大學英語四級考試模擬試卷127

（總分：710.00,做題時間：125分鐘）

PartIWriting（總題數：1,分數：0.00）

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledBehaveinthePublicbycommentingontheoldChinesesaying,"Don'tdoto

otherswhatyoudonotwanttobedoneto."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbut

nomorethan180words.

BehaveinthePublic

（分數：106.50）

正確答案：(［范文］

BehaveinthePublic

ManyofusmusthaveheardoftheoldChinesesaying,"Don'tdotoothers

whatyoudonotwanttobedoneto."Butmanypeoplemusthaveforgottenthisold

sayingwhentheyturnupinthepublic.Infact,manypeopletalkloudly,litterfreely,

jumpqueues,andignoretrafficregulations.Someevenscratchintouristattractions,

leavingmarksonscenicspots.

Thiskindofuncivilizedbehaviorisveryharmfulandshouldbediscouraged.

Ontheonehand,itsurelybringsinconveniencestoothers,pollutestheenvironment

andevendisturbssocialorder.Ontheotherhand,italsocausesyouyourselftrouble

inthatuncivilizedbehaviornormallymakespeopleunpopularorevendisgustful.

Inordertocreateaharmonioussociety,weallshouldbehaveourselvesinthe

public.Besides,ifwewereallconsiderateandbehavedwellinpublicplaces,this

worldwouldbecomeabetterplaceforustolivein.)

解析：這是一篇論說文，要求考生結合諺語就“公共場合行為應檢點”這

個話題進行闡述。根據題目要求，文章內容可安排如下：

第一段：結合諺語概述當下公共場合中的不文明舉止(如大聲喧嘩、插隊、

亂扔垃圾等)。

第二段：分點闡述不文明舉止的危害性。

第三段：呼應文章主題，呼吁公眾共同樹立文明之風。

［參考譯文］許多人肯定聽說過“己所不欲，勿施于人”這句諺語。可是身

處公共場合時，很多人肯定是把這句諺語給忘了。事實上，很多人在公共場合大

聲喧嘩、隨地丟垃圾、插隊、無視交通規則。有人甚至在游覽勝地亂涂亂畫，并

在景點留下標記。

這種行為非常有害，理應被勸止。一方面，在公眾場所的不文明行為肯定

會給他人帶來不便、污染環境，甚至擾亂社會秩序。另一方面，在公眾場所的不

文明行為同樣也會給你自己帶來麻煩，因為這種行為通常使人不受歡迎，甚至令

人討厭。

為了創建一個和諧的社會，我們身處公眾場所時都應檢點自己的行為。此

外，如果我們都相互體諒，并且在公眾場所行為檢點，這個世界將變成我們更美

好的居住之地。

PartIIListeningComprehension（總題數：0,分數：0.00）

SectionA（總題數：7,分數：0.00）

.Questions1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

1.（分數:14.20）

A.Robberyandkidnapping.

B.Murderingandbankrobbery.

C.Kidnappingandmurdering.J

0.Stealingandkidnapping.

解析：［聽力原文］

ThiswasoneofthemostdaringprisonbreakoutstotakeplaceinGreece.The

helicopterlandedinacourtyardofKorydallosprisoninAthensasthoseonboard

threwflashbombsintothearea.Amidtheconfusion,twoprisonersmanagedto

climbintothehelicopterwhichtookoffagain,flyingtoanearbyvillage.Theescaped

prisonersthenfledwiththeirpartnersonmotorbikeswhichhavesincebeenfound

neartheportofPiraes.Oneofthemen,VassilisPaleokostas,wasservinga

twenty-five-yearsentenceforkidnappingandbankrobbery.It'sthoughthisbrother,

who'sbeenontherunsince1990,wasbehindthebreakout.Thepolicehave

arrestedthehelicopterpilot,whosayshewasforcedtoflytotheprisonatgunpoint.

Korydallosholdssomeofthecountry'smostinfamouscriminals.

