Unit1FacevaluesUsinglanguage語法PART.01主語從句Ⅰ.觀察感悟1....what

I

say

is

that

my

pictures

aren't

hurting

anyone,

so

who

cares?2.It

is

a

well-known

fact

that

the

faces

some

people

show

to

the

world

might

be

completely

different

to

their

real

personalities.3.How

others

are

feeling

is

not

something

that

we

should

make

assumptions

about,

because

it's

not

always

obvious

who

is

truly

happy.4.What

is

certain

is

that

comedians

often

use

comedy

to

help

them

understand

themselves

and

the

world.5.Where

we

can

look

up

his

address

is

still

a

problem.6.When

he

will

come

back

is

still

uncertain.觀察以上句子，分別寫出加黑部分在句中所作的成分：（1）句1和句4中what/What引導______從句，句1中what在從句中充當______，句4中What充當______。主語賓語主語（2）句2中that引導______從句，其中It為__________，that不充當成分。主語形式主語（3）句3中How引導______從句，并在從句中充當__________。主語方式狀語（4）句5中Where引導______從句，Where在從句中充當__________。主語地點狀語（5）句6中When引導主語從句，When在從句中充當__________。時間狀語Ⅱ.要點精析在句子中作主語的從句稱為主語從句。1.主語從句的引導詞及其在從句中所作的成分（1）連接詞that和whether①that引導主語從句，在從句中不充當任何成分，僅起連接作用，但一般情況下不能省略。②whether引導主語從句，在從句中不充當任何成分，但表示疑問意義，不可省略。溫馨提示that、whether引導的主語從句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾（放句尾時前面需用it作形式主語）。（2）連接代詞：who、whose、whom、what、which、whoever、whatever等（3）連接副詞：where、when、why、how等引導詞在主語從句中所作成分例句that不作任何成分（沒有詞匯意義）Thatyoudon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.你不喜歡他不關我的事。Itisimportantthatparentscreateapeacefulenvironmentinthefamily,whichishelpfulinshapingthechild'scharacter.父母在家里營造一個和睦的環境很重要,這有助于塑造孩子的性格。引導詞在主語從句中所作成分例句whether不作任何成分（意為“是否”）Whetherwecanhavecleandrinkingwaterdependsonwhateffectivemeasureswillbetakenbythegovernmentaboutwaterpollution.我們能否有干凈的飲用水取決于政府對于水污染采取什么有效措施。Itisstillunknownwhethertheplanwillbecarriedout.是否實行這個計劃仍然是未知的。引導詞在主語從句中所作成分例句what主語、賓語、表語、定語Whatishardistodogooddeedsallone'slifeandneverdoanythingbad.困難的是一輩子做好事，永遠不做壞事。WhatIwanted,morethananything,wasafewdays'rest.我最想要的是休息幾天。whatever主語、賓語、定語Whateveryoudoinyoursparetimeshoulddonoharmtoothers.無論你在自己的業余時間做什么,都不應該傷害別人。Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.在這里說的一切都必須保密。引導詞在主語從句中所作成分例句which定語Whichgroupdidthebestjobwillbedecidedafterthematch.哪一個小組做得最好,比賽后才能決定。who/whoever主語Whoeverisinahurryshowsthatthethingheisaboutistoobigforhim.不管是誰,匆匆忙忙只能說明他勝任不了他所從事的工作。引導詞在主語從句中所作成分例句whose定語Whosespeechispopulardependsonthereactionfromtheaudience.誰的演講受歡迎取決于聽眾的反應。when時間狀語WhenIwillsetoffforParishasnotbeendecidedyet.我什么時候動身去巴黎還沒有決定。引導詞在主語從句中所作成分例句where地點狀語Wherewewillgofortheholidayisbeingdiscussedattheclassmeeting.我們正在班會上討論將去哪里度假。how方式狀語Howitwasdoneisnotcleartoanyone.這是怎樣做的，誰也不清楚。why原因狀語Whyhewasabsentfromschoolisstillamystery.他為什么沒有上學仍是個謎。2.主語從句與形式主語it英語中，常常可以用it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在后面。常見的用it作形式主語的結構有：結構常用搭配結構例句Itis+名詞+主語從句It

