Unit1TermsofShipmentintheContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoodsDearsirs,

Re：ContractNo.4567

Referringtoourpreviousletters,wewishtocallyourattentiontothefactthatuptothepresentmomentnonewshascomefromyouabouttheshipmentunderthecaptionedcontract.

Asyouhavebeeninformedinoneofourpreviousletters,theusersareinurgentneedofthemachinescontractedandareinfactpressingusforanearlydelivery.

Underthecircumstance,itisobviouslyimpossibleforustoextendL/CNo.6789again,whichexpireson20thDecember,andwefeelitourdutytoremindyouofthismatteragain.

Asyourpromptattentiontoshipmentismostdesirabletoallpartiesconcerned,wehopeyouwillletushaveyourtelegraphicshippingadvicewithoutfurtherdelay.

Yoursfaithfully,TheEquatorialTradingCo.,Ltd.Dearsirs,40metrictonsNiccoliteWearenowpleasedtoinformyouthatwehaveshippedtheabovegoodsonboards.s.“Wusih”whichsailsforyourporttomorrow.

Enclosedpleasefindonesetoftheshippingdocumentscoveringthisconsignment,whichcomprises:

1.

Onenon-negotiablecopyofB/L.2.

Commercialinvoiceinduplicate.3.

OnecopyofcertificateofQuality.4.

OnecopyofInsurancePolicy.

Theoriginalofwhicharebeingsenttoyouthroughourbankers.

Wearegladtohavebeenabletoexecuteyourorderascontractedandtrustthatthegoodswillreachyouingoodtimetomeetyoururgentneedandthattheywillturnouttoyourentiresatisfaction.Weavailourselvesofthisopportunitytoassureyouofourpromptandcarefulattentioninhandingyourfutureorders.

