第1頁/共29頁廣東省五校（華附，省實(shí)，深中，廣雅，六中）2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，共12頁，滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.開考前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的校名、姓名、班級、考號等相關(guān)信息填寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案;不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。第一部分選擇題(共90分)一、聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分15分)第一節(jié)聽力理解(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)請聽下面4段材料，每段材料后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第一段材料，回答第1至第2題。1.Whatdidthewomanbuyasherhusband’sbirthdaypresent?A.Ahat.B.Atie.C.Ashirt.2.Whydidtheassistantrefusetohelpthewoman?A.Becausethetiewasnottheonehehadsold.B.Becausethewomandidn’tshowhimthereceipt.C.Becausethethingshewantedtochangehadbeenworn.聽第二段材料，回答第3至第4題。3.WhendidTonylearnplayingthesaxophone?A.Whenhewasinprimaryschool.B.Whenhewasinhighschool.C.Whenhewasincollege.4.WhydidHenrygiveuplearningthepiano?A.Itwascostly.B.Itwasdull.C.Itwastime-consuming.聽第三段材料，回答第5至第7題。5.WhendidKarinafallinlovewithcooking?A.Whenshehelpedherparentspreparefood.B.Aftersheworkedatarestaurantfortwoweeks.C.Afterthecookingcompetition.6.Whatwastheresultofthecookingcompetition?A.Shewonabigaward.B.Shegotafull-timejobfromatopchef.C.Hercookingskillswererecognizedbythejudges.7.Whydoesn’tKarinaeatoutinherfreetime?A.Shepreferseatingathomewithparents.B.Shehasfewdaysoffwork.C.It’sexpensivetoeatout.第2頁/共29頁聽第四段材料，回答第8至第10題。8.Whatdidthespeakerdoabouthisheadacheyesterday?A.Heaskedhisneighbortocomeover.B.Hetooksomemedicine.C.Hedidnothingaboutit.9.Howdidthespeaker’sneighborhelphim?A.Hegavethespeakersomepainkillers.B.Hesentforanearbydoctorimmediately.C.Hegavethespeakeraspecialtreatment.10.Whatdoesthespeakermeanintheend?A.Hisheadachewasalreadycured.B.Thepainalmostkilledhim.C.Thepainhadgonebyitself.第二節(jié)獲取信息(共5小題，每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面1段獨(dú)白。請根據(jù)題目要求，從所聽到的內(nèi)容中獲取必要的信息，每空不超過三個(gè)詞。錄音播放兩遍。全科試題免費(fèi)下載公眾號《高中僧課堂》(請將本節(jié)答案寫在答卷11-15的空格中)ErnestHemingwayTimeWorksPersonalexperiencesIn1923HisfirstcollectionofshortstoriesMostofthestories________hischildhood.In________TheSunAlsoRisesHewroteaboutthe________andangrywritersandartistsheknewinParis.In1929AFarewelltoArmsThenovelwasbasedonhisexperiencesduringWorldWarI.AfterWorldWarIIAcrosstheRiverandIntotheTreesHeworkedasa________inEuropeduringthewar.In1952TheOldManandtheSeaHeusedtogofishingwhenyoungandinhislateryears,________remainedhisfavouritehobby.二、單項(xiàng)選擇(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)1.Theformcannotbesignedbyanyone________yourself.A.ratherthan B.otherthan C.morethan D.lessthan【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這份表格除了你自己，任何人都不能簽字。A.ratherthan而不是；B.otherthan除了；C.morethan多于；D.lessthan少于。根據(jù)句意分析可知，“表格不能由別人代簽，除了你自己”，故選B。2.YourpresentationisveryattractiveandIdothinkyourideaiswell________.第3頁/共29頁A.worthconsidering B.worthyconsideringC.worthwhileofbeingconsidered D.worthbeingconsidered【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：你的報(bào)告很吸引人，我確實(shí)認(rèn)為你的想法很值得考慮。beworth后接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，構(gòu)成beworthdoing“值得做某事”結(jié)構(gòu)。beworthyof后接動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式或不定式的被動(dòng)式，構(gòu)成beworthyofbeingdone或beworthyoftobedone結(jié)構(gòu)。beworthwhileofbeingdone無此結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A項(xiàng)。3.Irealizedthathe’saneasygoingperson________Imethim.A.forthefirsttime B.bythefirsttimeC.thefirsttime D.firsttime【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：我第一次見到他就意識到他是個(gè)隨和的人。A.forthefirsttime首次，第一次，在句中一般單獨(dú)作狀語；B.bythefirsttime直到第一次之前；C.thefirsttime第一次……的時(shí)候，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；D.firsttime首次，在句子中一般不能單用，通常和定冠詞the或物主代詞my等詞匯一起使用。根據(jù)句意及空后Imethim可知，此處應(yīng)用thefirsttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，bythefirsttime也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，但是不符合語境。故選C。

