Unit5PoemsⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·淮南市高三第一次模擬)LouiseGluckhasbeennostrangertoawardsoverherlongandstoriedcareersinceherfirstpublicationin1968.In1993,shewonthePulitzerPrizeforhercollectionofpoems,TheWildIris.AndonOct8(2024)shebecamethe16thwomantowintheNobelPrizeinliteraturewiththeNobelprizesfirstawardedin1901.Gluckwashonored“forherunmistakablepoeticvoicethat,withplainandsimplebeauty,makesindividualexistenceuniversal”.Oftensaidtobeanautobiographicalpoet,drawingfromtheinnerpartsofherlife,“Gluckseekstheuniversal，”NobelCommitteeChairAndersOlssonsaidinastatement.Gluck,77,theauthorof12poetrycollections,hasbeenabletoturnherlifeexperiencesintouniversalthemescoveringlife,loss,andisolation.Becauseofthis,readershaveoftenfoundherpoetrytobe“dark”.However,thereismuchmorethandarknessinhervoice,asnotedbyOlsson.“Itiscandidandalsoavoicefullofhumorandbitingwit.”hesaid.Forexample,inherpoemSnowdrops,sheusesthecomingofspringafterwintertoshowrebirthoflifeafterdeath.Sheleadsreadersdownadepressingpathonlytoreconnectwiththelightatthenearend.Attheconclusionofthepoem,readersarelefttofeelthe“rawwindofthenewworld”astheywatchanewspring.ThisisoftenthecaseinGluck'spoetry,beingabletofeeljoyevenafternothavingdonesoforalongtime.WhenherworkFaithfulVirtuousNightreceivedaNationalBookAwardforPoetryin2014,ajudgefortheawardwentontosay,thecollectioncomesfrom“aworldwheredarknessblurs(模糊)ordinarilysharpedgesaroundtheoppositionsofourlives-lossandrenewal,maleandfemale,thelivingandthedead”．Talkingofprizes,sheacknowledgedthattheycanmake“existenceintheworldeasier”butdidnotamounttotheimmortality(永生)ofatrueartist.“IwanttoliveafterIdie,inthatancientway.”shesaid.“Andthere'snowayofknowingwhetherthatwillhappen,andtherewillbenoknowing,nomatterhowmanyblueribbonshavebeenusedtocovermybody.”TheremarkisinlinewithOlsson'sdescriptionofGluck'spoeticvoiceas“candidanduncompromising”butfrequentlywitty.語篇導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了第16位獲得諾貝爾文學獎的女性LouiseGluck(路易絲·格魯克)的詩歌特點。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutLouiseGluck？AA．Sheisaproductiveanddistinguishedpoet.B．SheshowedindifferencetotheNobelaward.C．Shehadherfirstpublicationinherteens.D．Shegetsinspirationfromuniversalexistence.解析：微小環節理解題。由第一段中的“In1993,shewonthePulitzerPrizeforhercollectionofpoems,TheWildIris.AndonOct8(2024)shebecamethe16thwomantowintheNobelPrizeinliteraturewiththeNobelprizesfirstawardedin1901.(1993年，她因詩集《野鳶尾》獲得普利策獎。2024年10月8日，她成為第16位獲得諾貝爾文學獎的女性，諾貝爾文學獎于1901年首次頒發。)”和第三段中的“Gluck,77,theauthorof12poetrycollections,hasbeenabletoturnherlifeexperiencesintouniversalthemescoveringlife,loss,andisolation.(77歲的Gluck是12本詩集的作者，她能夠將自己的人生閱歷轉化為涵蓋生命、失落和孤獨的普遍主題。)”可知，普利策獎和諾貝爾文學獎獲得者Gluck是12本詩集的作者，說明她是一位多產的杰出詩人。故選A。2．HowdoreadersfeelafterreadingSnowdrops？DA．Depressed. B．Confused.C．Astonished. D．Refreshed.解析：推理推斷題。