英語詞匯學年月真題

00832201510

1、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothecharacteristicsof

thebasicwordstock?

Allnationalcharacter.

Productivity.

A:

Stability.

B:

Terminology.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Basicwordstockhaveobviouscharacteristics:allnational

character,stability,productivity,polysemyandcollocability.不包含D選項。

2、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

Wordsmayfallintothebasicwordstockandnonbasicvocabularyby

usefrequency.

A:

Wordsmayfallintocontentwordsandfunctionalwordsbynotion.

Wordsmayfallintoloan-wordsandnotionalwordsbythedegreeofassimilation.

B:

Wordsmayfallintonativewordsandborrowedwordsbyorigin.

C:

答D:案：C

3、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthedescriptionofthe

relationshipbetweensoundandmeaning?

Thereisintrinsicrelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning.

Thesymbolicconnectionofasoundanditsmeaningisalmostalwaysarbitrary.

A:

Therelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningisconventional.

B:

Indifferentlanguagesthesameconceptcanberepresentedbydifferentsounds.

C:

答D:案：A

4、【單選題】IntheWesternset,____isthemodernlanguagederivedfromHellenic.

Latin

Greek

A:

Russian

B:

Spanish

C:

D:

答案：B

解析：在西部諸語中，現代希臘語（Greek）來源于古希臘語族（Hellenic）。

5、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheEnglish

vocabulary?

EnglishismorecloselyrelatedtoGermanthanFrench.

ScandinavianlanguagesrefertoIcelandic,Norwegian,DanishandSwedish.

A:

ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.

B:

InEarlyMiddleEnglishperiod,English,LatinandCelticexistedsidebyside.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：11世紀末開始，法語、拉丁語和英語一直并存長達一個多世紀。D選項表述有誤。

6、【單選題】FromthehistoricaloverviewoftheEnglishvocabulary,theperiod

ofOldEnglishis____.

from55B.C.to410

from450to1150

A:

from1150to1500

B:

from1500,thenuptonow

C:

答D:案：B

解析：古英語時期：450-1150

7、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOThaveinflectionalaffixes?

Happier.

Worker.

A:

Harder.

B:

Taller.

C:

答D:案：B

解析：音素的分類worker中的er并無語法功能，而是將動詞轉化為名詞，因此屬于

derivationalaffix。

8、【單選題】Theword“idealistic”comprises____morpheme(s).

1

2

A:

3

B:

C:

4

答D:案：C

解析：音素知識的應用idealistic三個音素分別為ideal,ist和ic。

9、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTastem?

Nation.

National.

A:

International.

B:

Internationalists.

C:

答D:案：D

解析：詞干的定義是可以往上加任何詞綴的詞的形式。從四個選項看，只有D不能往上

加任何詞綴了。

10、【單選題】Theword“sandwich”nowdenotesapopularfastfood.It

originatesfromJohnMontague,FourthEarlofSandwichin18thcentury.This

exampleshowsoneofthesourcesofEnglishvocabularyis____.

compound

propernouns

A:

back-formation

B:

conversion

C:

答D:案：B

解析：MordernEnglishhasalargenumberofwordswhichcomefrompropernouns.

Theyincludenamesofpeople,namesofplaces,namesofbooksandtradenames.現

代英語中有很多詞匯來源于專有名詞，包括人名、地名、書名和商品名。

11、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingwordsistheexampleofblending?

Motel.

Sandwich.

A:

Flu.

B:

AIDS.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Motel是head+tail的拼綴法構成的新詞，即motor+hotel，譯為汽車旅館。

12、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTanouncompound?

Moonwalk.

Ten-storey.

A:

Outbreak.

B:

Up-bringing.

C:

答D:案：B

13、【單選題】Themeaningsofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheirorigins.

Inotherwordsthehistoryofthewordexplainsthemeaningoftheword.Thisis

called____.

onomatopoeicmotivation

morphologicalmotivation

A:

semanticmotivation

B:

etymologicalmotivation

C:

答D:案：D

14、【單選題】a)Theychuckedastoneatthecops,andthendidabunkwiththe

loot,b)Aftercastingastoneatthepolice,theyabscondedwiththemoney.

