2025屆高二上學期期末考試試卷英語考試時間：120分鐘滿分150分第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.About5:20pm.B.About5:40pm.C.About6:00pm.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thelanguagetolearn.B.Thefilmtowatch.C.Thecoursetoattend.3.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Stayathome.B.Gotoaclub.C.Attendameeting.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inastore.5.Whydidthemanleavehispreviousjob?A.Tostudyfurther.B.Tobecomefamous.C.Tofindanewjob.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Adoctor.B.Anassistant.C.Aprofessor.7.Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Apicture.B.Adesigner.C.Abuilding.9.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Math.B.Music.C.History.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.HowdidAndyfeelwhenhefirstarrivedattheclassroom?A.Excitedandpleased.B.Anxiousandafraid.C.Embarrassedandannoyed.11.WhatcanweknowaboutMrPerry?A.Heisstrict.B.Heisenergetic.C.Heisfunny.12.Whydidthebellringat12:00?A.Totellstudentsclassisover.B.TotellstudentshavelunchC.Toremindstudentstoattendclass.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.WhatdoesthemanthinkofLucy’stakingflyinglessons?A.Impractical.B.Surprising.C.Interesting.14.WhatdoesLucyworkas?A.Anurse.B.Apilot.C.Adoctor.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Teachinacollege.B.Startherownrestaurant.C.TeachanItaliancookingclass.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Wheredoesthespeakercomefrom?A.America.B.Australia.C.England.18.WhatdoEnglishpeoplethinkofAmericans?A.Friendly.B.Quiet.C.Humorous.19WhatdidthespeakerliketodointheafternooninEngland?A.Playwithhisfriends.B.Watchcomedyshows.C.Haveacupoftea20.WhatdidthespeakerfindamazinginEngland?A.TheTVprograms.B.Theoldbuildings.C.Theteashops.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheBestHikingnearNewYorkCityIfyouwanttogohikingnearNewYorkCity,you’reinluck.Thesetrails(小徑)canmeetyourneeds.YellowTrailatMountBeaconConsiderthis2.5-miletrailifyoudon’thaveenoughtime.YoucangoonaquickbutdifficulthiketherethatsendsyoustraightuptheMountBeacon.Youcantakeinbeautifulviewssimilartoitsmorepopularneighborsthere.Youcanevenwatchthesunset.Togetthere,takeMetro-NorthtoBeaconandthentakea5-minutewalktothebeginningofthetrail.StairwaytoHeavenTrailThetrailliesabout50milesoutsidethecity,butitallowsyoutogeteverythingyoueverwantedinahike.You’llgetgoodexerciseifyouchoosethe7.3-mile“StairwaytoHeaven”.TakeNJTransitbusroute196or197toWarwick,NewYork,andit’sjusta10-minutetaxiridetothebeginningofthetrail.CampSmithTrailThis3.5-milehikeisgreatforadaytripbyyourself.Withfairlyeasylandform(地形),evenyourfour-leggedfriendcanjoinyouonthetrail.TaketheMetro-NorthHudsonlinetoPeekskillStationforfreebusesortrainstotheBearMountainInn.AndyoucanhikeuptoseeunbelievableHudsonValleyview.IceCavesandVerkeerderkillFallsTrailAlongthe7-miletrail,youwillgetthroughthepassagesoftheIceCavesandwalkpastVerkeerderkillFalls.ThetrailisthehighestwaterfalltrailintheShawangunks.TaketheShortLinebusfromNewYorktonearbyEllenvilleandthentakea14-minutetaxiridetoSam’sPointPreserve.1.WhatcanyoudoifyouchooseYellowTrailatMountBeacon?A.Watchthewaterfall.B.Enjoythebeautyofnature.C.Haveteamsportsinthewild.D.Experiencemountainbiking.2.Whichtrailbestsuitsthosewhowanttohikewiththeirpetdogs?A.YellowTrailatMountBeacon.B.StairwaytoHeavenTrail.C.CampSmithTrail.D.IceCavesandVerkeerderkillFallsTrail.3.Whatdothefourtrailshaveincommon?A.Theyareeasytogetto.B.Theyarenearthecitycenter.C.Theyaresuitableforsmallkids.D.Theyattractmanyhikerseveryyear.