語法（句法篇）專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)與訓(xùn)練（廣州教科版專版）PartI專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)考察點(diǎn)：語法題通常從語法和語義兩個(gè)層面考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)的綜合能力。句法：陳述句、疑問句（一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反義疑問句）、祈使句，感嘆句。（※易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：反義疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)突破（一）祈使句概念：祈使句是常用于表達(dá)\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等語氣的句子。1.\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"肯定句的祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)(1)be+形容詞例：Bequiet.請(qǐng)安靜。(2)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分例：Openthedoor,please.請(qǐng)開門。(3)let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他例：Let'sgoswimming.讓我們?nèi)ビ斡景桑?.\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"否定句的祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)(1)Don't+動(dòng)詞原形例：Don'teatonthebus..不要在公車上吃東西。(2)Let型的否定式有兩種：“Don't+let+賓語+\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分”“Let+賓語+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分”。例：Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。(3)用\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"否定副詞never構(gòu)成，以加強(qiáng)否定含義例：Nevergiveup!永不言棄！(4)No+名詞/v-ing例：No

\t"/item/%E7%A5%88%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%A5/_blank"smoking.禁止吸煙。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)專練/Ex1/句子翻譯。1.請(qǐng)合上書本。_____________________________________________________________2.請(qǐng)保持教室潔凈的。_____________________________________________________________3.上學(xué)不要遲到。_____________________________________________________________4.禁止拍照。_____________________________________________________________5.我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍桑____________________________________________________________6.讓他待在那兒。_____________________________________________________________7.別讓他把書拿走。_____________________________________________________________8.禁止交談。_____________________________________________________________易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)突破（二）反義疑問句概念：反意疑問句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問句組成。其中附加疑問句是對(duì)陳述句所說的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)提出疑問，起證實(shí)作用，一般用于證實(shí)說話者所說的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)。結(jié)構(gòu)：“肯定陳述+否定疑問”或“否定陳述+肯定疑問”。原則：前肯后否，前否后肯。注意：簡略問句如果是否定式，not應(yīng)與be，do，will等系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞縮寫。簡略問句的主語不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱代詞。用法：1.祈使句的反意疑問句用willyou,但以let’s開頭的用shallweLookattheblackboard,willyou?Let'sgohome,shallwe?2.陳述部分是Iam或I’m時(shí)，疑問部分用aren’tIIamadoctor,aren’tI?3.陳述部分有l(wèi)ittle,few,never,hardly,seldom,no,nothing,nobody,noone,none,neither等表示否定意義的詞時(shí)，其反意疑問句用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。Thereislittletimeleft,isthere？4.陳述部分主語是this,that,these,those時(shí)，疑問部分主語用,it,theyThisisaplane,isn'tit?Theseareapples，aren'tthey?Heisneverlateforschool,ishe?5.陳述部分是therebe句型時(shí)，其反意疑問句中要用there。Therewasahospitalhere,wasn'tthere?6.陳述部分的主語是everything,nothing,anything或something時(shí)，反意疑問句的主語應(yīng)用代詞it。Somethingiswrongwithmyradio,isn'tit?7.陳述部分的主語是everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,noone,none,neither時(shí),其反意疑問句的主語需用代詞they,he。Everyoneishere,aren'tthey?Someonehastakentheseat,hasn’the?

