Unit14Careers語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________通過本節課，學生可掌握unit14中重點語法及其用法，并通過各個題型的練習，鞏固語法基礎，提升綜合解題能力。1.祈使句變間接引語（I）

·

基本用法引述別人的話語一般采用兩種方式：一種是直接引述別人的原話，把它放在引號內，這叫直接引語；另一種是用自己的話轉述別人的話，叫間接引語。間接引語相當于一個賓語從句。直接引語是祈使句，變為間接引語時，要變為ask/tell/ordersb(not)todosht.結構。人稱、時間狀語、地點狀語應按要求作相應變化。如：1.Theteachersaidtous,“Startwritingnow.”Theteacherorderedustostartwritingthen.2.“Pleasedon'tdisturbme,”hesaidtotheboy.Heaskedtheboynottodisturbhim.3.OurEnglishteachersaid,“Bringyouroldclothestoschooltomorrow.”OurEnglishteachertoldustobringouroldclothestoschoolthenextday.

4.

“Stayhereuntiltomorrow,”beggedmygrandma.Mygrandmabeggedmetostaythereuntilthenextday.2.直接引語與間接引語的轉換

·

基本用法人稱的變化在直接引語中，代詞要隨句意進行改變。大致遵循“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”的規律，即第一人稱一般要變得與引述部分的主語一致；第二人稱一般要變得與引述部分的賓語一致；第三人稱一般不改變。如：Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”-----Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.?HesaidtoMrs.Green,“Howdoyougotoworkeveryday?”----HeaskedMrs.Greenhowshewenttoworkeveryday.?Myfathersaid,“Jackisagoodneighbor.”----MyfathersaidthatJackwasagoodneighbor.時態的變化1.如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時，從句的時態則無需變化。主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞在時態方面要作相應的變化。如：

Hesaid,“Iamusingtheknife.”---Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.（現在進行時--過去進行時）Shesaid,“IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.”---ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.（現在完成時--過去完成時）Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.----Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.（一般過去時--過去完成時）2.時態不需要變化的情況(1).直接引語是客觀真理、自然現象或名言警句時。如：OurEnglishteachersaid,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”---OurEnglishteachertoldusthatallworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.我們的英語老師告訴我們，只顧學習不休息，聰明孩子也變傻。(2).

直接引語中有確定的過去時間時。如：Tonysaid,“Thestorytookplaceinthe1930s.”----Tonysaidthatthestorytookplaceinthe1930s.(3).

直接引語時習慣性行為時。如：Hesaid,“Iusuallygotobedat10:30.”---Hesaidheusuallygoestobedat10:30.(4).

只著眼于轉述事實，而不側重動作先于轉述動作的時間時。如：Theboysaid,“Ifoundthekeyjustunderthetable.”----Theboysaidhefoundthekeyjustunderthetable.(5).

所轉述的動作或狀態說話時仍在繼續，并對此點加以強調時。如：Thereportersaid,“Thewarbetweenthetwocountriesisstillon.”----Thereportersaidthewarbetweenthetwocountriesisstillon.(6).

when,while,since等引導時間狀語從句時。如：Mygrandfathersaid,“ItismanyyearssinceIworkedhere.”---Mygrandfathersaiditwasmanyyearssinceheworkedthere.(7).直接引語中的情態動詞沒有過去式時。如：Mymothersaid,“Youmustcleantheroomtoday.”---MymothersaidImustcleantheroomthatday.指示代詞，時間狀語，地點狀語在間接引語中的變化：直接引語-----間接引語this-------------thatthese----------thosenow-----------thentoday---------thatdaytonight-------thatnightlastnight-----twodaysbeforeyesterday-----thedaybefore/thepreviousdaytomorrow----thenext/followingdaythisevening----thateveninghere-----------therebring----------takecome---------go如:Hesaid,“Ihaven'tseenhertoday.”----

Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.

Shesaid,"Iwentthereyesterday.”-----

Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.例1.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.解析：在直接引語變為間接引語時，代詞I要變為he；主句為過去時態，賓語從句通常要將時態往后推一個，即現在進行時amhaving變為過去進行時washaving。答案：he,was。例2.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.解析：直接引語中的saidtosb在變為間接引語時應改為toldsb；現在完成時haveseen改為過去完成時hadseen。答案：told,had,seen。例3.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.解析：直接引語變為間接引語時，人稱代詞I應變為she；一般過去時went改為過去完成時hadgone。答案：she,had,gone。例4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.解析：直接引語變為間接引語時，若直接引語為客觀真理，則變為間接引語時時態不變。答案：is。例5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.解析：直接引語是一般過去時met，變為間接引語時應改為過去完成時hadmet；時間狀語yesterday應改為thedaybefore。答案：had,before?；A演練一、單項選擇1.Ishalltellhim,"Ihavewrittentoyouandhertwice."Ishalltellhimthat

havewrittento

and

twice.A.I;him;herB.you;him;herC.I;you;meD.you;me;her2.Shesaidtomethat

mightkeep

bookfortwodays.A.she;thisB.I;thatC.I;thisD.you;that3.Shesaid,"Mysisterwillbebacktomorrowmorning."Shesaidhersister

