Unit5Music一、閱讀理解APainandsadnessarethingsmostofushaveexperienced，orprobablywill.Afterall，theyarepartofhumanlifeandweneedthematleastonetimetobecomefullyadult.Butthereisnoquestionthattheexperiencecanbedisastrous.Butresearchshowstherearepathwaysthroughtheheartache.Listeningtosadmusicisamajorone.Itcanhelpyoubegintofeeljoyandhopefulnessagain.Thatmaysoundconflicting.ArecentstudyfromGermanyfoundlisteningtosadmusiccouldbringafeelingofempathy（同感）andadesiretoconnectwithothers.That，itself，isapsychologicalrecovery.Itdrawsyouawayfromconcentratingonyourlife，andpossiblytowardshelpingothersinneedofcomfort.Anotherstudy，fromtheUniversityofKent，foundthatwhenpeoplewereexperiencingsadness，listeningtomusicthatwas"beautifulbutsad"couldimprovetheirmoods.Infact，itdidsowhenpeoplefirstconsciouslyembraced（欣然接受）theirawarenessofthesituationcausingtheirsadness，andthenbeganlisteningtosadmusic.Thatis，whentheybelievedthatsadmusicmighthelp，theyfoundthatitdid.Thesefindingsarelinkedwithotherstudiesthatshowembracingyoursadsituation—acceptingrealityasitis—quickensyourrecoveryandgrowth.Inshort，acknowledgingyournegativeexperiencebringsyouhope—anotherseemingparadox.Forexample，researchfromCornellUniversity，whichwaspublishedinPsychologicalScience，foundthatembracingdiscomfortaboutalifeexperienceornewsituationandviewingitasasteptowardsgrowthandchangeprovidedmotivationtofindapathwaythroughit.AsWinstonChurchillsaid，"Ifyou’regoingthroughhell，keepgoing."Thatdiscomfortpointsyoutowardscreatingaplanandtakingnewaction.Itfuelshope.本文是說明文。研究發現，聽悲傷的音樂可以幫助人們重新感受喜悅和希望，激活同理心和與他人聯系的欲望。【詞語積累】disastrousadj.極糟糕的，災難性的，完全失敗的pathwayn.途徑，行動路線conflictingadj.沖突的，矛盾的faceuptosth.敢于面對，勇于正視（困難或不快之事）【熟詞生義】fuel常用義：n.燃料文中義：v.助長，刺激，增加，加強【長難句解讀】Anotherstudy，fromtheUniversityofKent,found介詞短語作定語that(whenpeoplewereexperiencingsadness),listingtomusic(thatwas“beautifulbutthat引導的賓語從句，其中包含一個when引導的時間狀語從句和that引導的定語從句sad”)couldimprovetheirmoods.譯文：另一個來自肯特大學的研究發現，傷心時聽優美但悲傷的音樂能改善心情。1.Whatmessageisconveyedinparagraph1？A.Lifeisnotallroses.B.Misfortunesnevercomealone.C.Everycoinhastwosides.D.Enoughisbetterthantoomuch.解析C推理判斷題。由第一段中的"theyarepartofhumanlifeandweneedthem...theexperiencecanbedisastrous"可知，痛苦和悲傷是人類生活的一部分，我們至少需要經歷一次這些來成長，但是毫無疑問，這些經歷可能會是毀滅性的。由此可知，痛苦和悲傷既有好的一面，也有不好的一面，故C項切題。2.Whatdidresearchfindaboutlisteningtosadmusic？A.Itcanrelieveabrokenheart.B.Itislikelytohelppeoplefeelconfident.C.Itremindspeopleofthesufferings.D.Itkeepspeopleinthestateofconcentration.解析A細節理解題。由第二段中的"Butresearchshows...feeljoyandhopefulnessagain"可知，研究發現度過心痛期的方法有很多，聽悲傷的音樂就是其中一個重要的方法，故選A項。3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"paradox"inparagraph4？