan,themunity,make,fortheaged,istryingto（連詞成句）________________.【答案】Themunityistryingtomakeamealplanfortheaged【詳解】根據(jù)所給標(biāo)點(diǎn)可知，本句為陳述句。themunity社區(qū)，作主語(yǔ)，放句首首字母要大寫；istryingto正在努力，作謂語(yǔ)；makeamealplan制定膳食計(jì)劃，作賓語(yǔ)；fortheaged為老年人。故填Themunityistryingtomakeamealplanfortheaged“社區(qū)正在努力為老年人制定膳食計(jì)劃”。二、2020年62．ThemiddleschoolboycantelltraditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish．（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）_____themiddleschoolboy_____traditionalChinesestoriesinEnglish？63．Leehashelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproductssincehereturnedtohishometown.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）__________hasLeehelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproducts?64．Thevolunteerworkedhardtogetmorekidsbacktoschool．（改為感嘆句）__________thevolunteerworkedtogetmorekidsbacktoschool!65．The13yearoldonearmedbasketballplayerattractedalotoffans.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Alotoffans__________bythe13yearoldonearmedbasketballplayer.66．Juliadecidedtobeadoctorafterwatchingthenewsprogramme．（保持句意基本不變）Julia__________hermindtobeadoctorafterwatchingthenewsprogramme．67．"WilltheexhibitionbeheldinShanghai？"Oliviaaskedhersecretary．（改為間接引語(yǔ)）Oliviaaskedhersecretary_____theexhibition_____beheldinShanghai．68．belongsto，hardworking，intheend，students，success（連詞成句）_____62．【答案】Cantell【解析】句意：——這個(gè)中學(xué)生能用英語(yǔ)講中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)故事?！@個(gè)中學(xué)生能用英語(yǔ)講中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)故事嗎？考查一般疑問(wèn)句。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的句子變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，只需把can提至句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形tell（講述）。故答案為：Can，tell。63．【答案】Howlong【解析】句意：自從李回到家鄉(xiāng)后，他一直幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝虽N售他們的產(chǎn)品。畫線部分sincehereturnedtohishometown表示一段時(shí)間，疑問(wèn)詞用howlong；空格在句首，首字母大寫；故填Howlong。64．【答案】Howhard【解析】句意：這個(gè)志愿者努力工作讓更多的孩子重返學(xué)校。感嘆句可以用How+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！這里主語(yǔ)thevolunteer“志愿者”，謂語(yǔ)worked“工作”，副詞用hard“努力地”，用How引導(dǎo)。故填Howhard。65．【答案】wereattracted【解析】句意：這位13歲的獨(dú)臂籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員吸引了許多球迷。原句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were+過(guò)去分詞；主語(yǔ)fans復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用were；故填wereattracted。66．【答案】madeup【解析】句意：朱莉婭看完新聞節(jié)目后決定當(dāng)醫(yī)生。decideto＝makeupone'smind"決定…"固定搭配；由decided過(guò)去式，可知，一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用make的過(guò)去式made。故答案填madeup。67．【答案】ifwould【解析】句意：“展覽會(huì)將在上海舉行嗎？”；Olivia問(wèn)她的秘書展覽是否會(huì)在上海舉行。本題考查直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)，直接引語(yǔ)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)、一般疑問(wèn)句，用if"是否"引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，Oliviaaskedhersecretary是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以間接引語(yǔ)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)would+動(dòng)詞原形；故填if；would．68．【答案】Successbelongstohardworkingstudentsintheend．/Intheend，successbelongstohardworkingstudents．【解析】根據(jù)所給標(biāo)點(diǎn)可知應(yīng)用陳述句的形式，分析所給單詞，success做主語(yǔ)；belongsto作謂語(yǔ)，hardworkingstudents作賓語(yǔ)，intheend作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，位于句末或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)也可以位于句首。故答案為：Successbelongstohardworkingstudentsintheend．/Intheend，successbelongstohardworkingstudents．“成功最終屬于那些勤奮的學(xué)生”。三、2019年V.pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根據(jù)所給要求完成句子。6267小題每空格限填一詞）37.LucypractisestheviolinintheclubonFridayafternoons.（改為否定句）Lucy____________theviolinintheclubonFridayafternoons.38.MysisterwilltakepartintheChinesepoemcontestinafewdays.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）____________willyoursistertakepartintheChinesepoemcontest?39.Thegovernmentistakingactiontoimproveairquality.