.A.wouldbebacktomorrowmorningB.willbebacktomorrowmorningC.wouldbebackthenextmorningD.willbebackthenextmorning4.Hesaid,"Mother,theboyisverynaughty."→He

verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas5.Hetoldushe

aconcert

.A.hadattended;threedaysbeforeB.attended;aweekagoC.wouldattend;sinceaweekagoD.wasattending;foraweek6.Thelittlegirltoldhimthatshehadwatchedthewonderfulfootballmatch

.A.todayB.tomorrowC.themonthbeforeD.thenextmonth7.Youmustsaytoher,"Idependonyouandhim."Youmusttellherthat

dependon

and

.A.I;you;himB.she;you;meC.you;her;himD.you;me;him8.Johntoldmethat

.A.hereturnedthebooktolibrarytomorrowB.hehadreturnedthebooktothelibrarythedaybeforeC.IwillreturnedthebooktothelibrarytheafternoonbeforeD.Ireturnedthebooktothelibrarytheafternoonbefore9.Billsaidtome,"Iwasbornin1985."Whichsentenceistheindirectspeechofit?A.Billtoldmehehadbeenbornin1985B.Billtoldmehewasbornin1985C.Billsaidheisbornin1985D.Billtoldmethathehasbeenbornin198510.Hesaidtome,“Youwillpasstheexamtomorrow.”He

methat

theexam

.A.saidto;hewouldpass;thenextdayB.told;hewould;nextdayC.saidto;Iwouldpass;nextdayD.told;Iwouldpass;thenextday鞏固提高一、按要求轉換句型1.Shesaid,"JimwilltalkaboutEnglishnamestomorrow."(直接引語轉化成間接引語)ShesaidthatJim

Englishnames

.2.Hesaid,"TheGreenswillhaveaholidaynextweek."(直接引語轉化成間接引語)HesaidthattheGreens

aholiday

.3.Sheasked,"Whyhaven'tyouhadlunchnow?"(直接引語轉化成間接引語)Sheaskedme

.4."Doyouknowwhatisgoingonnow?"heaskedhisoldmother.(直接引語轉化成間接引語)Heaskedhisoldmother

what

on

.5.Hesaid,"Idon'tfeelverywelltoday."(直接引語轉化成間接引語)Hesaidthat

feelverywell

.6.Theteachersaidtothestudents,"Keeptheclassroomcleanandtidy."(直接引語轉化成間接引語)Theteacher

thestudents

theclassroomcleanandtidy.7.Shesaid,"Let'sgotoschooltogether."(直接引語轉化成間接引語)She

me

toschooltogether.8.Mumsaidtome,"Whichonedoyoulikebest?"(直接引語轉化成間接引語)Mum

me

oneI

best.9.Theteachersaid,"WangHonghasmaderapidprogressinEnglish."(直接引語轉化成間接引語)TheteachersaidthatWangHong

rapidprogressinEnglish.10.Hesaid,"I'mleavingforQingdaotomorrow."(直接引語轉化成間接引語)Hesaidthat

leavingforQingdao

.Keys:基礎演練1-10ABCCACCBBD鞏固提高1.wouldtalkabout,thenextday2.wouldhave,thenextweek3.whyIhadn'thadlunchthen4.whethersheknew,wasgoing,then5.hedidn't,thatday6.told,tokeep7.asked,togo8.asked,which,liked9.hadmade10.hewas,thenextday1.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”→Heaskedme

.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember2."Whathaveyougotinyourbag?"theyasked.Theyasked

.A.whathadwegotinourbagB.whatwehavegotinyourbagC.whatwehadgotinourbagD.whathavewegotinyourbag3.Mikeaskedme,"Whenwilltheirplaneland?"Mikeaskedme

.A.whentheirplanewilllandB.whenwilltheirplanelandC.whentheirplanewouldlandD.whenwouldtheirplaneland4.Heaskedme,"Howlongwillittaketogotherebyplane?"Heaskedme

.A.howlongwouldittaketogotherebyplaneB.howlongwillittaketogotherebyplaneC.howlongitwouldtaketogotherebyplaneD.howlongitwilltaketogotherebyplane5.Heaskedher,"WhenareyougoingtoShanghai?"Heaskedher

.A.whenisshegoingtoShanghaiB.whensheisgoingtoShanghaiC.whenshewasgoingtoShanghaiD.whenwasshegoingtoShanghai6.JanesaidtoMary,"Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?"JaneaskedMary

