第頁Ⅰ．下面的句子摘自全國各地高考英語試題的閱讀理解部分。準確理解它們，對做好后面相應的試題至關重要。請在下面橫線上填上合適的內容，并注意領會理解長難句的思路和方法。

1.Anyonewhocaresaboutwhatschoolsandcollegesteachandhowtheirstudentslearnwillbeinterestedinthememoir(回憶錄)ofRalphW.Tyler,whoisoneofthemostfamousmeninAmericaneducation.(全國卷ⅠD篇)

我們來分析句子的結構：這是一個復合句。首先找出句子的主干：Anyonewillbeinterestedinthememoir。Anyone是主語，謂語是_______________，memoir是____語。Anyone后面是一個由who引導的______從句，用來限定Anyone所指的范圍。在這個從句中，又包含兩個由and連接并分別由what和how引導的______從句，表示caresabout的內容。逗號后面的部分是由who引導的______從句，修飾RalphW.Tyler，是對他所做的補充說明。以上分析可以幫助我們很容易地找到下面第68題的答案。

68.WhoaremostprobablyinterestedinRalphW.Tyler'smemoir?

A.Topmanagers.

B.Languagelearners.

C.Seriouseducators.

D.Scienceorganizations.2.Anevaluationearlierthisyearreportedthatchildrenontheschememade20months'progressinjustoneyear,whereassimilarlyweakreaderswithoutspecialhelpmadejustfivemonths'progress,andsoendedtheyearevenfurtherbelowthelevelexpectedfortheirage.(山東卷B篇)

分析句子結構：這是一個含有賓語從句的主從復合句。其中賓語從句又是一個由_______連接的并列句。第一個并列分句的主干___________________________________，第二個分句的主干是weakreadersmadefivemonths'progressandendedtheyear。能否正確地理解這句話，直接影響到下面第62題的解答。

62.WhatdoweknowaboutReadingRecovery?

A.Anevaluationofitwillbemadesometimethisyear.

B.Weakreadersontheprojectwerethemosthardworking.

C.Itaimstotrainspecialteacherstohelpchildrenwithreading.

D.Childrenontheprojectshowednoticeableprogressinreading.3.Inavictoryofgreenbusinessthatiscertaintoappealtoenvironmentally-awaremusic-lovers,adesignstudentistoreceivefinancialsupporttoproduceeco-friendlytentsmadeofcardboardthatcanberecycledafterthebandsandthecrowdshavegonehome.(上海卷D篇)這個句子的主干是：adesignstudentistoreceivefinancialsupport。逗號前面的部分是由In引導的介詞短語，在句中做___語。其中的greenbusiness又帶有一個由that引導的______從句。madeofcardboardthatcanberecycledafterthebandsandthecrowdshavegonehome是過去分詞短語做tents的___語。其中cardboard又帶有一個由that引導的定語從句。在這個定語從句中，還包含一個由after引導的狀語從句。理清句子的結構，對于解決下面第76題很有幫助。

76."Eco-friendlytents"inparagraph1referstotents________.

A.economicallydesirable

B.favorabletotheenvironment

C.forholdingmusicperformance

D.designedfordisasterrelief

Ⅱ．閱讀下面的句子，找出句子的主干（即整個長句的主語、謂語和賓語），分析句子的結構，同時注意思考以下問題：①如何在長句中迅速找到句子的主干部分？

②在復合句中哪類詞能幫助我們迅速確定各種從句？

③怎樣判斷長句中的某個部分是句子的次要信息？

例：Thethreefriends,Elliotthecucumber,SedgewickthegourdandGeorgethegrape,workaswaitersatadinnertheater,arestaurantthatpresentsaplayduringdinner.(Vegetableheroes,Para.3,P4)

句子主干：主語：friends謂語：work

結構分析：復合句。three是數詞做定語，修飾friends；Elliotthecucumber,Sedgewickthegourd(葫蘆)andGeorgethegrape做friends的同位語；aswaiters和atadinnertheater是介詞短語做狀語，修飾work；dinnertheater后面的部分是同位語，用來對dinnertheater進行解釋，其中that…dinner是定語從句，修飾restaurant。Ex.

