2025高考英語步步高大一輪復習講義人教版知識清單1Unit5TheValueofMoney1．ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth，aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread(熟詞生義：v.寫著)，“GiveWhatYouCan，TakeWhatYouNeed.”2．Peoplequicklycaughton(理解)．3．Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinning(show的復合結構：show＋賓語＋賓補)ittotheboard.4．Increasingly，peoplesaytheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatgivethemasenseofpurpose(意義感)．5．Surelyayogurtthathelpedtheneedywouldbeappealing(吸引人的)．appealingadj.吸引人的，有感染力的appealv．呼吁，懇求；上訴，申訴；有吸引力，引起興趣短語：appealto呼吁；吸引Weappealto(呼吁)everyonetodosomethingtohelpprotectourenvironment.Sporthasbecomeanimportantformofentertainment，appealingto(吸引)bothmenandwomen.appealn．呼吁；吸引力；申訴Thegovernmenthaslaunchedanappeal(呼吁)tothepublictoraisemoneyforthesickkid.6.ButJuntoswasafailure.(此處failure為可數名詞，意為“失敗的人或事物”)7．Theyremindedsometofocuson(remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事)the“purposefulandvaluable”aspectwhileothersweretoldto“enjoythemselves”andfocuson“delightandpleasure”．8．Theyfoundthatparticipantswhoprioritized(優先考慮)meaningpreferredthelessexpensiveproductwhencomparedwith(與……相比)peoplewhoputpleasureinthefirstplace.9．Instead，theywereoccupiedwith(忙于)whatelsetheycoulddowiththeirmoney.10．Iamallfor(befor贊成)peoplemakingwiseandstrategicfinancialchoices.11．Inexpensiveoptionsoftendonotlast(熟詞生義，此處為動詞，意為“持續”)aslongasthehigher-endones.12．Plus，thatspendingpatterncandogreaterdamageto(對……造成破壞)theenvironment.13．Afewyearsafterdroppingoutofcollege(輟學)andgettingmarried，shehadtwokidsandthuswasjustbusywithfamily，andthatcollegediplomaseemedfaraway.14．Nowagrandmotherof17，Joycesaidwhile(引導讓步狀語從句)shedidn’tthinkmuchaboutreturningtocollege，itwasalwaysawish.15．Withthehelpofheradultchildren，Joyce，whowastoooldtodrive(“too＋形容詞或副詞＋to＋動詞原形”結構，通常翻譯成“太……而不能……”)，begantakingonlineclassesusingacomputerforthefirsttime.16．“WangDao”isnotonlythenameofChenbutalsomeansinsistingon(堅持)thepathoftruth.17．ItvividlypresentsasceneinwhichChenwassoabsorbedin(全神貫注于)histranslationthathemadeanamusingmistake.18．“Theuniversitydecidedtomakethefilmtopromotethenoblecharacterofourlate(熟詞生義，此處意為“已故的”)headmaster，ChenWangdao，andwehopehispursuitforabrightfutureofChinacancontinuetoinspiretheyoungpeople，”saidQiuXin，PartyChiefofFudanUniversity.選擇性必修第二冊Unit1ScienceandScientists1．Herfamilyisfamousfor(因……而出名；befamousas作為……而出名)producingthreefamouswomenscientists，includinghertwosisters.2．Thecouplemadegreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofuraniumfission(鈾核裂變)，whichdrewglobalattention(吸引全球的關注)andearnedthemworldwidereputations(贏得世界聲譽)，alsomarkingamilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina’sexperimentalfissionphysics.3．Shepassedaway(去世)inBeijingin2011attheageof97，nearly20yearsafterQianSanqiang.4．Shededicatedherselfto(致力于……)science，livingasimplelife，alwaysnurturingyoungresearchersandmaintainingthehigheststandardsthatshehadalwaysvalued.(由and連接的三個并列的現在分詞短語作狀語；that引導定語從句修飾standards)5．Anti-mistingsprays(噴霧劑)areonewaytodealwith(處理)suchfogging.6．Anotherapproach(方法)istofixwithinthethingtobedemistedasetofelectricallypoweredheatingwires.approachn．