1/1專題03形容詞，副詞形容詞是描述人或事物的特征、性質、屬性及狀態的一種詞類，主要用來修飾名詞或代詞。對于形容詞的考查多集中在三個方面：1.形容詞的比較等級；2.形容詞詞義辨析；3.形容詞短語搭配?？v觀近年各地市中考題，對在語言環境中考查形容詞詞義的題目有逐步增加的趨勢。在學習過程中，要在識記形容詞詞義上多下功夫，同時兼顧比較等級的各種變化形式。副詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點。從考查形式看，一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2～4分。從命題意圖看，側重考查考生的具體語言環境中使用副詞的能力。中考考查重點：一、形容詞，副詞詞義辨析；（重點，難點考題） 二、形容詞短語搭配；三、形容詞，副詞的級別 （重點考題） 1.(2023·武漢)—Maryis________aboutwhatsheeats.Sheneverhasjunkfood.—Agoodhabit.A.careful B.angry C.nervous D.relaxed【答案】A【解析】句意：——瑪麗對吃什么很小心。她從不吃垃圾食品?！粋€好習慣?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。careful小心的；angry生氣的；nervous緊張的；relaxed放松的。根據“Sheneverhasjunkfood”可知她不吃垃圾食品，所以對自己吃的東西非常小心。故選A。2.(2023·湖北荊州)—Thegirlsaretalkingabouttheartfestival_______.—Yes,theyhavesomanyfunthingstoshare.A.suddenly B.sadly C.badly D.happily【答案】D【解析】句意：——這些女孩們正在快樂地談論藝術節?！堑?。她們有很多有趣的事情一起分享。考查副詞辨析。suddenly突然地；sadly難過地；badly嚴重地；happily開心地。根據“theyhavesomanyfunthingstoshare”，可知她們應該很開心，故選D。3（2023·江蘇揚州）—Ilikeyourteapot.Ithasaveryfunnybutinterestingshape.—Thankyou.It’saworkofart,butitisalso________forteamaking.A.natural B.practical C.equal D.general【答案】B【解析】句意：——我喜歡你的茶壺。它有一個非常有趣但有趣的形狀?！x謝。它是一件藝術品，但它也可以用來泡茶?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。natural自然的；practical適用的，實際的；equal平等的；general普遍的。根據“It’saworkofart,butitisalso...forteamaking.”可知是指茶壺是一件藝術品，也適用于泡茶。故選B。4.(2023·湖北鄂州)—IsJulieastallasyou?—No,sheisn’t.She’s________thanme.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.thetallest【答案】B【解析】句意：——Julie跟你一樣高嗎？——不，她不是。她比我高?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。根據than可知，此處用形容詞比較級。故選B。【副詞，形容詞】A語法功能1.形容詞是描述人和事物特征、性質、屬性或狀態的詞。主要用來修飾名詞或不定代詞。一般置于所修飾的名詞之前、不定代詞之后。成分說明例句作定語一般放在所修飾詞的前面It’sacoldandwindydaytoday.今天是個寒冷、有風的天氣。作表語放在系動詞的后面Helookshappytoday.他今天看上去很開心。做補足語作主語或賓語的補足語，說明主語或賓語的性質、狀態或特征Ithinkitimpossibleforhimtofinishtheworkbeforedark.我認為他不可能在天黑之前完成這一工作。作狀語主要表示原因、伴隨或方式Hungryandtired,Ihadtostoptohavearest.又累又餓，我只好停下來休息一下。2，副詞是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句話的詞類，表示時間、地點、程度、方式等概念。?Weshouldlistentoourteacherscarefully.我們應該認真聽老師講課。?Heisveryhappytoday.他今天非常高興。?＂Whathappened?＂Iasked,ratherangrily.＂發生什么事情了？＂我相當生氣地問。?Inspring,Icanseeflowerseverywhere.在春天，我到處都能看到花。B副詞的分類副詞按詞匯意義可分為：1.時間副詞：today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still2.表示頻繁程度的副詞，也稱頻度副詞always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly等一般位于系動詞、3.地點副詞：here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home4.方式副詞：well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly5.程度副詞：very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite6.頻度副詞：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,neverC形容詞和副詞的比較等級中考考查重點：1.形容詞比較等級的用法及各種句型；2.副詞等級的用法及各種句型；3.比較級表示最高級的含義的用法。形容、副詞比較級和最高級的構成構成原級比較級最高級一般在詞尾加-er,-estgreat偉大的fast快地greater較偉大的faster較快地greatest最偉大的fastest最快地以字母e結尾只加-r,-stnice好的nicer較好的nicest最好的以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節，雙寫這一輔音字母,再加-er,-estbig大的bigger較大的biggest最大的以輔音字母+y結尾時，將y變為i再加-er,-esthappy高興的heavy重的happier較高興的heavier較重的happiest最高興的heaviest最重的其他雙音節和多音節詞，在詞前加more,themostslowly慢的difficult困難的moreslowly較慢的moredifficult較困難的themostslowly最慢的themostdifficult最困難的注意：(1)需要在其前面加more和most構成比較級和最高級的形容詞和副詞。