1.Itwaslaterrevealed（揭露）thattheBritishpress（出版社）hadknownaboutitsincethebeginningbuthadmadeanagreementwiththeRoyal(皇家的)familynottoreportonit.(Media'sbadboy,Para.1,P2)

句子主干：__________________________________________________________

2.Asaresult,I,theoncethinnestgirlinmyclass,gainedsomeweightthatmyparentsandfriendsathomeweresurprisedat.(Learningfromwhatyoueat,Para.3,P3)

句子主干：__________________________________________________________

3.Workingalonesincetheageof40,heintroducedtheGaiahypothesis(蓋婭假說),atheorythattheEarthisaself-regulatingsuper-organism(自我調整的超級有機體).(Earthisintrouble,Para.4,P6)

句子主干：______________________________________________________________Ⅲ一個句子無論有多長，都包含一個中心意思。找出句子的中心意思，可以幫助我們更好地理解句中的細節信息。那么怎樣確定句子的中心意思呢？

首先，將細節信息與中心意思分離。細節信息往往告訴我們事情發生的時間、地點、原因、方式、目的以及列舉、舉例等。

其次，找出句子與哪個人或物有關。

最后，找出這個人做了什么事情，或者這個人或物發生了什么事情。

例如：WhilewatchingTVormovies,CaoYi,15,fromChongqing,oftenfeelsenvious(羨慕的)ofthoserolesthathaveanelderbrother.(Lonelygeneration,Para.1,P2)

首先除去細節信息：

When:WhilewatchingTVormovieHowold:15Where:fromChongqing

Which:thathaveanelderbrotherWho:CaoYi

Whatdidhedo?Feelsenviousofthoseroles.

所以這個句子的中心意思是：CaoYifeelsenviousofthoseroles.

Ex.1Asaresultoftheone-childpolicy,whichhaslastedthirtyyears,manyteenagerstodayincitiesfeellonelybecausetheyareanonlychild.(Lonelygeneration,Para.2,P2)

句子主干：__________________2AstheBeijingOlympicsapproach,15-year-oldLuoJiepresentedfouroriginalsongsonMarch6totheBeijingOrganizingCommitteeforthe29thOlympicGames,whichissolicitingOlympicmusicworks.(Singingforgold,Para.1,P3)

句子主干：__________________3However,Luograduallyfellinlovewiththeman,whodied70yearsago,aftershefoundplentyoflifestoriesontheInternet.(Singingforgold,Para.4,P3)

句子主干：__________________4Sincestudentsmightnotknoweverybodyinthegroup,wesharedourfavoritefoodandplayedgamestogettoknowoneanotherbetter.(Havingfunonacoldcampingtrip,Para.2,P3)

句子主干：__________________

如何理解長難句

分清主次信息

＊位于逗號之間或其后面的部分通常是句子的次要信息

＊位于破折號之間或其后面的部分通常是句子的次要信息

＊位于括號內的部分通常是句子的次要信息

找出句子主干

＊尋找句子所描述的主體

＊弄清句子主體發生了什么事情

理清邏輯關系

＊在復合句中，尋找從句的引導詞

＊確定從句在主句中的作用

＊依照前面所講的步驟，進一步分析從句內的句子結構

【2018高考】英語超重點學習營課前資料目錄：一、重點單詞………………第1～5頁二、重點詞組………………第5～15頁三、高級詞匯………………第15～18頁四、詞組固定搭配…………第18～27頁五、高級句型結構…………第27～29頁六、過去完成時概念………第30～31頁七、閱讀理解解題指導………第32頁一、重點單詞1.able用法：beabletodoNote:反義詞unable表示不能，而disabled表示殘疾的。

beabletodo可以表示經過艱難困苦才能做到的事。2.abroad用法：表示到（在）國外，是一個副詞，前面不加介詞。Note:可以說fromabroad,表示從國外回來。

3.admit用法：表示承認的時候后面要加上動名詞形式。

Note:表示允許進入的時候與介詞to搭配。4.advise用法：advisesb.todo;advisedoing

Note:后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：advisethatsb.(should)do的形式。5.afford用法：通常與動詞不定式搭配使用。

Note:前面需要有beableto或can等詞。6.after用法：表示在時間、空間之后；beafter表示追尋。

Note:用在將來時的時候后面接一時間點，而in接一個時間段，如：after3o’clock;in3days.7.agree用法：與介詞on,to,with及動詞不定式搭配。

Note:agreeon表示達成一致；agreeto表示批準；agreewith表示同意某人說的話。8.alive用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。Note:可以作狀語使用，表示活活地，如：burysb.alive.9.allow用法：allowdoing;allowsb.todo

Note:可以表示允許進入，如：Pleaseallowmein.10.among用法：用在三者或三者以上的群體中。

Note:還可以表示其中之一，如：Heisamongthebest.11.and用法：用于連接兩個詞、短語、句子或其他相同結構。

Note:與祈使句搭配時往往可以表示條件。如：Workhard,andyou’llsucceedsoonerorlater.12.another用法：表示又一個，泛指，相當于onemore的含義。Note:不能直接加復數名詞，需要與一個數詞搭配，如：another2weeks.

