施心遠聽力教程3第2版Unit1Unit1Section1Part1spotdictationListeningskillTheexerciserequiresagoodmasteryofpronunciation,note-takingabilityandabetterknowledgeofvocabularyandstructure.-----accuratespelling;correctcoherenceandgoodunity.Questionforwarmingup:What’sthefuturehouselikeinyourmind?ThefuturehouseshouldmeettherequirementsofEco-consciousconstruction,whichmeansthehousefirstlyshouldbeenvironment-protected;andthenitshouldbecomfortableandintelligentandhi-teched.------remoteandelectroniccontrolled,economical.Section1:spotdictationInsulate;gadget;小配件

HousesintheFutureWell,Ithinkhousesinthefuturewillprobablybe(1)quite

smallbutIshouldthinkthey'Ilbe(2)well-insulated

sothatyoudon'tneedsomuch(3)heatingand(4)cooling

asyoudonow,soperhapsveryeconomical(5)torun.Perhapstheywilluse(6)solarheating,althoughIdon'tknow,inthiscountry,perhapswe(7)won'tbeabletodothatsomuch.Yes,Ithinkthey'llbefullof(8)electronicgadgets:thingslikeveryadvancedtelevisions,videos,perhapsvideoswhichtakeup...Thescreen(9)takesupthewholewall.Ishouldthink.Yes,you'llhavethingslike(10)garagedoorswhichopenautomaticallywhenyou(11)driveup,perhapselectronic(12)sensorswhichwill(13)

recognise

youwhenyou,whenyoucometothefrontdooreven.Perhaps(14)

architectsanddesignerswillbeabitmore(15)imaginativeabouthowhousesaredesignedandperhapswiththe(16)shortageofspacepeoplewillthinkofputtinggardens(17)ontheroofand,andmayberoomscanbe(18)expandedand,and(19)

contracted*dependingonwhatyouusethemfor,soperhapsthere'llbeabitmore(20)flexibilityaboutthat.Part2ListeningforgistThisdialogueisaboutmakinganappointmentwithDrMilton.Thekeywordsareappointment,DrMilton,onduty,alatertime,Thursday,March27th,5:30,6:15.SkillfordialogueKeywords(diction)Grammer,structure,sentencesRising-tone;falling-tone;mannerofspeaking

Section2Part1QuestionsforDialogue:1.What’sthepossiblerelationbetweenthetwospeakers?Theyarepossiblyboyfriendandgirlfriend.2.Whereisthisdialoguetakingplace?Inarestaurant.3.Theboysaysseveralthingswhichthegirlshouldnotreallybelieve,whatarethey?“itdoesn’treallymatter,doesit?Ihaven’tgotanythingbettertodo,haveI?I’veonlybeenwaitingforoveranhour.That’sall.Afterall,mytimeisn’treallythatimportant,isit?”4.Thegirlmentionstwiceaboutsthtoeat.Why?Becauseshewantstostoptheconversationlikethis.5.Whydoestheboysay“apityit’sSunday”?Becauseheknowsthegirlislying.Passage:Backgroundinformation

EveryJanuary,theattentionoftheentertainmentcommunityandoffilmfansaroundtheworldturnstotheupcomingAcademyAwards,thehighesthonorinfilmmaking.TheannualpresentationoftheOscarshasbecometheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsandSciences'mostfamousactivity.Theacademywasfoundedin1927inHollywoodandtwoyearslaterbegangivingawardsforachievementinmanycategoriesoffilmmaking.TheOscarStatuetteisaknightholdingacrusader'ssword,standingonareeloffilmwithfivespokes.TheOscarStatuette

CategoriesoftheAwards:bestpicture,bestactor,bestactress,beststory,bestdirecting,bestsupportingactorandactress,bestvisualeffects,bestscreenplay（編劇）andsoon.VocabularyDepict:(describe);torepresentinapictureorsculptureAnimate:(V--activate,energize/adj—alive,living)

togivelifeto

Spoke:oneofthebarsattachedtothehubofawheel,supportingtherimTrophy:(award,memorial)anythingwonorawardedasasignofvictory.Unscathed:(unharmed,unhurt)Sentencedictation1.Industryinsidersandmembersofthepresscalledtheaward"theAcademystatuette","thegoldentrophy"or"thestatueofmerit",butthetermneverstuck.2.Nohardevidenceexiststosupportthattale,butinanycase,bythesixthAwardsPresentationin1934,aHollywoodcolumnistusedthenameinhiscolumn.3.WaltDisneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettesonbehalfofhisanimatedfeatureSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.4.Ifthestatuettesdon'tmeetstrictqualitycontrolstandards,theyareimmediatelycutinhalfandmelteddown.5.ThelargeboxesareshippedtotheAcademyofficesviaairexpress,withnoidentifiablemarkings.ExerciseCDetailedListening

!