.A.whatwasshegoingtodothenextdayB.whatshewasgoingtodotomorrowC.whatshewasgoingtodothenextdayD.whatwasshegoingtodotomorrow7.Sheaskedhim,"whosedictionaryisthis?"→Sheaskedhimwhosedictionary

.A.thisisB.thatwasC.isthisD.thatis8.“Whotoldyouaboutit?”heaskedher.Heaskedher

aboutit.A.thatwhotoldyouB.whotoldherC.whohadtoldherD.whohadtoldyou9.MarysaidtoTom,"Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?"Theindirectspeechis"

".A.MaryaskedTomwherehaveyoubeenthesedaysB.MaryaskedTomwhereyouhadbeenthosedaysC.MaryaskedTomwhereIhadbeenthosedaysD.MaryaskedTomwherehehadbeenthosedays10.“Whydon'tyoustayhereovertheweekend!”shesaid.

.A.Shesaidwhydidn'tyoustaythereovertheweekendB.Shesaidwhyyoudidn'tstaythereovertheweekendC.SheaskedmenottostaythereovertheweekendD.ShesuggestedIshouldstayhereovertheweekend11.Heaskedme

.A.howwouldtheweatherbeliketomorrowB.whattheweatherwouldbelikethenextdayC.howtheweatherwouldbeliketomorrowD.whatwouldtheweatherbelikethenextday12.Jackaskedherwhere

holidays.A.shespentherB.youspendyourC.shespendherD.youspentyour13.Heaskedher,"Whereareyougoing?"Heaskedher

.A.wheresheisgoingtoB.whereshewasgoingtoC.whereshewasgoingD.wheresheisgoing14.Mymothersaid,"Howmuchdoyoupayforthenewdress?"Mymotherasked

forthenewdress.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid15.Wecanchangethesentence:“‘Whydidyougotobedsolatelastnight?'FatheraskedAnne."into:

.A.FatheraskedAnnewhyshehadgonetobedsolatelastnightB.FatheraskedAnnewhyshewenttobedsolatelastnightC.FatheraskedAnnewhyyouhadgonetobedsolatethenightbeforeD.FatheraskedAnnewhyshehadgonetobedsolatethenightbeforeKeys：1-15BCCCCCBCDDBACDD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、單項選擇1.Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou_____thatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.（2015湖北30）A.inadvance B.indetail C.intotal D.ingeneral2. Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveistolive＿＿＿＿nature.（2015福建32）A.inviewof B.inneedof C.intouchwith D.inharmonywith3.Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandmathearmandwalkedheracrossthestreet.（2015陜西12）A.on B.by C.in D.at14. Acommonmemorytheyallhave theirschooldaysistheschooluniform.（2015福建32）A.of B.on C.to D.with5.I’mso______toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.（2015安徽26）A.special B.superior C.grateful D.attractive二、完形填空Acoupleofyearsago,Icametoalady'shousetobuysomevitamins.Uponenteringthehouse,I1

thattherewasanelectronickeyboardonthestand,leaning2

thewall.Beingapianomusicloverandplayer,Iaskedifthewomanplayed.Shesaid"yes"and3

thatshehadbeentakinglessons—atage54!"Ihavebeen4

for8yearsnow,"Isaid."Thenyoumustplayasongformebeforeyouleave,"she5

.IthoughtshewaskiddingandI6

smiled.Bytheendofpurchaseofthevitamins,she7

meofourmusical"deal".Ithoughtforamomentand8

toplayDavidLanz'sReturntotheHeart,9

shehadmuchpassionformusic,andit'soneofmy10

songs.Iplayedthesongwithmybest11

,withasmuchemotionpouringintoitaspossible.Obviously,she12

it.AsIwasabouttostepoutofthedoor,Ihearda13

voicecallingout,"Youngman!"I14

.Andtherewasanoldladytakingonelittlestepatatimewiththehelpofothers."Iwanttocomeouttothankyouforthe15

songthatyouplayed.Ihavebeenvery16

,andit'sveryhardformetogetoffmybed,butIreallywanttothankyouforthesong.Itmakesmefeelgood,"shesaid.Withthat,sheturnedaroundandwalked17