A.Barrier. B.Contradiction.C.Prediction. D.Tendency.解析B詞義猜測題。由畫線詞前的"embracingyoursadsituation...acknowledgingyournegativeexperiencebringsyouhope"可知，欣然接受現實可以加快你的恢復和成長。簡而言之，承認你的負面經歷會給你帶來希望。再結合畫線詞前的"another"及第二段中的"Thatmaysoundconflicting"可知，畫線詞的含義與conflicting的同屬一個范疇。由此可推斷，paradox應表達"自相矛盾（的情況）"的意思，故選B。4.WhydoestheauthormentionChurchill’sword？A.Toshowthepoweroffamoussayings.B.Topersuadepeopletowakeuptoreality.C.Toexplainthenecessityofmotivation.D.Toencouragepeopletofaceuptodifficulties.解析D推理判斷題。由倒數第二段中的"embracingdiscomfortaboutalifeexperience...findapathwaythroughit"可知，欣然接受某種生活經歷或新情況帶來的不適，并將其視為邁向成長和改變的一步，會為你提供走出不適的動力。最后一段表明：這種不適會讓你制訂一個計劃并采取新的行動。它能激發希望。再結合丘吉爾的話可知，此處提到丘吉爾的話應是為了鼓勵人們要接受現實，直面困境，勇往直前。綜上可知，本題選D。BPlayingarhythm-based（基于韻律的）gameusingmusicalinstrumentsforeightweekshelpsnon-musiciansbecomebetteratrememberingrecentlyseenfaces；thatis，theirshort-termmemoryfornon-musicaltasksimproves.Therehavebeenseveralstudiesshowingthatmusicianstendtohavebettershort-termmemorythannon-musicianswhenitcomestomusic-relatedtasks.Itislessclearwhetherthebenefitcarriesovertonon-musicaltasksortonon-musicianswhoarelearningtoplayaninstrument，andhowthechangemightactuallybeseeninthebrain.TheodoreZantoattheUniversityofCalifornia，SanFranciscothinksthebenefitwillcontinuetoexist.Heandhiscolleaguesrandomlyarrangedforagroupof47non-musicianstoplayeitheratablet-basedmusicalrhythmtraininggame，whichissimilartolearningtohitadrumintimewithateacher，orawordsearchgameforeightweeks.Atthestartandendoftheeightweeks，participantstookashort-termmemorytesttomeasuretheirabilitytorememberafacetheysawsecondsbefore.Onlythegroupwhoplayedtherhythmtraininggameshowedanimprovementontheirinitialscores.Brainwavedatarecordedbeforeandafterthetrainingshowedanincreaseofactivityintherightsuperiorparietallobe（上頂葉），abrainregionassociatedwithencodingvisualinformationandattention.Thissuggests，saysZanto，thattherhythmtrainingisimprovingthebrain’sabilitytofocusattentiononatasktogetitreadyforchangingwhatyouaredoingintomemory.Theabilitytorememberandrecognisefacestendstodeclineasweage，soanypossiblewaytochangethatisimportant，saysJoshDavisattheUniversityofGreenwich.However，theeffectdemonstratedinthisstudyshouldbeshowninreal-worldfacialrecognitionsituationsaswellasinlab-basedteststobecompletelyconvincing，saysDavis.本文是說明文。研究發現，演奏樂器可以提高人的短期記憶。【詞語積累】carryover（使）延伸，（使）繼續下去initialadj.最初的convincingadj.令人信服的，有說服力的1.WhydidTheodoreZantocarryoutthememorytest？A.Toprovepreviousstudies.B.Tomakecomparisons.C.Toconfirmhisprediction.D.Toexplainaphenomenon.解析C推理判斷題。由第二段內容可知，有一些研究表明音樂人比其他人在與音樂相關的任務方面有更好的短期記憶，至于這一好處是否會延續到非音樂任務上或學習演奏樂器的非音樂人身上就不太清楚了。第三段提到TheodoreZanto認為這一好處會繼續存在，他和他的同事組織47個非音樂人做游戲，并對他們進行了短期記憶測試。