13.answer用法：及物動詞，但在作名詞時要與介詞、to搭配。Note:可以表示接電話、應門等。如：answerthephone/door.14.anxious用法：beanxiousfor/about/todo

Note:beanxiousabout表示擔心；beanxiousfor表示盼望得到。15.appear用法：不及物動詞，沒有賓語，沒有被動語態。Note:還可以作為系動詞，與seem同義，表示看起來……。16.arrive用法：arriveat表示到一個小地方；arrivein表示到一個大地方。Note:引申含義表示得出，如：arriveatadecision/conclusion.17.ask用法：asktodo;asksb.todo;askfor

Note:后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：askthatsb.(should)do的形式。18.asleep用法：表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。Note:通常與動詞be及fall搭配；soundasleep表示熟睡。19.attend用法：表示參加，后面經常加上meeting,lecture,conference,class,school,wedding,funeral等詞；也可以表示照顧，照料。Note:attendto可以表示處理、照料等。20.attention用法：payattentionto;draw/catchsb’sattentionNote:寫通知時的常用語：MayIhaveyourattention,please?21.beat用法：表示打敗某人，或連續不斷地擊打某物。

Note:heartbeat表示心跳。22.because用法：后面接原因狀語從句，becauseof后面接名詞。Note:because表示直接原因，因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑問句及用在強調句中。23.become用法：系動詞，表示變得……。可以由好變壞或由壞變好。Note:becomeofsb.表示某人發生了什么事情。

24.before用法：beforelong,longbefore,thedaybeforeyesterday,theweek/yearbeforelast上上周/前年Note:Itbe+段時間before…在該句型中，主句時態只有將來時態和一般過去時態。25.begin用法：begintodo;begindoing

Note:當begin本身是進行時的時候，只能用begintodo的形式。如：Itwasbeginningtorain.26.believe用法：believesb.表示相信某人說的話；believeinsb.表示信任；6123結構。Note:回答問句時通常用Ibelieveso/not的形式。27.besides用法：表示除……之外還有，包含在一個整體之中。Note:還可以用作副詞，表示此外，要用逗號隔開。28.beyond用法：表示越過、在另一邊，如：beyondthewood/bridge.Note:可以用于引申含義，表示超出……，如：beyondcontrol/power/description.

29.bit用法：與alittle一樣可以修飾不可數名詞，形容詞或副詞。Note:修飾名詞時要用abitof；notabit表示一點也不。30.blame用法：take/beartheblame;blamesth.on.sb.

Note:表示應受到責怪時不用被動語態，如：Heistoblame.31.blow用法：blowdown/awayNote:表示風刮得很大時要用blowhard.

32.boil用法：boiling表示沸騰的；boiled表示煮過的。Note:boilingpoint可以表示沸點。

33.borrow用法：borrow表示借入：lend表示借出。Note:點動詞，不能表示借的時間長短。

34.breath用法：holdone’sbreath;outofbreath;saveone’sbreathNote:takeabreath表示深吸一口氣；takebreath表示喘口氣。35.burn用法：burndown/up/one’shandNote:burning表示點著的；burnt表示燒壞的。

36.business用法：onbusiness表示出差；in/outofbusiness表示開/關張。Note:表示商業時不可數，表示具體的行業時可數。

37.busy用法：bebusywith/doing.Note:不能說Myworkisbusy.應說Iambusywithmywork.

38.buy用法：buysth.for5dollars;buysth.forsb.Note:點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。

39.but用法：not…but..butfornextbutone,havenochoicebutodosth.,allbut幾乎，差一點Note:donothingbutdosth.nothing前有do，后面的to要省略。Notonly…butalso…引導的并列句，前倒后不倒。cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不能不，只能40.by用法：byaccident,byair/sea/train,byandby,byfar,byforce,bymistake,bychance,bythewayNote:bywayof取道，經由。byreasonof由于。by引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。41.care用法：takecareof;withcare;carefor/aboutNote:careabout表示在乎，常用于否定句；carefor表示關心，喜愛，常用于肯定句。42.carry用法：carry表示搬運；carryon表示進行；堅持下去；carryout表示執行。Note:carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。43.case用法：incase;incaseof;inanycase;inthis/thatcase