backtoherroom.Iwasdeeplytouchedbyher18

andfeltadeeperunderstandingforthesong.Itservedits19

beautifully,returningtoone'sheartfor20

andjoy.1.A.noticedB.heardC.learnedD.knew2.A.backB.inC.againstD.over3.A.insistedB.addedC.arguedD.admitted4.A.gatheringB.devotingC.performingD.playing5.A.explainedB.apologizedC.requestedD.replied6.A.simplyB.proudlyC.shylyD.nervously7.A.informedB.warnedC.accusedD.reminded8.A.promisedB.agreedC.decidedD.hoped9.A.sinceB.soC.unlessD.if10.A.soul-touchingB.world-famousC.newly-madeD.life-long11.A.strengthB.habitC.abilityD.sense12.A.lovedB.sufferedC.acceptedD.memorized13.A.sweetB.loudC.weakD.deep14.A.turnedaroundB.lookedupC.ranawayD.wenton15.A.popularB.beautifulC.interestingD.valuable16.A.sickB.lonelyC.poorD.sleepy17.A.slowlyB.immediatelyC.politelyD.terribly18.A.understandingB.appreciationC.experienceD.condition19.A.audienceB.purposeC.playerD.atmosphere20.A.peaceB.respectC.sympathyD.honesty三、閱讀理解ABollywooddanceisfun,agreatworkoutandanimportantcontributingfactortowardstheinternationalpopularityofBollywoodfilms.BollywooddanceclassesofferedinLongIslandareagreatoptionforthosewhowishtolearnthisdanceform—notonlyforLongIslandcommunities,butalsoforotherIndiansinNewYork,andpeopleofothernationalitiesandculturesattractedbyIndiandance.YoucanjoinBollywooddanceclasses1)toenjoythefunofmixingWesternandIndiandancestyles.2)Toachievecorrectnessofmovement,energy,timing,andrhythm,orgoprofessional.3)Tojustgetfitorenjoyyourself.BollywooddancebringstogetherseveraldanceformsincludingKathak,Jazz,BhangraandSalsa.Thoughitisdifficulttopointouttheprecisedefinition,stylisticfeatures,andgeographicaldistributionofthisexcitingdanceform,itisquiterecognizableinbothIndianandinternationalcircles.Thesongsforthedanceareakindofindirectexpressionthroughwhichthecharacterscanexpressthoughts.Costumeisanimportantpartofthisformofdanceandestablishestoamajorextent,the"feelofthedance".Thedancenumbersoftenhaveromanticthemesandusuallygotogetherwiththehappeningsinthemovies.ItisnotunusualtofindBollywoodsonganddancecommunicatingthethoughtsandwishesofthecharacters.BollywooddancepartiesareaverypopularaffairinUScolleges.Gooddanceteacherscanprovidethenecessarytrainingtoperfectentertainingdancesteps.DoasearchonGoogle,Yahoo,orothersearchenginestofindgoodBollywooddanceclassesinLongIsland.Youmayhavetocompareeachofthemtoarriveattherightclassesforyourselforforyourchild.YoungIndianCulturalGroup:999HerricksRoadSuite110Phone:151673915751.WhatdoweknowaboutBollywooddancefromParagraph1?A.ItmainlyemphasizesWesterndancestyles.B.ItisincreasingthepopularityofBollywoodfilms.C.TheclasseswillbeheldfortheIndiansinAsia.D.OnlyIndiansinNewYorkarelearningitatpresent.2.BollywooddanceandseveralotherdanceformslikeKathak,Jazz,BhangraandSalsa

.A.haveacloserelationshipB.belongtothesamedanceformC.arepopularinthesameareasD.havedifferentgeographicaldistribution3.WhatcanweknowabouttheYoungIndianCulturalGroup?A.Peoplecantakeallkindsofdanceclassesthere.B.ItwillbringnewideastoBollywooddance.C.IfyouwanttolearnBollywooddance,youcancontactit.D.ItwillhelpBollywooddancebecomefamousintheworld.4.Thispassagewaswrittenmainlyto

A.showthatBollywooddanceisverypopularoncampusB.tellustherightwayofrecognizingBollywooddanceC.introducethethreepurposesofBollywooddanceclassesD.attractmorepeopletojoinBollywooddanceclassesBAnewstudyfindsthatcombiningmusictherapywithastandardtreatmentfordepression—medication,psychotherapyandcounseling—improvespatientoutcomes.Researchersinvited79peoplebetweentheagesof18and50yearsoldwhohadbeendiagnosedwithdepression.33oftheparticipantswereoffered20musictherapysessions,inadditiontotheirusualtreatmentfordepression.Theother46participantsreceivedstandardtreatment,andactedasthecontrolgroup.Theone-on-onemusictherapysessionseachlasted60minutesandtookplacetwiceaweek.Trainedmusictherapistshelpedeachparticipantimprovise（即興創作）music.Onaverage,eachparticipantattended18musictherapysessions.29individuals(88percent)attendedatleast15sessions.Theparticipantsinbothgroupswerefollowedupatthreeandsixmonthsandassessedforsymptoms（癥狀）ofdepressionandanxiety.Inthefinalanalysis,researchersdiscoveredthatafterthreemonthsofparticipation,individualswhoreceivedmusictherapyshowedgreatlyfewersymptomsofdepressionandanxiety,