Yoursfaithfully,

ChinaNationalImp.&Exp.Corp.Section5WordBankportsofcall掛靠港/停靠港expirydate有效期presentationofdocuments交單partialshipments分批裝運shippingdocuments裝運單據/運輸單據linertransport班輪運輸shippingbychartering租船運輸sailingschedule船期表linerfreighttariff班輪運價表weightton重量噸measurementton尺碼噸directadditional直航附加費transshipmentadditional轉船附加費portadditional港口附加費portcongestionsurcharge港口擁擠附加費alterationofdestinationadditional變更卸貨港附加費deviationsurcharge繞航附加費optionaladditional選卸附加費bunkersurcharge燃油附加費additionalforexcessofliability超額責任附加費21.dispatchmoney速遣費22.shippingspace艙位Section6UsefulExpressions1.裝船日期1)ShipmentonoraboutMay20,2009.2)ShipmentnotlaterthanMay31st,2009.Or,Latestshipmentdate:May31st,2009.3)ShipmenttobemadeduringMay/June,2009.4)Shipmentwithin15daysafterreceiptofremittance.5)Shipmentwithin30daysafterreceiptofL/C.2.包裝要求1)Thepackingmustbestrongenoughtowithstandroughhandling.2)Pleaseseetoitthatthepackingissuitableforalongseavoyage.3)Takingintoconsiderationthetransportconditionsatyourend,wehaveespeciallyreinforcedourpackingsoastominimizetheextentofanypossibledamagetothegoods.4)Weareafraidthatweshallhavetochargemoreforthedesignatedpacking,asitcallsforextralaborandcost.5)Thepackingshouldbedoublebagslinedwithkraftpaper.3.詢問裝船1）Weshouldbegladifyoucouldmanagetoshipthegoodsbys/s…sailingfrom…onorabout…2）PleaseshipthefirstlotunderContractNo.…bys/s…scheduledtosailonorabout…3)Theusersareinurgentneedofthegoodscontractedandareinfactpressingusforassuranceofanearlydelivery.4)Astheseasonisrapidlyapproaching,ourbuyersarebadlyinneedofthegoods.Unit2ThePracticeofInternationalOceanCargoTransportationDearSirs，ThankyouforyourinquiryofJune30,2009.WearepleasedtoinformyouthattheM.S.PrincessVictoriawillbeloadingatNo.2Dockfrom8thto11thJulyinclusive.FollowingheristheM.S.MerchantPrince,loadingatNo.5Dockfrom20thto24thJulyinclusive.ThevoyagetoAlexandrianormallytakesfourteendays.Thefreightrateforcrockerypackedinwoodencasesis￡57.50perton.Weshallbegladtobookyourcasesforeitherofthesevesselsandencloseourshippingform.Pleasecompleteandreturnitassoonasyoucan.YoursfaithfullyForP&OlinesLTDM.PickupManagerSample2ShippingAgent’sAdviceofChangeinSailingTimeDearSirs,WeshouldliketodrawyourattentiontotherecentannouncementoftheGulfShippingCompanyregardingsailingfromportsinMiddleEast.Owingtothepoliticalsituation,noneofthecompany’spublishedsailingfromKuwait,JeddahorBeirutcanbeguaranteedtillfurthernotice.TheM.S.“COLOMBIA”,dueJeddahonMay11thwillsailtoschedule,butM.S“INDIAN”willnotcallatJeddahonMay18th.TheMiddleEastLine’svessel“REDSEA”willputinatKuwaitandJeddahbetweenMay20thandMay25th.Somedelaysininwardcargoesareinevitable,buteveryeffortisbeingmadetocleargoodsnowwaitingintheaffectedports.Outwardcargoeshavenotbeenaffectedbutmaysufferdelayifthesituationdoesnotimprove.Kindlycableusyourinstructionsfortheholdingorredirectionofconsignmentsnowawaitingshippingorintransittous.Yoursfaithfully,W.Section4Tips2. DifferentTypesofShippingServiceTheinternationalshippingmarketoffersfourtypesofservice,namely,conferencelines,non-conferencelines,non-vesseloperatingcommoncarriersandtrampservice.2.1 ConferenceLineAshippingconferenceisagroupofshippinglinesoperatinginanyparticularrouteunderagreementtoprovideascheduledservicewithacommontariffandafixeditineraryofportsofcall.2.2 Non-conferenceLinesInrecentyears,alongmostinternationalroutes,non-conferencelineshaveposedachallengetotheconferencesystem.Thisisattributabletothedevelopmentofcontainerizationandemergenceofmanyindependentcarriers.Asaresult,alongsomeroutes,theconferencelineshavebeenforcedtocometotermswiththenon-conferencelinesinregardtorates,andtermsandconditionofservice.2.3 Non-vesselOperatingCommonCarrier(NVOCC)AnNVOCCisacarrierwhooperatesaregularscheduledservice.Hedoesnotownoroperatethevesselsbywhichseatransportationisprovided.AlthoughtheNVOCCisacarrierinhisrelationshipwiththeactualshipper,heisashipperinhisrelationshipwiththeactualcarrier.Heassumestheroleofaprincipalandperformsseveralfunctions.Heassumesresponsibilityforoceancarriers,bothconferenceandnon-conferencelines.Herendersausefulservicebyprovidinggroupageorconsolidationservice,particularlytosmallshipperswhodonothavemuchbargainingpowerinnegotiatingrates.2.4 