WhatcrimedidVassilisPaleokostascommitbeforebreakingoutofprison?

新聞在中間部分交待其中一名越獄者在逃跑之前所犯的罪行，即綁架罪和銀

行搶劫罪（kidnappingandbankrobbery）,A項重現錄音原詞，為正確答案。

.Questions3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

3.（分數：14.20）

A.InGermany.

B.lnUkraine.J

C.lnRussia.

D.lnEngland.

解析：［聽力原文］

There'sgreatexcitementthatUkraineisabouttoplayinitsfirsteverWorld

Cupfinals.Thiscountryhasneverqualifiedforamajorfootballcompetitionbefore.It

wasonlyinthelastfewyearsthatUkraineburstontotheworldstage.Afterthe

SovietUnioncollapsed,someofitsbestplayersleftforRussia.Thetwonationsare

footballingrivals,somanypeoplehereaxetakinggreatdelightthatRussiahasfailed

toqualifyfortheWorldCup.Ukraine'sopeninggamekicksoffat4:00pmlocaltime.

Manypeoplewillbeleavingworkearlywiththegovernment'sapproval.ThePrime

Minister;YuriYekhanurov,hassaidthatemployersshouldensurethateveryoneis

abletoseethegame.ThousandsofpeopleareexpectedtogatherinthecapitaTs

mainsquaretowatchtheeventliveonagiantscreen.

Whereisthenewsmostlikelytobereported?

新聞中開頭對于烏克蘭進入世界杯決賽表示很興奮，接著提到這里的許多人

都對俄羅斯無緣世界杯感到高興，尤其注意其中使用了here一詞，所以綜合以

上信息，最佳的答案應該是B項“烏克蘭”。新聞中沒有我們常常習慣聽到的“這

是XXX從XXX發回的報道"，那么我們要注意新聞報道中一些細微之處。

.Questions5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.

5.(分數：21.30)

A.IntheJavaSea.V

B.OntheBorneoIsland.

C.NeartheIndonesiancityofSurabaya.

D.lnSingapore.

解析：［聽力原文］

Indonesianofficialshaverecoveredbodiesfromtheseanearthewreckofan

AirAsiapassengerjet.TheairplanecrashedduringastormonSunday.

IndonesiantelevisionshowedrescuehelicopterspullingbodiesfromtheJava

Sea,inwatersabout160kilometersfromBorneoIsland.Thefirstimagesofthe

bodiesshowedtheywerenotwearingprotectivelifejackets.

Rescueworkershadrecoveredaboutonefourthofthepassengersandcrew

atnightfall.Theyfoundthebodiessoonafterdiscoveringthewreck.Itincludedwhat

appearedtobeanorangelifejacket,aredandwhiteemergencydoor;etc.

Searchesfromtheairalsoshowedwhatappearedtobeaverylargeobject

tinderthesurfaceofthewater.Itisbelievedtobethemainbodyoftheairplane.

LastTuesday,AirAsiaconfirmedthewreckwasitslostplane.Thepassenger

jetdisappearedonSundayhalfwaythroughwhatwassupposedtobeatwo-hour

flightfromtheIndonesiancityofSurabayatoSingapore.

TheheadofAirAsia,TonyFernandes,saidheis,"absolutelyupset"atthe

news.Earlierhesaidhisheart"isfilledwithsadnessforallthefamiliesinvolved."

Wherewasthewreckfound?

題目間失事飛機的殘骸是在哪里發現的。新聞中提到，印尼電視臺播放了救

援直升機在爪哇海(Javasea)捕撈尸體。A項正確。新聞提到，捕撈尸體的水域距

離婆羅洲島(BorneoIsland)約160公里B項“在婆羅洲島”不正確。錄音提到星

期日客機是在半途消失，本來的預定航線是從印尼泗水市(Indonesiancityof

Surabaya)到新加坡(Singapore),故C項“在印尼泗水市附近”和D項“在新加坡”

都不對。

SectionB(總題數:8,分數：0.00)

.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.(分數：28.40)

A.Sheblushedwhentalkingtoagroupofpeople.V

B.Shecouldn'thelplookingatasignwhenshegaveapresentation.

