江西省臨川市第一中學高三(最后沖刺)新高考英語試卷及答案解析_第1頁
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江西省臨川市第一中學高三(最后沖刺)新高考英語試卷注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號和座位號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(B)填涂在答題卡相應位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角"條形碼粘貼處"。2.作答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答,答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區域內相應位置上;如需改動,先劃掉原來的答案,然后再寫上新答案;不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結束后,請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分(共20小題,每小題1.5分,滿分30分)1.Oneisexpectedtobehave_________onsomespecialoccasions.A.accurately B.precisely C.appropriately D.rightly2.-Mike,ourteamwillplayagainsttheRocketsthisweekend.Iamsurewewillwin.-________!A.Congratulations B.CheersC.Bestwishes D.Goodluck3.—It______________toplanttreesandgrassonthehillside.—Yes.Theyhelpstopsoilfrombeingwashedaway.A.makessense B.makesmoneyC.makesaliving D.makesamistakes4.—Whataboutwatchingaballetshowthisevening?—Thanksforinvitingme,butballetisn’treally______.A.theappleofmyeye B.myfeetofclayC.mycupoftea D.thesaltoftheearth5.--Whataboutthetwoofusgoingdowntown?--___________.Ihatespendingtimehangingaround.A.Thatsuitsmefine B.WhynotC.Itdependsontheweather D.Well,that'sthelastthingIwilldo6.—Howabouthisdesign?—Well,totellthetruth,itis______butsatisfactory.Soyou’llhavetotryyourbesttobetterit.A.something B.anythingC.everything D.nothing7.Takingdrugshasbecomepartofeverysport_________athletesseektoachievebeyondtheirnaturallimits.A.which B.that C.who D.where8.—Don'tputthewasteontheground,youngman.—Oh,I'msorry.I______thedustbinthere.A.hadn'tseen

B.haven’tseen

C.didn'tsee

D.wasn'tseeing9.Weallsighedwith________reliefwhen________planefinallylandedsafely.A.a;/ B./;theC.a;a D.a;the10.TherecentlyreleasedfilmKong:SkullIslandsuccessfully________theaudiencetotheadventurewithDolby3-Dtechnology.A.transportsB.adjustsC.transformsD.relates11.Parentsneedtoencouragekidstodeveloptheirpotential_____puttingtoomuchpressureonthem.A.withoutB.besidesC.byD.for12.–Excuseme,sir,didn’tyouseetheredlight?–Sorry,mymind________somewhereelse.A.hasbeenwandering B.waswanderedC.waswandering D.hasbeenwandered13.一Didyouforgetyourpromise,dear?一Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkontime,mom.A.Excuseme. B.Surely.C.Whynot? D.HowcouldI?14.—Igotbeateninthefirstroundinthecontest.Iamfeelingdepressed.—Cheerup!Youhaveto________yourself________tohavethelastlaugh.A.open;upB.pick;upC.knock;upD.do;up15.—I’mburntoutasI’vebeenworkingonmyessayallthetime.—____________.You’llsurelymakeit.A.Don’tputonairs B.GivemeabreakC.Don’tgetonmynerve D.Hanginthere16.Itseemslatetosayanything.Weprobably______itifwehadmadeanoffersooner.A.wouldhavegot B.wouldgetC.hadgot D.got17.Wefirmlybelievethat______thenewexaminationsystemcomesintoexistence,completelynewsituationswillarise.A.consideringB.supposedC.providingD.given18.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.I__________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.A.studied B.study C.wasstudying D.hadstudied19.TheGamesareknownasthefriendlygamesbecauseoftheir________onkindnessandmutualrespect.A.lacks B.focusesC.challenges D.researches20.Simplyraiseyourhand,andataxiappears________A.atnotimeB.atonetimeC.innotimeD.forthetimebeing第二部分閱讀理解(滿分40分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。21.