TrampServiceTrampservicehasnofixeditineraryorscheduleandisoperatedonanyrouteaccordingtosupplyanddemand.Trampvesselsareusuallycharteredatnegotiatedrates,particularlywhenthequantityofcargoislarge.Section5WordBankcarrier承運人commoncarrier公共承運人charter租船consignee收貨人deliveryorder提貨單documentoftitle物權憑證non-conferencelines非班輪公會航線NVOCC無營運船公共承運人portauthorities港務局，港口主管機關scheduledservice定期航運shippingconference班輪公會trans-shipmentpoints轉運地shippingdocuments貨運單證Section6UsefulExpressionsPleasecouldyouquoteyourinclusiveratesonthefollowingconsignments?Pleaseletusknowthepresentfreightratesforlargeshipments.Weshallbegladtoknowthetimeoftransitandfrequencyofsailings,andwhethercargospacemustbereserved;ifso,pleasesendusthenecessaryapplicationforms.Pleaseadviseusoftheloadingdates.Weshallbepleasedtohaveyourcurrenttariffs.itgivesusmuchpleasuretosendyouourquotationofthefreightratesaskedforinyourletterof…Inreplytoyourletterof10thMay,therateswecanquoteyouareasfollows…Thankyouforyourletterof23June,askingfortariffs.Foryourinformation,weareairmailingunderseparatecoverbrochuresgivingfulldetailsofthepresentfreightratesofourcompany.AsthecargoistobetransshippedatAntwerp,weshallrequire“ThroughBillofLading”.AllthecargoesarepayablebyusandtheBs/Laretobemarked“FreightPrepaid”.Thisisinreplytoyourinquiryof____,wearenowsendingyouaquotationofourtariffs.Pleasebeinformedthequotationissubjecttochangeonaccountofthesituationoftheshippingmarket.Wehopetohavethepleasureofdealingwithyourshipment.Wehavetoexpressourregretforbeingunabletoaccommodatethecargoyouofferedandtoexplainthatthissolelyonaccountofnecessaryspacenotbeingavailable.Withregardtotheaccommodationforadditionalcargoasrequestedinyourletterof(date),Iregrettoinformyouthattheshiphasnomorespaceallottedforthatcargo.Ifyourequireanyfurtherinformation,pleasedonothesitatetocontactus.Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanyfurtherquestion.Section7ExercisesReadthefollowingletterandworkouttheChineseversionwithyourpartner:DearSirs,InformationonContainerServiceThankyouforyourinquiryofMay12th.Theshippingcontainersweprovideareoftwosizes,namely10ftand20ftrespectively.Theycanbeopenedatbothends,thusmakingitpossibletoloadandunloadatthesametime.Forcarryinggoodsliabletobespoiledbydamporwatertheyhavethegreatadvantageofbeingbothwater-tightandair-tight.Containerscanbeloadedandlockedatthefactory,ifnecessary.Pilferageisthereforeimpossible.Beingtemperature-controlled,ourcontainersareprovidedforanycargothatneedsspecialcare.Thislendsitsfullbenefitinshipping.Thereisalsoasavingonfreightcharges,whenseparateconsignmentsintendedforthesameportofdestinationarecarriedinonecontainer,andanadditionalsavingoninsurancebecauseoflowerpremiumchargedforcontainer-shippedgoods.Weencloseacopyofourtariffandlookforwardtoreceivingyourinstructions.Yoursfaithfully,SpikeChungTranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.carriageofgoodsbyseaendorsementmate’sreceiptsshippingconferenceshippingdocuments3.Findapartnertodiscussthefollowingcable:RYC12THETA/HAIKOU2300/15THUREASTOWAGEDISTRIBUTION1H/9502H/23053H/17304H/12055H/970TOTAL7160TONSPLSARRANGEDISCHARGESOONESTMASTER4.6studentsinagroup.Workasbuyer,seller,andshippingcompanyrespectively.Trytomakeoutlettersonenquiriesandrepliesforinformationonshippingspace,freightrates,frequencyofsailing,charterhire,andothershippingservices.Unit3OceanFreightRatesTeachingAims:Oceanfreightratesmaybebroadlydividedintotrampratesandlinerfreightrates.Trampratesfluctuatewithmarketconditionsofsupplyanddemand.Linerfreightsarefixedbyshippingconferencesandotherlineroperations.Reasonableenquiryaboutoceanfreightratesandeffectivecalculationandreplyplayimportantpartsintheshipmentofthegoodsinforeigntrade.Thisunitaimsathelpingthestudentstolearnhowtowriteeffectivelettersaboutoceanfreightratesinshippingbusiness.Afewsamplelettershavebeenselectedforapreliminarystudy.MainDifficultPoints:1.Therulesofwritinglettersofenquiry.2.Therulesofwritinglettersofreply.3.ThebusinesstermsKeyWords&Expressions:Oceanfreightrates,tramprate,linerfreightrate,inclusive,vessel,enclose,tariff,observe,tothepoint,expectant,humbleness,favorableSection1WarmingupHaveadiscussionwithyourpartneraboutthequestion:inshippingbusiness,howtomakeenquiriesaboutoceanfreightratesandhowtoquotethem.Shareyouropinionswithyourclassmates.Section2Lead-inOceanfreightratesplaythekeyroleintheprocedureofshippingbusiness.Reasonableenquiryaboutoceanfreightratesandeffectivequotationswillmakegreatprofitsforcarriersandshippers.Understandingallkindsoffreightsisquitenecessaryinwritinglettersaboutoceanfreightrates.Section3SamplesSample1EnquiryforFreightRatesDearSirorMadam:Weneedoceanratesallinclusivefor40HCcontainersfromQingdao(China)