C.Shedidn'tknowtheanswertotheprofessor'squestion.

D.Shefeltembarrassedtalkingtotheman.

解析：［聽力原文］

M:Hi,Sarah.What'sup?

W:Oh,hi,Ijustgotoutofahistoryclass.Ihadtogiveapresentation.

M:Howdiditgo?

W:Terribly.I'msureImadeafoolofmyself.

M:Why?Weren'tyouprepared?

W:No,itwasnotthat.IjustgetsoembarrassedandnervouswheneverIhave

tospeakinfrontofagroupofpeople.IstandupandmyfacegetsredandthenIget

evenmorenervousbecauseIknoweveryonecanseemeblushing.

M:It'snotsobadtoblush.

W:Butithappensallthetime.IftheprofessorasksaquestionandIknowthe

answer,Iblushlikecrazyifhecallsonme.Doesn'tthateverhappentoyou?

M:No,notreally.Maybeyoushouldjusttry.toforgetaboutthepeople.Look

atsomethingelseintheroomliketheexitsign.

W:IguessIcouldtrythatbutIdoubtit'llhelp.

M:Youknow,wetalkedaboutitinpsychologyclass.Blushing,eventhough

it'sinvoluntary,ismoreorlessalearnedbehavior.

W:Whatdoyoumean?

M:Oh,childrenhardlyeverblushatall.Andamongadults,supposedly,

womenblushmorethanmen.

W:Iwonderwhy?

M:Idon'tknow,butIhaveafriendathighschool,BrianSmith.Itwasreally

easytomakehimblush.Heturnedredwheneverawaitresswouldaskhimforhis

order.

W:I'mnotthatbad.Well,I'vegottogetgoingformynextclass.I'lltalktoyou

later.

Whatwasthewoman'sproblem?

對話開頭女士就說自己“像傻瓜”，說明她有問題，緊接著談論的是她在眾

人面前說話會臉紅。所以她最大的問題是A。

?Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分數：28.40）

A.HewaswatchingagameonTVwithsomefriends.V

B.Hewasseeinghiswifeoffattheairport.

C.Hewashavingabarbequewithsomefriends.

D.Hewasplayingagamewithsomefriends.

解析：［聽力原文］

W:Hey,Henry,how'severythinggoing,andwhat'swiththeflowers?

M:They'reformywife.

W:Oh,aweddinganniversaryorsomething?

M:Totellthetruth,itcouldn'tbeworse.Yousee,Ihavetopickmywifeup

fromtheairportthisevening,butwhileshewasgone,therewereafewminor

mishaps.

W:Ohreally?Whathappened?

M:Well,IhadsomeoftheguysoverFridaynighttowatchabasketballgame

onTV,butoneofthemgotallexcited,andstartedhorsingaround,wavinghisarms,

andheaccidentallyknockedovermywife's250-year-oldChineseporcelainvase

giventoherbyhergrandmother;andbrokeitbeyondrepair.

W:Ohno!You'reinhotwaternow.

M:Ifithadonlybeenthat.

W:Oh,there'smore?

M:Yeah,yousee,thewaterfromthevasespilledalloverthemanuscriptofa

bookmywifehasbeenwritingforthepasttwoyears.Itblurredtheinkovermanyof

thepages.

W:Ohno!

M:Andsooneoftheguyshadthebrightideaofdryingthepagesbythefire

whilewewatched,uh,therestofgame,butasparkfromthefiremusthaveblown

outandburnedthemanuscripttoacrisp.

W:Ah,soIgetitnow.You'rebuyingtheflowersforherasapartofsomekind

ofpeaceoffering,right?

M:No,notatall.They'reformyfuneral.

WhatwasHenrydoingFridaynightwhenhisproblemsstarted?

