一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料(高中)PAGEPAGE1選修八Unit1AlandofdiversityⅠ.完形填空(2020·廣東省深圳市高級(jí)中學(xué)高三年級(jí)模考)IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream,whichmeantajob,amortgage(按揭),creditcards,andsuccess.Iwanteditandworkedtowarditlikeeveryoneelse,allofus1.Achasingthesamething.Oneyear,throughaseriesofunhappyevents,itallfell2.B.Ifoundmyselfhomelessand3.C.Ihadmytruckand$56.I4.DthecountrysideforsomeplaceIcouldrentforthe5.Dpossibleamount.IcameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroadoverthePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.Itwas6.B，fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.Ifoundtheowner,rentedit,and7.Cacornertocampin.Thelocalsknewnothingaboutme,8.Aslowly,theystartedteachingmethe9.Dofbeinganeighbor.Theydroppedoffblankets,candles,andtools,andbeganstickingaroundto10.A.Theystartedtoteachmeabeliefina11.CAmericanDream—nottheoneofindividualachievementbutof12.A.WhatIhadbelievedin,allthosethingsIthoughtwere13.Dforacivilizedlife,werenonexistentinthisplace.Uponthe14.A，mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy15.Bwithmyneighbors.Fouryearslater,Imovedbackinto16.C.Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime,17.Btheirjobsandhomes.Imanagedtorentabigenoughhouseto18.Cahandfulofpeople.Therearefourofusnowinthehouse,butovertimeI'vehadninepeoplecomeinandmoveontootherplaces.We'dallbein19.Bifwehadn'tbandedtogether.TheAmericanDreamIbelieveinnowisasharedone.It'snotsomuchaboutwhatIcangetformyself;it'sabout20.Dwecanallsurvivetogether.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。敘述了作者在美國的生活經(jīng)歷，以及他對(duì)美國夢(mèng)的理解的前后變化。一開始作者認(rèn)為在美國就會(huì)有銀行卡、工作和房子。但是在美國經(jīng)歷了一系列不愉快的事件后，作者的美國夢(mèng)想破碎了。作者在山上找了一座破舊的房屋租住。他從鄰居那里學(xué)到了美國夢(mèng)是大家團(tuán)結(jié)起來共同實(shí)現(xiàn)的。1．A.separately B．equallyC．violently D．naturally〖解析〗考查副詞和上下文的呼應(yīng)。separately“分別地；各自地”；equally“同樣地；平等地”；violently“猛烈地；激烈地”；naturally“自然地”。根據(jù)前文的“l(fā)ikeeveryoneelse”向每個(gè)其他人一樣，我們每個(gè)人也都在做。句意：我們各自在追逐同樣的事情。故選A。2．A.off B．a(chǎn)partC．over D．out〖解析〗考查形容詞和上下文的呼應(yīng)。off“遠(yuǎn)離的”；apart“分離的”；over“在上面的”；out“外面的”。根據(jù)后文的“Ifoundmyselfhomeless”可知我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己孤獨(dú)。此處說自己原來的夢(mèng)想破碎了，崩潰了。句意：有一年，在經(jīng)歷了一系列不愉快的事件后，它完全崩潰了。故選B。3．A.awesome B．pricelessC．a(chǎn)lone D．passionate〖解析〗awesome“可怕的”；priceless“無價(jià)的”；alone“單獨(dú)的；獨(dú)自一人”；passionate“有激情的”。可知我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己孤獨(dú)，此處說自己原來的夢(mèng)想破碎了，崩潰了。故C項(xiàng)正確。4．A.crossed B．leftC．toured D．searched〖解析〗crossed“穿過”；left“離開”；toured“旅行”；searched“搜索”。根據(jù)后文的“forsomeplaceIcouldrent”可知作者在鄉(xiāng)村尋找可以租住的地方。search...for...“搜……為了找……”。句意：我在鄉(xiāng)村搜尋我可以租住的地方。故選D。5．A.fullest B．largestC．fairest D．cheapest〖解析〗fullest“完全的；滿的”；largest“最大的”；fairest“公平的”；cheapest“最便宜的”。根據(jù)前文的“Ihadmytruckand$56.”可知作者只有一輛卡車和56美元，可見他沒太多的錢，因此他要租便宜的房子。故此處用形容詞cheapest。句意：我要租住盡可能最便宜的地方。故選D。6．A.occupied B．a(chǎn)bandonedC．emptied D．robbed〖解析〗occupied“占用”；abandoned“放棄的，廢棄的”；emptied“倒空”；robbed“搶劫”。根據(jù)后文的“fullofbrokenglassandrubbish”可知這座房子是被廢棄的。句意：它被廢棄了。故選B。7．A.turned B．a(chǎn)pproachedC．cleared D．cut〖解析〗turned“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)”；approached“接近”；cleared“清除”；cut“剪”。根據(jù)后文的“tocampin”可知作者為了能扎營住在這里，因此清理了一下。句意：為了能住進(jìn)去，我清理了一個(gè)角落。故選C。8．A.but B．a(chǎn)lthoughC．otherwise D．for〖解析〗but“但是”；although“盡管”；otherwise“否則”；for“因?yàn)椤薄８鶕?jù)前文的“knewnothingaboutme”和后文的“slowly,theystartedteachingme”可知其他人開始時(shí)不了解他，后來教他一些東西，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用連詞but。