Note:incase后面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即incasesb.shoulddo的形式。44.catch用法：catchthethief;catchfire;catchacold;catchupwithNote:becaught表示陷入困境，如：Hewascaughtintherain.45.cattle用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復數形式。如：Cattleareraisedhere.Note:一頭牛可以用aheadofcattle.注意:十頭牛用tenheadofcattle。

46.chance用法：bychance;takeachance;thereisachancethat…Note:在chance后面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。47.change用法：changeAforB表示用A換成B；changeAintoB表示把A變成B。Note:表示變化時是可數名詞，表示零錢時不可數。48.class用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。Note:inclass表示在上課，intheclass表示在班上。49.close用法：動詞表示關閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。Note:close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。50.clothes用法：復數名詞，謂語動詞用復數，不能加不定冠詞。Note:要用few或many來修飾。

51.buy用法：buysth.for5dollars;buysth.forsb.Note:點動詞，不能表示買的時間長短。

52.but用法：not…but..butfornextbutone,havenochoicebutodosth.,allbut幾乎，差一點

Note:donothingbutdosth.nothing前有do，后面的to要省略。Notonly…butalso…引導的并列句，前倒后不倒。cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不能不，只能53.by用法：byaccident,byair/sea/train,byandby,byfar,byforce,bymistake,bychance,bytheway

Note:bywayof取道，經由。byreasonof由于。by引導的時間狀語一般句子用完成時態。54.call用法：callfor/up/back/in/,callonsb.todosth.,pay/makeacallonsb.givesb.acall,oncallNote:callat后面跟地點；callon后面跟人。55.care用法：takecareof;withcare;carefor/about

Note:careabout表示在乎，常用于否定句；carefor表示關心，喜愛，常用于肯定句。56.carry用法：carry表示搬運；carryon表示進行；堅持下去；carryout表示執行。

Note:carry沒有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。57.case用法：incase;incaseof;inanycase;inthis/thatcase

Note:incase后面的狀語從句可以用虛擬語氣，即incasesb.shoulddo的形式。58.catch用法：catchthethief;catchfire;catchacold;catchupwith,catchsb.doingsth.

Note:becaught表示陷入困境，如：Hewascaughtintherain.59.cattle用法：集合名詞，動詞要用復數形式。如：Cattleareraisedhere.

Note:一頭牛可以用aheadofcattle.注意十頭牛用tenheadofcattle。60.chance用法：bychance;takeachance;thereisachancethat…Note:在chance后面可以用動詞不定式或者of的結構作定語。61.change用法：changeAforB表示用A換成B；changeAintoB表示把A變成B。Note:表示變化時是可數名詞，表示零錢時不可數。62.charge用法：chargesb.with(doing)sth.that…,chargesb.todosth.chargesb.for$

Note:inchargeof負責；inthechargeof由某人負責(表示的是被動的)。63.class用法：集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。Note:inclass表示在上課，intheclass表示在班上。

64.clear用法：clearaway,clearoff,makeclear,itisclearthat…Note:clearup及物時表示“澄清，整理，收拾”；不及物表示“晴朗起來，開朗起來”。65.close用法：動詞表示關閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。

Note:close作副詞時表示距離上的靠近，而另一個副詞形式closely表示密切地。66.clothes用法：復數名詞，謂語動詞用復數，不能加不定冠詞。Note:要用few或many來修飾。67.collect用法：collectstamps;collectone’schildfromschool

Note:acollectphone表示對方付費的電話。68.come用法：表示到說話者所處的地方來。常見短語有：cometo,comeabout,comeacross,comeout,cometoanend,comedown,comeup,comeintobeing/exist/force/effect等。

Note:可用作系動詞，表示變成，如：Hisdreamscametrue.69.common用法：表示普遍性，如：Smithisacommonname.

Note:commonsense表示常識；incommon表示共同點。70.compare用法：compare…with…表示把……與……作比較；compare…to…表示把……比作……。Note:用作狀語時，二者都可以表示比較，如：Comparedwith/tootherwomen,shewasverylucky.71.consider用法：considerdoingsth./whattodo/that...，considersb.sth.6123結構

Note:該詞直接跟賓語用動名詞但可以用不定式作賓補；considering引導短語作狀語，表示“考慮到”72.condition用法：表示生活、工作等的條件或狀況。

Note:onconditionthat表示只要，條件狀語從句。

73.content用法：becontentwith/todo

Note:表語性形容詞，在句中只能作表語，不能作定語。74.cost用法：sth.costsb.somemoney，只能用物作主語。Note:修飾cost要用副詞high或low.