由第四段中的“Forexample,inherpoemSnowdrops,sheusesthecomingofspringafterwintertoshowrebirthoflifeafterdeath.Sheleadsreadersdownadepressingpathonlytoreconnectwiththelightatthenearend.Attheconclusionofthepoem,readersarelefttofeelthe‘rawwindofthenewworld’astheywatchanewspring.(例如，在她的詩《雪花》中，她用冬后春天的到來來表現死后生命的重生。她引導讀者走上一條令人沮喪的道路，卻在接近終點時與光明重新連接。詩的結尾，讓讀者在觀看新春的同時感受‘新世界的原始風'。)”可知，《雪花》能引導讀者在接近終點時與光明重新連接，讀者能感受新春和‘新世界的原始風’，換句話說讀者感受到的東西都是主動向上的，因此讀完后，讀者會感到精神煥發(refreshed)。故選D。3．AccordingtoGluck,howdoawardsinfluenceartists？DA．Byimprovingtheirhealthandfame.B．Bypopularizingtheirworksbetter.C．Bycontributingtotheirlivinglonger.D．Byallowingthemabetterliving.解析：微小環節理解題。由最終一段中的“Talkingofprizes,sheacknowledgedthattheycanmake‘existenceintheworldeasier’butdidnotamounttotheimmortality(永生)ofatrueartist.(談到獎品，她承認獎品可以使‘在世界上活著更簡潔’，但并不等于一個真正藝術家的永生。)”可知，Gluck認為獎品可以使在世界上活著更簡潔，換句話說，獎品能讓藝術家過上更好的生活。故選D。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout？DA．Gluck'spoetrycollections.B．Gluck'sjourneytosuccess.C．ThegloriesofGluck'spoetry.D．ThefeaturesofGluck'spoetry解析：主旨大意題。第一段引入“第16位獲得諾貝爾文學獎的女性LouiseGluck(路易絲·格魯克)”，其次、三段講“LouiseGluck的詩歌特點”，第四、五段舉例說明她的詩歌特點，最終一段講“LouiseGluck對獎品的看法和其他人對她的評價”，因此文章主要講的是LouiseGluck的詩歌特點。故選D。B(2024·東北三校聯考)InJuly,Ireceivedane-mailfromRichardK．Weems,whodirectedthecreativewritingdivisionoftheNewJerseyGovernor’sSchooloftheArts.Hehiredmetoteachpoetrytoagroupofgiftedhighschoolstudents.WhenImetthegroup,incontrasttowhatpastteachershaddone,Iproposedthatwerunapoetrystand,whichwouldbelikeacountrylemonadestand,exceptthatpeoplewouldbecomingforpoems.Whatevercustomersaskedfor,thestudentswouldwrite.Thegroupwerewillingtogowithmyidea,thoughtheyhadquestions：“Wouldwecollectmoneyatthepoetrystand？”“No.”“Whatiftherewerenocustomers？”“It'spartoftherisk.”“Whatifwehadnothingtosayonthetopictheygaveus？”“Youwill,andI'lltrainyou.”Afewtimesaday,wheneverwehadalittleextratimeinthewritingstudio,IaskedmystudentstoturntoacleansheetofpaperandIgavethemanassumedpoetry-standpoemrequest.Itriedtogetthestudentsintothehabitofaskingforspecificsandauthenticity.OnThursdaymorningcamethebigdayonPalmerSquare.Wesetupthetablesandchairsbesidetheplace.ThefoottraffictoandfrowasasightthatmighthavepleasedWaltWhitman:peopleofallagesandraces.Peopleslowedtentatively(摸爽性地)atthesignofferingfreepoetry.Awomanwheelingastrollerbecameourfirstcustomertohavesomeonewriteforherkidonthesubjectofcandy.AnAsianwomanaskedifthepoetscoulddohaiku.AmantoldusthatheonlyspokeSpanish.SowebroughtRicky,aLatinokidtotakehisorderandreturnedwithapoeminSpanish.Themancouldn'tcontainhissmile.By4：30,whenitwastimetoleave,customersstoodinline,wantingtoknowwhenwewouldbereturning.IwatchedandtheirenthusiasmmademewonderabouttheplaceofpoetryinthelivesofordinaryAmericans.語篇導讀：文章講解并描述的是作者被聘用去教一群有天賦的孩子詩歌，為此他提出經營一個詩歌攤位的建議，以及由此綻開的故事。5．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthepassage？CA．Hefollowedintheformerteachers'footsteps.B．