選項講的是男士當時在于什么。聽到女士問“哦，是嗎?發生什么事了？”時，

就該預測到后面講的是事情的經過。男士隨即說道，“我有幾個朋友周五晚上過

來看籃球賽」所以選Ao男士將要去機場接妻子，而不是B；C中的barbeque

在錄音中未提及；對話中出現過game,但它是basketballgame的省略表達，D

利用game進行語音干擾。

SectionC（總題數：0,分數：0.00）

PassageOne（總題數：3,分數：0.00）

.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分數：42.60）

A.Itisobviouslyamentalprocess.

B.ltismoreofaphysicalprocessthanamentalaction.

C.ltisaprocessthatinvolvesone'sentirebody.

D.ltinvolvesthemusclesaswellasthebrain.V

解析：［聽力原文］

Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenot

performedinthebrainalone,butthatone'smusclesalsoparticipate.Itmaybesaid

thatwethinkwithourmusclesinsomewhatthesamewayaswelistentomusicwith

ourbodies.

Yousurelyarenotsurprisedtobetoldthatyouusuallylistentomusicnot

onlywithyourearsbutwithyourwholebody.Fewpeoplecanlistentomusicthatis

moreorlessfamiliarwithoutmovingtheirbodyormorespecifically,somepartof

theirbody.Oftenwhenonelistenstoaconcertontheradio,heistemptedtodirect

theorchestraeventhoughheknowsthereisacompetentconductoronthejob.

Strangeasthisbehaviormaybe,thereisaverygoodreasonforit.One

cannotderiveallpossibleenjoymentfrommusicunlessheparticipates,sotospeak,

initsperformance.Thelistener"feels"himselfintothemusicwithmoreorless

noticeablemotionsofhisbody.

Themusclesofthebodyactuallyparticipateinthementalprocessofthinking

inthesameway,butthisparticipationislessobviousbecauseitislessnoticeable.

Accordingtothispassage,whatdosomepsychologistsmaintainabout

thinking?

文章首尾句均提到了thinking,muscles,brain的關系，答案為D。A、B只

是利用原詞胡亂拼湊，干擾性不大；C是聽音樂時的情況，不要誤選。

PassageTwo（總題數：4,分數：0.00）

.Questions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分數：56.80）

A.lbtellcampuspersonnelofthenewlibraryservices.

B.Tdannouncethenewmoviesoncampusthissummer.

C.Tonotifyuniversitypeopleofimportantschedulechanges.J

D.Toremindthestudentstovalidatetheiridentificationcards.

解析：［聽力原文］

Duringthestammersessiontherewillbearevisedscheduleofservicesfor

theuniversitycommunity.Specificchangesforintercampusbusservices,summer

hoursforthecafeteriaandrecreationalandathleticfacilitieswillbepostedonthe

bulletinboardoutsidethecafeteria.Weeklymovieandconcertscheduleswhichare

intheprocessofbeingarrangedwillbepostedeachWednesdayoutsidethe

cafeteria.

Intercampusbuseswillleavethemainhalleveryhouronthehafthourand

makealloftheregularstopsontheirroutearoundcampus.Thecafeteriawillserve

breakfast,lunch,andearlydinnerfrom7a.m.to7p.m.duringtheweekandfrom

noonto7p.m.onweekends.Thelibrary,willmaintainregularhoursduringtheweek,

butshorterhoursonSaturdaysandSundays.Theweekendhoursarefromnoonto7

p.m.

Allstudentswhowanttousethelibraryborrowingservicesandrecreational

athletic,andentertainmentfacilitiesmusthaveavalidsummeridentificationcard.

Thisannouncementwillalsoappearinthenextissueofthestudentnewspaper.

Whichofthefollowingisthemainpurposeofthisannouncement?