T1.TherewerefiveoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy.(BecausethefivespokesonthereeloffilmsignifytheoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy:Actors,Writers,Directors,Producers,andTechnicians.)F2.TheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar"in1928.(Bornin1928,yearswouldpassbeforetheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar.")T3.TheAcademystaffbeganreferringtotheAcademystatuetteasOscarbecauseMargaretHerricksaidthe.statuettewaslikeheruncleOscar.(AnAcademylibrarianandeventualexecutivedirector,MargaretHerrick,thoughtthestatuetteresembledheruncleOscarandsaidso,andasaresulttheAcademystaffbeganreferringtoitasOscar.)F4.Sinceitsconception,theOscarstatuettehasmetexactinguniformstandards.(Therewereafewnotableexceptions.In1930s,juvenileplayersreceivedminiaturereplicasofthestatuetteandaventriloquistEdgarBergengainedawoodenstatuettewithamoveablemouth.WaltDisneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettes.)T5.Oscarsweremadeofplasterinthe1940sbecauseoftheWar.(Between1942and1944,insupportofthewareffort,Oscarsweremadeofplaster.)T6.Themanufacturer,R.S.Owensmakesabout50OscarseachyearinChicago.(Approximately50OscarsaremadeeachyearinChicagobythemanufacturer,R.S.Owens.)F7.55AcademyAwardswerestolenbyamysteriouspersonenroutefromtheWindyCitytotheCityofAngelsonMarch10,2000.(OnMarch10,2000,55AcademyAwardsjustmysteriouslyvanishedenroutefromtheWindyCitytotheCityofAngels,buthowandbywhomwasunknown.)F8.Foreightyyears,theOscarshavesurvivedwar,weatheredearthquakes,managedtoescapeunscathedfromcommonthievesandevenchemicalcorrosion.(Since1995,however,R.S.Owenshasrepairedmorethan160statuettes."Maybesomebodyusedchemicalsonthemtopolishthemandthechemicalsrubbedrightthroughthelacquerandintothegold.")tapescript

TheOscarstatuette,designedbyMGM's*chiefartdirectorCedricGibbons,depicts*aknightholdingacrusader's*sword,standingonareeloffilmwithfivespokes,signifyingtheoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy:Actors,Writers.Directors,Producers,andTechnicians.Bornin1928,yearswouldpassbeforetheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar".Industryinsidersandmembersofthepresscalledtheaward"theAcademystatuette","thegoldentrophy"or"thestatueofmerit".Theentertainmenttradepaper,WeeklyVariety,evenattemptedtopopularize"theironman".Thetermneverstuck.ApopularstoryhasbeenthatanAcademylibrarianandeventualexecutivedirector,MargaretHerdck,thoughtthestatuetteresembledheruncleOscarandsaidso,andthatasaresulttheAcademystaffbeganreferringtoitasOscar.

Nohardevidenceexiststosupportthattale,butinan5'case,bythesixthAwardsPresentationin1934,HollywoodcolumnistSidneySkolskyusedthenameinhiscolumninreferencetoKatharineHepburn'sfirstBestActresswin.TheAcademyitselfdidn'tusethenicknameofficiallyuntil1939.Sinceitsconception,theOscarstatuettehasmetexactinguniformstandards--withafewnotableexceptions.Inthe1930s,juvenileplayersreceivedminiaturereplicas*ofthestatuette;aventriloquist*EdgarBergenwaspresentedwithawoodenstatuettewithamoveablemouth;andWaltDisneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettesonbehalfofhisanimatedfeatureSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.Between1942and1944,insupportofthewareffort,Oscarsweremadeofplaster.AftertheWar,winnersturnedinthetemporaryawardsforgoldenOscarstatuettes.

ThetraditionalOscarstatuette,however,hasn'tchangedsincethe1940s,whenthebasewasmadehigher.In1945,thebasewaschangedfrommarbletometalandin1949,AcademyAwardstatuettesbegantobenumbered,startingwithNo.501.Approximately50OscarsaremadeeachyearinChicagobythemanufacturer,R.S.Owens.Iftheydon'tmeetstrictqualitycontrolstandards,thestatuettesareimmediatelycutinhalfandmelteddown.EachawardisindividuallypackedintoaStyrofoam*containerslightlylargerthanashoebox.Eightofthesearethenpackedintoalargercardboardbox,andthelargeboxesareshippedtotheAcademyofficesinBeverlyHillsviaairexpress,withnoidentifiablemarkings.