句意：當(dāng)?shù)厝藢?duì)我不了解，但是慢慢地開始教會(huì)我一些東西。故選A。9．A.benefit B．lessonC．nature D．a(chǎn)rt〖解析〗benefit“利益；好處”；lesson“教訓(xùn)；課”；nature“自然”；art“藝術(shù)；道理”。根據(jù)前文的“theystartedteachingme”可知他們教我一些道理。句意：慢慢地他們開始教我做鄰居的道理。故選D。10．A.chat B．fightC．struggle D．perform〖解析〗chat“聊天”；fight“戰(zhàn)斗”；struggle“斗爭；努力”；perform“表演”。句意：他們帶來一些毯子，蠟燭和工具，停下來和我聊天。故選A。11．A.wild B．realC．different D．remote〖解析〗wild“野生的”；real“真實(shí)的”；different“不同的”；remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的；偏僻的”。根據(jù)前文的“IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream,whichmeantajob,amortgage(按揭),creditcards,success.”可知他過去的美國夢(mèng)想是成功的，而現(xiàn)在沒有房子和工作，是失敗的，與想象的不一樣，句意：他們開始教會(huì)我一種對(duì)美國夢(mèng)想不同的信念。故選C。12．A.neighborliness B．happinessC．friendliness D．kindness〖解析〗neighborliness“親切；友善”；happiness“幸福”；friendliness“友好”；kindness“善良”。根據(jù)前文的“ofbeinganeighbor”可知作為鄰居的理論，可知此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)鄰居的重要性。句意：美國的夢(mèng)想不是個(gè)人的成就而是鄰居共同的成就。故選A。13．A.unique B．expensiveC．rare D．necessary〖解析〗unique“獨(dú)特的；唯一的”；expensive“昂貴的”；rare“稀有的”；necessary“必要的”。根據(jù)后文的“werenonexistentinthisplace”可知以前以為必要的東西，在這個(gè)地方不存在。句意：所有我原以為必要的東西在這個(gè)地方不存在。故選D。14．A.mountain B．downtownC．river D．countryside〖解析〗mountain“山”；downtown“市中心”；river“河流”；countryside“農(nóng)村”。根據(jù)上文“IcameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroadoverthePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.”可知此處應(yīng)是上山。句意：我最有價(jià)值的東西是在山上。故選A。15．A.cooperation B．relationshipsC．satisfaction D．a(chǎn)ppointments〖解析〗cooperation“合作”；relationships“關(guān)系”；satisfaction“滿意”；appointments“約定”。根據(jù)前文的“Theydroppedoffblankets,candles,andtools,andbeganstickingaroundto10.”可知作者與鄰居的關(guān)系好。故此處用relationships。句意：我最有價(jià)值的財(cái)富就是與鄰居的關(guān)系。故選B。16．A.reality B．societyC．town D．life〖解析〗reality“現(xiàn)實(shí)”；society“社會(huì)”；town“城鎮(zhèn)”；life“生活”。根據(jù)前文的“Imovedbackinto”可知作者從山上搬回了城里。句意：四年后，我搬回了城里。故選C。17．A.creating B．losingC．quitting D．finding〖解析〗creating“創(chuàng)造”；losing“失去；損失”；quitting“放棄”；offering“提供”。根據(jù)前文的“Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime”可知這里的許多人過著艱難的生活，此處應(yīng)是失去工作，才能體現(xiàn)生活困難。句意：我看見許多人生活艱難，失去了工作和家園。故選B。18．A.putin B．turninC．takein D．getin〖解析〗putin“提出”；turnin“上交”；takein“吸收；上當(dāng)；容納”；getin“收獲”。根據(jù)前文的“rentabigenoughhouseto”可知作者租了一間大的房子是為了能容納一些人。句意：我租下了一個(gè)足夠大的房子為了容納一些人。故選C。19．A.yards B．sheltersC．camps D．cottages〖解析〗y(tǒng)ards“院子”；shelters“避難所”；camps“營地”；cottages“村舍”。根據(jù)后文的“ifwehadn'tbandedtogether...”可知我們?nèi)绻粓F(tuán)結(jié)起來就會(huì)沒有地方住，只待在避難所。句意：如果我們不團(tuán)結(jié)起來，我們就會(huì)待在避難所。故選B。20．A.when B．whatC．whether D．how〖解析〗when“何時(shí)”；what“什么”；whether“是否”；how“如何”。根據(jù)后面的“wecanallsurvivetogether(我們一起生活)”和文章意思，大家一起共同團(tuán)結(jié)的生活，才能解決困難，這是說生活的方式，故此處用代詞how。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2020·太原市三模)GrowingupinanItalian-Americanhouseholdwas,forme,prettyspecial.Mymother,Gina,animmigrantfromItaly,heldontosomanyofherfamily'straditionsthatattimes,regardlessofthefactthatIwaslivinginAmerica,ourhomefeltlikeinItaly.Tothisday,mymotheronlyspeakstomeinItalian.ShemayspeakinsomeEnglishtermsandexpressionsfromtimetotime,butourconversationsare,forthemostpart,inhermothertongue.Andmostofthoseconversationsareaboutfood.Forus,food—Italianfoodisanimportantpartofourlives.Thefoodmymotherpreparedformeandmysisteraschildrenisthesamefoodasmygrandmothercreatedinhersmallfarmkitchenhighupinthemountains.Oneofmyfamily'sdishesofheritageIamsuretolearnandperfectismymother'sarancinidiriso(Italianriceballs).Arancini,inItalian,meanslittleoranges.Afteryourollsomeoverriceintoasmallball,placeapieceofmozzarella(莫澤雷勒干酪)inthecenter,thenbreadthatandfryit,thegoldenoutsideresemblesoneofourfavoritefruits.Formyfamily,italsoshowcasedmymother'sabilitytoalwaysfindadeliciouswaytoneverletanythinggotowaste:Lastnight'sgoodricewasrepurposedintothisperfectmid-daysnackordinnerorappetizer.So,whenItakeaperfectlittlearancinioutofthehotoilandcrackitopen,Iamimmediatelytransportedbacktomychildhood:Iamalittlegirlgettingoffthebusandrunningthroughthebackdoortothesmelloflastnight'sricetransformedintosticky,delicategoodness.Thissmallsnacksymbolizessomanyimportantelementsinmylife:mymother'swaste-notphilosophy,herabilitytotakeafewsimpleingredientsandtransformthem,andfinally,thewayshecarriedhermother'srecipestotheU.S.inhermindandheartsoshecould,yearslater,teachmeaboutmyheritagethroughfood.Eatingarancini,andalltheotherrecipesmymothercontinuedtomakehereintheU.S.afterleavingItaly,allowedhertoteachmewhoIam,whereIcomefrom,andwhyIshouldbeproudofitall.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一個(gè)意大利裔美國人，母親特意用意大利語教會(huì)作者做意大利飯團(tuán)，繼承了作者家里的小吃食品傳統(tǒng)，讓作者充分理解自我，為自己所做的事而自豪。1．Whatmakestheauthor'shomefeellikeinItaly？DA．Fruitandsnacks. B．Neighborsandfriends.C．Namesandholidays. D．Foodandlanguage.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前三句“Tothisday，mymotheronlyspeakstomeinItalian.ShemayspeakinsomeEnglishtermsandexpressionsfromtimetotime，butourconversationsare，forthemostpart，inhermothertongue.Andmostofthoseconversationsareaboutfood.”可知，母親用意大利母語與我談?wù)撘獯罄澄锏氖虑椤９蔇選項(xiàng)正確。2．Whyistheauthorsuretolearnandperfectarancinidiriso？CA.Itsavesvaluablefoodfromgoingtowaste.B．Itremindstheauthorofherdaysatschool.C．Itplaysamajorroleincontinuingfamilytradition.D．Itshowcasesthecookingskillsoftheauthor'smother.〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Oneofmyfamily'sdishesofheritageIamsuretolearnandperfectismymother'sarancinidiriso(Italianriceballs)．”和最后一句“Formyfamily，italsoshowcasedmymother'sabilitytoalwaysfindadeliciouswaytoneverletanythinggotowaste...ordinnerorappetizer.”可以判斷，作者一定把家里的意大利傳統(tǒng)食品繼承下來，贊揚(yáng)了母親從來不浪費(fèi)的傳統(tǒng)美德，也展示了母親把剩米飯改做成可口的小吃的能力。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“goodness”inparagraph4referto？AA．Arancinidiriso. B．Mother'skindness.C．TheItalianlanguage. D．Amazingcookingskills.〖解析〗詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的“Thissmallsnacksymbolizessomanyimportantelements”可知goodness是指Thissmallsnack，即“arancinidiriso(Italianriceballs)”。故A選項(xiàng)正確。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout？BA.Whylearningtocookisimportantforamother.B．Howthefamilyheritageistaughtthroughfood.C．Howchildhoodexperienceschangeone'slife.D．Whymothersareimportantinchildren'seducation.〖解析〗主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了作者生在異鄉(xiāng)，母親讓她用剩米飯學(xué)做意大利家庭傳統(tǒng)小吃，繼承了母親節(jié)約糧食的美德，從而讓作者認(rèn)識(shí)自我。從文章第一段中的“manyofherfamily'straditions”，第三段中的“Oneofmyfamily'sdishesofheritage”的關(guān)鍵詞也能提煉文章的主旨大意。