四個選項均以To開頭表示目的。開頭句就交待了主題，其中的核心詞是

revisedschedule,C中的change是文中revise的同義詞，答案為Co

PassageThree（總題數：3,分數：0.00）

.Questions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分數：42.60）

A.TDmakeChinesecompaniesmorecompetitive.

B.ToimprovethecompetitivenessofEuropeancompaniesinChina.

C.ToimproveSino-EUfriendship.

D.TomakeSino-EUjointventuresmorecompetitive.J

解析：［聽力原文］

ThenationwideEU-ChinaTrainingProjectforClericalStaffrecentlystartedin

BeijingfollowingthelaunchofapilotingprograminWuhan,HubeiProvince.

TheprojectisdesignedtoimprovethecompetitivenessofSino-EUjoint

ventures.Anyenterpriseinanyregionwillbeabletodiscusstrainingrequestswith

foreignexpertsandjointlydevisetrainingprograms.HelpedbyEuropeanand

Chineseexpertstheprojectwillnotonlytrainclericalstaff,butalsobenefitthe

ChineseeducationsystembyemployingthelatestEuropeantrainingmethods.Most

oftheproject'sserviceswillbefree.

ThepilotingprograminWuhan,fundedwith15millioneurosfromtheEU

CommissionandHubeiProvince,willimprovestaffinSino-EUjointventuresoverthe

nextfiveyears.Another40projectswillgoinotherprovincesandindifferent

companies.

What'sthepurposeoftheproject?

文章先介紹了一個項目，然后說明其目的。文中提到“此項目旨在提高中歐

合資企業的競爭力”，D表達的正是此義，故正確。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（總題數：0,分數：0.00）

SectionA（總題數：10,分數：0.00）

.Whensomeonecommitsacriminalact,wealwayshopethepunishmentwill

matchtheoffense.Butwhenitcomestooneofthecruelestcrimes——animalfighting

—things1workoutthatway.Dog-fightingvictimsare2andkilledfor

profitand"sport,"yettheircriminalabusersoftenreceivea3sentencefor

causingalifetimeofpain.Roughlyhaftofallfederally-convictedanimalfightersonly

getprobation（緩刑）.

Someprogresshasbeenmadeintheprosecution（起訴）ofanimalfighters.

ButfederaljudgesoftenrelyheavilyontheU.S.SentencingGuidelineswhen

they4penalties,andinthecaseofanimalfighting,thoseguidelinesare

outdatedandextremely5.

TheU.S.SentencingCommission,which6thesesentencing

guidelines,isrevisitingthem,proposingtoraisetheminimumsentencefrom6-12to

21-27months.Thisisastepintheright7,butwe'dliketoseetheU.S.

SentencingCommissionmakefurtherchangestotheguidelines.

Alongwiththiseffort,we'reworkingwithanimaladvocatesandstateand

federallawmakersto8anti-crueltylawsacrossthecountry,aswellas

supportinglawsandpoliciesthatassistoverburdenedanimal9thatcarefor

animalfightingvictims.Thishelpis10importantbecausethehighcostof

caringforanimalvictimsisamajorfactorthatpreventspeoplefromgettinginvolved

incrueltycasesinthefirstplace.