toMiamiorPortEverglades(USA)

withwoodproducts.About15-20x40HCperweek.Pleaseindicatecarrierandtransittime.SendyourpriceindicatingthetotalamountofmoneypercontainertobepaidtotheagentintheUSA(allfees,commissions,documentchargesetcmustbeincludedonthepricequoted).

Ifthepriceisrightwewillcontactyouback.thankyouveymuch,DearSirorMadam:WeareonthelookoutforExporters/ImporterswhoneedthebestofOceanfreightexIndianportstovariousportsworldwide.BesideswealsowishtoactasagentsforF/ForwarderswhoneedrepresentationatIndianports.Wepossess40yearsofshippingexperienceandcanhandleAtoZintheshippingfield.Sowhyhesitate,contactusimmedietlyandseethedifference.Awaityrpromptresponse.RegardsAlhajjA.S.BashaDearSupplier,WearepleasetointoduceourselevesasoneoftheleadingmanufacturersofCastIronandDuctileIronproductsinSouthIndia.Forthis,wewouldliketotieupwitharegularsupplierofCastIronScrap(Foundarygrade)alsocalledUsedrailscrap.Ourrequirementisabout250metrictonnes/monthandinjustafewmonthasweareheadingformajorexpansiondrive,ourrequirementwouldgoupto750metrictonnes/month.Requestyoutopleaseletusknowyourratepermetrictonneincludingfreighttofollowingaddress:Hyderabad,Pleasesendyourlowestquotations

attheearliest.

ThanksandBestRegards,SandeepSardaSample2QuotationforfreightratesSection4TipsSection5WordBankoceanfreightrate海運運費tramprate不定期船運費linerrate班輪運費lineroperator班輪營運人lumpsumrate整筆運費stowagefactor積載因數FreightAllKinds(FAK)Rates均一運費費率；不分貨種運費費率basicrate基本費率surcharge附加費bunkeradjustmentfactor燃油附加費portadditional港口附加費currencyadjustmentfactor(CAF)貨幣貶值附加費transshipmentsurcharge轉船附加費directadditional直航附加費heavyliftadditional超重附加費longlengthadditional超長附加費surchargeofbulkycargo超大附加費portcongestionadditional港口擁擠附加費optionalsurcharge選港附加費deviationsurcharge繞航附加費Section6UsefulExpressions1.OpeningPhrases&SentencesGenerallyUsedInBusinessLetters

1）特此奉告等

Toinformoneof;Tosay;Tostate;Tocommunicate;Toadviseoneof;Tobringtoone'snotice(knowledge);Tolaybeforeone;Topointout;Toindicate;Tomention;Toappriseoneof;Toannounce;Toremark;Tocallone'sattentionto;Toremindoneof;etc.

2）為(目的)奉告某某事項

a.Thepurposeofthisletteristoinformyouthat(of)

b.Theobjectofthepresentistoreportyouthat

c.BythisletterwePurposetoinformyouthat(of)

3）惠請告知某某事項，等

a.Pleaseinformmethat(of)

b.Begoodenoughtoinformmethat(of)

c.Obligemebyinformingthat(of)

4）特確認，本公司某月某日函件等

a.Weconfirmourletterofthel0thofthismonth

b.Wehadthepleasureofwritingyoulastonthel0thofthismonth

c.Confirmingourrespectsofthe10thMay,

5）貴公司某月某日函電，敬悉等

a.Wehavepleasureinacknowledgingreceiptofyouresteemedfavourofthe3rdMay

b.YourletterofMay5wasverywelcome

c.Wethankyouforyourfavourofthe5thMay

6）特回答貴公司某月某日函所敘述有關事項等

a.Ihavethepleasureofstating,inanswertoyourinquiryofthe4thinst,that

b.Inreplytoyourletterofthe5thofMay,Ihavetoinformyouthat(of)

c.Ihastentoansweryourinquiryofthel5thMay,bystatingthat

7）非常遺憾，我們奉告您關于，等。

a.Weregrettoinformyouthat(of)

b.ItistoberegrettedthatImustinformyouthat(of)

c.Iexpressmysorrowforannouncingyouthat

8）遵照某月某日來函指示，等。

a.Inaccordancewiththeinstructionsgiven(contained)inyourfavourofthe10thMay

b.Accordingtothedirectionscontainedinyoursofthe6thMay

c.Inconformitywith(to)yourinstructionsofthel0thult.