75.cover用法：becoveredwith表示狀態；becoveredby表示動作。Note:反義詞uncover表示揭開蓋子；discover表示發現。76.cross用法：crossoff劃掉，crossone’smind,crossout,bearone’scross忍受痛苦Note:作形容詞一般用于becrosswithsb.=beangrywithsb.77.crowd用法：becrowdedwithNote:集合名詞，謂語動詞單復數由其表示的意思決定。78.cure用法：curesb.of…Note:cure強調治愈，表示結果；而treat知表示動作。79.cut用法：cutdown/up/off

Note:作名詞時ashortcut表示捷徑。80.damage用法：dodamagetosb.=dosb.harm

Note:表示損害的時候不可數，復數形式可以表示賠償費。81.danger用法：indanger表示處于危險的境地。Note:表示一般概念時不可數，表示具體危險時可數。82.dare用法：作為情態動詞一般用于否定句，疑問句或者條件狀語從句；作為實意動詞后跟不定式。Note:Idaresaythat….意為：我猜測，可能，或許。83.dark用法：before/afterdark;inthedark

Note:可以表示深色的，如：darkblue.84.deal用法：agreat/gooddealof修飾不可數名詞。Note:作動詞時構成短語dealwith,常與副詞how搭配。85.defeat用法：及物動詞，后面的賓語是國家，隊，軍隊等名詞。Note:不能用人作賓語。86.demand用法：demandtodo;demandthat…,demandofsb.todosth.

Note:后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。即：demandthatsb.(should)do的形式。87.depend用法：dependonsb./sth./one’sdoingsth./todosth.Note:depend不及物動詞，常和on連用。意為“依靠，信賴”88.desert用法：名詞表示沙漠；動詞表示拋棄。

Note:可以用過去分詞作表語或定語，表示廢棄的，如：adesertedhouse.89.determine用法：determinetodo;determinesb.todo

Note:過去分詞表示有決心的，可以說bedeterminedtodosth.決心做…(表示狀態)90.devote用法：devoteoneselfto;bedevotedto

Note:與devote搭配的to是介詞，后面接名詞或動名詞。如：Hiswholelifewasdevotedtoteaching.91.die用法：dieof/from/for/out/away

Note:點動詞，不與for引起的時間狀語連用。92.difficulty用法：havedifficultywith;havedifficultieswithsth.;havedifficultyindoingsth.;Note:表示一般概念時不可數，表示具體困難時可數。93.disagree用法：disagreewithsb.

Note:disagree雖然在形式上有否定前綴，但并不是個否定詞。注意它的反義問句形式：Hedisagreedwithyou,didn’the?94.distance用法：inthedistance;atadistanceNote:可用于引申含義，表示時間上或情感上的距離。95.divide用法：divide…into…表示把……分成幾份。強調分成等份。Note:可以表示除法，如：Ninedividedbythreeisthree.96.do用法：doawaywith,dosb.afaour;doup;dowith.,dowonders,dosb.wrong=dowrongtosb.

Note:主要用作及物動詞；不及物時表示“行”：Ifyouhavenopen,pencilwilldo.97.doubt用法：doubtsb./sth.,beyonddoubt,indoubt,nodoubt,withoutadoubt

Note:主句是否定句時賓語用that引導；主句是肯定句時賓語用whether/if引導。98.downtown用法：副詞，前面不加介詞，如：godowntown.

Note:可用作定語，如：adowntownstreet.99.draw用法：drawapicture/thecurtain

Note:引申含義表示得出，如：drawaconclusion/lesson.100.dream用法：dreamof/about/that…二、重點詞組1.beabletodo能夠做Afterpayinggreatefforts,heisabletospeakEnglishfluently.2.beabouttodo正要做AsIwasabouttosay,youinterruptedme.

3.add…to…把……加……Ifyouadd5to5,yougetten.Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomehotwater.Thisaddstoourdifficulties.

4.beafraidof害怕Iwasafraidofhurtingherfeelings.

5.goagainst反對Wedon'tagreewiththeproposal,becauseitgoesagainstthelaw.

6.agreeon達成一致Weagreedonanearlystart/makingaearlystart.Weallagreeontheterms.

7.agreetodo同意做Myfatherhasagreedtobuymeanewcomputer.

8.agreewith同意某人（或其想法、觀點、認識等）；與……相符Idon'tagreewithyouonthispoint.YourstoryagreeswithwhatIhadalreadyheard.Theclimatedoesn'tagreewithme.ThemusselsIhadforlunchhaven'tagreedwithme.Theverbagreesitssubjectinnumberandperson.