A.convenient

B.creates

C.critically

D.determine

E.direction

F.hesitate

G.inadequate

H.inspired

I.method

J.minimal

K.rarely

L.shelters

M.strengthen

N.sufferings

O.tortured（分數：35.50）

1.（分數：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：K）

解析：本題的空格位于主句的主語things和謂語動詞workout之間，且主

句結構完整，故推斷空格處填入副詞，修飾workout。上一句提到，人犯罪時，

我們希望能量刑而罰。本句的But說明斗獸的情況并非如此。詞庫中的副詞rarely

“很少”含否定意味，能體現原文中所需要的轉折邏輯，故選K。critically"重

要地；危急地”跟workout連用，句意不通，可排除。

［參考譯文］有人犯罪時，我們總希望能量刑而罰。但是當涉及一種最殘酷

的罪行一一斗獸時，情況幾乎就不是這樣了斗犬的受害者因別人為了牟利和''競

技”而被折磨和殺害，但作為罪犯的施虐者，盡管其給受害者造成終生痛苦，卻

通常只是受到一點小小的刑罰。聯邦定罪的斗獸者中，大約一半人只是被判處緩

刑。

雖然，在起訴斗獸人員的方面已經取得了一些進步，但聯邦法官定罪時通

常極為依賴“美國量刑準則”而對于斗獸而言，這些準則已不合時宜，并且內容

不充分。

制定這些量刑準則的美國量刑委員會正重新審視這些量刑，它建議將最低

刑期從6-12個月增加到21-27個月。這是往正確方向邁出的一步，但我們期望

美國量刑委員會能作進一步的修訂。

除此以外，我們還與關愛動物人士以及各州和聯邦的立法者合作，在全國

各地加強反動物虐待法。我們也支持能幫助因照顧傷殘動物而不堪重負的動物收

容所的法律政策。這種幫助是至關重要的，因為照顧斗獸中傷殘的動物花費高昂，

這是從根本上阻止人們介入動物虐待案件的一個主要因素。

2.（分數：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：。）

解析：空格與空格后的killed并列，因此空格處應填入過去分詞，且意思

跟killed“殺害”接近，詞庫中的過去分詞只有tortured“折磨”和inspired“激

發；賦予...靈感”，tortured在意思上更接近killed,且都能被目的狀語forprofit

and“sport”修飾，意為“因利益和‘競技'被折磨和殺害”，故選0,排除inspired。

3.（分數:3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：J）

解析：空格位于不定冠詞a和單數名詞sentence之間，因此空格應填入修

飾sentence的定語。由下一句的onlygetprobation”只獲得緩刑”，由此可見量

刑過輕，據此可鎖定詞庫形容詞中的minimal“最小的”。本題需注意排除

inadequate,修飾sentence意為"不充分的刑罰”語義也說得過去，但前面是不

定冠詞a,不能接inadequate,故排除Go

4.（分數：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：D）

解析：空格所在的when引導的時間狀語從句中缺少謂語動詞，主句的時

態是一般現在時（are）,且該從句主語為they,因此空格處應填入動詞原形。本句

意為“當他們（聯邦法官們）在一一處罰時，總是極為依賴‘量刑指南此外，

“量刑指南”顧名思義，是用于確定刑罰的。故詞庫動詞中的determine“確定”

符合此處語境，故選D。

5.（分數:3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：G）

解析：空格填入的詞跟空格前的形容詞outdated“過時的”并列，因此空

格處也應填入形容詞，且表示“量刑指南”的缺點。詞庫形容詞中，只有inadequate

“不足的”能表示貶義，因此選Goconvenient意為“便利的”，是褒義詞，可

以從詞的感情色彩上排除。

6.（分數：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：B）

解析：空格所在的定語從句中缺少謂語動詞，且which是指代先行詞TheU.S.