2.ComplimentaryCloseinofficialletters:

(Very)Trulyyours

Yours(very)truly

(Very)Respectfullyyours

Yours(very)respectfully

(Very)Sincerelyyours

Yours(very)sincerelyLovingly

Section7Exercises1.Fillintheblankswithawordbeginningwiththelettergivenbelow.Inreplyt__yourletterofJuly5th,theM.S.Moonisrecevingg_____cargofromJuly10thto15thi_________,andisexpectedtoc_____loadingon14th.P_________thatthereisnounduedelay,weseenor________whyyourgoodsshouldnotbeonb______by15thalthoughthiscannotbeg________.Wesuggestthatthe20casesshouldbed_________totheshipontheopeningdayandwewilldoourutmosttocomplyw_______yourrequest.2.TranslatethefollowingenquiryletterintoChinese.EnquiryforContainerServiceDearSirs,WewishtointroduceourselvestoyouasalargeexporteroffancyleatherbagsinChinaandlearnthatyourcompanyisnowoperatingacontainerserviceontheNewYork-Shanghairoute.Pleaseletushavetheparticularsofyourservice,includingthefreightchargesforit.Wecanpromiseyouregularshipmentsifyouquoteacompetitiverate.Thankyou.Welookforwardtoyourfavorablereply.YoursfaithfullyShanghaiDongshengImp.&Exp.Co.,Ltd.3.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish致悉尼新托馬斯船務代理公司代理先生：咨詢運費茲有一批自行車貨物1000箱由大連裝運到悉尼，請給我們報價包括碼頭費、駁船費、卸貨費及其他費用在內的運費率。敬盼佳音。“鳳凰”輪船長謹啟簽名大連港2010年2月1號4.Findapartnertowriteanenquiryandreplyletteraccordingtothefollowinginformation.Sender:IndiaTradeFairsLtd.Receiver:JeffersonShippingAgentCo.,Ltd.,U.S.ADate:TwentyfirstofFebruary2009Remarks:WriteanenquirytoJeffersonShippingAgentCo.,Ltd.,U.S.A,inquiringaboutthetimeofthevoyageandfreightratefor500tonsofpenutspackedinwoddencases.5.Teamwork.Divideyourclassmatesintoseveralteamswith5peopleineachteam.Playtheroleofship’smaster,shippingagent,businesspartnerrespectively.TrytomakeoutdifferentformsofenquiryandrelevantrepliesintheformofPPTandmakeapresentationnextclass.Unit4MarineCargoDamageandInsuranceTeachingAims:Cargodamageisaconstantproblem.Althoughallnecessaryprecautionarymeasurestopreventcargodamagemayhavebeentaken,itisnotalwayspossibletoeliminatedamagealtogetherinmarinetransport.Itcommonlyoccursinloading,dischargingorcarriage.Whencargodamagehappened,itisnecessarytocontacttheinsurancecompanytocoverthelosses.MainDifficultPoints:Thedifferenttypesofcargodamage.Thecoverageofinsurancetypes.Thebusinessterms.KeyWords&Expressions:FPAWPAAllRisksstainbulkheadsupervisionliabilitySection1WarmingupHaveadiscussionwithyourpartnerandgivealistonthedifferenttypesofcargodamageandwhattheexporterandimportershoulddotogetinsurance.Section2Lead-inWhencargoisfounddamaged,itisnecessarytoestimatetheextentofdamageandalsotofindoutthecauseofdamageforaclaimforcompensation.Damagedcargomustbeverifiedassoonasithasbeenidentified,latestatthetimeofarrivalofthevesselandcargoatthedestination.Intradebusiness,theusualprocedureisthatwhenthedamageiscoveredbyinsurance,andwhentheliabilityofdamagelieswiththeshippers,thesurveyor'sreportissubmittedtotheinsurancecompanyforaclaimforcompensation.Cargodamagecanbeclassifiedbycauseintothefollowing:A.OriginaldamageB.StevedonedamageC.HeavyweatherdamageD.SweatdamageE.PilferageF.InherentnatureorviceofgoodsMarineInsurancecoversthelossordamageofships,cargo,terminals,andanytransportorpropertybywhichcargoistransferred,acquired,orheldbetweenthepointsoforiginandfinaldestination.Cargoinsurancewouldcoverthegoodswhiletheyarebeingtransportedoversea,airandland(includesparcelpostandcarryingsbycourierservice).Section3SamplesSample1ReplytotherequestofinsuranceDearsirs,YourOrderNo.09-0260--3,000pcs.cushionsWehavereceivedyourletterofFebruary23,askingustoinsurethecaptionedorderforanamountof30%abovetheinvoicevalue.Althoughitisourusualpracticetoinsureshipmentsfortheinvoicevalueplus10%,wearepreparedtocomplywithyourrequestforgettingcoverfor130%oftheinvoicevalue.Buttheextrapremiumwillbeforyouraccount.Pleasetakenoteoftheabove.Yoursfaithfully,captioned標題項下的usualpractice習慣、通常做法complywith保持一致、同意premium保險費Sample2NoticeinsuranceDearsirs,Pleasebeinformedthatwewillbeshippingyourorderfor12c/sCameraspers/s"Peace",duetoleavehereattheendofthismonthorthebeginningofnextmonth.Unlessotherwiseinstructed,wewillarrangetotakeoutanALLRISKSinsurancepolicyforyouontheabovecargo.Thistypeofcoverageis,inouropinion,necessaryforacargoofthisnature.Yoursfaithfully,dueto由于coverage保險范圍Section4TipsGuidetoimportandexportfreightinsuranceclaims