9.beangrywith對……生氣Hewasangrywithhimselfforhavingmadesuchafoolishmistake.Hewasangryatbeingkeptwaiting.10.beanxiousabout對……擔心Iwasanxiousaboutmyson'shealth.

11.applyfor申請IhaveappliedtotheConsulforthevisa.

12.takesth.inone'sarms把……抱在懷里Shetookabunchofrosesinherarms.

13.takeuparms拿起武器Weshouldtakeupourarmstodefendourmotherland.

14.arrivein/ataplace達到某地MybrotherwillarriveinBeijingnextMonday.Iarriveattheschooleverymorningataregulartime.15.ask(sb.)forsth.向（某人）要某物Youshouldn'taskyourparentsformoneyanymore.16.payattentionto對……注意

Whenyouwriteanessay,youhaveseveralthingstopayattentionto.17.beawayfrom遠離……Whenyoufriendisintrouble,don'tbeawayfromhim/her;instead,youshouldtryyourbesttohelp.18.go/runaway逃跑It'sdangerous!Go/runawayimmediately.19.beat…todeath將……打死Hewasnearlybeattodeathonceafterhewascaughtstealing.20.gotobed上床休息IwassotiredthatIwenttobedearlierthanbefore.

21.makethebed鋪床Youareoldenoughtomakethebedsbyyourself.

22.begone'spardon請某人再說一遍

SorryIdidn'tcatchit.Ibegyourpardon.

23.begin…with以……開始Thepartybeganwithacheerfulsong.

24.believein信仰Inwesterncountries,manypeoplebelieveinGod.

25.belongto屬于ThatTaiwanbelongstoChinashouldbeunquestionable.

26.doone'sbest盡最大的努力Ifyouhavedoneyourbest,thenthere'snothingtoregret.

27.hadbetter最好Youhadbetterstopsmoking.

28.blowaway吹走Thewindblewtheheataway.

29.takeaboat乘船Itookaboattogototheislandinthecenterofthelake.

30.beborn出生Hewasborninawealthyfamily.

31.breakawayfrom從……脫離，斷絕關系Wewon'tsay"Yes"toanyone'sbreakingawayfromourcountry.Can'tyoubreakawayfromoldhabits?32.breakdown（指計劃、打算）破滅；（機器）壞了；（身體狀況）變差Ourplanshavebrokendown.

Negotiationsbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendown.Theenginebrokedown.Hishealthbrokedownafterthedeathofhiswife.Sugarandstarcharebrokendowninthestomach.33.breakinto破門而入Hishousewasbrokenintolastweek.

34.breakoff從中間打斷Hebrokeoffinthemiddleofasentence.Let'sbreakoffforanhourandhavesometea.Themastbrokeoff.

35.breakout（指戰爭、災難、爭吵等）突然爆發Afirebrokeoutduringthenight.Thequarrelbrokeoutafresh.36.breaktherules違反規則Everyoneinthegroupmustn'tbreaktherules.37.breakup擊碎、驅散終止

結束分裂

分開分手放學Theshipwasbreakingupontherocks.Thegatheringbrokeupindisorder.Thepolicebrokeupthecrowd.38.holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸Heheldhisbreathandsneakedintohisroom.

39.bringdown擊落、打倒Amomentago,webroughtdownahostileaircraft.Weshouldbringdownthetyrant.

40.bringin賺得、贏得（利潤）Hisfarmsbring(him)in$20000ayear.Theprogrambringsinanewfashion.41.bringon導致……結果Hewasoutalldayintherainandthisbroughtonabadcold.Thefineweatherisbringingthecropsonnicely.Thecoachisbringingonsomeyoungstersinthereserveteam.42.bringup撫養Shehasbroughtupfivechildren.Ifchildrenarebadlybroughtuptheybehavebadly.43.buildup建立；恢復（身體狀況等）Hehasbuiltupagoodbusiness.Hewentonholidayandsoonbuiltuphishealth.44.burn…totheground把……夷為平地TheJapaneseinvadersburntthehousestotheground.45.burndown燒光Thehousewasburntdown.

46.burstintolaughter.突然爆發大笑Onseeingtheamusingscene,sheburstintolaughter.

47.burstintotears突然大哭Shesuddenlyburstintotears.48.bebusydoing/withsth.忙于做某事Wearebusypreparingfor/withtheexam.