OnMarch10,2000,55AcademyAwardsmysteriouslyvanishedenroutefromtheWindyCity*totheCityofAngels.Ninedayslater,52ofstolenstatuetteswerediscoverednexttoaDumpster*intheKoreatownsectionofLosAngelesbyWillieFulgear,whowaslaterinvitedbytheAcademytoattendtheOscar2000ceremoniesasaspecialguest.Foreightdecades,theOscarshavesurvivedwar,weatheredearthquakes,andevenmanagedtoescapeunscathed*fromcommonthieves.Since1995,however,R.S.Owenshasrepairedmorethan160statuettes."Maybesomebodyusedchemicalsonthemtopolishthemandthechemicalsrubbedrightthroughthelacquer*andintothegold,"explainsthecompanypresident."Ormaybepeoplestoredthemsomeplacewheretheycorroded."Althoughhestressesthatthestatuetteismadetoendure,SiegeloffersthissageadvicetoallOscarwinners:"Ifitgetsdusty,simplywipeitwithasoftdrycloth."SectionthreeNews

Ex.A:SummarizethenewsThisnewsitemisaboutthecomingParalympics2008.Ex.B:Answerthequestions1.TheBeijingOlympicsendedSundaynightwithagrandclosingceremony.2.Beijing'sorganization,infrastructure,andiconicsportsvenuesforthegamesdrewwidelypraisedduringtwoweeksofcompetition..3.BeijingisnowgearinguptohosttheParalympics-theworld'sbiggestsportingeventforthosewithphysicaldisabilities.4.DuringtheParalympics,therewillbe16dedicatedpublicbuslinesforthedisabledand400shuttlebuses.5.Yes,theywillcompeteinandstayinthesamefacilitiesusedforOlympics,includingthepopularWaterCubeandBird'sNeststadium.Newsitem2Ex.A:ListentothenewsandcompletethesummaryThisnewsitemisaboutthehigh-levelUS-ChinatalksthatObamaopens.Ex.B:PresidentObamasaysWashingtonandBeijingmustcooperatetotacklethebigproblemsfacingtheworld.MrObamaspoketohigh-levelAmericanandChineseofficialsastheylaunchedatwo-daymeetinginWashington.TheU.S.ChinaStrategicandEconomicDialogueistodiscussabroadagendafromcurrencyconcernstoforeignpolicy.Thepresidentsaidtheofficialsmustworktogethertotackleworldwidechallenges,includingtheglobaleconomicrecession,climatechange,andthespreadofnuclearweapons.ThepresidentsaidheisundernoillusiontheUnitedStatesandChinawillagreeoneveryissue,oralwaysseetheworldinthesameway.Andhemadeclearthathewillcontinuetospeakoutabouthumanrights.PresidentObamastressedthatitisthesedifferencesthatmakedialogueevenmoreimportant.Hesaidthesediscussionsgivethetwosidesachancetogettoknoweachotherbetterandcommunicatewithcandor.Newsitem3ExerciseADirections:Listeningtothenewsitemandcompletethesummary.ThisnewsitemisabouttheoilsupplyfromRussiatoChinaandtherelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.ExerciseBT2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.FSection4

Part1FeatureReportDirections:Listeningtothenewsreportandcompletethesummary.Thisnewsreportisabout

China’smainconcernattheG-20meetingwhichisaimedatincreasingdomesticconsumption.

ExerciseBDirections:Listentothenewsagainandfillintheblankswiththemissingwords.JustaheadoftheG-20meeting,Chinaalsoloweredinterestratesandannounceda$586billionspendingpackage

oninfrastructure,socialservicesandtaxrebates.TheworldisnowwaitingtoseewhetherBeijing'sactionswillhelprestoreglobaleconomicstability.China'sViceForeignMinisterHeYafeisaysChinacanbesthelptheworldeconomybystabilizingitsown."China'seconomymakesupalargepartoftheworldeconomy,"hesaid."WhetherornotChina'seconomyisabletomaintainstability

andcontinuegrowing,whetherornot

China'sdomesticeconomy

isstable,isveryimportantnotonlytoChina'sbutalsototheworld'seconomy."Analystssaythegovernmentspendingpackage

willtosomedegreehelpexporters,butismainlyaimedatincreasingdomesticconsumption.Part2backgroundinformation埃及第一王朝的開國國王。他統一了埃及，開啟了法老統治時代，建立了在人類文明史上具有長期而輝煌影響的王國。