Whentheinsuredlosses,aftertheinsuranceofthegoodstotheinsurancecompany'sclaimsarise，theinsuredpersonshallbeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthepolicytotheinsuranceclaimprocessingprocedures:1,thelossnotice:Whentheinsuredpersonorfindsoutthattheinsuranceofgoodsweredamaged,theyshouldimmediatelynotifytheinsurerinordertotesttheinsurerloss.Second,theinsuredpersonorhisagentinthedeliveryofgoodsobviouslyfoundthewholepieceisdamagedordeficient,inadditiontotheinsurancecompanyreportedthatloss.Third,totakereasonablerescue,organizemeasures:theinsuranceofgoodsdamaged.Fourth,toclaimbackallthenecessarydocuments:1,theoriginalpolicyorcertificateofinsurance;2,thecontractofcarriage,suchasbillsoflading,consignmentnoteandmailasingle,etc.3,commercialinvoices;4,packinglists,tallyvisas;poundsyardsdocuments,customs5,cargodamagecertificate(traintransportation-therailwaysectorshowsthattransportationandshipping-proofoftheportsector,car-trafficmanagementdepartmentcertificate),ifnecessary,shouldbeaccompaniedbyon-sitesurveyreportsandon-siteinventorylossrecord6,theclaimantlist;7,thelossphotos8,involvingthird-partyliability,providetotheresponsibleparty'smessageofrecovery,andothernecessarydocumentsordocuments.9,cargosalvagevalue(ifany)anditscalculationsorsupportinginformationinaccordancewith和…一致thelossnotice損失通知cargodamagecertificate貨物損失證明salvagen.從災難中搶救出來的財產Section5WordBankinsurancefreeof(from)particularaverage(FPA).平安險（單獨海損不賠）

insurancewithparticularaverage(WPA),basicrisks.insuranceagainstallrisks.綜合險，應保一切險

riskofbreakage破碎險

riskofclashing碰損險

riskofrust生銹險

riskofhookdamage鉤損險

riskofcontamination(tainting)污染險insuranceagainsttotallossonly(TLO)全損險riskofdeterioration變質險