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了紐約附近的四條最佳徒步旅行路線。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據YellowTrailatMountBeacon部分中“Youcantakeinbeautifulviewssimilartoitsmorepopularneighborsthere.Youcanevenwatchthesunset.(在那里你可以欣賞到與更受歡迎的鄰近地區相似的景色。你甚至還可以觀賞日落)”可知，如果你選擇YellowTrailatMountBeacon路線，你可以欣賞自然美景。故選B。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據CampSmithTrail部分的第二句“Withfairlyeasylandform(地形),evenyourfour-leggedfriendcanjoinyouonthetrail.(地形相當簡單，甚至你四條腿的朋友也可以加入你的徒步旅行)”可知，CampSmithTrail這條路線最適合那些想帶著寵物狗一起去徒步的人。故選C。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據YellowTrailatMountBeacon部分最后一句“Togetthere,takeMetro-NorthtoBeaconandthentakea5-minutewalktothebeginningofthetrail.(要到達那里，請乘坐Metro-North到Beacon，然后步行5分鐘到小徑的起點)”、StairwaytoHeavenTrail部分最后一句“TakeNJTransitbusroute196or197toWarwick,NewYork,andit’sjusta10-minutetaxiridetothebeginningofthetrail.(乘坐NJTransit巴士196或197路到紐約沃里克，只需10分鐘的出租車車程即可到達小徑的起點)”、CampSmithTrail部分倒數第二句“TaketheMetro-NorthHudsonlinetoPeekskillStationforfreebusesortrainstotheBearMountainInn.(乘坐地鐵-北哈德遜線到皮克斯基爾站，乘坐免費巴士或火車到熊山酒店)”和IceCavesandVerkeerderkillFallsTrail部分最后一句“TaketheShortLinebusfromNewYorktonearbyEllenvilleandthentakea14-minutetaxiridetoSam’sPointPreserve.(從紐約乘坐短途巴士到附近的埃倫維爾，然后乘坐14分鐘的出租車到山姆角保護區)”可知，這四條路線都有便利的交通，即它們易于前往。故選A。BOnesummernight,aboyfelthimselfliftedfrombedbyhisfather.Dazedwithsleep,hesawstarsflashingacrosstheheavens.“Whatisit?”thechildwhispered.“Shootingstars.TheycomeeveryyearinAugust.”Decadeshavepassed,butIrememberthatnightstill,becauseIwasthefortunateboywhosefatherbelievedanewexperiencewasmoreimportantthananunbrokennight’ssleep.Someparentslikemyfatherhavethegiftofopeningdoorsfortheirchildren.Thisartofaddingdimensionstoachildbringsthereward:themarvelousmomentwhenthesparkburstsintoaflamethatwillburnbrightlyonitsownoneday.AtaGolfAssociationtournament,aten-year-oldgirlplayedcreditably.“Howlonghaveyoubeeninterestedingolf?”someoneasked.“Igotitformyninthbirthday,”shesaid.“Yourfathergaveyouasetofclubs?”“No,”shesaid,“hegavemegolf.”Ihaveafriend,apsychiatrist,whosaystherearetwotypesofpeople:thosewhothinkoflifeasaprivilegeandthosewhothinkofitasaproblem.Thefirsttypeisenthusiasticandenergetic.Theothertypeissuspiciousandself-centered.Andheadds,“TellmeaboutyourchildhoodandIcantellyouwhichtypeyouarelikelytobe.”Therealpurpose,then,oftryingtoopendoorsforchildrenistobuildeagerandoutgoingattitudes,whichisthemostvaluablelegacywecanpassontothenextgeneration.Butwhydon’tweworkharderatit?Probablybecausesometimeswedon’thavetheawarenessortheselflessnessortheenergy.Andyet,forthoseofuswhocarewhatbecomesofourchildren,thechallengeisalwaystherebuttheopportunitiesalsocomerepeatedly.Manyyearshavepassedsincethatnight.Andnextyear,whenAugustcomeswithitsshootingstars,mysonwillbeseven.4.WhydoestheauthormentionthegirlinParagraph2?A.Toshowparentalimpactonchildren’spassion.B.Tosuggesthobbiesalwaysstartfromthesmall.C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofdiverseexperiences.D.Toprovetruepassionusuallyarisesfromthereward.