4.Consideringhisstate,Bob’sdoctorsuggests________forafewweeks.A.himtorest B.herestingC.herest D.hemustrest【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：考慮到鮑勃的情況，醫(yī)生建議他休息幾個(gè)星期。表示請求、要求、命令或建議等意義的動(dòng)詞所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should)+原形動(dòng)詞，should可省略。句中“______forafewweeks.”是suggest后省略連詞that的賓語從句，用虛擬語氣：(should)+原形動(dòng)詞，C項(xiàng)中省略了should。故選C項(xiàng)。5.Accordingtotherecord,hissisterlefthomein2020,and________since.A.hadnotbeenheardof B.hasnotbeenheardofC.hadnotheardof D.hasnotheardof第4頁/共29頁【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查謂語時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：他的妹妹在1998年離家，至今杳無音訊。and前用過去式表示她1998年離家這一事實(shí)，結(jié)合狀語since和語境可知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果，而且hissister和hearof是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。6.________thatitwasalreadythefourthtimethathe_________abroad.A.Soluckywashe;traveled B.Soluckyhewas;traveledC.Soluckywashe;hadtraveled D.Soluckyhewas;hadtraveled【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查倒裝句式和固定句式。句意：他很幸運(yùn)，這已經(jīng)是他第四次出國旅行了。在so...that…結(jié)構(gòu)中，若將so+adj./adv.置于句首，則其后的主句要用部分倒裝，因此第一空填Soluckywashe；Itis（was）thefirsttimethat…這一固定句型中，若主句是謂語是is，則從句謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，若主句謂語是was，則從句謂語用過去完成時(shí)；因此第二空填hadtraveled。故選C項(xiàng)。7.Thedaytheyhadbeenlookingforwardto________atlastandtheywereextremelydelighted.A.came B.come C.coming D.tocome【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他們一直期待的那一天終于到來了，他們非常高興。and前后連接兩個(gè)句子，theyhadbeenlookingforwardto是省略關(guān)系代詞的定語從句，修飾先行詞Theday，theday是and前面的句子的主語，設(shè)空處是謂語動(dòng)詞，由theywereextremelydelighted.可知，句子描述的是過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選A。

8.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor________“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.reading B.reads C.toread D.read【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)我回到家的時(shí)候，我看到門上釘著一張紙條，上面寫著“對不起，錯(cuò)過了你，回頭再打電話。”分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知read在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語message構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故選A。9.________theinvitationscausedthepartytobeputoff.第5頁/共29頁A.Tomdelayedsending B.TomdelayedtosendC.Tom’sdelayingtosend D.Tom’sdelayingsending【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：湯姆推遲發(fā)出請柬，導(dǎo)致晚會(huì)推遲了。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，doing前加名詞所有格表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，作其邏輯主語；表示推遲做某事，用delaydoingsth.（即delay后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語）。故填Tom’sdelayingsending。故選D項(xiàng)。10.Myfriendwasveryunhappyfor________totheconcert.A.nothavingbeeninvited B.havingnotbeeninvitedC.nottobeinvited D.nothavinginvited【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：我的朋友因?yàn)闆]有被邀請參加音樂會(huì)而感到不高興。設(shè)空處接在介詞for后，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，該動(dòng)作發(fā)生謂語之前，應(yīng)用完成式，并且和它的邏輯主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用完成式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，并且對動(dòng)名詞進(jìn)行否定，在動(dòng)名詞前加not，故選A。11.Findinghercarstolen,________.A.itwaslookedforeverywhereB.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpC.theareawassearchedthoroughlyD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：發(fā)現(xiàn)她的車被偷了，她急忙去找警察求助。分析句子可知，空前是現(xiàn)在分詞，因此find和句子的邏輯主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)中she和find之間構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系（主動(dòng)關(guān)系），且符合語境；B項(xiàng)apoliceman雖然可以和find構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，但是不符合邏輯，與題意不符。故選D項(xiàng)。12.Lookout！Don’tgettooclosetothehouseroofisunderrepair.A.whose B.whichC.ofwhich D.that【答案】A【解析】第6頁/共29頁【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)心!