riskofpackingbreakage包裝破裂險

riskofinherentvice內在缺陷險

riskofnormalloss(naturalloss)?途耗或自然損耗險

riskofspontaneouscombustion自然險

riskofcontingentimportduty進口關稅險

insuranceagainstwarrisk戰爭險

AirTransportationCargoWarRisk航空運輸戰爭險

overlandTransportationInsuranceWarRisk陸上運輸戰爭險

insuranceagainststrike,riotandcivilcommotion(SRCC)罷工，暴動，民變險

insuranceagainstextraneousrisks,insuranceagainstadditionalrisks附加險

riskoftheft,pilferageandnondelivery(TRND)盜竊提貨不著險

riskoffreshand/ofrainwaterdamage(wetting)淡水雨淋險

riskofleakage滲漏險

riskofshortageinweight/quantity短量險

riskofsweatingand/orheating受潮受熱險

riskofbadodour(changeofflavour)惡味險，變味險

riskofmould發霉險

ondeckrisk艙面險

Section6UsefulExpressions1.Wefeelitourdutytoremindyouofthematter.2.Ourinvestigationshowsthat,contarytothebadstowageasstatedinyourletter,thebreakageofthecaptionedgoodsisattributedtotheinferiorqualityofthecontainerswhichdonotcomeuptothestandardfortransit.3.Itisdifficulttodetectdamage,ifany,fromanexternalexaminationatthetimeofloading.4.Inrespecttothetowageofthispeculiarcargo,wepaidutmostattentiontothecoolnessofthecompartments,andespeciallyinpointofefficientventilation.5.Wehavesparednoeffortstominimizethedamagetotheremainingportionofthegoodsbyremovingpromptlythecontaminatedsubstancesfromthesaidgoods.6.Asourusualpractice,insurancecoversbasicrisksonly,at110percentoftheinvoicevalue.Ifcoverageagainstotherrisksisrequired,suchasbreakage,leakage,TPND,hookandcontaminationdamages,theextrapremiuminvolvedwouldbeforthebuyer'saccount.

7.AW.P.A.orW.A.policycoversyouagainstpartiallossinallcases.

8.W.P.Acoverageistoonarrowforashipmentofthisnature,pleaseextendthecoveragetoincludeTPND.

9.We'dlike?tocovertheporcelainwareagainstAllRisks.

10.FreefromParticularAverageisgoodenough.

Section7Exercises1.PutthefollowingintoEnglish海難船舶保險意外事故保賠協會折舊費通風不良一切險裝箱單2.Readthefollowingtextanddiscusswithyourpartnerontheformoftheletter.WorkouttheChineseversion:DearSirs:Tracing5casesRubberMarked“MEF”Singapore/MarseillesB/LNo.150Atthetimeofdischarging450casesofRubberfromSingaporetoNaplesuBillofLadingNo.155,whichwassincloseproximitytothecaptionedparcelinthesamecompartment,5casesotobe“Shortindispute”.Asyouareaware,althoughtheparcel,whichwaslatNaples,ismarked“TPC”,itisotherwiseindistinguishablefabove,andthepossibilityisthatthe5casesinqweremixedwiththeparceldforMarseilles.Inthisconnection,Ishallaitverymuchifyouwouldkinglyinstructallconcernedatyourstomacarefulcheckatthetimeofdeliverywithaviewtotthesame.Shouldthesecasesoutturnatyours,pleasefthemtoNaplestocompletetheshipment,dulyadvisingussothatwecanithoseinterestedaccordingly.Thankyouinanticipationforyourkindattentiontothismatter.3.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish事由：關于“東風”輪所載的蘋果貨損問題致收貨人：你方3月25日編號為BK-25函收到，獲悉我船所載的第148號提單項下1000箱蘋果貨從橫濱到倫敦航行中損壞150箱之事，我們甚感遺憾。有關的這批貨是裝載在2號艙底艙和二層艙內，在裝貨前由橫濱的勞氏檢察員徹底檢查過，艙室內的冷氣和通風情況完全符合運輸標準，使檢驗員和托運人均感滿意。在航海途中，我們也特別注意對上述貨物有效地通風。從上所述，我們可以斷定貴方所聲稱的蘋果貨損一定是該商品原有特性所致。這是我們無法控制的事情。因此，我們隊此項損失不能負責。另外，我們愿借此機會提請你們注意，托運人如不改進包裝，今后將不可避免地發生同樣損壞之事。相信此事會得到你們的充分理解。4.6studentsinagroup.WorkasShip’smaster,importer,exporterandinsuranceagentrespectively.Trytotakemeasurestocovertheinsuranceanddealwiththedamagegoods.Unit5ApplicationsTeachingAims:Applicationisaformalwrittenrequestyoumakewiththeappropriateauthoritiesforassistance.Inshippingbusinessmakinganapplicationisakindofregularwork.Lettersofapplicationhaveafixedpatternthough