(6分)Thesecrettolivinglongercouldbeassimpleaspickingupyourwalkingpace,accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofSydneyfoundthatwalkingatabrisk(快的)orfastpacewasassociatedwithariskreductionof24percentforanycauseofdeath.Thiseffectwasevenmoreobviousinolderagegroup,withfastwalkersovertheageof60reducingtheirriskofdeathbyasurprising53percent.ProfessorEmmanuelStamatakis,wholedthestudy,explained,“Afastpaceisgenerallyfivetosixkilometersperhour,butitreallydependsonawalker’sfitnesslevels;analternativesindicatoristowalkatapacethatmakesyouslightlyoutofbreathorsweaty.”Inthestudy,theresearcherslookedattheresultsof11surveysfrom134to2008,inwhichparticipantsrecordedtheirwalkingpace,aswellasage,sexandBMI.Theanalysisshowedthatwalkingatanaveragepacewasassociatedwitha20percentriskreductionforall-causemortality(死亡率)comparedwithwalkingataslowpace,whilewalkingatabriskorfastpacewasassociatedwithariskreductionof24percent.Theresearchershopethefindingswillencouragethedevelopmentofpublichealthmessageaboutthebenefitsofwalkingpace.ProfessorStamatakisadded,“Theseanalysessuggestthatincreasingwalkingpacemaybeastraightforwardwayforpeopletoimprovehearthealthandriskforprematuremortality---providingasimplemessageforpublichealthcampaignstopromote.“Especiallyinsituationswhenwalkingmoreisn’tpossibleduetotimepressuresoralesswalking-friendlyenvironment,walkingfastermaybeagoodoptiontogettheheartrateup---onethatmostpeoplecaneasilyaddtotheirlives.”1、Whobenefitmostfromwalkingfast?A.Cancersufferers. B.Theelderly.C.Thosewhohaveheartproblems. D.ThosewhohavehighBMI.2、WhatdecideshowfastapersoncanwalkaccordingtoProfessorStamatakis?A.His/Herfitnesslevels. B.His/Herages.C.His/Herwill. D.His/HerBMI.3、Whycanwalkingfastreducedeathrate?A.Mostpeoplelikedoingit. B.Itbenefitstheheart.C.Itreducescancermortality. D.Mostpeoplecandoiteasily.4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Walkingiseasyexerciseforpeopletodo.B.Walkinghasreceivedlittleattentionuntilnow.C.Moreandmorepeoplearewalkingfastforhealth.D.Afastwalkingpacecanbenefitpeople’shealth.22.(8分)Thebristleconepineisthelongest-livingthingontheearth.Thesetrees,withtheirstrangely-shaped,wind-beatenlimbs(枝干),canliveupto5,000years.Butexpertsworrythatawarmingclimateinsomeareasmaythreatenitsfuture.Researcherssaywarmerweatherispermittingasimilarkindoftree,thelimberpine,totakeovergoodgrowingplacesfromtheancientbristlecone.Theysaythetreeisbeingcrowdedoutofmountainousareaswhereitgrows.“Thebristleconepineistheoldestindividuallygrowingorganism,”researcherssay.TheygrowinhighmountainforestsineasternCalifornia,NevadaandUtah.Inthosemountains,thetreesfacehighwindsandextremetemperatures,whichleavethemwithtwistedlimbsandshapes.“Eveninsuchtoughconditions,”BrianSmithers,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,said,“thelimberpineistakingallthegoodspots.”Thelimberpineisthebristlecone’sdistantrelativeandcompetitor.Itcanalsolivealongtime——upto2,000years.Anditisusuallyfoundatloweraltitudes,wheretemperaturesarewarmer.However,accordingtoathree-yearstudywhichcenteredontreesthathavestartedgrowinginthelast50yearsinCalifornia’sWhiteMountains,mostofthetreesgrowingathigheraltitudeswerelimberpines.Scientistscomparedthecompetingspeciestotwoo1dmeninaveryslowraceupamountainside.Thisracebetweensuchslow-growingtreestakesthousandsofyears.Theysayclimatechangeiscausingthecompetition.Smitherssaidthebristleconepinesarenotindangerofdisappearing.Butheassumestheycouldbecrowdedoutofsomeplaceswheretheyhavegrownforthousandsofyears.Theresearcherssaythefindingsshowhowclimatechangecanaffectthetwokindsoftrees.Theinformation,theysay,canhelpscientistsunderstandmorecomplexforests.1、What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Tointroduceatopic.B.Tosummarizethewholepassage.C.Todescribetheappearanceofatree.D.Topraisethehardworkoftheexperts.2、WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A.Therewillbeoldertreessentoutofthosemountains.B.Therewillbemoreplacescoveredwithbristleconepines.C.Therewillbebetterlimberpinesreplacingtheancientones.D.Therewillbefewerbristleconepinesgrowinginthoseareas.3、Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhylimberpinescangrowathigheraltitudesis_________.A.thehighwindsB.thedifficultconditionsC.thechangingclimateD.theextremetemperatures4、Whatistheresearchers’attitudetowardsthefutureofthebristleconepine?A.Positive.B.Concerned.C.Enthusiastic.D.Indifferent.23.(8分)Latelastspring,astudentworkedlateintothenight,andasshepainted,herchemistrytookonalifeofitsown,transformingintoacomicbook.VeronicaBerns,28,wasworkingonherPh.D.inchemistry.Bernsquicklyconcludedthatshewouldbebestabletodescribethedifficultconceptswithillustrations."They'renotverywell-polishedillustrations—that'sonpurpose,"Bernssaid.Inthebeginning,itwasonthebackofanenvelopeoronanapkinthatshedoodled(涂鴉)thechemicalbondstobetterexplainherparentswhatshewasworkingoninthelab.JodyBerns,Veronica'smother,saidtheirfamilyhasahistoryofdoodlingandhassharedcomicsforyears.VeronicaBernssurprisedherfamilywithhercomicbook"AtomicSizeMatters"athergraduationlastyear.ThebooktypicalshowscartoonsofBernswearingvariouscostumesanduseshumoraswellassimplecomparisonstodescribesimplechemistry."We'rejustreallyproudthatshecantakesomethingsocomplexandputitintoanamusingvisual(視覺的)explanationthateveryonecanenjoy,"JodyBernssaid.VeronicaBerns’teachersaidBernswasthefirstofhisstudentstoconstructherknowledgeinanartisticwayandheacknowledgedthatitisdifficultforscientiststoexplainwhattheydowithpropercontext.“Ifit'sworthdoing,weshouldbeabletoexplainit,”Fredricksonsaid.Fredricksonsaidshehopesotherscientistswilllearntofindwaystoillustratewhatthey'redoinginthelab.BernsnowlivesinChicagoasachemistandalsowritesabloginwhichsheusescomicstoexplaintheworkofNobelPrizewinningscientists.BernsstartedafundraisingcampaignontheInternettofinanceprintingthebooks.Shesaidshewantedtoraise$5,965tocoverthecostsofprofessionalprintingandthewebsitesaysshehasraisedmorethan$14,000.1、WhatledBernstopaintsomethingaboutchemistry?A.Todecoratetheenvelopes.B.Toshowsomethingclearly.C.Toobservefamilytraditions.D.Todesignapresenttohisparents.2、WhichcanbestdescribeBerns'spaintingsinhercomicbooks?A.Funnyandvivid.B.Classicalandlively.C.Amusingandshiny.D.Creativeandskilled.3、HowdoesFredricksontakeBerns'spaintings?A.Theyaredifficulttounderstand.B.Theyarerewardingandinspiring.C.Theyshouldbedoneinmoredetail.D.TheywillhelpBernsgettheNoblePrize.4、Thepassageismostlikelytoappeara(n).A.technologyreviewB.courseadvertisementC.textbookguideD.newsreport24.(8分)Anewstudyhasshownhowcomputersandrobotspoweredbyartificialintelligencecanreadhumaneyemovementsto"read"humanpersonalities.Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.Andifthatistrue,computersandrobotspoweredbysophisticated(復雜的)artificialintelligencealgorithms(算法)maysoonhavetheabilitytopeerintoyoursoul.Thatistheresultofanewstudyontheconnectionbetweeneyemovementsandpersonality,conductedbyneuroscienceresearchersbasedattheUniversityofSouthAustraliaandPublishedinthescientificJournalFrontiersinNeuroscience."Eyemovementsduringaneverydaytaskpredictaspectsofourpersonality,"wrotetheresearchers,ledbyUniversityofSouthAustralianeuroscientistTobiasLoetscher,whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits(特點)with"well-establishedquestionnaires"fordeterminingpersonalitytype,accordingtoasummaryofthestudypublishedbythesiteScienceDaily.TheresearchersfedthedataintotheirAlalgorithmsandfoundthatcomputersrunningthealgorithmswereabletorecordhumaneyemovementsandimmediatelydetermineaperson'smajorpersonalitytraits,suchas"neuroticism,extraversion(外向),agreeableness,conscientiousness,aswellasperceptual(感知的)curiosity",thescientistswrote."Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines,"Loetschersaid."Peoplearealwayslookingforimproved,personalizedservices.Today'srobotsandcomputersarenotsociallyawaresotheycannotadapttonon-verbalinformation,"LoetschersaidinastatementquotedbyIndianExpress.Thisresearchprovidesopportunitiestodeveloprobotsandcomputerssothattheycanbecomemorenatural,andbetteratinterpretinghumansocialsignals."Thestudyrevealedpreviouslyundiscoveredrelationsbetweenspecificpersonalitycharacteristicsandspecificeyemovementtendencies,accordingtoasummaryinBritain'sDailyMailnewspaper.1、Whatdotheunderlinedwords"peerinto"inParagraph2probablymean?A.understand B.stareatC.searchfor D.concernabout2、Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?A.Itwascarriedoutinalab.B.42subjects'eyemovementswererecorded.C.Thestudents'dailymovementsweretracked.D.Itssubjects'personalitiesweredeterminedbycomputer.3、AccordingtoTobiasLoetscher,whatcanweknow?A.Robotsandcomputersaresociallyconscious.B.Peoplecarelessaboutimproved,personalizedservices.C.Today'srobotsandcomputerscanaccustomtonon-verbalinformation.D.Thediscoverywillimprovetheinteractionbetweenhumanbeingsandmachines.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HumanPersonalityTraitsB.WhatHumanEyeMovementsAreC.TellPersonalitiesbyEyeMovements.D.HowHumansandMachinesInteract25.(10分)InarecentseriesofexperimentsattheUniversityofCalifornia,researchersstudiedtoddlers’thinkingaboutwinnersandlosers,bullies(欺凌)andvictims.Inthefirstexperiment,toddlers(學步兒童)watchedasceneinwhichtwopuppets(木偶)hadconflictinggoals:Onewascrossingastagefromrighttoleft,andtheotherfromlefttoright.Thepuppetsmetinthemiddleandstopped.Eventuallyonepuppetboweddownandmovedaside,lettingtheotheronepassby.Thenresearchersaskedthetoddlerswhichpuppettheyliked.Theresult:20outof23toddlerspickedthehigher-statuspuppet—theonethatdidnotbowormoveaside.Itseemsthatindividualscangainstatusforbeingdominant(占優勢的)andtoddlerslikewinnersbetterthanlosers.Butthenresearchershadanotherquestion:Dotoddlerslikewinnersnomatterhowtheywin?So,researchersdidanotherexperimentverysimilartotheonedescribedabove.Butthistime,theconflictendedbecauseonepuppetknockedtheotherdownandoutoftheway.Nowwhenthetoddlerswereaskedwhotheyliked,theresultsweredifferent:Only4outof23childrenlikedthewinner.Thesedatasuggestthatchildrenalreadyloveawinnerbytheageof21-31months.Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthepreferenceisinborn:21monthsisenoughtimetolearnalotofthings.Butifapreferenceforwinnersissomethingwelearn,weappeartolearnitquiteearly.Evenmoreinteresting,thepreferenceforwinnersisnotabsolute.Childreninourstudydidnotlikeawinnerwhoknockedacompetitordown.Thissuggeststhatalreadybytheageof21-31months,children’slikingforwinnersisbalancedwithothersocialconcerns,includingperhapsageneralpreferenceforniceorhelpfulpeopleoveraggressiveones.Inatimewhenthenewsisfullofstoriesofpublicfigureswhocelebratewinningatallcosts,theseresultsgiveusmuchconfidence.Humansunderstanddominance,butwealsoexpectstrongindividualstoguide,protectandhelpothers.Thisfeelslikegoodnews.1、Oneofthepurposesoftheexperimentsisto________.A.teachtoddlershowtogainhigherstatusB.offertoddlersachancetowatchasceneC.observetheprocessoftoddlers’solvingaconflictD.findouttoddlers’attitudetowardwinnersandlosers2、Thetoddlersregardedbowingandmovingasideasasignof________.A.obeyingrulesB.gainingstatusC.givingintotheotherD.showinggoodmanners3、Whatdoesthesecondexperimenttellusabouttoddlers?A.Theyareexcellentlearners.B.Theyarealwayschangeable.C.Theyshowmercytotheloser.D.Theyvaluekindnessoverwinning.4、Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheresultsoftheseriesofexperiments?A.Disappointing. B.Encouraging.C.Unexpected. D.Controversial.