SentencingCommission“美國量刑委員會”，故空格處應填入動詞的第三人稱單

數。根據常識，''美國量刑委員會”與“量刑指南”的關系是前者制訂后者，故

選creates"創建"。

7.（分數:3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：E）

解析：空格前為形容詞right,故空格處應填入right修飾的名詞。由首段最

后一句“只得到了緩刑”可見作者認為對斗獸者的處罰太輕，而上一句提到刑期

加重了，這是符合作者期望的，故作者認為是正確的。再結合上文的step“一步”，

詞庫名詞中的direction"方向”能與之呼應，故選E。本題應注意排除method

“方法”，method通常不跟step連用，可排除。

8.（分數：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：M）

解析：空格前為to,空格后為名詞短語anti-crueltylaws。有兩種情況：當

to為介詞時，空格應填入動名詞，當to為不定式符號時，空格應填入動詞原形。

詞庫中并無動名詞，故判斷此處為不定式，表示與關愛動物人士、各州及聯邦立

法者合作的目的。animaladvocates"關愛動物人士”對于反動物虐待法當然是“支

持的”，詞庫動詞中，具有“支持”含義的動詞為strengthen"加強，強化”，故

選Mo

9.（分數:3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：L）

解析：空格后的that在從句中充當主語，that在從句中能充當成分的只有

定語從句，故可判斷空格處應填入名詞，與animal一起構成名詞短語，或填入

形容詞作后置定語修飾animaL根據空格后的“照顧斗獸中受傷的傷殘動物”，

可推斷"animal"是一個機構或組織，詞庫名詞中的shelters代入，animal

shelters表示“動物收容所”，符合語境要求。

10.（分數：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：C）

解析：空格位于is和important之間，因此空格處應填入副詞，修飾important。

下文提到“照顧動物的高昂成本使人們根本無力介入到動物虐待案件中”，故''法

律政策對不堪重負的動物收容所的幫助”是極其重要的，詞庫中的critically"重

要地”符合要求，故選C。

SectionB（總題數：10,分數：0,00）

WhenWorkBecomesaGame

A.Whatmotivatesemployeestodotheirjobswell?Competitionwith

coworkers,forsome.Thepromiseofrewards,forothers.Pureenjoymentof

problem-solving,foraluckyfew.

B.Increasingly,companiesaretappingintothesedesiresdirectlythrough

whathascometobeknownas"gamification":essentially,turningworkintoagame.

"Gamificationisaboutunderstandingwhatitisthatmakesgamesengagingandwhat

gamedesignersdotocreateagreatexperienceingames,andtakingthoselearnings

andapplyingthemtoothercontextssuchastheworkplaceandeducation,"explains

KevinWerbach,agamificationexpertwhoteachesattheWhartonSchoolof

BusinessattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaintheUnitedStates.

C.Itmightmeanmonitoringemployeeproductivityonadigitalleaderboard

andofferingprizestothewinners,orgivingemployeesdigitalbadgesorstarsfor

completingcertainactivities.Itcouldalsomeantrainingemployeeshowtodotheir

jobsthroughvideogameplatforms.CompaniesfromGoogletoL'OrealtoIBMto

WellsFargoareknowntousesomedegreeofgamificationintheirworkplaces.And

moreandmorecompaniesarejoiningthem.Arecentreportsuggeststhattheglobal

gamificationmarketwillgrowfrom$1.65billionin2015to$11.1billionby2020.

D.Theconceptofgamificationisnotentirelynew,Werbachsays.Companies,

marketersandteachershavelonglookedforfunwaystoengagepeople's

reward-seekingorcompetitivespirits.CrackerJackshasbeen"gamifying"itssnack

foodbyputtingasmallprizeinsideformorethan100years,headds,andthe

turn-of-the-centurysteelmagnate（巨頭）CharlesSchwabissaidtohaveoftencome

intohisfactoryandwrittenthenumberoftonsofsteelproducedonthepastshifton

thefactoryfloor;thusmotivatingthenextshiftofworkerstobeatthepreviousone.

E.Buttheword"gamification"andthewidespread,consciousapplicationof

theconceptonlybeganinearnestaboutfiveyearsago,Werbachsays.Thanksinpart

tovideogames,thegenerationnowenteringtheworkforceisespeciallyopentothe

ideaofhavingtheirworkgamified."Weareatapointwhereinmuchofthe

developedworldthevastmajorityofyoungpeoplegrewupplayingvideogames,

andanincreasinglyhighpercentageofadultsplaythesevideogamestoo,"Werbach

says.

F.Anumberofcompanieshavesprungup一GamEffective,Bunchballand

Badgeville,tonameafew-inrecentyearsofferinggamificationplatformsfor

businesses.Theplatformsthataremosteffectiveturnemployees'ordinaryjobtasks

intopartofarichadventurenarrative."Whatmakesagamegame-likeisthatthe

playeractuallycaresabouttheoutcome,"Werbachsays."Theprincipleisabout

understandingwhatismotivatingtothisgroupofplayers,whichrequiressome

understandingofpsychology."