不要太靠近那座屋頂正在修理的房子。先行詞thehouse在定語從句中作名詞roof的定語。句中theroofofwhich=whoseroof它的屋頂。故選A。13.Nosooner________histalk________hewassurroundedbyhisfans.A.hadhefinished;when B.hadhefinished;thanC.didhefinish;when D.didhefinish;than【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查固定句型。句意：他剛講完話就被粉絲包圍了。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“一……就……”，表達(dá)為nosooner...than...，nosooner后的主句用過去完成時(shí)haddone，同時(shí)要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，故選B。14.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof______sharesherinterests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.nomatterwho【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句：句意：Sarah希望成為能分享她興趣的人的朋友。(whoever)sharesherinterests是賓語從句，作介詞of的賓語。whoever在從句中作的是主語。nomatter加疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，排除D項(xiàng)，而此處關(guān)聯(lián)詞在引導(dǎo)的從句中作主語，所以不選B，故選C項(xiàng)。15.Theyspentacoupleofdaysandnightsonthefarmof________wouldbeconsideredaverypoorfamily.A.which B.that C.who D.what【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：他們在一個(gè)被認(rèn)為是極度貧困家庭的農(nóng)場里住了幾天幾夜。分析句子可知，“______wouldbeconsideredaverypoorfamily”是介詞of后賓語從句，從句引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，指物，應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)詞該賓語從句。故選D項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACornellPrecollegeSummerPrograms2022:UpdatesAtthistime,CornellUniversityPrecollegeStudiesmakesaplantoofferonlineandin-person,on-campuscoursesforhighschoolstudentsduringsummer2022.Courseswillbeheldduringthefollowingsessions:Three-weekSession1(June1—June17,2022):Onlinecoursesonly第7頁/共29頁Three-weekSession2(June21—July9,2022):Onlineandon-campuscoursesThree-weekSession3(July12—July30,2022):Onlineandon-campuscoursesSix-weekSession(June21—August3,2022):Onlineandon-campuscoursesForupdatesForthelatestupdates,joinouremaillistandvisitusonFacebook,Twitter,andInstagram.Inaddition,pleasevisittheCornellcoronaviruswebsiteregularlyforuniversityupdates,information,andresourcesforstudents.Precollegeon-campussummercoursesandCOVID-19Intheevent,ifwearenotabletoofferin-person,on-campuscoursesduetoCOVID-19restrictions,asmanycoursesaspossiblewillbeconverted(改變)toonlineofferingsandyou’llhavethefollowingoptions:1.Ifyouron-campuscourseisconvertedtoanonlinecourse,youmayautomaticallyregisterforitatareducedchargethatreflectsonlyacademic(percredit),notresidentialfees.2.Ifyouprefer,orifyouron-campuscourseisnotconvertedtoanonlineoffering,youmayselectacoursefromthelistofpreviouslyscheduledonlinecourses3.Youmaycontactustowithdrawandrequestafullrefund(退款),minustheapplicationfee.Whileweknowthereisnoreplacementforouron-campus,residentialexperience,thegoodnewsisthatallonlinecoursesareregularCornellclassesthatgiveyouachancetostudywithCornellfaculty(學(xué)院),workalongsideundergraduates,earncollegecredits,andgetaheadstartonpreparingforcollegeapplications.16.WhichsessioncanyouchooseifyouareonlyavailableinJune?A.Six-weekSession. B.Three-weekSession1.C.Three-weekSession2. D.Three-weekSession317.WhatcanyoudoifthecoursesyouchoosearechangedtoonlinecoursesbecauseofCOVID-19?A.Youcangetadiscountonresidentialfees. B.Youhavetoacceptitowingtorestrictions.C.Youcanquitthecourseswithoutanylosses. D.Youcanchooseothercoursesavailableon-line18.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouton-linecourses?A.On-linecoursescanoffermoreupdatedinformation.B.Youwillgeteffectiveguidanceoncollegeapplications.C.ItisagoodchanceforyoutolearnwithCormellstudents.D.On-linecourseswillmakeyouknowmoreaboutthecampus.【答案】16.B17.C18.C【解析】第8頁/共29頁【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了2022年更新的康奈爾大學(xué)預(yù)科暑期課程的一些基本信息。【16題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四行“Three-weekSession1(June1-June17,2022)：Onlinecoursesonly”（為期三周的課程1(2022年6月1日至6月17日):僅限在線課程）可知，如果只有6月份有時(shí)間，可以選擇為期三周的課程1。故選B。