is

a

fact/pity/shame/no

wonder/good

news/...that...ItisnowonderthathewonfirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcontest.他在英語演講比賽中獲得第一名是不足為奇的。Itis+形容詞+主語從句Itisnecessary/proper/important/essential/...that...［注意：這類從句中謂語動詞多為“（should+）動詞原形”］Itisnecessarythatwe（should）take

measurestoprotecttheenvironment.我們采取措施保護環境是有必要的。結構常用搭配結構例句Itis+過去分詞+主語從句It

is

said/reported/decided/believed/...that...It

is

not

known

whether...Itisbelievedthathardworkwillpayoff.人們相信,努力工作會有好結果。Itisnotknownwhetherhewillcome.他是否會來還不知道。It+不及物動詞+主語從句It

seems/happened/doesn'tmatter/...that...IthappenedthatIwenttovisitmyfirstteacherthatday.碰巧那天我去拜訪了我的啟蒙老師。結構常用搭配結構例句It+及物動詞+賓語+主語從句It

surprised/disappointed/worried/...sb.

that...Itsurprisedhimthattheycametovisithimsuddenly.讓他吃驚的是，他們突然來拜訪他。Itworriedherthatherhairwasturninggrey.她的頭發正在變白,這讓她很擔心。3.主語從句的注意事項（1）從句的語序在任何情況下,主語從句都用陳述語序。①Whicheverofyougetsherefirstwillgettheprize.你們誰第一個到達這里，誰就獲獎。②Howhesucceededisstillapuzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是個謎。（2）主謂一致①主句謂語用單數的情況：a.單個從句作主語時Whatlittleshesaidhasleftusmuchtothinkabout.她說的短短幾句話令我們深思。b.兩個或兩個以上的連接詞引導一個主語從句時Whenandwheretheconferencewillbeheldhasnotbeendecidedyet.會議將在何時何地舉行還沒定下來。②主句謂語用復數的情況：由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的主語從句并列作主語時WhentheywillsetoffforLondonandwheretheywillstayhavenotbeendecidedyet.他們將于何時出發去倫敦以及要住在哪里還沒定下來。③what引導的主語從句作主語時，根據意義一致原則決定主句謂語的數。a.若表示復數意義，則主句謂語用復數。Whathesaysanddoesdonotagree.他言行不一致。b.若表示單數意義，則主句謂語用單數。Whathesaysanddoesdoesnotconcernme.他的言行與我無關。Ⅲ.實戰演練單句語法填空1.

___

hit

me

that

I

had

to

attend

an

important

meeting

in

Shanghai

the

next

day.It2.

It

is

said

_____

he

is

focusing

on

a

book

on

space

exploration.that3.

_____

he

will

go

to

work

in

a

mountain

village

surprises

all

of

us.That4.

_________

you

can

make

your

dream

come

true

depends

on

hard

work

more

than

luck.Whether5.

______

Jack

gets

home

after

school

is

calculated

so

that

Mom

can

ensure

him

warm

meals.When6.

_________

does

harm

to

his

country

or

to

the

people

deserves

punishment.Whoever7.

_______

charity

they

will

go

to

has

not

been

decided.Which8.

______

he

turned

down

the

invitation

was

not

clear.Why9.

It

is

not

clear_____

he

got

here

without

any

money.how10.

______

she

couldn't

understand

was

that

fewer

and

fewer

students

showed

interest

in

science.What完成句子1.很遺憾,我們不能解決這個問題。_______________wecannotsolvetheproblem.It

is

a

pity

that2.我們需要做的是想出新辦法來改善現狀。____________________isthinkofnewwaystoimprovethecurrentsituation.What

we

need

to

do3.他為什么沒有通過生物考試不清楚。______________________________isn'tclear.Why

he

failed

the

biology

exam詞句精講·1assumptionn.假定,假設情境佳句①Howothersarefeelingisnotsomethingthatweshouldmakeassumptionsabout,becauseit'snotalwaysobviouswhoistrulyhappy.（教材原句）②IhaveassumedhimtobeanAmerican.我本以為他是一名美國人。歸納拓展（1）makeanassumptionabout對……做出假設ontheassumptionthat...假定……（2）assumev.假定;假設；認為assumesb.tobe...認為某人是……Itisassumedthat..