方法；途徑；接近v．接近；靠近anapproachto...(做某事的)方法/途徑attheapproachof在快到……的時候beapproaching將要來臨7．Itsdemistingpropertiesarepowered(熟詞生義：驅動，推動)bysunlight.8．Goldactsas(充當)amediumintheheatingprocess.9．Thenetworkwillnowabsorbheatifleftinthesunshine.(狀語從句的省略)10．Glasscoated(熟詞生義：給……涂上)withMrHachler’sandDrPoulikakos’sinventionis，theyclaim，fourtimesmoreeffectiveatpreventingfogthananuncountedsurface.(倍數表達)11．Canyoudrawanimageofwhatyouthinkatypicaldayintheforestduringspringwouldlooklike?(what引導的賓語從句作介詞of的賓語)12．AsIwrappedupthepiece，therefollowedashortsilence(完全倒裝)beforeKatesaid...13．Sometimesall(此處為省略that的定語從句)weneedistouseourcreativityandtrydifferentmethodswhenfacingdifficulties(狀語從句的省略)．14．Ialsolearnedavaluableproblem-solvingskill，which(引導非限制性定語從句)Iappliedto(應用于)mydailylife.applyto...for...向……申請……apply...to...把……應用在……上；把……涂抹在……上applyoneselfto(doing)sth致力于/集中精力于……applicantn．申請人applicationn．申請；應用15．...24-year-oldAlexWongfoundhimselfstruggling(find＋賓語＋賓補)withhismentalhealth.16．Itwasduringthistimethat(強調句型)Wongfeltthatheneededtofindpurposeandmeaninginhislife...17．Helpingmyhomelessfriends(動名詞短語作主語)hasgivenmydaysnewmeaningandpurposeandmademerealizehowgoodlifecanbe(how引導賓語從句作realize的賓語)．Unit2BridgingCultures1．IhaveheardaboutthisplaceeversinceIgotmarried.(since引導時間狀語從句，主句謂語常用現在完成時)2．Iendedupvisiting(endupdoing最終做，結果……)itsixyearsafterbeingmarried.3．Anyway，Iwasallsettohaveavery“average”(熟詞生義：普通的，一般的)experienceinthesouthofItalyineverysensebutIwasinforasurprise.4．That’sbecauseIhavevisitedalotofamazingbeachesandislands.(because引導表語從句，意為“這是因為……”)5．Ifthere’sonecountrythat’ssoculturallypowerfulthat(如此……以至于……)everyonehastoexperienceitatleastonce，ithasgottobeItaly.so＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj./adv.,adj.＋an＋n.,many/much/few/little少＋n.))＋that從句6．Facedwith(過去分詞短語作狀語)manychallenges，heworkedtirelesslytodevelopchairskillsandconditioningthatmadehimmoreexplosive.7．AsIappliedtograduateschool，IknewIwouldplaywhereverIwasplanningtogo(wherever引導地點狀語從句)．8．UniversityofMichiganAdaptiveSportsandFitnesswasformedin2018toaddress(熟詞生義：解決)theinequitableaccesstophysicalactivityopportunities，competitiveandrecreational，forstudentswithdisabilitiesatUniversityofMichigan.9．TheBirdLanguageDiversitywebappwillhelpprovidea“birdseyeview”，ensuringvitalinformationissharedtoimproveworldwideconservation(現在分詞短語作狀語)．10．Withoutenoughsharingofinformation，thiscanaffect(影響)theeffectivenessofconservationmeasures.(1)beaffectedby受……的影響；被……感動beaffectedwith感染……疾病(2)effectn．作用；影響haveaneffecton對……產生影響11．Itisclassifiedas(被歸類為……)vulnerablespecies(易危物種)andcrosses108countriesinEurope，AsiaandnorthAfrica，whereatotalof(總共，總計)75officiallanguagesarespoken.12．...andisthereasonwhywe’reworkinghardtoimprovesciencecommunicationacrosslanguages.(why引導定語從句，修飾thereason)13．Myuniversityislocatedin(位于，坐落于)Moscow，thecapitalofRussia，whichisacitywithalonghistory.14．Thesecond(the＋瞬間名詞moment，minute，instant，second等，意為“一……就……”，相當于assoonas)Isteppedoutof(走出)theairport，Iimmediatelyfelthowcolditwasoutside.15．Igraduallyovercamethedifficultiesofstudyingabroadandcametoadjustto(適應)mynewenvironment.adjustv．