如：interesting,important,expensive,useful,careful,carefully,dangerous,delicious,serious,famous,difficult,wonderful,comfortable,popular,enjoyable...(2)某些由形容詞加-ly構成的副詞，也是在其前面加more和most構成比較級和最高級。如：slowly→moreslowly→mostslowlyquietly→morequietly→mostquietly(3)形容詞的最高級前要用定冠詞the,副詞的最高級前可省略定冠詞the。如：Jackistheearliestboytocometoschool.Michaelruns(the)fastestinhisclass.不規則原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolderelderoldesteldest形容詞和副詞原級的用法結構意思as+形容詞/副詞+as和……一樣notas/so+形容詞/副詞+as不及／不如……so+形容詞/副詞+that從句如此……以至于……too+形容詞/副詞+todosth.太……而不能……形容詞/副詞+enoughtodosth.足夠……倍數+as+形容詞/副詞+as表示倍數Such+a(an)+形容詞+可數名詞單數=so+形容詞+a(an)+可數名詞單數如此；這樣such+形容詞+可數名詞復數/不可數名詞形容詞和副詞比較級的用法：結構意思...比較級+than...兩個事物/人比較Whichis+比較級，...or...?less+原級+than...不及……The+比較級...，the+比較級...越……就越……...比較級+and+比較級...越來越……倍數+比較級+than+被比較的對象表示倍數...比較級+thananyother+名詞單數+in(of)...=...比較級+thantheother+名詞復數+in(of)...比其他……都……形容詞和副詞最高級的用法：結構意思...oneofthe+最高級+名詞復數之一...最高級+of(in)...可以轉換為：...比較級+thananyother+n.(單數)+in(of)...最……比……任何一個都……Thisis/wasthe+最高級+名詞+that定語從句/...be+序數詞+最高級+可數名詞的單數+in(of).../4.注意：(1)有的詞既是副詞又是形容詞。如：fast,late,hard,early,deep...(2)hard既是形容詞也是副詞,作形容詞時意為“困難的；艱苦的；堅硬的”，作副詞時意為“努力地；猛烈地”。hardly的意思是“幾乎不”,它和hard的意思完全不同。如：Hestudieshard.他努力學習。Hehardlystudies.他幾乎不學習。(3)有許多副詞是從形容詞轉化而來的。一般在形容詞詞尾加上-ly構成。如：careful→carefully，bad→badly，free→freely，slow→slowly(4)在比較級前可以用even，abit，alittle，alot,much,still,far等修飾。如：Heisfarhealthierthanbefore.IwritemuchmorewordsthanSally.一、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的最高級形式1.close_______________________________ 2.creative______________________________3.funny_______________________________ 4.friendly_____________________________5.good_______________________________ 6.boring_______________________________7.little_______________________________ 8.easy_______________________________9.bad_______________________________ 10.fresh_______________________________11.many_______________________________12.dry_______________________________13.interesting____________________________14.well_____________________________ 15.useful_____________________________16.beautifully__________________________17.careful_____________________________18.slowly ____________________________19.far_______________________________20.wet_______________________________二、副詞的構成形容詞類型構成相應副詞的方法舉例一般情況在形容詞后直接加-lyquick—__________slow—___________以y結尾的形容詞先將y改成i,再加-lyhappy—__________busy—__________絕大多數以e結尾的形容詞 直接加-lypolite—_________wide—__________少數以e結尾的形容詞要去掉e再加-lytrue—_________terrible—________特殊情況與形容詞同形earlyadj.—___________.highadj.—___________.三、形容詞副詞常用結構1，A>B比較級+than2，A=Bas…as3,A<Bnotas(so)….as 4,比較級的修飾語有than:much,even,alittle,alot,+比較級5,比較級+and+比較級,表示“越來越”warmerandwarmer,nicerandnicer,moreandmorebeautiful,The+比較級，the+比較級表示“越來越”themore，thebetter.6,表示“最……之一”，用oneof+最高級+復數名詞；基本句型訓練：1.他多么的開心啊！______________________heis!2.他玩得多么開心了。______________________heisplaying!3.我覺得英語和語文一樣重要。Inmypointofview,Englishis__________________________Chinese.4.我姐姐我細心得多。Mysisteris_____________________________thanme.5.他媽媽很高興。看！