B(2021·安徽省合肥一中等六校教育研究會(huì)第二次聯(lián)考)TheAmericandreamisthefaithheldbymanypeopleintheUnitedStatesofAmericathatthroughhardwork,courage,creativityanddetermination,theycanachieveabetterlifeforthemselves.Morespecifically,theyagreeonhowtogetaheadinAmerica:getacollegeeducation,findareliablejob,andbuytheirownhouse.ButdoAmericansstillbelieveinthatpath,andiftheydo,isitattainable?ThemostrecentNationalJournalpollaskedparticipantsabouttheAmericandream,whatittakestoachievetheirgoal,andwhetherornottheyfeltthecontrolovertheirabilitytobesuccessful.Obviously,theresultsshowthattoday,theideaoftheAmericandreamandwhatittakestoachieveitlooksquitedifferentfromitdidinthelate20thcentury.Generallyspeaking,peoplefeltthattheiractionsandhardworknotoutsideforcedecidingtheirlives.Buttheparticipantshaddefinitelymixedfeelingsaboutwhatactionsmakeforabetterlifeinthecurrenteconomy.Inthelastsevenyears,Americanshavegrownmorepessimistic(悲觀的)aboutthepowerofeducationtoleadtosuccess.Eventhoughtheyseegoingtocollegeasafairlyachievablegoal,amajority52percentthinkthatyoungpeopledonotneeda4-yearcollegeeducationinordertobesuccessful.MiguelMaeda,42,whohasamaster'sdegreeandworksinpublichealth,wasthefirstinhisfamilytogotocollege,whichhasallowedhimtoachieveasenseoffinancialstability(穩(wěn)定)hisparentsandgrandparentsneverdid.Whilesome,likeMaeda,emphasizedthevalueofdegreeratherthantheeducationitself,othersstillseecollegeasawaytogainnewviewpointsandlifeexperiences.ToFendley,asenseofdriveandpurpose,aswellasaneffectivehigh-schooleducation,andbasiclifeskills,likebalancingacheckbook(支票簿),arethenecessaryelementsforasuccessfullifeinAmerica.文章大意：這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。美國《國家期刊》最近的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于美國夢(mèng)的民意調(diào)查表明在過去的幾十年里，美國人的美國夢(mèng)的理念和實(shí)現(xiàn)它所需要的因素發(fā)生了變化。他們認(rèn)為大學(xué)教育在取得成功中所起的作用不再像過去那樣重要了。5．ItusedtobecommonlyacknowledgedthattosucceedinAmerica,onehadtohaveB.A．a(chǎn)senseofdriveandpurposeB．a(chǎn)nadvancedacademicdegreeC．a(chǎn)firmbeliefintheirdreamD．a(chǎn)nambitiontogetahead〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Morespecifically,theyagreeonhowtogetaheadinAmerica:getacollegeeducation,findareliablejob,andbuytheirownhouse.”可知，更具體地說，他們就如何在美國獲得成功達(dá)成了一致的意見：接受大學(xué)教育，找到一份穩(wěn)定的工作，買他們自己的房子。所以過去人們普遍認(rèn)為，要想在美國取得成功，就必須有高學(xué)位。故B選項(xiàng)正確。6．WhatisthefindingofthelatestNationalJournalpollconcerningtheAmericandream？DA．MoreandmoreAmericansarefindingithardtorealize.B．ItremainsaliveamongthemajorityofAmericanpeople.C．AnincreasingnumberofyoungAmericansareabandoningit.D．Americans'ideaofithaschangedoverthepastfewdecades.〖解析〗推理判斷題。由第二段“theresultsshowthattoday,theideaoftheAmericandreamandwhatittakestoachieveitlooksquitedifferentfromitdidinthelate20thcentury.”可知，顯然，結(jié)果表明，今天美國夢(mèng)的理念和實(shí)現(xiàn)它所需要的因素看起來與20世紀(jì)晚期有很大的不同。所以判斷出《國家期刊》關(guān)于美國夢(mèng)的最新調(diào)查結(jié)果表明在過去的幾十年里，美國人的美國夢(mèng)的理念和實(shí)現(xiàn)它所需要的因素發(fā)生了變化。故D選項(xiàng)正確。7．WhatdoAmericansnowthinkoftheroleofcollegeeducationinachievingsuccess？DA．Itstillremainsopentodebate.B．Ithasprovedtobebeyonddoubt.C．Itismuchbetterunderstoodnowthanever.D．Itisnolongerasimportantasitusedtobe.〖解析〗推理判斷題。由第三段“Inthelastsevenyears,Americanshavegrownmorepessimistic(悲觀的)aboutthepowerofeducationtoleadtosuccess.Eventhoughtheyseegoingtocollegeasafairlyachievablegoal,amajority52percentthinkthatyoungpeopledonotneeda4-yearcollegeeducationinordertobesuccessful.”可知，在過去的七年里，美國人對(duì)教育決定成功越來越悲觀。盡管他們認(rèn)為上大學(xué)是一個(gè)相當(dāng)容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，但是52%的人認(rèn)為年輕人不需要四年的大學(xué)教育就能成功。所以判斷出美國人認(rèn)為大學(xué)教育在取得成功中所起的作用不再像過去那樣重要了。故D選項(xiàng)正確。8．Howdosomepeopleviewcollegeeducationthesedays？AA．Ithelpsbroadentheirminds.B．Itneedstobestrengthened.C．Itwidensculturaldiversity.D．