由此可推斷，TheodoreZanto進行記憶力測試是為了證實他的預測。綜上可知，本題選C。2.Whatfunctionistherightsuperiorparietalloberelatedto？A.Trainingattention.B.Recognisingfaces.C.Visualizingmemories.D.Processinginformation.解析D細節理解題。由第四段中的"therightsuperiorparietallobe（上頂葉），abrainregionassociatedwithencodingvisualinformationandattention"可知，右側上頂葉是一個與處理視覺信息和注意力有關的大腦區域，故選D。3.HowdoesDavisfindthestudy？A.Ithaslimitations.B.It’sfullyconvincing.C.Itlackssystematicness.D.It’sindeedpioneering.解析A推理判斷題。由最后一段中的"However，theeffectdemonstratedinthisstudyshouldbeshownin...inlab-basedteststobecompletelyconvincing"可知，他認為該研究有一定的局限性，還有待完善。綜上可知，本題選A。4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.TheGreatInfluenceofRhythm-basedGamesB.ThePracticalMethodofPreventingMemoryLossC.PlayingInstruments：aWaytoImproveShort-termMemoryD.RhythmTraining：aNecessityforPeoplewithaPoorMemory解析C標題歸納題。第一段是本文的主題段，再結合研究內容和結果可知，本文主要講述的是演奏樂器可以提高人的短期記憶，故C項做文章的標題最佳。【技巧點撥】文章標題具有概括性、針對性的特點，要避免以偏概全、擴大范圍或偷換概念等錯誤。做題時首先要快速瀏覽全文，找到主題段或主旨句。二、完形填空HaveyouseenthehomevideoofaMexicanboy’semotionalreactiontowatchinghisfavoriteband，Coldplay，performinMexico？Ithas1theheartsofmillions.Inthevideo，Huillolooksextremely2atfirst，fightingbacktears.Asthewords"tearsstreamdownyourface"aresung，Huillo’sfatherbeginstocrytoo，hugginghissonandkissinghisface.It’sa3meeting，mademorepleasantandmovingbythefactthatHuillohasautism（自閉癥）.Huillo’sparentstriedvariousthingstosupporttheirsonwitha4.However，everythingworkedintheshortterm，withoutany5andexpectedprogress，untilhisgiftformusicwasdiscovered—henotonlylovessingingbutplaysvariousmusical6fromguitartopianowell.Huillo’sfatherpostedthevideoonline，which7enjoyedwidespreadpopularityandafewweekslater，itwas8bytheband，whothenrelayedthevideoandcommented："Thiskindofthingmakesitall9."Sixyearslater，whentheBritishband10toMexico，Huillowasinvitedto11theshowandperformwiththem.Heperformedhisself-composedsong，"DifferentIsOkay"，winning12andcheersfromboththeaudienceandthemusiciansthemselves."Huillohasagreat13formusicandColdplayishisfavorite.ForHuillo，musicisthemostimportanttherapy（療法）.Wecanactuallyseehowitaffectshim—becomingmoresocialand14muchbetterwithothers，"Huillo’sfathersaid."Forus，everything15thatdayatColdplay’sconcert."本文是記敘文，講述了一個患有自閉癥的男孩通過音樂"重獲新生"的故事。【熟詞生義】1.stream常用義：n.小河，溪文中義：v.流，流動，流出2.sweet常用義：adj.甜的文中義：adj.令人愉快的，愜意的，舒暢的1.A.touched B.brokenC.opened D.comforted解析A下文中的"mademorepleasantandmoving"和"enjoyedwidespreadpopularity"表明視頻很受歡迎且讓人們感動，由此可知，本題選A。2.A.astonished B.excitedC.awkward D.upset解析B上文提到"emotionalreaction"，空后提到"fightingbacktears"，那么，Huillo一開始看起來很激動，故本題選B。astonished震驚的；excited激動的；awkward笨拙的，不舒適的；upset不快的，心煩意亂的。