第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節)第一節(每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.26.(30分)LeonardodaVincibeganpaintingtheMonaLisain1503.Hewasworking1aspecialpaintingforachurchatthattime,2thechurchpaintingwasnot3well.AnItalianbusinessmanaskeddaVincitopaintapictureofhissecond4.Thisisthewomanwho5beseenintheMonaLisa.Allinall,theMonaLisaisaverygoodexampleofdaVinci's6,anditsatisfiedthehusband.DaVinciused7andlightinaclever8inthepainting.DaVincilovedscienceand9Rightawayapersoncanseethatthereisalotofgeometry(幾何形狀)intheMonaLisa.ThefaceoftheMonaLisaismadeofmanycirclesand10shapeslike11.Evenher12canbeseenasasmallpartofalargecircle.Thewomaninthe13issittingonabalcony(陽臺),and14canbeseenbehindherbecauseDaVincilovedtostudyrocks,andthesecanbeseen15inhisotherpaintings.Thewomanissittingwithherknees16theside.Herheadisturnedtolookoutofthepainting.Herhandsare17togetherinfrontofher.Thiswayof18isnowusedbymany19whentheyare20.TheMonaLisaisaremarkablemaster.1、A.aboutB.upC.inD.on2、A.solongasB.butC.inspiteofD.however3、A.workingB.doingC.goingD.making4、A.wifeB.servantC.daughterD.nurse5、A.canB.mustC.shouldD.might6、A.novelsB.photosC.worksD.masterpiece7、A.darknessB.oilsC.heavinessD.blank8、A.handB.eyeC.wayD.picture9、A.geographyB.biologyC.chemistryD.maths10、A.longB.circularC.squareD.round11、A.cigarsB.packetsC.diamondsD.balls12、A.emotionB.patternC.preferenceD.smile13、A.paintingB.cottageC.exhibitionD.canvas14、A.sparrowB.mountainsC.landscapeD.kitten15、A.that’stosayB.overandoverC.ontheotherhandD.byandby16、A.onB.byC.toD.beyond17、A.hungB.caughtC.heldD.supported18、A.sittingB.paintingC.livingD.smiling19、A.modelsB.femalesC.bridegroomsD.brides20、A.playedB.beingpaintedC.paintingD.beingplayed第二節(每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。27.(15分)RiseAfterFallingAfatherwasworriedabouthisson,1.wassixteenyearsoldbuthadnocourageatall.SothefatherdecidedtocallonaBuddhistmonk(僧侶)2.(train)hisboy.TheBuddhistmonksaidtotheboy’sfather,“Iinsistthatyoursonshouldbeleftalonehere.I’llmakehimintoarealmanwithinthreemonths.3.,youcan’tcometoseehimduringthisperiod.”Threemonths4.(late),theboy’sfatherreturned.TheBuddhistmonkarrangedaboxingmatchbetweentheboyandan5.(experience)boxer.Eachtimethefighterstrucktheboy,hefelldown,but6.oncetheboystoodup;andeachtimeaheavyblowknockedhimdown,theboystoodupagain.Afterseveraltimes,theBuddhistmonkasked,“7.doyouthinkofyourchild?”“Whatashame!”theboy’sfathersaid,“Ineverthoughthewouldbeso8.(easy)knockeddown.Ineedn’thavehimstayhereany9.(long)!“I’msorrythatthat’sallyousee.Don’tyouseethateachtimehefallsdown,hestandsupagaininsteadof10.(cry)?That’sthekindofcourageyouwantedhimtohave.第四部分寫作(共兩節)第一節短文改錯(滿分10分)28.(10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2、只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。Linda'sfatherboughtherthenewbikethedaybeforeyesterday,thatmadeherveryexcited、Thenshebegantorideitfastontheroad、Seenamangettingclosetoher,Lindacouldn'tstopitandasaresult,sheknocked

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