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“addingdimensionsto”inParagraph2mean?A.Settinganexamplefor. B.Broadeningthehorizonsof.C.Providingattentivecarefor. D.Narrowingthepossibilitiesof.6.Whatwilltheauthor’spsychiatristfriendagreewith?A.Stabilityinupbringingbuildsconfidence.B.Parentingstylesrequiresprofessionalguidance.C.Childhoodexperiencedeterminesadulthappiness.D.One’spersonalityisrelatedtochildhoodexperiences.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthorisalwaysaddictedtoshootingstars.B.Itisaonce-in-a-lifetimechancetomotivatekids.C.Theauthorwillgotoseeshootingstarswithhisson.D.Itisimpossibletounlockkids’potentialwithouteagerness.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經因為父親帶他看美麗的流星而久久不能忘懷，作者認為像父親這樣有非凡“天賦”的父母，能夠為孩子們打開一扇門，帶領他們進入輝煌的新領域。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段第二句話“Thisartofaddingdimensionstoachildbringsthereward:themarvelousmomentwhenthesparkburstsintoaflamethatwillburnbrightlyonitsownoneday.

(這種為孩子增加維度的藝術帶來了回報：當火花爆發成火焰的奇妙時刻，總有一天會自行燃燒)”以及倒數三句話““Howlonghaveyoubeeninterestedingolf?”someoneasked.“Igotitformyninthbirthday,”shesaid.“Yourfathergaveyouasetofclubs?”“No,”shesaid,“hegavemegolf.”(“你對高爾夫感興趣多久了?”有人問。“這是我九歲生日的禮物，”她說。“你父親給了你一套球桿?”“不，”她說，“是他給了我高爾夫。”)”可知，小女孩的夢想就是從父親給她的球桿開始的。由此可推知，第二段提到的小女孩是為了展示父母對孩子激情的影響。故選A。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段第一句話“Someparentslikemyfatherhavethegiftofopeningdoorsfortheirchildren.

(像我父親這樣的一些父母有為孩子敞開大門的天賦)”以及劃線短語后面的句子“themarvelousmomentwhenthesparkburstsintoaflamethatwillburnbrightlyonitsownoneday(當火花爆發成火焰的奇妙時刻，總有一天會自行燃燒)”可知，有些父母在生活中有一種天賦，就是為孩子們敞開大門，開闊他們的視野。給孩子開闊視野就像一簇火花，在將來總有一天會爆發成火焰。所以劃線短語的意思為“開闊視野”。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段最后一句話“Andheadds,“TellmeaboutyourchildhoodandIcantellyouwhichtypeyouarelikelytobe.”(他補充道：“告訴我你的童年，我就能告訴你你可能是哪種類型的人。”)”可推知，作者的精神病學家朋友會同意一個人的個性與童年經歷有關。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段第一句話“Therealpurpose,then,oftryingtoopendoorsforchildrenistobuildeagerandoutgoingattitudes,whichisthemostvaluablelegacywecanpassontothenextgeneration.(因此，試圖為兒童敞開大門的真正目的是建立渴望和外向的態度，這是我們可以傳遞給下一代的最有價值的遺產)”以及最后一句話“Andnextyear,whenAugustcomeswithitsshootingstars,mysonwillbeseven.(明年，當八月的流星來臨時，我的兒子將七歲)”可知，作為父母，我們應該試圖為兒童敞開大門，讓他們建立渴望和外向的態度。由此可推知，作者的兒子七歲了，他也會帶他的兒子去看流星，為兒子敞開一扇門。故選C。CScreamifyouwanttochargeyourphone.Thankstothewondersofscience,ridersonThorpePark’snewattraction,arollercoastercalledTheWalkingDead,cannowpowertheirsmartphonesbyscreamingloudly.That’sbecausetherearedevicesonitthat“harvestkineticenergy(動能)”.Theparkconductedresearchwhichshowsthatpeople’sbiggestfearistheirphonesrunningoutofbattery,sothedeviceshouldprovepopular.AlloftheWalkingDead’scarriageshavebeenfittedwiththeharvestingdevices,whichnotonlyharvesttheenergyofscreams,butthatfromg-forceandvibrations(振動)oftheride,too.Itisstoredinapowermanagementunit.Theunitisthenremovedfromthecarriagesbystaffanddepositedintoanon-sitemobilechargingpointwhereridegoerswillchargetheirdevices.The188mmx188mmx67mmenergyharvesterisjetblack,blendingintoitsdarkandmysterioussurroundingsontherollercoasterthemedaroundtheglobalTVshows.ThorpeParksaid:“Ifthrill-seekersarebraveenoughtoopentheireyes,theywillseeasetofLEDlightsinbloodredpoweringupasguests’screamsbecomelouder...throughoutthe90-secondexperience.”DesignedandinstalledbyresearchersatQueenMaryUniversityLondonandtheengineeringteamatThorpeParkResort,thetechnologytookthreemonthstobecarriedout,fromdesigntoinstallation.Itwillbeavailableatthethemeparkforaninitialtrialperiod.ThorpeParkResort’sJohnBurton,whocameupwiththerideconcept,said,“TheWalkingDead’srideis15outof10onthescarefactorscale,soitmakessensetobeabletocombineandusethepowerofourvisitors’screamsandtheride’svibrationstohelpsolveaproblemeachandeveryoneofusfaces—losingthechargeonourmobileswhenwe’reonadayout.”DrJoeBriscoe,SchoolofEngineeringandMaterialsScienceatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,said,“Thisisanexcitingconceptthatwillundoubtedlybeusedmorefrequentlyinthefuture.Thesystemusesaminienergyharvestertocapturethekineticenergy,transferringittoaseparateelectricalcircuitandstorageunit,whichisenoughtochargeamobilephone.”8.Wherecouldridegoerseasilygettheirphonescharged?A.Atthecarriage. B.Atthechargingpoint.C.AttheLEDlight. D.Attheenergyharvester.9.WhydoesJohnBurtonconsidertheconceptworkable?A.Becauseaminienergyharvesterisapplied.B.BecauseTheWalkingDeadismostfrightening.C.Becausetheparkhasquiteanumberofscaryrides.D.Becausealmosteveryoneisfacedwithpowerfailure.10.What’sDrJoeBriscoe’sattitudetowardthetechnology?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Neutral. D.Disapproving.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Anewbatteryforpoweringyourphoneisinvented.BThetraditionalwayofchargingyourphoneisonthewayout.C.Visitors’screaminThorpeParkcanbeusedtochargethephone.D.ThemosteffectivewayofchargingyourphonehasbeenfoundinThorpePark.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述一項發明，英國索普游樂園收集游客尖叫產生的聲能和重力及震動的能量來給手機充電。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“AlloftheWalkingDead’scarriageshavebeenfittedwiththeharvestingdevices,whichnotonlyharvesttheenergyofscreams,butthatfromg-forceandvibrations(振動)oftheride,too.Itisstoredinapowermanagementunit.Theunitisthenremovedfromthecarriagesbystaffanddepositedintoanon-sitemobilechargingpointwhereridegoerswillchargetheirdevices.(《行尸走肉》的所有車廂都安裝了收集裝置，不僅可以收集尖叫的能量，還可以收集重力和震動的能量。它被存儲在電源管理單元中。然后，工作人員會將電池從車廂中取出，放在現場的移動充電點，乘客可以在那里為自己的設備充電。)”可知，乘客可以在充點電給手機充電，故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“ThorpeParkResort’sJohnBurton,whocameupwiththerideconcept,said,“TheWalkingDead’srideis15outof10onthescarefactorscale,soitmakessensetobeabletocombineandusethepowerofourvisitors’screamsandtheride’svibrationstohelpsolveaproblemeachandeveryoneofusfaces—losingthechargeonourmobileswhenwe’reonadayout.”(索普公園度假村的約翰·伯頓提出了這個游樂設施的概念，他說：“《行尸走肉》的游樂設施在驚嚇系數上的得分是15分(滿分為10分)，所以把游客的尖叫和游樂設施的震動結合起來，幫助解決我們每個人都面臨的問題是有意義的——當我們外出的時候，我們的手機沒電了。”)”