她正開心地在房間唱歌。Hismotherisvery__________.Look!She_____________________________intheroom.6.老師告訴我們一些有趣的事情Theteachertoldus_____________________.7.這石頭太重我幫不動Thestoneis__________________________________________carry.8.這音樂聽起來很美妙Themusic______________________.9.那個公園變得越來越美麗。Theparkisgetting____________________________.10.雨正變得越來越大。Therainisbecoming_____________________.11.你吃的越多就越胖。__________youeat,___________youwillbe.12.這本書比那本書難Thebookis_________________________thatone13.中山是中國最美麗的城市之一。Zhongshanisoneof____________________________citiesinChina.14這本書比那本書更有得多趣。Thisbookis______________________________________________thatone.15.這本書不及那本書有趣。Thisbook_________________________________________thatone四、選擇題1（2023·江蘇揚州）—Ilikeyourteapot.Ithasaveryfunnybutinterestingshape.—Thankyou.It’saworkofart,butitisalso________forteamaking.A.natural B.practical C.equal D.general2.(2023·湖北鄂州)—IsJulieastallasyou?—No,sheisn’t.She’s________thanme.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.thetallest3.(2023·湖北黃石)InSwitzerland,keepingonlyonegoldfishisn’tallowed,becauseitisverybadtomakesuch________animalslivealone.A.lucky B.social C.patient D.dangerous4.(2023·湖北十堰市)—AsfarasIknow,thehigh-speedrailwayfromShiyantoXi’anwillbefinishedsoon.—Yeah.Itwillbemore________forustotraveltoXi’an.A.dangerous B.difficult C.convenient D.traditional5.(2023·江蘇徐州)Mycousinis________.Heneverforgetsthethingsheneedstodo.A.energetic B.curious C.organized D.confident6.(2023·江蘇無錫)Dressingupasaghostis________unusualinourculture.Peoplethinkitwillbringbadluck.A.hardly B.hard C.highly D.high7.(2023·安徽)—Campingtripsinspringhavebecomevery________insouthernChina.—Exactly.That’sbecausetheseareashavewarmerweatherandanearlierfloweringseason.A.hot B.safe C.cheap D.hard8.(2023·安徽)Frommychildhood,I________remembermyparentsworkingharddayandnight.A.clearly B.patiently C.suddenly D.politely9.(2023·沈陽)Thedeliciousfoodand________waitersmadeushappywiththerestaurant.A.slow B.tired C.awful D.polite10.(2023·山東濱州)—HowamazingChatGPTis!—Yes.Thenewinventionmakesitquite________forpeopletowritepapersandstories.A.late B.simple C.natural D.difficult11.(2023·山東濱州)—Father’sDayisaroundthecorner,butIdon’thavemoneytobuyagiftformydad.—Whynotmakeacardbyyourself?Hewill________loveit.A.widely B.smoothly C.hardly D.certainly12.(2023·山東青島)Weshouldeat________fruitandvegetablestokeephealthy.A.free B.fresh C.soft D.sweet13.(2023·北京)—Whichdoyoulike________,swimmingorskating?—Swimming.A.well B.better C.best D.thebest14.—Beinghomesickisafeeling________tomanypeopleintheworld.—Yes.That’swhymanypoetsworldwidehavewrittenaboutthistopic.A.similar B.common C.close D.strange15.—It’ssaidthatpeopleusuallyraisetheirvoicewhentellingalie.—That’sprobablybecausetheyare________.A.angry B.uneasy C.excited D.surprised16.Clearwatersandgreenmountainsareas________asmountainsofgoldandsilver.A.silent B.general C.valuable D.private17.—Whatdoyouthinkofthemaninthetalentshow?—Heisso________.Hecanmakedifferentchangingpictureswithsand.A.common B.creative C.careless D.helpful18.—Danielcangetgoodmarksinallhissubjects,buthenevershowsoffandalwayshelpsothers.