Theabovetwosentenceshavethesameconceptualmeaning,butdifferin____meaning.

connotative

affective

A:

stylistic

B:

collocative

C:

答D:案：C

15、【單選題】____meaningindicatesthespeaker'sattitudetowardstheperson

orthinginquestions.

Conceptual

Stylistic

A:

Affective

B:

Denotative

C:

答D:案：C

解析：Affectivemeaningindicatesthespeaker'sattitudetowardstheperonor

thinginquestion.感情意義顯示了言者對于正在討論的人或事的態度。

16、【單選題】Wordsidenticalbothinsoundandspelling,butdifferentin

meaningare____.

homographs

homophones

A:

perfecthomonyms

B:

hyponyms

C:

答D:案：C

解析：發音和拼寫相同，但詞義不同的單詞互為完全同形同音異義詞（perfect

homonyms）。

17、【單選題】Words“change”，“alter”and“vary”aresimilarin

denotation，butembracedifferentshadesofmeaning.Theyare____.

absolutesynonyms

completesynonyms

A:

fullsynonyms

B:

relativesynonyms

C:

答D:案：D

解析：這幾個詞在外延上相近，但用法和詞義有細微差別，這類詞叫做相對近義詞

（relativesynonyms）。

18、【單選題】Wordslike“red,orange,yellow,green，black，etc.”makeup

the____of“colours”.

synonyms

hyponyms

A:

senserelations

B:

semanticfield

C:

答D:案：D

解析：紅色、橙色、黃色、綠色、黑色等屬于“顏色”的下義詞，同時構成了“顏色”的

語義場。注意題干中的謂語是makeup，本題選D。

19、【單選題】Vocabularyisthemostunstableelementofalanguageasitis

undergoingconstantchangesbothinformand____.

pronunciation

content

A:

spelling

B:

use

C:

D:

答案：B

解析：詞的形式和內容總是處于變化之中，是語言中最不穩定的因素。

20、【單選題】Themeaningoftheword“criticize”haschangedfrom

“appraise”to“findfaultwith”.Suchachangeiscalled____.

elevation

generalization

A:

extension

B:

degradation

C:

答D:案：D

解析：criticize的意思從“評價”轉變為“批評”，詞義發生了降格。

21、【單選題】Theword“meat”originallymeant‘‘food’，，butnowhascome

tomean“fleshofanimals”.Thisisanexampletoillustrate____ofmeaning.

generalization

narrowing

A:

degradation

B:

elevation

C:

答D:案：B

解析：meat的意思從“食物”轉變為“肉”，詞義發生了縮小。

22、【單選題】Ingrammaticalcontext,themeaningofawordmaybeinfluencedby

the____inwhichitoccurs.

structure

sentence

A:

phrase

B:

clause

C:

答D:案：A

解析：引起詞匯變化的因素包括詞匯因素和詞匯外因素。該題中的structure即語法。

23、【單選題】Theword“do”means“brush”in“doone’steeth”，whileit

means“arrange”in“dotheflowers”.Theaboveexampleshowsthat____affects

themeaningofaword.

lexicalcontext

grammaticalcontext

A:

non-linguisticcontext

B:

structuralcontext

C:

答D:案：A

解析：詞匯語境是指與討論中的詞一起出現的單詞。只有語境才能決定do的確切意義。

24、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthemajorfunctionsof

context?

Eliminationofambiguity.

Indicationofreferents.

A:

Formationofambiguity.

B:

Provisionofcluesforinferringword-meaning.

C:

答D:案：C

25、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthevariationsofidioms?

Repetition.

Dismembering,

A:

Addition.

B:

Shortening.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Occasionally,wemayfindchangesinconstituentsofidioms:

addition,deletion,replacement,position-shifting,dismembering,etc.