可知因為游樂園里有很多驚嚇系數很高的游樂設施，這樣游客的尖叫聲就會和游樂設施的震動結合起來產生能量來為手機充電，故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“DrJoeBriscoe,SchoolofEngineeringandMaterialsScienceatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,said,“Thisisanexcitingconceptthatwillundoubtedlybeusedmorefrequentlyinthefuture.Thesystemusesaminienergyharvestertocapturethekineticenergy,transferringittoaseparateelectricalcircuitandstorageunit,whichisenoughtochargeamobilephone.”(倫敦瑪麗女王大學工程與材料科學學院的喬·布里斯科博士說：“這是一個令人興奮的概念，無疑將在未來得到更頻繁的應用。該系統使用一個小型能量收集器來捕獲動能，并將其轉移到一個獨立的電路和存儲單元，這足以給一部手機充電。”)”可知喬·布里斯科博士對這項技術的前景很樂觀，所以應該會支持這項技術，故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是文章標題“Screamifyouwanttochargeyourphone.(如果你想給手機充電，就尖叫。)”和第一段“Thankstothewondersofscience,ridersonThorpePark’snewattraction,arollercoastercalledTheWalkingDead,cannowpowertheirsmartphonesbyscreamingloudly.That’sbecausetherearedevicesonitthat“harvestkineticenergy(動能)”.Theparkconductedresearchwhichshowsthatpeople’sbiggestfearistheirphonesrunningoutofbattery,sothedeviceshouldprovepopular.(多虧了科學的奇跡，索普公園的新景點——名為“行尸走肉”的過山車上的乘客們現在可以通過大聲尖叫來給他們的智能手機充電了。這是因為上面有“收集動能”的裝置。該公園進行的一項研究表明，人們最擔心的是手機沒電了，所以這種設備應該會很受歡迎。)”可知文章講述一項發明，英國索普游樂園收集游客尖叫產生的聲能和重力及震動的能量來給手機充電。C選項“游客在索普公園的尖叫可以用來給手機充電。”符合文章大意，故選C。DThepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologies,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofnostalgic(懷舊的)skill.However,whiletoday’seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful—bothinschoolandinlife.VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,saysit’simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelpchildrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand.Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasks—bothonacomputerandbyhand.Thestudyfoundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.“Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactivewhichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas.”Berningersaid.Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe(轉換)“thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,”thestudysaid.Seeingthewordsinthe“mind’seye”helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,butalsotospotspellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime.“Inourcomputerage,somepeoplebelievethatwedon’thavetoteachspellingbecausewehavespellchecks,”shesaid.“Butuntilachildhasafunctionalspellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel,theywon’thavetheknowledgetochoosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbythecomputer.”12.WhatcanwelearnfromBerninger’sfirststudy?A.Itfocusedonthedifferencebetweenwritingbyhandandonacomputer.B.Itindicatedthatstudentsprefertowritewithapenandpaper.C.Itfoundthatgoodessaysaremadeupoflongsentences.D.Itdiscussedtheimportanceofwritingspeed.13.Whichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspelling?A.Spellingimprovesone’smemoryofwords.B.Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability.C.Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas.D.Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas.14.Whatdoes“mind’seye”inParagraph5mean?A.Window. B.Passage. C.Picture. D.Imagination.15.Whatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassage?A.Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday’sclassrooms.B.Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.C.Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.D.Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了隨著現代科技的發展，手寫漸漸被人們所忽視。但是Berninger的研究表明，手寫在現代教學中應該占有一席之地，因為加強拼寫有助于學生寫作能力的發展。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasks—bothonacomputerandbyhand.Thestudyfoundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.(Berninger和她的同事進行了一項研究，觀察學生完成各種寫作任務的能力——包括在電腦上和通過手寫。研究發現，當用筆和紙寫作時，參與者寫的文章更長，句子更完整，單詞生成速度更快。)”可知，Berninger第一次的研究觀察并比較學生通過電腦和手寫完成寫作任務的能力，關注的是手寫和在電腦上書寫的區別。故選A項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中“Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.(在最近的一項研究中，Berninger研究了拼寫在學生寫作技能中所起的作用，發現孩子拼寫的好壞與他們的寫作能力有關。)”可知，拼寫能力與寫作能力密切相關。故選B項。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞的上文“Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe(轉換)“thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,”thestudysaid.(該研究稱，拼寫幫助學生首先將想法轉換成腦海中的單詞，然后將“腦海中的單詞轉錄成紙上或鍵盤、屏幕上的文字符號”)”和下文“helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,butalsotospotspellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime(不僅可以幫助孩子們將他們的想法轉化為單詞，還可以幫助他們在寫下單詞時發現拼寫錯誤，并隨著時間的推移進行糾正)”可知，此處描述學生拼寫時的思維機制，以及該機制的好處。由此推知，這種好處是“首先在腦海中把想法轉換成單詞”帶來的，這是一種想象力的表現，mind’seye意思應該是“想象力”。故選D項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章首先在第一段提出了在如今高科技發展的時代，手寫看上去好像沒什么用了，但在后文舉了Berninger的兩個研究，表明手寫很重要，與寫作能力密切相關。由此可知，文章想傳達“手寫在今天的教室里仍然占有一席之地”的結論。故選A項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.____16____Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork?Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksalallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.____17____Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren’twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.___18___Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.____19____Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.___20___Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we’llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.E20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們喜歡冒險的來源和科學依據，人們都喜歡冒險，因為風險也意味著回報，生活中人們喜歡做一些讓別人意外和害怕的事，這和人的大腦有關．【16題詳解】根據前文becausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.當我們衡量風險和回報時，風險值得去冒。根據后文Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.有些人喜歡做一些讓別人意外和害怕的事。也就是說衡量風險的標準每個人都可能不一樣．故F選項“然而，我們并不是都使用相同的參考標準來衡量風險和回報”與上文為轉折關系，且承接下文。故選F。17題詳解】根據前文Risk-takerswerebetterathunting，fighting，orexploring．喜歡冒險的人表現更優秀，這意味著他們有更大的機會生存下去。故C選項“這意味著他們有更大的機會生存下去”承接上文。故選C。【18題詳解】根據前文Somaybeyoulovecarracing，ormaybeyouhateit．也許你喜歡賽車，也許你不喜歡，這要依據你的性格。故A選項“這要依據你的性格”承接上文。故選A。【19題詳解】根據前文scientistssaythatyourWillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.科學家們指出冒險的意愿在年輕時會不斷強烈。根據下文Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.為了幫你實現那些，大腦會不斷增加你對新的經歷的渴望。而這些是在你離開家庭，走進一個更大的世界的時候。故E選項“這些是在你離開家庭，走進一個更大的世界的時候”承接上下文。故選E。【20題詳解】根據下文Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.不同的人的大腦在處理快樂和恐懼時表現也會不一樣。故前面應該是說大腦的不同反應。故G選項“新的大腦研究表明，當我們面對緊張的情況時，我們的大腦會以不同的方式工作”承接下文。