人物檔案

姓名：Menes美尼斯

生卒年：約公元前3100年(具體時間不詳)

出生地：提尼斯城

早王朝與古王國時代古埃及編年史家曼內托(前3世紀)，把埃及古代史分為31個王朝。第1、2王朝習慣上被稱為早王朝時代（約前3100～前2686）。傳說美尼斯統一上、下埃及，成為第1王朝的第一位國王。

古埃及真正的統一是在古王國時代(第3～6王朝，約前2686～前2181)。這是古埃及史上農業、手工業、商業、建筑業等各項事業全面發展的第一個偉大時代。隨著各州的被兼并，形成了統一奴隸制國家，政權機構加強，確立了以官僚體制為基礎的、君主獨裁的專制統治。奴隸主專制君主被稱為神之子或神的化身，不僅在今世，而且在來世也要維持其統治地位，因此他們生前就為自己建造地下世界的“永恒之宮”——金字塔。除專制君主外，奴隸主階級還包括貴族官吏、神廟僧侶等。他們不僅占有奴隸，而且依靠國家政權壓榨剝削農民、手工業者等自由民階層，致使某些自由民變成國王、貴族和神廟的依附者。從第5王朝起，地方貴族和僧侶集團的勢力逐漸加強。王室成員壟斷國家要職（宰相）的特權已被日益發展起來的地方權貴所打破。中央與地方勢力、專制政權與廣大人民之間的矛盾導致古王國的崩潰。

克莉奧帕特拉七世(CleopatraVII，公元前69—前30)，埃及托勒密王朝最后一位女王。她才貌出眾，聰穎機智，擅長手腕，心懷叵測，一生富有戲劇性。特別是卷入羅馬共和末期的政治漩渦，同愷撒、安東尼關系密切，并伴以種種傳聞逸事，使她成為文學和藝術作品中的著名人物。隨著克列奧帕特拉七世之死，長達300年的埃及托勒密王朝也告結束，埃及并入羅馬，成為元首的私產。

古代埃及神靈眾多，堪稱多神教，神靈總數號稱2000之眾。古埃及人相信身邊萬物皆有神靈相附，如大地、空氣、河流、天空、太陽、月亮、動物和植物，這些神靈是有形的，或為動物、或為動物首人身。古埃及人相信人類無法超越大自然的威力和能量，他們將這種來自大自然的力量視為神，敬之畏之，以求平安。阿蒙Amon底比斯的主神，因底比斯的興起而成為國家的主神。這個名字意指“TheHiddenOne”，圣獸是鵝和公羊。拉（Ra）：即太陽神，眾神之王，萬神之源，后與其他太陽神（主要是阿蒙Amum）合并，成為世界的主宰神——阿蒙拉Amum-Ra（可能源于埃及統一的背景）。舒（Shu）：風神，拉的兒子，古埃及人認為太陽帶來了風。舒是阿圖姆透過他的呼息創造出來的。他與自己的姐妹泰芙努特結婚生努特和蓋布。

泰芙努特（Tefnut）：雨神，拉的女兒，同時也是舒的妻子（近親結婚）。她是拉用自己的精液或分泌物(mucus)創造出來的。她與自己的兄弟舒結婚，生蓋布和努特。蓋布（Geb）：大地之神，舒和泰夫努特的兒子，拉的孫子。古埃及的這一信仰與世界的其他地區有所不同。在其他的神話中，大地之神往往表現為女神。蓋布的形象為鵝頭人身，身體呈綠色或黑色。蓋布關押著邪惡的人的靈魂，使他們無法進入天堂。蓋布與努特結婚生了歐西里斯、艾西斯、賽特和奈芙蒂斯。努特（Nut）：天神，舒和泰芙努特的女兒，拉的孫女，同時也是蓋布的妻子（又近親結婚）。相較于其他神話中常以男性形象出現的天神，努特是一位女神。太陽神拉每晚日落后進入她的口中，第二天早晨又從她的陰門中重生。她同時也如此吞咽和再生著星辰。努特同時也是死亡女神，大多數石棺（sarcophagus）的內壁上都繪有她的形象。法老死后會進入她的身體，不久后便會重生。