Itpromotesgenderequality.〖解析〗推理判斷題。由最后一段“Whilesome,likeMaeda,emphasizedthevalueofdegreeratherthantheeducationitself,othersstillseecollegeasawaytogainnewviewpointsandlifeexperiences.”可知，雖然像Maeda這樣的一些人強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)位的價(jià)值而不是教育本身的價(jià)值，但其他人仍然把大學(xué)視為獲得新觀點(diǎn)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)的一種方式。所以判斷出，現(xiàn)在一些人認(rèn)為大學(xué)教育有助于開闊他們的視野。故A選項(xiàng)正確。Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)(2021·江西贛中南五校第一次聯(lián)考)DearPeter，I'mverygladtoreceiveyoure-mailaskingforinformationaboutthehostfamilywehavearrangedyoutostaywith.Locatinginabeautifulandquietneighborhood,thehousewasbigenoughtoenableyoutohavearoomofyourown.Apartfromtheconvenientpublictransportation,ourprivatecarwillmakeyourvisiteasy.BecauseallthefamilymemberscanspeakfluentlyEnglishandhaveoutgoingpersonalities,I'msureyouwillhavenotroublecommunicatewiththem.Aboveall,theyhostedtheAmericanstudentlastyear,throughthattheygainedlotsofexperience.Inadditionto,thehostesscookingwillguaranteeyouawonderfulchanceoftastingdeliciousChinesefood.Hopeyouenjoyyourstaythere.Yours，LiHua〖答案〗DearPeter，I'mverygladtoreceiveyoure-mailaskingforinformationaboutthehostfamilywehavearrangedeq\o(∧,\s\do8(for))youtostaywith.eq\o(Locating,\s\do8(Located))inabeautifulandquietneighborhood,thehouseeq\o(was,\s\do8(is))bigenoughtoenableyoutohavearoomofyourown.Apartfromtheconvenientpublictransportation,eq\o(our,\s\do8(their))privatecarwillmakeyourvisiteasy.Becauseallthefamilymemberscanspeakeq\o(fluently,\s\do8(fluent))Englishandhaveoutgoingpersonalities,I'msureyouwillhavenotroubleeq\o(communicate,\s\do8(communicating))withthem.Aboveall,theyhostedeq\o(the,\s\do8(an))Americanstudentlastyear,througheq\o(that,\s\do8(which))theygainedlotsofexperience.Inadditionto,theeq\o(hostess,\s\do8(hostess'))cookingwillguaranteeyouawonderfulchanceoftastingdeliciousChinesefood.Hopeyouenjoyyourstaythere.Yours，LiHua〖解析〗1．考查固定句式。arrangeforsb.todosth.意為“安排某人做某事”，為固定搭配。故在you前加for。2．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。belocatedin...意為“坐落于……”，為固定短語，在句中作狀語。故將Locating改為Located。3．考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處是在介紹這個(gè)家庭的基本情況，表示客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故將was改為is。4．考查代詞。文章是“我”在為Peter介紹他所要寄宿的家庭的情況，與下文中的“them”相照應(yīng)。故將our改為their。5．考查形容詞。修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞，故用形容詞fluent作定語修飾English。故將fluently改為fluent。6．考查固定句式。havenotrouble(in)doingsth.意為“做某事沒有困難”，為固定搭配，故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語。故將communicate改為communicating。7．考查冠詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞，又因American的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭。故將the改為an。8．考查定語從句。在定語從句中，介詞后跟關(guān)系代詞which/whom。結(jié)合語境可知，關(guān)系詞表示前面整件事。故將that改為which。9．考查介詞。由語境可知，此處應(yīng)用Inaddition表示“此外”，故將介詞to刪除。inadditionto為介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語，不可單獨(dú)使用。10．考查名詞所有格。這里指女主人的廚藝，應(yīng)用名詞所有格。故將hostess改為hostess'。選修八Unit1AlandofdiversityⅠ.