【17題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Ifyouprefer,orifyouron-campuscourseisnotconvertedtoanonlineoffering,youmayselectacoursefromthelistofpreviouslyscheduledonlinecourses.”（如果您愿意，或者您的校內(nèi)課程沒有轉(zhuǎn)換為在線課程，您可以從先前安排的在線課程列表中選擇一門課程。）可知，如果您選擇的課程因新冠疫情被轉(zhuǎn)換為在線課程，您可以選擇其他課程。故選C。【18題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whileweknowthereisnoreplacementforouron-campus,residentialexperience,thegoodnewsisthatallonlinecoursesareregularCornellclassesthatgiveyouachancetostudywithCornellfaculty(學(xué)院)，workalongsideundergraduates,earncollegecredits,andgetaheadstartonpreparingforcollegeapplications”（雖然我們知道沒有什么可以取代我們的校內(nèi)住宿體驗(yàn)，但好消息是，所有的在線課程都是Cornell大學(xué)的常規(guī)課程，讓你有機(jī)會(huì)與在Cornell大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，與本科生一起學(xué)習(xí)，獲得大學(xué)學(xué)分，并在準(zhǔn)備大學(xué)申請方面有優(yōu)勢。）可知，如果選擇在線課程，有機(jī)會(huì)和Cornell大學(xué)學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。BOnedaywhenIwas12，mymothergavemeanorder：Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary，andborrowatleastonebookforthesummerThiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.Inthelibrary，Ifoundmywayintothe“Children'sRoom”．Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle.thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer，butonemorning，hewasgone，givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.Thereonthebook'scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidentical(相同的)tomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle，Amos，theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly，Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook，Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.Undertheshadeofabush，IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery，veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly，Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho，likemine，hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thatdogwasmydog，andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory，mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion，onandon，untilmyownlostdogandI第9頁/共29頁were，inmymind，runningtogether.Mymother'scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething：Ihadreadabook，andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous(奇跡般的)”experiencethatsummer，butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater，shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks，wasawardedaPhDinliterature，andauthoredhisownbooks，articles，poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.19.Theauthor'smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto________．A.encouragehimtodomorewalkingB.lethimspendameaningfulsummerC.helpcurehimofhisreadingproblemD.makehimlearnmoreaboutweapons20.Whycouldtheauthormanagetoreadthebookthrough?A.Hewasforcedbyhismothertoreadit.B.Heidentifiedwiththestoryinthebook.C.Thebooktoldthestoryofhispetdog.D.Thehappyendingofthestoryattractedhim.21.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthorhasbecomeasuccessfulwriter.B.Theauthor'smotherreadthesamebook.C.Theauthor'smotherrewardedhimwithbooks.D.Theauthorhashadhappysummerseversince.22.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheCharmofaBookB.Mum'sStrictOrderC.ReunionwithMyBeagleD.MyPassionforReading【答案】19.C20.B21.A22.A【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文，題材為人物故事類。文章講了12第10頁/共29頁歲時(shí)，作者的媽媽為了解決作者不能閱讀的問題，要求作者那年夏天去圖書館至少借一本書。但就是這次圖書館之行改變了作者，之后作者讀書越來越多，成績越來越好，多年后取得了讓媽媽感到驕傲的成就。【19題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，作者的媽媽讓作者去圖書館至少借一本書，這是她解決作者閱讀問題的武器，故C項(xiàng)正確。【20題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，作者讀了這本書，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為書中講到的故事和自己的經(jīng)歷相似，他認(rèn)為書中的小獵兔狗就是他自己養(yǎng)過的那只小獵兔狗，想象著和它重逢的場面。由此可判斷出作者能把這本書看完，就是因?yàn)樗蜁械墓适庐a(chǎn)生了共鳴。故選B項(xiàng)。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“...wasawardedaPhDinliterature，andauthoredhisownbooks，articles，poetryandfiction.”