49.callat(aplace)拜訪某地Icalledatthetailor'sacoupleofdaysago.

50.callback回電話Iwillcallbacklater.

51.callfor到某地取東西；接人；要求；呼吁AmancallseveryMondayforoldnewspapers.I'llcallforyouat6o'clock.Theoccasioncallsforpromptaction.Peopleallovertheworldcallforpeace.

52.callin請（醫生）Pleasecallinadoctoratonce.

53.callon拜訪某人Myunclecalledonmeyesterdayonhiswayhome.54.takecareof照顧；負責Thenursetookgoodcareofthepatients.Here,letmetakecareofthecleaning.Thesearethedevicesthattakecareofthewastefromthefactory.55.carefor擔心、關心、想MyparentscareformysafetywhenItravelbymyself.Theeldersshouldcarefortheyoungergeneration.Wouldyoucareforagameoftabletennis?

56.carryoff奪走（生命）；取得（獎勵等）Theterriblewarcarriedoffherfather'slife.Tomcarriedoffalltheschoolprizes.57.carryon進行Thediscussioncarriedonafterashortbreak.58.carryout實施Theplanhastobecarriedoutassoonaspossible.59.catchfire起火Thismaterialiseasytocatchfire.Becareful.

60.catchupwith趕上Ihavetostudyevenharderthanbeforeinordertocatchupwithmypeers.61.change…for把……換成Theshirtistoobig.CanIchangeforanotherone.62.change…into把……變成Hechangedintohisworkingclotheswhenhebegantowork.63.changeone'smind改變主意Ipersuadedhimtochangehismind.

64.checkout核對，檢查Wouldyouhelpmetocheckoutthenamesandnumbers.Hecheckedoutandleftthehotel.

65.clearaway收拾，整理Pleasehelpmetoclearawaytheteathings.

66.clearup（指天）晴朗；清理Theweather/skyisclearingup.Clearupthedeskbeforeyouleavetheoffice.

67.catch/takecold;haveacold感冒Hewasabsentbecausehecaughtcoldlastnight.68.comeabout產生……結果Howdoesitcomeabouthalfoftheclassareabsent?69.comeacross碰巧遇到；突然想起Icameacrossthisoldbroochinacurioshop.Thethoughtcameacrossmymindthatwe…

70.comeback回想起來Theirnamesareallcomingbacktomenow.

71.comedown（指雨）下得很大；（指氣溫）下降Theraincamedowninbucketfuls.Thetemperaturecamedownsuddenly.

72.comefrom來自MuchofthebutterinEnglandcomesfromNewZealand.73.comeoff脫落Thebuttonhascomeoffmycoat.

74.comeon加油Comeon!Let'sracetothebottomofthehill.

75.comeout出現；（指花）開放；Thestarscomeout.Theflowersarecomingout.Whenwillhisnewbookcomeout?

76.cometo（指數字）達到Thetotalnumberofpeoplewhoattendedtheconferencecameto1000.77.cometrue（指夢想）實現Ihopethatmydreamwillcometrueonedayinthefuture.78.comeupHecameupthehardway.Thequestionhasn'tcomeupyet.79.comparewith與……比較Comparedwitheducationinwesterncountries,Chinahasherownspecialfeatures.

80.compareto把……比作Teachersaresometimescomparedtocandles.

81.connectto與……聯系It'sarailwaythatconnectsBeijingtoShenzhen.

82.connectwith與……聯接Wheredoescookerconnectwiththegas-pipe?

83.beconsideredas被認為是Sheisconsideredasthebestteacherinourschool.

84.considerdoingsth.考慮做……I'mconsideringmovingabroad.

85.becoveredwith被……覆蓋Thegroundwascoveredwithheavysnow.

86.cutdown砍倒Don'tcutdowntheyoungtrees.

87.cutoff砍掉；截斷Don'tcutyourfingersoff!Theenemyhadcutoffourfoodsupply.

89.cutup切碎I'llcutupthemeat.

90.datefrom起始于Thetempledatesfromoverathousandyearsago.

91.dealwith處理；對付；相處；涉及Howdoyoudealwiththedifficulties?Themanishardtodealwith.Thebookdealswithhealthproblems.

92.doagooddeed做好事

Duringhislifetime,LeiFenghaddonemanygooddeeds.93.dependon取決于；信任Whetherwegotoparkthisweekenddependsontheweather.YoucanalwaysdependonJim,forheisanhonestman.Itdependsonyou.Anytimeisallrightforme.94.devoteto把（時間、精力等）專注于……MaryCuriodevotedallherlifetotheresearchofradiationmatters,95.dieof死于Hediesofadisease.