完形填空(2020·廣東省深圳市高級(jí)中學(xué)高三年級(jí)模考)IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream,whichmeantajob,amortgage(按揭),creditcards,andsuccess.Iwanteditandworkedtowarditlikeeveryoneelse,allofus1.Achasingthesamething.Oneyear,throughaseriesofunhappyevents,itallfell2.B.Ifoundmyselfhomelessand3.C.Ihadmytruckand$56.I4.DthecountrysideforsomeplaceIcouldrentforthe5.Dpossibleamount.IcameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroadoverthePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.Itwas6.B，fullofbrokenglassandrubbish.Ifoundtheowner,rentedit,and7.Cacornertocampin.Thelocalsknewnothingaboutme,8.Aslowly,theystartedteachingmethe9.Dofbeinganeighbor.Theydroppedoffblankets,candles,andtools,andbeganstickingaroundto10.A.Theystartedtoteachmeabeliefina11.CAmericanDream—nottheoneofindividualachievementbutof12.A.WhatIhadbelievedin,allthosethingsIthoughtwere13.Dforacivilizedlife,werenonexistentinthisplace.Uponthe14.A，mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy15.Bwithmyneighbors.Fouryearslater,Imovedbackinto16.C.Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime,17.Btheirjobsandhomes.Imanagedtorentabigenoughhouseto18.Cahandfulofpeople.Therearefourofusnowinthehouse,butovertimeI'vehadninepeoplecomeinandmoveontootherplaces.We'dallbein19.Bifwehadn'tbandedtogether.TheAmericanDreamIbelieveinnowisasharedone.It'snotsomuchaboutwhatIcangetformyself;it'sabout20.Dwecanallsurvivetogether.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。敘述了作者在美國的生活經(jīng)歷，以及他對(duì)美國夢(mèng)的理解的前后變化。一開始作者認(rèn)為在美國就會(huì)有銀行卡、工作和房子。但是在美國經(jīng)歷了一系列不愉快的事件后，作者的美國夢(mèng)想破碎了。作者在山上找了一座破舊的房屋租住。他從鄰居那里學(xué)到了美國夢(mèng)是大家團(tuán)結(jié)起來共同實(shí)現(xiàn)的。1．A.separately B．equallyC．violently D．naturally〖解析〗考查副詞和上下文的呼應(yīng)。separately“分別地；各自地”；equally“同樣地；平等地”；violently“猛烈地；激烈地”；naturally“自然地”。根據(jù)前文的“l(fā)ikeeveryoneelse”向每個(gè)其他人一樣，我們每個(gè)人也都在做。句意：我們各自在追逐同樣的事情。故選A。2．A.off B．a(chǎn)partC．over D．out〖解析〗考查形容詞和上下文的呼應(yīng)。off“遠(yuǎn)離的”；apart“分離的”；over“在上面的”；out“外面的”。根據(jù)后文的“Ifoundmyselfhomeless”可知我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己孤獨(dú)。此處說自己原來的夢(mèng)想破碎了，崩潰了。句意：有一年，在經(jīng)歷了一系列不愉快的事件后，它完全崩潰了。故選B。3．A.awesome B．pricelessC．a(chǎn)lone D．passionate〖解析〗awesome“可怕的”；priceless“無價(jià)的”；alone“單獨(dú)的；獨(dú)自一人”；passionate“有激情的”。可知我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己孤獨(dú)，此處說自己原來的夢(mèng)想破碎了，崩潰了。故C項(xiàng)正確。4．A.crossed B．leftC．toured D．searched〖解析〗crossed“穿過”；left“離開”；toured“旅行”；searched“搜索”。根據(jù)后文的“forsomeplaceIcouldrent”可知作者在鄉(xiāng)村尋找可以租住的地方。search...for...“搜……為了找……”。句意：我在鄉(xiāng)村搜尋我可以租住的地方。故選D。5．A.fullest B．largestC．fairest D．cheapest〖解析〗fullest“完全的；滿的”；largest“最大的”；fairest“公平的”；cheapest“最便宜的”。根據(jù)前文的“Ihadmytruckand$56.”可知作者只有一輛卡車和56美元，可見他沒太多的錢，因此他要租便宜的房子。故此處用形容詞cheapest。句意：我要租住盡可能最便宜的地方。故選D。6．A.occupied B．a(chǎn)bandonedC．emptied D．robbed〖解析〗occupied“占用”；abandoned“放棄的，廢棄的”；emptied“倒空”；robbed“搶劫”。根據(jù)后文的“fullofbrokenglassandrubbish”可知這座房子是被廢棄的。句意：它被廢棄了。故選B。7．A.turned B．a(chǎn)pproachedC．cleared D．cut〖解析〗turned“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)”；approached“接近”；cleared“清除”；cut“剪”。根據(jù)后文的“tocampin”可知作者為了能扎營住在這里，因此清理了一下。句意：為了能住進(jìn)去，我清理了一個(gè)角落。故選C。8．A.but B．a(chǎn)lthoughC．otherwise D．for〖解析〗but“但是”；although“盡管”；otherwise“否則”；for“因?yàn)椤薄８鶕?jù)前文的“knewnothingaboutme”和后文的“slowly,theystartedteachingme”可知其他人開始時(shí)不了解他，后來教他一些東西，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用連詞but。句意：當(dāng)?shù)厝藢?duì)我不了解，但是慢慢地開始教會(huì)我一些東西。故選A。9．A.benefit B．lessonC．nature D．a(chǎn)rt〖解析〗benefit“利益；好處”；lesson“教訓(xùn)；課”；nature“自然”；art“藝術(shù)；道理”。根據(jù)前文的“theystartedteachingme”可知他們教我一些道理。句意：慢慢地他們開始教我做鄰居的道理。故選D。10．A.chat B．fightC．struggle D．perform〖解析〗chat“聊天”；fight“戰(zhàn)斗”；struggle“斗爭；努力”；perform“表演”。句意：他們帶來一些毯子，蠟燭和工具，停下來和我聊天。故選A。11．A.wild B．realC．different D．remote〖解析〗wild“野生的”；real“真實(shí)的”；different“不同的”；remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的；偏僻的”。