G.Somepeople,Werbachsays,aremotivatedbycompetition.Salespeople

oftenfallintothiscategory.Forthem,therightkindofgamificationmightbeturning

theirsalespitchesintoacompetitionwithotherteammembers,completewitha

digitalleaderboardshowingwhoiswinningatalltimes.Othersaremoremotivated

bycollaborationandsocialexperiences.OnecompanyWerbachhasstudieduses

gamificationtocreateasenseofcommunityandboostemployees'morale（士氣）.

Whenemployeeslogintotheircomputers,they'reshownapictureofoneoftheir

coworkersandaskedtoguessthatperson'sname.

H.Gamificationdoesnothavetobedigital.MonicaCornettirunsacompany

thatgamifiesemployeetrainings.Sometimesthisinvolvestechnology,butoftenit

doesnot.Sherecentlydesignedagamificationstrategyforasalestrainingcompany

withastorm-chasingtheme.Employeesformed"stormchaserteams"andcompeted

instorm-themededucationalexercisestoearnvariousrewards."Rewardsdonot

havetobestuff,"Cornettisays."Rewardscanbeflexibleworkinghours."Another

training,thisoneforpayrolllaw,usedaSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfstheme.

"SnowWhite"isavailableforeveryonetouse,butthe"dwarfs"arestillunder

copyright,soCornettiinventedsound-alikecharacters（GrumpyGus,DopeyDan）to

illustratespecificpayrolllawprinciples.

I.Somepeopledonottakenaturallytogamifiedworkenvironments,

Cornettisays.Inherexperience,peopleinpositionsofpowerorpeopleinfinanceor

engineeringdonottendtolikethesoundoftheword."Ifwe'redesigningfor

engineers,I'mnottalkingabouta'game'atall,"Cornettisays."I'mtalkingabouta

'simulation'（模擬），I'mtalkingabout'beingabletosolvetiffsproblem."'

J.GamificationisHnotamagicbullet,"Werbachwarns.Agamification

strategythatisnotsufficientlythoughtthroughorwelltailoredtoitsplayersmay

engagepeopleforalittlewhile,butitwillnotmotivatepeopleinthelongterm.It

canalsobeexploitative,especiallywhenusedwithvulnerablepopulations.For

workers,especiallylow-paidworkers,whodesperatelyneedtheirjobsyetknowthey

canbeeasilyreplaced,gamificationmayfeelmoreliketheHungerGames.Werbach

givestheexampleofseveralDisneylandhotelsinAnaheim,California,whichused

largedigitalleaderboardstodisplayhowefficientlylaundryworkerswereworking

comparedtooneanother.Someemployeesfoundtheboardmotivating.Toothers,it

wastheoppositeoffun.Somebegantostoptakingbathroombreaks,worriedthatif

theirproductivityfelltheywouldbefired.Pregnantemployeesstruggledtokeepup.

InaLosAngelesTimesarticle,oneemployeereferredtotheboardasa"digital

whip.11"Itactuallyhadaverynegativeeffectonmoraleandperformance,"Werbach

says.

K.Still,gamificationonlystandstobecomemorepopular,hesays,"asmore

andmorepeoplecomeintotheworkforcewhoarefamiliarwiththestructuresand

expressionsofdigitalgames."nWearefarfromreachingthepeak,"Cornettiagrees.

"There'snoreasonthiswillgoaway."（分數:71.00）

1.Somefamouscompaniesarealreadyusinggamificationandmorearetrying

todothesame.（分數：7.10）

填空項1：（正確答案：C）

解析：有些知名公司已采用游戲化策略，往后更多公司也將嘗試這么做。

本題與公司對游戲化的應用有關，故將定位鎖定在B、C兩段。根據Some

famouscompanies可查找至IJC段第3、4句。第3句提到，目前已經用上游