在藝術作品中，努特的形象是一位被舒支撐著，以星辰遮身的裸體女性；在她（天空）的對面是她的丈夫蓋布（大地）?！畾W西里斯（Osiris）：冥王和農神，蓋布和努特之子。他是一位反復重生的神，而他身上的綠色皮膚就有這種意思。他最后被埋在阿拜多斯（Abydos）城，是那里的守護神。一般在壁畫中，若臉上涂有綠色顏料，則表是在復活中或已經復活。他的崇拜儀式起于阿拜多斯（Abydos），因此那里有許多他的神廟。從十八王朝開始，他可能是最廣泛被崇拜的神祇。Osiris是非常具有智能的精神領袖，象征智能及死后重生，Osiris與妻子Isis的愛情神話非常著名，他們是Nut（母親）和Geb（父親）的孩子，是兄妹也是夫妻。這對靈魂伴侶最深的愛戀故事包括了生死、復仇、不滅的愛和身體重組等療愈故事，是埃及神話中最廣為流傳的生死秘義啟發。歐西里斯通常以一個蓄有胡子、頭上戴著北方之冠，手持令牌、曲柄杖和連枷的男性木乃伊狀人形為代表。埃及九柱之神

Horus(哈默迪)是荷魯斯最早的一個版本，他是一位獵鷹形態的造物神。他的眼睛是太陽和月亮。當新月出現時，他就成了一個瞎子，稱作Mekhenty-er-irty，意思是"沒有法老眼睛的人"，而當他的視力恢復時，他又被稱作Khenty-irty意思是"有眼睛的人"。眼盲時的荷魯斯時非常危險的，他有時會將朋友誤認為敵人并發起攻擊。他是奧西里斯與伊西斯的兒子，是萊托波里斯的守護神。阿努比斯Anubis

古代埃及神話傳說中一位豺頭人身的神明，是歐斯瑞斯（Osiris）的兒子，是引導人們死后的亡靈們來到地府接受審判，并測量亡靈的心臟有多重，以分辨在生前所做的好事、壞事之多寡。Sentencedictation1.TheNileRiverwasakindfriendbutoccasionallyahardtaskmasterofthepeoplewholivedalongitsbanks.2.Induecourseoftime,onemanwhogrewmorepowerfulthanmostofhisneighborsbecametheirking.3.Providedhewasnotobligedtopaymoretaxestohiskingthanhethoughtjust,heacceptedtheruleofpharaohasacceptedtheruleofMightyOsiris.4.Itwasdifferenthoweverwhenaforeigninvadercameandrobbedhimofhispossessions.5.EgyptregainedasemblanceofindependencewhenoneofAlexander’sgeneralssethimselfupaskingofanewEgyptianstate.DetailedListeningCBBAABDC

ExerciseDAfter-listeningDiscussionDirections:Listentothepassageagainanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.ThelastEgyptianqueen,Cleopatra,triedherbesttosavethecountrywhentheRomanscameintheyear39B.C.HerbeautyandcharmweremoredangeroustotheRomangeneralsthanhalfadozenEgyptianarmycorps.ShewassuccessfultwiceinherattacksupontheheartsofherRomanconquerors.Intheyear30B.C.,AugustuslandedinAlexandriaanddestroyedherarmies.Shekilledherselfbytakingpoison.2(Open)TheNileRiverwasakindfriendbutoccasionallyitwasahardtaskmaster.Ittaughtthepeoplewholivedalongitsbanksthenobleartof“teamwork”.Theydependeduponeachothertobuildtheirirrigationtrenchesandkeeptheirdikesinrepair.Inthiswaytheylearnedhowtogetalongwiththeirneighborsandtheirmutual-benefit-associationquiteeasilydevelopedintoanorganizedstate.Thenonemangrewmorepowerfulthanmostofhisneighborsandhebecametheleaderofthecommunityandtheircommander–in-chiefwhentheenviousneighborsofwesternAsiainvadedtheprosperousvalley.InduecourseoftimehebecametheirkingandruledallthelandfromtheMediterraneantothemountainsofthewest.Butthesepoliticaladventuresoftheoldpharohs(thewordmeant”theManwholivedintheBigHouse”)rarelyinterestedthepatientandtoilingpeasantofthegrainfields.ProvidedhewasnotobligedtopaymoretaxestohisKingthanhethoughtjust,heacceptedtheruleofpharaohasacceptedtheruleofMightyOsiris.theHyksosweredrivenoutofthecountryandEgyptwasfreeonc