（保持句意不變）Thegovernmentistakingactionto______airquality________40.IhavenoideahowIcanoperatethenewwashingmachine.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）Ihavenoidea____________operatethenewwashingmachine.41.ThescientistsreleasedthepictureofablackholetotheworldonApril10.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Thepictureofablackhole____________totheworldbythescientistsonApril10.42.“AreyoufreetoetomyplacethisSaturday?”Aaronaskedme.（改為間接引語(yǔ)）Aaronaskedme____________freetogotohisplacethatSaturday.43.theirfuture，learn，teenagers，bythemselves，toplan，should（連詞成句）___________________________________________________________________________________【答案】37.(1).doesn't(2).practise38.(1).How(2).soon39.(1).make(2).better40.(1).how(2).to41.(1).was(2).released42.(1).if/whether(2).was43.Teenagersshouldlearntoplantheirfuturebythemselves.【解析】37.根據(jù)題意可知是變成否定句，這里是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是Lucy，變成否定句用借助助動(dòng)詞does+not+動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)題意，故填doesn'tpractise。38.劃線部分是inafewdays可知這里用howsoon來(lái)提問(wèn),howsoon提問(wèn)in+一段時(shí)間。根據(jù)題意，故填Howsoon。39.Thegovernmentistakingactiontoimproveairquality.意思是“政府正在采取措施改善空氣質(zhì)量。”make+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。makeairqualitybetter表示是我們的質(zhì)量更好。Takeactiontodosth.表示采取行動(dòng)去做某事。根據(jù)題意，故填make；better。40.IhavenoideahowIcanoperatethenewwashingmachine.意思是“我不知道如何操作這臺(tái)新洗衣機(jī)?！边@里是how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成疑問(wèn)詞+todo的形式。根據(jù)題意，故填howto。41.ThescientistsreleasedthepictureofablackholetotheworldonApril10.意思是“科學(xué)家們于10年4月10日向世界公布了一張黑洞的照片?！边@里是改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)是was/weredone的形式。主語(yǔ)是Thepictureofablackhole，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)was。根據(jù)題意，故填wasreleased。42.這里是改為間接引語(yǔ)，從句是一般疑問(wèn)句，要用疑問(wèn)詞if/whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)，主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)was。根據(jù)題意，故填if/whetherwas。43.Should+動(dòng)詞原形；learntodosth.表示學(xué)者去做某事；plantheirfuture表示計(jì)劃他們的未來(lái)；bythemselves靠某人自己。根據(jù)題意，故填Teenagersshouldlearntoplantheirfuturebythemselves.四、2018年V.pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired(據(jù)所給求完成句子。6267小題每空格限填一詞)(共14分)62.JohnwenttochurchwithhisbrotherlastSundaymorning.(改為否定句)John___________tochurchwithhisbrotherlastSundaymorning.63.Gracedoesonlineshoppingfourtimesamonth.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))___________doesGracedoonlineshopping?64.WewillholdaclassmeetingtotalkaboutteamworknextFriday(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Aclassmeetingwill___________totalkaboutteamworknextFriday.65.“Howareyougettingalongwithyournewroommate?"Franklinaskedme.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句)Franklinaskedme___________wasgettingalongwithmynewroommate.66.Keepworkinghard,andyouwillachievesuccess.(保持句意不變)___________keepworkinghard,youwillachievesuccess.67.Thesecretaryapologizedtothemanagerformakingthesamemistakeagain.(保持句意不變)Thesecretary___________tothemanagerformakingthesamemistakeagain.68.manyways,forus,are,tokeepintouch,there(連詞成句).___________________________________________________________________62.【答案】didn’tgo 【解析】原句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，改為否定句后助動(dòng)詞did提前，添加not表否定，went改回原形go。63.【答案】Howoften【解析】劃線部分fourtimesamonth，可知應(yīng)就頻率提問(wèn)。64.【答案】beheld【解析】原句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后使用be動(dòng)詞原形，hold改為過(guò)去分詞held。65.【答案】howI 【解析】原句為直接引語(yǔ)，改為間接引語(yǔ)后引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱要與主句中的賓語(yǔ)保持一致。而改人稱在從句中又作主語(yǔ)，故為howI。67.【答案】Ifyou 【解析】原句改為條件狀語(yǔ)從句，人稱保持一致，if放在前，后加you。68.【答案】saidsorryapologize=saysorry，【解析】原句為過(guò)去時(shí)，故為saidsorry。69.【答案】Therearemanywaysforustokeepintouch.【解析】句意為：我們有許多種聯(lián)系方式。五、2017年Ⅴ.pletethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根據(jù)所給要求完成句子．6267小題每空格限填一詞）（共14分）62．Theinventionofsmartphoneschangedtheworldinmanyways．