8.陳述部分含有have時(shí)，當(dāng)have意為“有”；附加部分用have或do的相關(guān)形式；當(dāng)have意為“吃”；附加部分用do的相關(guān)形式。Shehasacar,hasn’t/doesn’tshe?Shehadaquickbreakfast,didn’tshe?易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)專練/Ex2/請(qǐng)完成下列反義疑問句。1.Lilyisagoodgirl,____________________________?2.Jennyisn’tateacher,__________________________?3.It’safindday,______________________________?4.Thedogisn’tsleeping,____________________________?5.Iamfriendly,_______________________________?6.Iamnothandsome,__________________________?7.Youaregoodatdrawing,____________________________?8.Theyaren’tfromJapan,______________________________?9.Everyoneishere,____________________________?10.Nothingiswrong,_____________________________?11.Thereisapenonthedesk,______________________________?12.Therearefivepeopleinyourfamily,____________________________?13.Youlikeapples,___________________________?14.Youdon’tlikeapples,___________________________?15.TinacomesfromAmerica,_____________________________?16.Juliedoesn’thavebreakfast,____________________________?17.Hehadabigmeal,______________________________?18.Lilyhadabighouse,___________________________?19.Openthedoor,____________________________?20.Let’sgotothecinema,______________________________?易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)突破（三）感嘆句概念：感嘆句，是指帶有\(zhòng)t"/item/%E6%84%9F%E5%8F%B9%E5%8F%A5/_blank"強(qiáng)烈的感情的句子，它表示快樂、驚訝、激動(dòng)、憤怒等強(qiáng)烈的感情。感嘆句分為兩種，一種以what引導(dǎo)，一種以how引導(dǎo)。句尾用感嘆號(hào)“！”。1.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（1）what+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）Whatacleverboyheis!他是多么聰明的一個(gè)男孩啊！Whataninterestingstoryitis!這是一個(gè)多么有趣的故事啊！（2）what+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么美的花啊！Whatterribleweatheritis!這是多么糟糕的天氣啊！2.how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（1）How+形容詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）Howclevertheboyis！這個(gè)男孩多么聰明啊！（2）How+副詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）Howheavilyitisraining!雨正下得多大啊！易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)專練/Ex3/選擇題。1.___________fineweatheritis!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How2.___________coolcaritis!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How3.____________noisythebigcityis!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How4.____________happilytheyareplaying!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How5.____________cutechildrentheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How6.____________cutethesechildrenare!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How7.____________fastheruns!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How8.____________goodnewsitis!A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How綜合訓(xùn)練一.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.TheywillspendtheirholidayinAmerica.(畫線部分提問)_________________________they____________theirholiday?2.Lilyarrivedattheairportat10p.m.(畫線部分提問)_________________________Lily___________attheairport?3.Jennyloveseatingcookies.(改為否定句)Jenny__________________________eatingcookies.4.Weoftenplaybasketball.(改為一般疑問句并作否定回答)---________________________often_____________basketball？---____________,we____________.5.Theboysareskating.(畫線部分提問)____________________theboys____________?6.Theworkersbuiltastonebridgeovertheriver.(改為否定句)Theworkers____________________astonebridgeovertheriver.7.Lily’sfatheristallandstrong..(畫線部分提問)_______________________Lily’sfather____________like?8.Youmuststayathome.(改為一般疑問句)_______________________stayathome?9.Hecan’thearanything.(改為肯定句)He_______________________everything.10.Thereissomemilkinthebottle.(改為否定句)There_______________________milkinthebottle.二.翻譯句子。1.Lily有點(diǎn)害羞。___________________________________________________________________2.她盡力贏得一等獎(jiǎng)。___________________________________________________________________3.她不害怕獨(dú)自外出。___________________________________________________________________4.我周末不待在家里。___________________________________________________________________5.Tina不上班。___________________________________________________________________6.你晚上跟我們一起吃飯嗎？___________________________________________________________________7.你們昨天去動(dòng)物園了嗎？___________________________________________________________________8.你媽媽每天都早起嗎？___________________________________________________________________9.他不會(huì)畫畫，對(duì)吧？___________________________________________________________________10.今天是個(gè)陽光明媚的日子，對(duì)吧？___________________________________________________________________11.請(qǐng)幫我遞些鹽給我。___________________________________________________________________12.多么美好的一個(gè)世界呀！___________________________________________________________________13.她是多么幸福的一個(gè)女孩呀！____________________________________________________________________14.多么強(qiáng)大的中國呀！_____________________________________________________________________15.多好的主意呀！_____________________________________________________________________參考答案/Ex1/1.Pleaseclosethebook.2.Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.3.Don’tbelateforschool.4.Nophotos.5.Let’sgotothecinema.6.Lethimstaythere.7.Don’tlethimtakeawaythebook.8.Notalking./Ex2/1.isn’tshe2.isshe3.isn’tit4.isit5.aren’tI6.amI7.aren’tyou8.arethey9.isn’the/aren’tthey10.isit11.isn’tthere12.aren’tthere13.don’tyou14.doyou15.doesn’t