—Icannotagreewithyoumore.Heisa________boy.A.patient B.generous C.curious D.modest19.Teenagersshouldn’tspendplentyoftimeon________products.Theyarebadforeyes.A.national B.basic C.electronic D.natural20.Some________informationlikefingerprintscanhelpthepolicefindtherealcriminal.A.national B.musical C.personal D.social21.—Anne,theinformationisreally________.Thankyouverymuch.—Notatall.IamhappyIcanhelpyou.A.enjoyable B.available C.valuable D.comfortable22.It’s________topushinbeforeotherswhilewaitingforthebus.A.impossible B.impatient C.impolite D.inconvenient23.Doyouknowyogurtwasa(n)________invention?Whenpeoplepackedmilkwithbags,thegerms(細菌)reactedwiththemilk,andyogurtcameintobeing.A.correct B.accidental C.patient D.strong24.We’renotvery________friendsthoughwe’veknowneachotherforalongtime.A.serious B.creative C.close D.fresh25.—Becarefulwhenyouaredriving,____________inarainstormlikethis.Thanks,Iwill.A.especially B.properly C.probably D.frequently26.—Doesyourbrotherlikehisnewjob?—Ithinkso.Heworks________,buthefeels________.A.hard;happily B.hard;happy C.hardly;happily D.hardly;happy27.—Tom,haven'tyouhelpedyourparentsdothehousework_______?—Yes,I'vehelpedthemwashthedishes_______.A.already;yet B.yet;yet C.already;already D.yet;already28.Shanghaiisalargeandmoderncity,butitalsohaslotsof________places.A.history B.historical C.famous D.morefamous29.Allthe________thingsneedairandwater.Withoutairorwater,nothingcouldstay________.A.living;living B.living;alive C.alive;alive D.alive;living30.Myfathertooksome________actionstoloseweight.Forexample,heatesmallbuthealthymealsandtookexerciseeveryday.A.powerful B.peaceful C.pleasant D.practical31.The________lookonhisfacesuggestedthathe________that.A.surprising;hadn’texpected B.surprised;hadn’texpectedC.surprising;wouldexpect D.surprised;shouldn’texpect32.—Areyougoingtotheairportbybus?—No,I’mgoingtotakeataxi.It’s________.A.quicker B.cheaper C.thequickest D.thecheapest33.“Excuseme,istherealibrarynearhere?”thegirlasksme________.A.widely B.politely C.nearly D.hardly34.Takeyourhomework________everyday.Ibelieveyoucanimproveyourselfalot.A.comfortably B.truly C.cheaply D.seriously35.Ican________workoutthesemathproblems.They’rejusttoohard.A.simply B.easily C.hardly D.gradually36.The“doublereduction”(雙減)policymakesitpossibleforstudentstohavemore________timetodooutdooractivities.A.spare B.proud C.central D.absent37.—Ourlifewillbemore________if5Gtechnologyisusedwidely.—Yes,Iquiteagreewithyou.A.unusual B.general C.active D.convenient38.—Nelly,wereyou________attheresultofthesingingcompetition?—Yes.Wethoughtitwasa________result.A.surprising;surprised B.surprised;surprisingC.surprising;surprising D.surprised;surprised39.________wetakesubwaysinthefuture,________airpollutiontherewillbeinourcity.A.Theless;thefewer B.Thefewer;themore C.Themore;theless D.Thefewer;thefewer40.—Whatdoyouthinkofthesoapoperas?—Ithinktheyare________.Idon'tlikethematall.A.serious B.meaningless C.enjoyable D.educational41.Justbe________,youcan’tmakesuchgreatprogressinaday.Ittakestime.A.honest B.humorous C.active D.patient42.Toprotecttheenvironment,we’dbettertakeour________bagswhenwegoshopping.A.believable B.enjoyable C.reusable D.comfortable43.