（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）theinventionofsmartphonestheworldinmanyways？63．Thatamusementparkhaslotsoftouristsduringtheholiday．（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）thatamusementparkhavelotsoftourist？64．Thelocalgovernmentorganizesthefilmfestivaleveryautumn．（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Thefilmfestivalbythelocalgovernmenteveryautumn．65．Shared﹣bikesareverypopularinsomebigcities．（改為感嘆句）shared﹣bikesareinsomebigcities!66．"Haveyoueverbeeninahotairballoon？"Melissaaskedhermom．（改為賓語(yǔ)從句）Melissaaskedhermomsheeverbeeninahotairballoon．67．PM2.5doesharmtopeople'shealthandtheenvironment．（保持句意基本不變）PM2.5ispeople'shealthandtheenvironment．68．enables，variousinformation，theInternet，tocollect，teenagers（連詞成句）．62．【答案】Did；change【解析】句意：﹣﹣智能的發(fā)明在許多方面改變了世界．﹣﹣智能的發(fā)明在很多方面改變了世界嗎？考查一般疑問(wèn)句．由changed過(guò)去式，可知，原句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，變一般疑問(wèn)句在句首用助動(dòng)詞did，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變?cè)蝐hange．答案是Did；change．63．【答案】Whendoes【解析】句意：﹣﹣那個(gè)游樂(lè)園在假期期間有很多游客．﹣﹣那個(gè)游樂(lè)園什么時(shí)候有很多游客？考查劃線部分提問(wèn)．根據(jù)duringtheholiday在假期期間，可知，對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)用疑問(wèn)詞when什么時(shí)候，后跟一般疑問(wèn)句，含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞has，主語(yǔ)是amusementpark游樂(lè)園，單數(shù)，變一般疑問(wèn)句用助動(dòng)詞does．答案是Whendoes．64．【答案】isorganized【解析】句意：﹣﹣當(dāng)?shù)卣磕昵锾旖M織電影節(jié)．﹣﹣電影節(jié)每年秋天由當(dāng)?shù)卣M織．考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)．由organizes組織，第三人稱單數(shù)，可知是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是is/am/are+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞．主語(yǔ)是Thefilmfestival電影節(jié)，單數(shù)，因此用be動(dòng)詞單數(shù)is．organize的過(guò)去分詞是organized．答案是isorganized．65．【答案】Howpopular【解析】句意：﹣﹣共享自行車在一些大城市很受歡迎．﹣﹣在一些大城市共享自行車是多么受歡迎??！考查感嘆句．句意"﹣﹣共享自行車在一些大城市很受歡迎．﹣﹣在一些大城市共享自行車是多么受歡迎啊！"．感嘆句可以用how+形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它，或Whata/an+形容詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它，來(lái)表示，這里用how，形容詞用popular受歡迎的．答案是Howpopular．66．【答案】if；had【解析】句意：﹣﹣"你曾經(jīng)坐過(guò)熱氣球嗎？"梅利莎問(wèn)她媽媽．﹣﹣梅利莎問(wèn)她媽媽，是否她曾經(jīng)坐過(guò)熱氣球．考查賓語(yǔ)從句．直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，變賓語(yǔ)從句用if引導(dǎo)，意思是"是否"．直接引語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句中的從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，因此用助動(dòng)詞had．答案是if；had．67．【答案】harmfulto【解析】句意：﹣﹣PM2.5對(duì)人們的健康和環(huán)境有害．﹣﹣PM2.5有害于人們的健康和環(huán)境．考查同義句．"PM2.5對(duì)人們的健康和環(huán)境有害．"，可以表達(dá)為"PM2.5有害于人們的健康和環(huán)境．"，用beharmfultosb對(duì)某人有害，表示，答案是harmfulto．68．【答案】TheInternetenablesteenagerstocollectvariousinformation【解析】句意：因特網(wǎng)使青少年能夠收集各種信息．考查連詞成句．句意"因特網(wǎng)使青少年能夠收集各種信息．"．這是一個(gè)陳述句，主語(yǔ)是"TheInternet"因特網(wǎng)，表示特征．enablesbtodosth使某人能夠做某事．謂語(yǔ)是enables．sb用teenagers青少年代替．collectvariousinformation收集各種信息．答案是TheInternetenablesteenagerstocollectvariousinformation．六、寶山區(qū)一模四、改寫句子37．Thehomelesspeopleneedabigmealtoeatandawarmhousetolivein.（改為否定句）Thehomelesspeople______________abigmealtoeatandawarmhousetolivein.38．Mrs.Whitetoldustocloseallthewindowsbeforeweleftthelab.（改為反意疑問(wèn)句）Mrs.Whitetoldustocloseallthewindowsbeforeweleftthelab,________?39．“Willourlivesbebetterwithoutputers?”Joeyaskedme.（改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句）Joeyaskedme____________ourlives___________bebetterwithoutputers.40．Jackworkedsohardthathecouldcatchupwithothersinsuchashorttime.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）Jackworked____________tocatchupwithothersinsuchashorttime.五、劃線部分提問(wèn)41．Itisoneandahalfhours’drivefrommyhometoShanghaiDisneyland.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）_________________isitfromyourhometoShanghaiDisneyland?六、同義句轉(zhuǎn)化42．DidProfessorSmithstartanyhobbieswhenheretiredfromtheuniversity?（保持句意基本不變）DidProfessorSmith____________anyhobbieswhenheretiredfromtheuniversity?七、將所給單詞連成句子43．Jimmy,helping,teaches,parents,res