調整，調節；適應，習慣adjust(oneself)tosth/doingsth(使自己)適應……；(使自己)習慣……Atfirst，Ifindithardtoadjustmyselftothenewclass.adjustmentn．調整；調節；適應adjustableadj.可調整的，可調節的16．Thefirstchallengewasthelanguagebarrier(語言障礙)．17．AfterlearningRussianinChina，Irealizedthatmyskillswerenowherenearenough(遠遠不夠)．18．Ticketsforconcertsandculturaleventsherearerelativelycheap，makingiteasytoenrichmylifeonweekends.(現在分詞短語作結果狀語；makeit＋adj.＋todo)Unit3FoodandCulture1．FrancoBergaminoislikeasurprise“hiddenrecipe”amongyoungpeopleinsouthwestChina’sChongqingMunicipality，where(where引導非限制性定語從句)the62-year-oldItalianchefruns(經營)adesserthousecalledMimosa(過去分詞短語作后置定語修飾adesserthouse)．2．Thedesserthouseserveswinejellywithgreenpeppercheese，jasminemousseandpeach-Oolongcake—fusion(融合)dessertsthatcombineItalianspecialtieswith(combineAwithB把A與B結合起來)localChineseingredients(原料)．3．In2016，hesettledinChongqingandsetup(建立，創立)adessertworkshop.4．Mimosa’sconsumersaremainlybetween25and35，agroupthatismorewillingto(bewillingtodo樂意做某事)tryoverseastastespartlydueto(因為，由于)China’scontinuedopeningtotheoutsideworld.5．“IhopeIcanliveto95andstillwork，”hesaid，sothat(引導目的狀語從句)hecan，besidesbringingauthenticItaliandessertstomorecustomershavingasweettooth...6．Here’sarecipeforagoodanimalrescuestory：Takeoneresidentialcreek(小溪)，addonelonedolphinandthenbringin28determined(adj.堅決的；有決心的；意志堅定的)biologists.bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事(表狀態)determinev．決定；查明；裁決determinetodosth決心做某事(表動作)determinationn．堅定；決心7．BiologistswithClearwaterMarineAquariumhadbeenmonitoring(過去完成進行時表示動作的持續)itsinceJan.1.8．ClearwaterMarineAquariumpartnered(熟詞生義：與……合作)withNOAAFisheriesandtheFloridaFish&WildlifeConservationCommissiontoguardthedolphintosafety.9．Thebiologistshadtostayshouldertoshoulder(肩并肩地)andnavigate[熟詞生義：小心翼翼地繞過(障礙)]treesanddockswithoutgivingthedolphinanopportunitytoslipby.10．Thehumanencouragementworked(奏效，起作用)，thoughtherewasamomentofuncertaintyas(as引導時間狀語從句)theteammembersneared(near此處用作動詞，意為：接近，靠近)thebridgeandweren’tsureifthedolphinwentthrough.(if引導賓語從句)11．Daysearlier，SarahBellamyhadreceivedamysteriousemailsaying(現在分詞作定語修飾email)that(that引導賓語從句作saying的賓語)awealthmanagementcompanywasinterestedindiscussingthefinancialcrisisofPenumbra.12．Asthisstorywenttopress，Scotthadjustdonatedherlatestmoneybomb(熟詞生義：很多錢)，revealinginlateMarchthatshe’dgivenaway(捐贈)$3.9billion.13．TheWentianlabmodulewaslaunchedfromtheWenchangspacebase(n.基地)onthetropicalislandprovinceofHainanwithalargecrowdofamateurphotographersandspaceloverswatching(with復合結構作伴隨狀語)．base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……為根據bebasedon/upon以……為根據(基礎)basisn．原因；基礎onadaily/regularbasis每天/定期basicadj.基本的；基礎的14．After13hoursofflight，itsuccessfully(adv.成功地；n.success；v.succeed；adj.successful)docked(對接)withtheTiangongstation’smainTianhelivingmoduleat3：13a．m.15．TheWentianwasdesignedfor(為……而設計)scienceandbiologyexperiments，anditsfeatureisthat(that引導表語從句)the23-tonlabmodulewasheavierthananyothersingle-modulespacecraftcurrentlyinspace.(1)bedesignedfor.../todosth為……而設計/旨在做……(2)bydesign(＝onpurpose)故意地，蓄意地byaccident/bychance偶然地16．