Heguidedhisstudentstocreatepoemsatwill.C．Hepreparedhislittlepoetswellfortheactivity.D．Hefoundhisadviceunpopularwithhisstudents.解析：微小環節理解題。依據第三段中的“Youwill,andI'lltrainyou.”以及第四段中的“IaskedmystudentstoturntoacleansheetofpaperandIgavethemanassumedpoetry-standpoemrequest”和“Itriedtogetthestudentsintothehabitofaskingforspecificsandauthenticity.”可知，作者經常讓他的學生們準備一張白紙并給他們一個假設的寫詩請求，試圖讓學生養成尋求微小環節和真實性的習慣。由此可知，作者為了經營詩歌攤位，讓他的小詩人們做了足夠的準備活動。故選C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contain”inParagraph5mean？BA．Include. B．Control.C．Wear. D．Return.解析：詞義揣測題。依據畫線詞前的“AmantoldusthatheonlyspokeSpanish.SowebroughtRicky,aLatinokidtotakehisorderandreturnedwithapoeminSpanish.”可知，這位男士只會說西班牙語，“我們”就投其所好為他寫了一首西班牙詩歌，故此處指這位男士不由自主地笑了。control意為“限制”，與畫線詞意思相近。故選B。7．Whatcanweinferabouttheactivityfromthepassage？AA．Theappealofpoetrywasbeyondimagination.B．Thestudentsmadeafortunebytradingtheirpoems.C．TheteacherinvitedWaltWhitmantocomposeapoem.D．Thestudentssufferedacoldshoulderofthepassers-by.解析：推理推斷題。依據最終一段中的“By4：30,whenitwastimetoleave,customersstoodinline,wantingtoknowwhenwewouldbereturning.”可知，到了四點半該離開的時候，顧客們排起了隊，想知道“我們”什么時候再擺攤。由此可知，詩歌的魅力超出了“我們”的想象。故選A。8．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？AA．APoetryStandB．AnEnglishPoetryDayC．APoemExchangeD．AMemorablePoemLecture解析：主旨大意題。依據第一段中的“Hehiredmetoteachpoetrytoagroupofgiftedhighschoolstudents.”及其次段中的“WhenImetthegroup,incontrasttowhatpastteachershaddone,Iproposedthatwerunapoetrystand,whichwouldbelikeacountrylemonadestand,exceptthatpeoplewouldbecomingforpoems.”可知，這篇文章講解并描述的是作者被聘用去教一群有天賦的孩子詩歌，為此他提出經營一個詩歌攤位的建議，接下來文章所講的都是圍繞詩歌攤位而綻開的。由此可知，A項(一個詩歌攤位)適合作為文章標題。故選A。CBesides“wow”and“great”，whatelsewouldyousaywhenflyingovertheEarthinspace？SamanthaCristoforetti,thefirstItalianfemaleastronautinspace,postedseverallinesofafamousancientChinesecompositiononTwittertoshareherjoy.ShefirstwroteinChinese,andthenattachedanaccuratetranslationofthelinesinbothItalianandEnglishtohelpmorepeopleunderstand.“Lookingup,Iseetheimmensityofthecosmos;bowingmyhead,Ilookatthemultitudeoftheworld.Thegazeflies,theheartexpands,thejoyofthesensescanreachitspeak,andindeed,thisistruehappiness，”itsays.TwodaysbeforeshelandedonEarth,thebeautyofspaceandChineseliteratureresonated(共鳴)onherTwitteraccount.Beforelong,herpostswentviralonTwitterwiththousandsofretweets,likesandreplies.ThetextshequotedisfromthePrefacetothePoemsComposedattheOrchidPavilion,aChinesecalligraphymasterpiecebyWangXizhi(303—361)oftheEasternJinDynasty(317—420)．ShealsoattachedthreephotostakeninspaceofChina'sBohaiBayandtheday-nightviewsofBeijing.