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.Itwasaneedthathefirst___21___backin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratStateTeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.Togetan___22___,hewasstrugglingagainstmanydifficulties.Hisfamilywaspoor.HisDadcouldn’taffordthe___23___atcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Studyhadtobedone___24___hisfarm-workroutines.Hewithdrewfrommanyschoolactivitiesbecausehedidn’thavethetimeorthe___25___.Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.Hetriedforthefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoo___26___.DuringthisperiodDalewasslowly___27___aninferioritycomplex(自卑感),whichhismotherknewcouldpreventhimfromachievinghisrealpotential.She___28___thatDalejointhedebatingteam,believingthat___29___inspeakingcouldgivehimtheconfidenceandrecognitionthatheneeded.Daletookhismother’sadvice,trieddesperatelyandafterseveralattemptsfinallymadeit.Thisprovedtobea____30____pointinhislife.Speakingbeforegroupsdidhelphimgainthe____31____heneeded.BythetimeDalewasasenior,hehadwoneverytophonorin____32____.Nowotherstudentswerecomingtohimforcoachingandthey,____33____,werewinningcontests.Outofthisearlystruggleto____34____hisfeelingsofinferiority,Dalecametounderstandthattheabilitytoexpressanideatoanaudiencebuildsaperson’sconfidence.And,____35____it,Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodo—andsocouldothers.21.A.admitted B.filled C.recognized D.supplied22.A.assignment B.advantage C.education D.order23.A.training B.board C.teaching D.equipment24.A.through B.during C.upon D.between25.A.permits B.clothes C.talent D.interest26.A.optimistic B.bright C.light D.outgoing27.A.enjoying B.developing C.achieving D.reducing28.A.insisted B.demanded C.advocated D.suggested29.A.position B.patience C.practice D.potential30.A.low B.turning C.basic D.breaking31.A.peace B.confidence C.competence D.experience32.A.horse-riding B.football C.farming D.speech33.A.inturn B.inbrief C.intotal D.infact34.A.convey B.build C.understand D.overcome35.A.besides B.beyond C.with D.despite【答案】21.C22.C23.B24.D25.B26.C27.B28.D29.C30.B31.B32.D33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了DaleCarnegie從不為人知到享有國際聲譽的成功故事。他年輕時很不自信，后來聽從了母親的建議，學習演講從而獲得自信，最終成為成功的演說家。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：早在1906年，年輕的Dale還是Warrensburg州StateTeachersCollege的一名大三學生時，他就意識到了這種需求。A.admitted承認；B.filled裝滿；C.recognized認識到；D.supplied供給。根據語境和前文“DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.”可知，Dale很早就意識到了這種需求。故選C項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了受教育，他與許多困難作斗爭。A.assignment任務；B.advantage優勢；C.education教育；D.order命令。根據后文“HisDadcouldn’taffordthe___3___atcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.”可知，為了受教育，Dale與困難作斗爭。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父親負擔不起大學的食宿費，所以Dale不得不騎馬12英里去上課。A.training培訓；B.board食宿；C.teaching教育；D.equipment設備。根據前文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”可知，Dale的家里很窮，負擔不起食宿費。故選B項。【24題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他必須在農活間隙中學習。A.through經過；B.during在...期間；C.upon在...上；D.between在...之間。根據前文“Hisfamilywaspoor.His