China’sspaceprogramlauncheditsfirstastronautintoorbitin2003，makingitonlythethirdcountrytodosoonitsown.(不定式作后置定語修飾thethirdcountry)(1)當中心詞是序數詞或中心詞被序數詞、形容詞最高級等修飾時或前有thenext，theonly，thelast等時，常用不定式作后置定語。(2)一些抽象名詞常用動詞不定式作后置定語，常見的抽象名詞有：ability，chance，ambition，attempt，belief等。Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand1．Thewalkingtour，whichcovers(行走一段路程)1.2milesataleisurelypace，focuseson(集中注意力于；特別關注)theneighborhoodlocated(過去分詞作定語)undertheSydneyHarbourBridge.cover一詞多義v．覆蓋；夠付(費用)；行走(一段路程)；涉及；報道；掩飾n．封皮2．Plus，youcanseetheshorelineofSydneyCoveaswellas(和；還)viewsofSydneyOperaHouse.(1)aswellas“既……又……”，可連接兩個平行結構(2)aswellas連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的數與前面的主語保持一致3．Childrenmustbeaccompaniedby(由……陪伴)anadult.4．Itinstructedmetoturnrightoncemore.Witheveryturn，thestreetnarrowed(熟詞生義：變狹窄)．5．Thenewroadwasevennarrower，thewallssocloseyoufeelhardtoholdyourbreath(屏住呼吸)．takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣outofbreath上氣不接下氣6．Thedrivergestured(熟詞生義：打手勢)，telling(現在分詞作伴隨狀語)meI’llhavetomakeway.7．Ididn’thavethenerve(熟詞生義：勇氣)tobackupalongtheimpossiblynarrowroad.8．Fooddesertsaregenerallyclassifiedasgeographicregionswherepeoplehavefeworlimitedoptionstopurchasenutritiousandaffordable(負擔得起的)foodslikevegetablesandfruits.動詞加后綴-able可以構成形容詞，如：available可用的，可獲得的；comfortable令人舒適的；remarkable引人注目的，非凡的；considerable相當大的，相當重要的；acceptable可接受的；sustainable可持續的；drinkable可飲用的；adjustable可調整的；reasonable有道理的，合情理的；favorable有利的；贊成的；valuable值錢的，貴重的；reliable可靠的，可信賴的，等等。9．Urbanareaslackingaccessto(接觸/使用權)freshfoodsaregenerallydividedbyracialandeconomiclines.have/gain/getaccessto有接近/使用……的機會或權利beaccessibleto……是可以接近/使用的10．...alackofaccesstoavehicleandlimited(adj.有限的；v.&n．limit限制n．limitation限制，局限)ornonexistentpublictransportationcontributeto(導致)foodaccessibilitychallenges.contributeto為……做貢獻；有助于；促成contribute...to...為……捐款；向……投稿makeacontribution/contributionsto(doing)sth為(做)某事做出貢獻11．Evenpublicutility(設施)challenges，likepoorlymaintainedroads，canpreventbigcompaniesfrom(阻止……)settingupshopsinneighborhoodsthatmostneedtheirgoodsandservices，accordingtoHarvardBusinessReview.12．There，youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired(adj.受到鼓舞的；adj.inspiring鼓舞人心的；n.inspiration靈感)！(find＋賓語＋賓補)13．Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts，industrialinnovationsandanythingthat(先行詞為不定代詞，只能由that引導定語從句)inspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.14．Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrento(讓某人接觸……)knowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.15．Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhich(“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句)visitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Unit5FirstAid1．Takingabriefmomenttoseekhelpisoftenthebestfirstresponse(n.回應；v.respond對……作出回應，與to連用)．2．Butbeforeanambulancecangettothescene，theimmediatefirstaidattendancetoanyonewho(who引導的定語從句修飾anyone)isinjuredseriouslymakesadifference(有影響，起作用)betweenlifeanddeath.3．Thisisacoursedesignedtoprovide(過去分詞短語作后置定語)awidevarietyof(多種多樣的)healthcareprofessionalswiththeabilitytorecognizeseverallife-threateningemergencies...4．Inconv