根據(jù)前文的“IusedtobelieveintheAmericanDream,whichmeantajob,amortgage(按揭),creditcards,success.”可知他過去的美國夢(mèng)想是成功的，而現(xiàn)在沒有房子和工作，是失敗的，與想象的不一樣，句意：他們開始教會(huì)我一種對(duì)美國夢(mèng)想不同的信念。故選C。12．A.neighborliness B．happinessC．friendliness D．kindness〖解析〗neighborliness“親切；友善”；happiness“幸福”；friendliness“友好”；kindness“善良”。根據(jù)前文的“ofbeinganeighbor”可知作為鄰居的理論，可知此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)鄰居的重要性。句意：美國的夢(mèng)想不是個(gè)人的成就而是鄰居共同的成就。故選A。13．A.unique B．expensiveC．rare D．necessary〖解析〗unique“獨(dú)特的；唯一的”；expensive“昂貴的”；rare“稀有的”；necessary“必要的”。根據(jù)后文的“werenonexistentinthisplace”可知以前以為必要的東西，在這個(gè)地方不存在。句意：所有我原以為必要的東西在這個(gè)地方不存在。故選D。14．A.mountain B．downtownC．river D．countryside〖解析〗mountain“山”；downtown“市中心”；river“河流”；countryside“農(nóng)村”。根據(jù)上文“IcameuponashabbyhousefourmilesupawindingmountainroadoverthePotomacRiverinWestVirginia.”可知此處應(yīng)是上山。句意：我最有價(jià)值的東西是在山上。故選A。15．A.cooperation B．relationshipsC．satisfaction D．a(chǎn)ppointments〖解析〗cooperation“合作”；relationships“關(guān)系”；satisfaction“滿意”；appointments“約定”。根據(jù)前文的“Theydroppedoffblankets,candles,andtools,andbeganstickingaroundto10.”可知作者與鄰居的關(guān)系好。故此處用relationships。句意：我最有價(jià)值的財(cái)富就是與鄰居的關(guān)系。故選B。16．A.reality B．societyC．town D．life〖解析〗reality“現(xiàn)實(shí)”；society“社會(huì)”；town“城鎮(zhèn)”；life“生活”。根據(jù)前文的“Imovedbackinto”可知作者從山上搬回了城里。句意：四年后，我搬回了城里。故選C。17．A.creating B．losingC．quitting D．finding〖解析〗creating“創(chuàng)造”；losing“失去；損失”；quitting“放棄”；offering“提供”。根據(jù)前文的“Isawmanypeoplewerehavingareallyhardtime”可知這里的許多人過著艱難的生活，此處應(yīng)是失去工作，才能體現(xiàn)生活困難。句意：我看見許多人生活艱難，失去了工作和家園。故選B。18．A.putin B．turninC．takein D．getin〖解析〗putin“提出”；turnin“上交”；takein“吸收；上當(dāng)；容納”；getin“收獲”。根據(jù)前文的“rentabigenoughhouseto”可知作者租了一間大的房子是為了能容納一些人。句意：我租下了一個(gè)足夠大的房子為了容納一些人。故選C。19．A.yards B．sheltersC．camps D．cottages〖解析〗y(tǒng)ards“院子”；shelters“避難所”；camps“營地”；cottages“村舍”。根據(jù)后文的“ifwehadn'tbandedtogether...”可知我們?nèi)绻粓F(tuán)結(jié)起來就會(huì)沒有地方住，只待在避難所。句意：如果我們不團(tuán)結(jié)起來，我們就會(huì)待在避難所。故選B。20．A.when B．whatC．whether D．how〖解析〗when“何時(shí)”；what“什么”；whether“是否”；how“如何”。根據(jù)后面的“wecanallsurvivetogether(我們一起生活)”和文章意思，大家一起共同團(tuán)結(jié)的生活，才能解決困難，這是說生活的方式，故此處用代詞how。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2020·太原市三模)GrowingupinanItalian-Americanhouseholdwas,forme,prettyspecial.Mymother,Gina,animmigrantfromItaly,heldontosomanyofherfamily'straditionsthatattimes,regardlessofthefactthatIwaslivinginAmerica,ourhomefeltlikeinItaly.Tothisday,mymotheronlyspeakstomeinItalian.ShemayspeakinsomeEnglishtermsandexpressionsfromtimetotime,butourconversationsare,forthemostpart,inhermothertongue.Andmostofthoseconversationsareaboutfood.Forus,food—Italianfoodisanimportantpartofourlives.Thefoodmymotherpreparedformeandmysisteraschildrenisthesamefoodasmygrandmothercreatedinhersmallfarmkitchenhighupinthemountains.Oneofmyfamily'sdishesofheritageIamsuretolearnandperfectismymother'sarancinidiriso(Italianriceballs).Arancini,inItalian,meanslittleoranges.Afteryourollsomeoverriceintoasmallball,placeapieceofmozzarella(莫澤雷勒干酪)inthecenter,thenbreadthatandfryit,thegoldenoutsideresemblesoneofourfavoritefruits.Formyfamily,italsoshowcasedmymother'sabilitytoalwaysfindadeliciouswaytoneverletanythinggotowaste:Lastnight'sgoodricewasrepurposedintothisperfectmid-daysnackordinnerorappetizer.So,whenItakeaperfectlittlearancinioutofthehotoilandcrackitopen,Iamimmediatelytransportedbacktomychildhood:Iamalittlegirlgettingoffthebusandrunningthroughthebackdoortothesmelloflastnight'sricetransformedintosticky,delicategoodness.Thissmallsnacksymbolizessomanyimportantelementsinmylife:mymother'swaste-notphilosophy,herabilitytotakeafewsimpleingredientsandtransformthem,andfinally,thewayshecarriedhermother'srecipestotheU.S.inhermindandheartsoshecould,yearslater,teachmeaboutmyheritagethroughfood.Eatingarancini,andalltheotherrecipesmymothercontinuedtomakehereintheU.S.afterleavingItaly,allowedhertoteachmewhoIam,whereIcomefrom,andwhyIshouldbeproudofitall.