—Whosings________ofthethreegirls?—Mary.Ithinknoonesings________beautifullythanher.A.better;themost B.better;more C.thebest;themost D.thebest;more44.________news!Tomhaswonthe________race.A.Whatexcited;800metres’ B.Whatexciting;800-metreC.Howexcited;800-metre D.Howexciting;800metres’45.—Guangzhouisoneof________citiesinChina.—Yes,andit’swarminwinter.A.themostbeautiful B.morebeautiful C.verybeautiful D.muchbeautiful46.—What’syourpredictionaboutthefuture,Jill?—Wewillhave________worktodobecause________robotswillhelpus.A.less;more B.more;less C.more;more D.less;less47.Wechatis________ofthetwowaystotalkwithfriends.A.themorepopular B.morepopular C.themostpopular D.mostpopular48.Cindyisa________volleyballstarandsheplaysvolleyballvery________.A.well;good B.good;well C.well;well D.good;good49.TheYangtzeRiverisoneof________intheworld.A.thelongerriver B.longestrivers C.thelongestriver D.thelongestrivers50.Nanjingisthesecond________cityinEastChina.A.larger B.largest C.morelarge D.mostlarge51.Mymomisa________cook.Shecooks________.A.good;well B.well;well C.good;good D.well;good52.Mybrotherisoften_______fromfamilymeetingsbecauseheistoobusy.A.absent B.available C.nervous D.terrible53.HanMingdidn’tlikemathatfirst,buthe________becameinterestedinitwiththehelpofhisteacher.A.especially B.gradually C.seriously D.clearly54.Sandy,youhaven’tchangedatall.Youstilllook________thesameasbefore.A.recently B.finally C.exactly D.hardly55.Theoldmanlivesina________town.Helives________,buthedoesn’tfeel________.A.lonely,lonely,alone B.lonely,alone,lonelyC.alone,alone,lonely D.alone,alone,alone56.WhenJudyfirstcametoChina,shefoundthecountrywas______thewayhergrandfatherdescribed:beautifulandpeaceful.A.curiously B.exactly C.probably D.properly57.Theboytriedoutfortheschoolfootballteam________becausehewasinterestedinit.A.hardly B.nearly C.simply D.specially58.IfoneofyourfriendssendsyouamessagetoborrowmoneyontheInternet,you’dbetterphonehim________firsttomakesureofthat.A.recently B.directly C.finally D.exactly59.Ican’ttellwhenthehousewasbuilt________,butitmustbeveryold.A.wonderfully B.differently C.exactly D.recently60.Mymother________useselectronicproductsbecauseshethinkstheyarebadforhereyes.A.usually B.seldom C.often D.always61.—Itisreportedthatadriverhelpedputoutthefireinacaronthehighway.—Yes,themanleft________,andnobodyknowswhoheis.A.slowly B.happily C.silently D.nervously62.Ihaven’theardfrommyson________.I’mworriedabouthim.A.recently B.suddenly C.properly D.quickly63.—Jim,youlookworried.Whathappened?—I________forgottodohomework.I’mafraidMr.Leewillgetangrywithme.A.exactly B.normally C.completely D.wisely64.WehavebeentotheChinaFolkCultureVillages________.A.lately B.late C.latest D.last65.—HowisSue?—Oh,shelivesabroad,soI________everseeher.A.hardly B.greatly C.nearly D.clearly59.Tomanypeople’ssurprise,stinkyLuosifenhasnowbecomethemostpopularsnack,butmanyothers,________theyoung,loveitsomuchthattheywishtohaveiteveryday.A.specially B.especially C.probably D.possibly66.—Canyoufinishyourworkontime?—Iamafraidnot.Mycomputerhasn’tworked_____