96.dieout絕種Manyoldcustomsaregraduallydyingout.97.bedifferentfrom與……不同

Thepictureontherightisdifferentfromtheoneontheleft.98.divideup把……分開Wedividedthemoneyupequally.Howshallwedividetheworkup?

99.divideinto把……分成（幾部分）Thehousewasdividedintotwoparts.

100.dosb.afavor給某人幫忙Wouldyoudomeafavor?

101.dowellin在……方面表現好Hedidwellinmathswhenhewasinhighschool.

102.dowrong犯錯誤，犯罪Hewassentencedthreeyearsforhisdoingwrong.

103.dreamof夢想Iamalwaysdreamingoftravelingaroundtheworld.

104.dropin順路拜訪Somefriendsdroppedintotea.

105.earnone'sliving掙錢維持生計Sheearnedherlivingbywriting.

106.eatup吃光Hewassohungrythatheateupallthefoodonthetable.107.haveaneffecton對……有影響Herchildhoodlifehadagreateffectonherlaterlife.

108.endup結束（一般是不太好的結果）Ifyoucontinuestealingyouwillendupinprison.

109.fallasleep入睡Hewassotiredthathefellasleepverysoon.

110.fallbehind落后Healwaysfallsbehindwhenwe'regoinguphill.

111.falldown摔倒Babiesoftenfalldownwhentheyarelearningtowalk.Thebasketisfullofeggs-don'tletitfalldown.

112.fallill生病Hehasfallenill.

113.fallinlovewith與……相愛Hefellinlovewithanactress.

114.falloff從……摔下Thedailynumberofpassengersbythislineshowsaslightfallingoff.Thenaughtyboyfelloffthetreewhenhereachedthebirdnest.

115.fallover摔入Hefelloverintothewaterandbrokehislegs.

116.falltopieces摔成碎片Thewindowwasbrokenandfelltopieces.

117.befamiliarwith與……熟悉HewasfamiliarwithEnglishanddidthetranslationworkwell.118.befamousfor因……出名

BillGatesisfamousforhisgreatestfortuneoftheworld.119.feellikedoing想做……Idon'tfeellikeeatingtoomuch.

120.fillin填寫Pleasefillintheapplicationformsbeforeyougoforainterview.121.findout找出事實真相Imadeupmindtofindoutthetruth.

122.befitfor對……合適Sheistheverypersonwhoisfitfortheposition.

123.fixup給某人提供住宿；安排I'llfixyouupforthenight.Don'tworryaboutthat.Mysecretaryhasfixedupameetingwithyou.Pleasefixyourdrawersup.

124.befondof喜歡……Iwasveryfondofteaching,soIdecidedtoworkinahighschoolasateacher.125.setfree解放OneofthegreatcontributionsLincolnhadmadewassettingtheslavesfree.126.makefriendswith與……交朋友

Shewasverypopular,andshehadmadelotsoffriendsaftershemovedtothenewschool.127.befullof充滿……Thehallwasfullofcrowdsofpeople.

128.makefunof開……的玩笑Nevermakefunofthedisabledpeople.

129.getalongwith與……相處Sheisgettingalongwithherstudiesandnewfriendswell.130.getaway逃走Twooftheprisonersgotaway.

131.getback回來Youcanarrangeyoutimeyourselfafterschoolaslongasyougetbackbefore10p.m.

132.getcloseto接近Inordertobeafamousactor,hetriedtogetclosetothosemoviestars.133.getdown下車Remembertogetdownafterthreestops.

134.getdownto集中精力做……Ishouldgetdowntomyworkafterthelongholiday.135.getin（表示火車）進站；收割Thtraingotinfiveminutesearly.FarmersgetinharvestinSeptember.136.getintouchwith與……取得聯系I'velostmyphonebook,soIcan'tgetintouchwithmyoldfriends.137.getintothehabitof形成某種習慣Aftercominghere,I'vegotintothehabitofgettingupearlyinthemorning.138.getmarried結婚Hehasgotmarriedandhasthetwins.

139.getoffWegotoffimmediatelyafterbreakfast.Shegotoffthescarfaftergettingin.

140.getridof擺脫，除掉Weshouldgetridofbadhabits.

141.getthough接通；通過（考試）；Irangyouseveraltimesyesterdaybutcouldn'tgetthrough.

Tomfailedbuthissistergotthrough.142.gettogether聚會Wegot