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一個(gè)意大利裔美國人，母親特意用意大利語教會(huì)作者做意大利飯團(tuán)，繼承了作者家里的小吃食品傳統(tǒng)，讓作者充分理解自我，為自己所做的事而自豪。1．Whatmakestheauthor'shomefeellikeinItaly？DA．Fruitandsnacks. B．Neighborsandfriends.C．Namesandholidays. D．Foodandlanguage.〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前三句“Tothisday，mymotheronlyspeakstomeinItalian.ShemayspeakinsomeEnglishtermsandexpressionsfromtimetotime，butourconversationsare，forthemostpart，inhermothertongue.Andmostofthoseconversationsareaboutfood.”可知，母親用意大利母語與我談?wù)撘獯罄澄锏氖虑椤９蔇選項(xiàng)正確。2．Whyistheauthorsuretolearnandperfectarancinidiriso？CA.Itsavesvaluablefoodfromgoingtowaste.B．Itremindstheauthorofherdaysatschool.C．Itplaysamajorroleincontinuingfamilytradition.D．Itshowcasesthecookingskillsoftheauthor'smother.〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Oneofmyfamily'sdishesofheritageIamsuretolearnandperfectismymother'sarancinidiriso(Italianriceballs)．”和最后一句“Formyfamily，italsoshowcasedmymother'sabilitytoalwaysfindadeliciouswaytoneverletanythinggotowaste...ordinnerorappetizer.”可以判斷，作者一定把家里的意大利傳統(tǒng)食品繼承下來，贊揚(yáng)了母親從來不浪費(fèi)的傳統(tǒng)美德，也展示了母親把剩米飯改做成可口的小吃的能力。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“goodness”inparagraph4referto？AA．Arancinidiriso. B．Mother'skindness.C．TheItalianlanguage. D．Amazingcookingskills.〖解析〗詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的“Thissmallsnacksymbolizessomanyimportantelements”可知goodness是指Thissmallsnack，即“arancinidiriso(Italianriceballs)”。故A選項(xiàng)正確。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout？BA.Whylearningtocookisimportantforamother.B．Howthefamilyheritageistaughtthroughfood.C．Howchildhoodexperienceschangeone'slife.D．Whymothersareimportantinchildren'seducation.〖解析〗主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了作者生在異鄉(xiāng)，母親讓她用剩米飯學(xué)做意大利家庭傳統(tǒng)小吃，繼承了母親節(jié)約糧食的美德，從而讓作者認(rèn)識(shí)自我。從文章第一段中的“manyofherfamily'straditions”，第三段中的“Oneofmyfamily'sdishesofheritage”的關(guān)鍵詞也能提煉文章的主旨大意。B(2021·安徽省合肥一中等六校教育研究會(huì)第二次聯(lián)考)TheAmericandreamisthefaithheldbymanypeopleintheUnitedStatesofAmericathatthroughhardwork,courage,creativityanddetermination,theycanachieveabetterlifeforthemselves.Morespecifically,theyagreeonhowtogetaheadinAmerica:getacollegeeducation,findareliablejob,andbuytheirownhouse.ButdoAmericansstillbelieveinthatpath,andiftheydo,isitattainable?ThemostrecentNationalJournalpollaskedparticipantsabouttheAmericandream,whatittakestoachievetheirgoal,andwhetherornottheyfeltthecontrolovertheirabilitytobesuccessful.Obviously,theresultsshowthattoday,theideaoftheAmericandreamandwhatittakestoachieveitlooksquitedifferentfromitdidinthelate20thcentury.Generallyspeaking,peoplefeltthattheiractionsandhardworknotoutsideforcedecidingtheirlives.Buttheparticipantshaddefinitelymixedfeelingsaboutwhatactionsmakeforabetterlifeinthecurrenteconomy.Inthelastsevenyears,Americanshavegrownmorepessimistic(悲觀的)aboutthepowerofeducationtoleadtosuccess.Even