“Thepoemandviewsarebothmagnificentaswellashealing.Ifeveryonecouldenjoythesamesight,alotofpainintheworldwouldbe‘dissipated’，”oneusercomments.AsthefirstItalianfemaleastronautinspace,CristoforetticarriedoutherfirstspacemissiononNov.23,2014.In2024,shestartedthesecondmissioninAprilandreturnedtoEarthonFridaynightaftera127-daystayinorbit.CristoforettihasalsobeenactiveinSino-Europeancooperationinthefieldofmannedspaceflight.ShewasaworkinggroupmemberwithChinesecounterpartstodefineandimplementcooperationinthefieldofastronautoperations.Whennottravelingforwork,sheisaneagerreaderandhasagreatpassionforlanguages.SpeakingclearChinese,CristoforettioncetoldthemediathattheteamsfromChinaandEuropewereworkingverywelltogetherinthefieldofastronauttraining.語篇導讀：本文主要講解并描述了一位意大利女宇航員將《蘭亭集序》中的語句上傳至網上，且該帖得到眾多網友的寵愛與轉發的故事。9．WhatistheresultofCristoforetti'spostonline？CA．Thebirthofamasterpiece.B．Atrendofjourneystospace.C．AninstanthotissueonTwitter.D．Differenttranslationsofthelines.解析：微小環節理解題。依據其次段中的“Beforelong,herpostswentviralonTwitterwiththousandsofretweets,likesandreplies.”可知，克里斯托福雷蒂在推特上的帖子成了熱門話題。故選C。10．Whichwordbelowcanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedword“dissipated”inParagraph3？AA．Relieved. B．Caused.C．Increased. D．Recognized.解析：詞義揣測題。依據畫線詞上文“Thepoemandviewsarebothmagnificentaswellashealing.”并結合語境可推知，此處表示若能欣賞到這樣壯麗且治愈的美景，那么世上的許多苦痛就會被消退了，故畫線詞與A項意思接近。故選A。11．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？DA．Cristoforetti'sdevotiontohercareer.B．Cristoforetti'slanguagelearningstrategies.C．TheleadershipCristoforettiplaysinherteam.D．ThepossiblemotivationforCristoforetti'spost.解析：推理推斷題。結合最終一段中的“CristoforettihasalsobeenactiveinSino-Europeancooperation...sheisaneagerreaderandhasagreatpassionforlanguages.”可知，宇航員克里斯托福雷蒂在中國與歐洲在載人航天領域的合作中也扮演了主動的角色，且她對語言有著極大的熱忱。由此推斷，我們可以了解到克里斯托福雷蒂發這個帖子的初衷。故選D。12．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage？AA．AFemaleAstronautBecomesanOnlineStarB．AChinesePoemGetsPopularAbroadC．LiteratureConveystheBeautyofSpaceD．AnItalianAstronautPromotesSino-EuropeanCooperation解析：主旨大意題。通覽全文內容，尤其是第一段可知，本文講解并描述了意大利女宇航員用一首中國詩歌在網上抒發情感，并且獲得眾多網友的寵愛與轉發的故事。結合選項可知，A項(一位女宇航員成為網絡明星)能夠概括本文的主旨，最適合作為本文標題。故選A。Ⅱ.七選五(2024·河南省鶴壁市第一次聯考)Poetryhashealingpowers.Togetmorejoyandpeace,wedon'thavetobeaprofessionalpoetbutwecandevelopapoeticmindset(心態)．1.BBeinawe(敬畏)ofeverything.Thepoeticmindsetstartswiththeideathatnothingisanaccident.Everythingisinterrelatedandplaysapartinagreaterwhole.2.FCloseyoureyes.Nowopenthem.Whatisthefirstthingyousee?Lookcloser.Askyourself:Whatdoesitlooklike?Whatdoesitremindyouof?Doesitbringhappythoughtsorsadones?Why?Ibetyourrandomlyselectedobjectisfullofmeaning.3.AApoemisaplacewhereyoucanpouroutyourhardfeelings.Don'tbeafraid.Youcanalwaysthrowthepageintothefireplaceonceyou'vefilledit.4.DPoetrycanbeastoreroomforeverythingdifficultinyourlife.Butthere'smore,IfindwhenIwriteaboutsomethingI'mstrugglingwith,mynegativefeelingbeginstobecomeweaker.Seekwhatinspiresyou.Lifeisn'tperfect,butyoucanlivewithloveandtrustanyway.5.EThereisalwaysgoodnesstobefoundonceyoutrainyourselftolookforit.Poetrytomeisaformofpraise.IbuildpoemsfromthingsIsee,peopleImeetandthoughtsandfeelingsfounddeepinside.AsIpresentthosetreasuresinpoeticlanguage,Iamappreciatingwhatisgoodinthem.A．