3.A.chance B.publicC.casual D.sweet解析D空后提到"mademorepleasantandmoving"，那么，空處所填詞的含義應與pleasant和moving的含義同屬一個范疇，此處表示這是一次令人愉快的會面，故選D。chance偶然的；public公開的；casual臨時的，不定期的；sweet令人愉快的，愜意的。4.A.dream B.smileC.disability D.panic解析C上文提到Huillo患有自閉癥，那么，此處指Huillo的父母嘗試了各種各樣的方法來幫助他們"身患殘疾"的兒子，故選C，disability表示"缺陷，障礙"。5.A.reasonable B.significantC.technical D.reliable解析B上文提到Huillo的父母嘗試的方法都短期有效，那么，此處指沒有任何顯著的、預期的進展，故本題選B，significant表示"有重大意義的，顯著的"。6.A.instruments B.tunesC.games D.toys解析A下文提到"從吉他到鋼琴"，那么此處指Huillo會彈奏很多樂器，故選A，instrument表示"樂器，器械"。7.A.accidentally B.immediatelyC.eventually D.naturally解析BHuillo的父親將視頻發布在網上后，它立即受到了廣泛歡迎。accidentally偶然，immediately立即，eventually最終，naturally自然地。B項符合語境。8.A.downloaded B.deliveredC.recorded D.noticed解析D下文提到他們轉發了視頻，那么，此處表示樂隊看到了這個視頻。download下載；deliver發布，轉交；record錄制；notice看到，注意到。D項符合語境。9.A.interesting B.necessaryC.attractive D.worthwhile解析D結合常識可知，當樂隊成員了解到自己的作品對Huillo產生了積極的影響時，他們應是覺得自己所做的一切都是值得的（worthwhile）。interesting有趣的，necessary必要的，attractive有吸引力的。10.A.returned B.movedC.flew D.circled解析A此處指六年后，Coldplay再次到墨西哥演出，故選A，return表示"回來，返回"。11.A.makefor B.gothroughC.participatein D.takeover解析C下文提到"performwiththem"，由此可知，此處指樂隊邀請Huillo參加演出。makefor促成；gothrough仔細琢磨，經歷；participatein參加；takeover接收，接管。C項符合語境。12.A.support B.applauseC.respect D.trust解析B下文提到"andcheers"，那么，空處所填詞應與cheers感情色彩相同，此處說的是Huillo獲得了掌聲和喝彩聲。support支持，幫助；applause掌聲；respect尊重；trust相信。B項符合語境。13.A.ambition B.desireC.affection D.excuse解析C上文提到Huillo喜歡唱歌，也會彈奏很多樂器，由此可知，此處指Huillo很喜歡音樂。ambition追求的目標，志向；desire欲望；affection喜愛，鐘愛；excuse借口。C項符合語境。14.A.performing B.communicatingC.cooperating D.corresponding解析B空前提到"becomingmoresocial"，那么，此處指能與他人更好地交流，故選B，communicate表示"溝通，交流"。15.A.happened B.remainedC.started D.worked解析C綜合全文內容可知，Huillo和父親去觀看了Coldplay的演出，他們的歌曲對患有自閉癥的Huillo產生了很大的影響，然后才有了Huillo后面的一系列改變。由此可推斷，此處說的是"對我們來說，所有的一切都從那天Coldplay的音樂會開始（started）"。三、語法填空[2023江蘇南京二模]ChinaNationalTraditionalOrchestra（管弦樂隊）launcheditsyouththeatergroupinBeijingonSunday.Attheopening，centeredaround"bringingChinesestoriestotheworld"，thegroup’snewproductionsandtouringplansforthisyear1（announce）.InJanuary，theorchestra，QFunTheaterandGuangzhouOperaHouseco-producedachildren’splayBenCaoGangMu.Fromthiscooperation，theorchestraandQFunTheaterdecidedtocreateayouththeatergroup，2（aim）tointegrateChinesetraditionalmusicwiththeaterandtellChinesestories3theangleofchildrenandteenagers.Theyoungmembersofthenewly4（establish）theatergroupperformedBenCaoGangMuattheevent，aswellasthepoetryrecitalASpringMorningandchoirsingingLookingfortheMoon."Artcanhelpchildrenopenuptheircuriosityand5（imagine）.Ihopetherewillbeaplacewherechildren’screativitycanbe6（true）inspiredandexercised.Thatis7wedec