26、【單選題】“Throughthickandthin”isa(n)____.

verbalidiominnature

nominalidiominnature

A:

sentenceidiom

B:

adverbialidiominnature

C:

答D:案：D

解析：throughthickandthin是指throughalldifficultiesandtroubles，是一個

副詞性習語，表示“在任何困難的情況下”。

27、【單選題】Thereisa____intheidiom“byhookandbycrook”asfaras

rhetoricalfeaturesofidiomsareconcerned.

simile

reiteration

A:

repetition

B:

rhyme

C:

答D:案：D

解析：hook和crook元音相同，這個習語用了押韻腳的修辭手法。

28、【單選題】Webster'sThirdNewInternationalDictionaryisthebest-

known____dictionary.

unabridged

desk

A:

pocket

B:

encyclopedic

C:

答D:案：A

29、【單選題】Whenwechooseadictionary,weshouldpayattentiontothe

followingaspectsEXCEPT____.

unabridgedorabridged

BritishorAmerican

A:

earlyorlate

B:

monolingualorbilingual

C:

答D:案：A

30、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutaChinese-English

Dictionary(RevisedEdition)(CED)(1995)?

Theneweditioncutoffthepreviousalphabeticalorderofentries.

Theneweditionrevisedsomeoldentries.

A:

Theneweditionhasmoresinglecharacterentriesandmoremulti-

B:

characterentries,

C:

ThedictionaryboastsofthequalityoftheEnglishequivalents.

答D:案：A

31、【問答題】Whatisthedifferencebetweenrootandstem?

答案：Arootisthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurtheranalyzed

withouttotallossofidentity,whileastemcanbedefinedasaformtowhich

affixesofanykindcanbeadded.

32、【問答題】Pleaseexplainthedifferencebetweenthefollowingtwoexamples

fromtheviewpointofwordformation.(1)single(adjective)—>single(verb)

(2)simple(adjective)—>simplify(verb)

答案：Thefirstinstanceiscaseofzero-dervationorconversionwhereasthe

secondisone-ofsuffixation.

33、【問答題】WhatarethemajorsourcesofEnglishsynonyms?

答案：ThemajorsourcesofEnglishsynonymsareborrowing,dialectsand

regionalEnglish,figurativeandeuphemisticuseofwords,andcoincidence

withidiomatieexpressions.

34、【問答題】Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeanandwhatcontextualclueis

usedinthefollowingsentence?"Itisundesirabletowritewithtoomany

parentheses,apairofbracketsroundwordsorphrases."

答案：Parenthesesmeansapairofbracketsroundwordsorphrases.Thecontext

clueusedisdefinition/explanation.

35、【問答題】Take“Thedogischasingacat”asanexampletoexplainits

grammaticalmeaning.

答案：Grammaticalmeaningreferstothatpartofthemeaningofthe

wordwhicheindicatesgrammaticalconceptorrefatjonships.Intheabove

sentence,theword"dog"and"cat"arenounsandbothareingularusedas

subjectandobjectinthesentoncerespectively;"ischasing"isthepredicate

verbinpresentcontinuoustense,and"the"and"a"aredeterminers,

restrictingthepeferentandindicatingnumber.

36、【問答題】Commentonthefollowingpieceofdiscourseintermsof

superordinatesandsubordinates,sofarashyponymyisconcerned."Therewasa

finerocking-chairthathisfatherusedtositin,adeskwherehewroteletters,a

nestofsmalltablesandadark,imposingbookcase.Nowallthisfurniturewasto

besold,andwithithisownpast."

答案：Hyponymydealswiththerelationshipofsemanticinclusion,Thatis,

themeaningofamorespecificwordisincludedinthatofanothermore

generalword.Inthispieceofdiscoursegiven,"rocking-chair,desk,

tables,bookcase"arehyponymsunderfumniture.Thegeneralword

furnitureissuperordinateandrocking-chaifo-,tables,bookcasearesubordinates.

37、【填空題】Archaismsarewordsnolonger____inuseorobsoleteinuse.

答案：common

38、【填空題】ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:

creation,semantic____andborrowing.

答案：change

39、【填空題】Mostmorphemesarerealizedby____morphslikebird,tree,green,

etc.Wordsofthiskindarecalledmonomorphemicwords.

答案：single

40、【填空題】Agreenhandmeansan“inexperiencedperson”,not“ahandthat

isgreenincolor”.Thisexampleillustratesthatcompoundsaredifferentfrom

freephrasesin____unity.

答案：semantic

41、【填空題】Tables,menandpotatoesareallpluralnouns,sowecansaythey

havethesame____meaning.

答案：grammatical

42、【填空題】Thedevelopmentofword-meaningfrommonosemytopolysemyfollows

twocourses,traditionallyknownas____andconcatenation.

答案：radiation

43、【填空題】Thech