Yourpainisyourteacher.B．Howcanwemanageitinaneasyway?C．Whatarethestepsofwritingagoodpoem?D．Orsealitinanenvelopeandcomebacktoitlater.E．Poetryhelpsusrememberthisimportantplaceofwisdom.F．Therefore,everythingdeservesnoticeandevenappreciation.G．Writingapoemisaboutdescribingyourinnerworldvividly.語篇導讀：本文為一篇說明文。詩歌有治愈功能，盡管我們不能成為專業的詩人，但是我們可以培育詩人的心態，文章主要介紹了幾種培育詩人心態的方法。解析：1．依據空前“Togetmorejoyandpeace,wedon'thavetobeaprofessionalpoetbutwecandevelopapoeticmindset(心態)．(想要獲得更多的樂趣和寧靜，我們不須要成為一個專業的詩人，但是我們可以培育詩人的心態。)”可知，空前提出了要培育一個詩人的良好心態，且后文介紹了三種培育詩人心態的方法，故B項“我們應當怎樣簡潔地駕馭它呢？”符合語境，承上啟下。故選B。2．依據空前“Everythingisinterrelatedandplaysapartinagreaterwhole.(全部事情都是內部有聯系的，并且在更大的整體上起著重要的作用。)”可知，F項“因此，每件事都值得被留意，都值得被欣賞”符合，空前說明全部事情都是內部有聯系的，因此這些事都值得關注。故選F。3．依據本段內容“Apoemisaplacewhereyoucanpouroutyourhardfeelings.(詩歌是一個你能傾訴怨氣的地方。)”“Poetrycanbeastoreroomforeverythingdifficultinyourlife.(詩歌可以儲存你生活中全部的困難。)”可知，本段主要介紹詩歌如何幫助你處理生活中的負面心情和難題，故A項“你的苦痛也是你的老師。”符合，知道如何用詩歌去處理生活中的苦痛，就能減輕生活所帶來的不易，就能幫助你更加主動地面對人生。故選A。4．依據空前“Don'tbeafraid.Youcanalwaysthrowthepageintothefireplaceonceyou'vefilledit.(不要害怕 ，一旦你將你的怨氣寫下來，你可以將這些紙扔進火里。)”可知，空前提出了如何用詩歌來處理內心的怨氣，故D項“你也可以將它裝進信封里，之后再來關注。”進一步說明處理內心怨氣的方法，符合。故選D。5．依據空后“Thereisalwaysgoodnesstobefoundonceyoutrainyourselftolookforit.(一旦你讓自己去找尋，你總能找到其好處。)”可知，空后提出假如我們主動去找尋，總會找到好處的，E項“詩歌幫我們記住才智的重要所在”符合，詩歌幫助我們記住才智的重要所在，只要我們主動去找尋，總會找到它的好處的。故選E。Ⅲ.語法填空Poetry,1.auniversalformofliterature,playsanimportantroleinancientChina.Poetryprobablyhaditsoriginsintraditionalfolkmusictensofthousandsofyearsago.Inthatera,therewerenoTVsorfilms,and2.writing(write)hadnotbeeninvented,sopeoplewouldsitaroundthefireatnightandsingsongs3.toentertain(entertain)themselves.Thesesongsreflectedthemesfromthepeople'sdaily4.lives(life),suchashuntinganimalsorsowingcrops.Sincenothingwassetdown,overtheyearsdifferentversionsofthesesongsdeveloped,andeachareawouldhaveitsownrespectiverhythm.Inadditiontothis,peoplewouldrecitestoriesofpastheroes.Asthesestorieswereoftenquitelong,theyoftenhadrhymeandrhythmtohelppeoplerememberthemmore5.easily(easy)．Whileinthebeginningsuchsongsandstorieshadaverysimpleformat,overtimetheybecamemorecomplicatedand6.prettier(pretty)．Thesewerenottheworksofamateurssittingaroundafire,7.butworksoftruepoetswhocaredabouttheirartandwhosometimesmadealivingfromit.Poetryplayswithsounds,words,andgrammar,8.whichmakespoetrydifficulttowritebutveryinterestingtoread.Poetryusescolors,feelings,experiences,andimagestopaintapictureinyourmind.Today,manyChinesepeople9.arebecoming/havebecome(become)moreinterestedinreadingpoems,nomatter10.inwhatlanguagetheyarewritten.Translationisgood,butbeingabletoreadintheoriginallanguageisbest.語篇導讀：本文主要介紹了詩歌作為一種普遍的文學形式，在中國古代扮演著重要的角色。如今，許多中國人對閱讀詩歌越來越感愛好，無論它們是以哪種語言為載體。解析：1．考查冠詞。句意：詩歌作為一種普遍的文學形式，在中國古代扮演著重要的角色。form意為“形式”時為可數名詞，此處泛指一種普遍的形式，應用不定冠詞，且universal的發音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。2．考