可知，作者被授予文學(xué)博士學(xué)位，寫了很多自己的書、文章、詩歌以及小說，故A項(xiàng)“他成為了一名成功的作家”正確。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。通過作者的經(jīng)歷可以得知，一本封面上有小獵兔狗的書改變了他的一生，故A項(xiàng)“一本書的魅力”符合文章大意。故選A項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題之一一對應(yīng)。答此類試題時(shí)，細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案。不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而應(yīng)采取“帶著問題找答案”的方法，先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關(guān)的：段落、語句，仔細(xì)品味，對照比較，確定答案。例如小題1：根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，作者的媽媽讓作者去圖書館至少借一本書，這是她解決作者閱讀問題的武器，故C項(xiàng)正確。CIt’scommonknowledgethatthewomaninLeonardodaVinci’smostfamouspaintingseemstolookbackatobservers,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.Butthiscommonknowledgeturnsoutwrong.Anewstudyfindsthatthewomaninthepaintingisactuallylookingoutatananglethat’s15.4degreesofftotheobserver’sright-welloutsideoftherangethatpeoplenormallybelievewhentheythinksomeoneislooking第11頁/共29頁rightatthem.Inotherwords,saidthestudyauthor,Horstmann,“She’snotlookingatyou.“Thisissomewhatironic,becausetheentirephenomenonofaperson’sgaze(凝視)inaphotographorpaintingseemingtofollowthevieweriscalledthe“MonaLisaeffect”.Thateffectisabsolutelyreal,Horstmannsaid.Ifapersonisillustratedorphotographedlookingstraightahead,evenpeopleviewingtheportraitfromananglewillfeeltheyarebeinglookedat.Aslongastheangleoftheperson’sgazeisnomorethanabout5degreesofftoeitherside,theMonaLisaeffectoccurs.Thisisimportantforhumaninteractionwithon-screencharacters.Ifyouwantsomeoneofftotherightsideofaroomtofeelthatapersonon-screenislookingathimorher,youdon’tcutthegazeofthecharactertothatside-surprisingly,doingsowouldmakeanobserverfeellikethecharacterisn’tlookingatanyoneintheroomatall.Instead,youkeepthegazestraightahead.Horstmannandhisco-authorwerestudyingthiseffectforitsapplicationinthecreationofartificial-intelligenceavatars(虛擬頭像)whenHorstmanntookalonglookatthe“MonaLisa”andrealizedshewasn’tlookingathim.Tomakesureitwasn’tjusthim,theresearchersasked24peopletoviewimagesofthe“MonaLisa”onacomputerscreen.Theysetarulerbetweentheviewerandthescreenandaskedtheparticipantstonotewhichnumberontherulerintersected(和……相交)MonaLisa’sgaze.TocalculatetheangleofMonaLisa’sgazeasshelookedattheviewer,theymovedtherulerfartherfromorclosertothescreenduringthestudy.Consistently,theresearchersfound,participantsjudgedthatthewomaninthe“MonaLisa”portraitwasnotlookingstraightatthem,butslightlyofftotheirright.Sowhydopeoplerepeatthebeliefthathereyesseemtofollowtheviewer?Horstmannisn’tsure.It’spossible,hesaid,thatpeoplehavethedesiretobelookedat,sotheythinkthewomanislookingstraightatthem.Ormaybethepeoplewhofirstcoinedtheterm“MonaLisaeffect”justthoughtitwasacoolname.23.Itisgenerallybelievedthatthewomaninthepainting“MonaLisa”___________.A.attractstheviewerstolookbackB.seemsmysteriousbecauseofhereyesC.fixeshereyesonthebackoftheviewersD.looksattheviewerswherevertheystand24.WhatgazerangeinapaintingwillcausetheMonaLisaeffect?第12頁/共29頁A. B. C. D.25.Theexperimentinvolving24peoplewasconductedto______.A.confirmHorstmann’sbeliefB.createartificial-intelligenceavatarsC.calculatetheangleofMonaLisa’sgazeD.explainhowtheMonaLisaeffectcanbeapplied26.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Horstmannthinksit’scooltocointheterm“MonaLisaeffect”.B.TheMonaLisaeffectcontributestothecreationofartificialintelligence.C.FeelingbeinggazedatbyMonaLisamaybecausedbythedesireforattention.D.Thepositionoftherulerintheexperimentwillinfluencetheviewers’judgement.【答案】23.D24.B25.A26.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了人們通常認(rèn)為《蒙娜麗莎》畫像中的女性無論站在房間的哪個(gè)角落，似乎蒙娜麗莎總像是在注視著畫外人，但事實(shí)證明，這種常識是錯(cuò)誤的。為什么人們總是認(rèn)為她的眼睛會(huì)跟著觀眾走呢？Horstmann并不確定。有可能是人們有被注視的欲望，所以他們認(rèn)為蒙娜麗莎在注視他們，這就是“蒙娜麗莎效應(yīng)”。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中It’scommonknowledgethatthewomaninLeonardodaVinci’smostfamouspaintingseemstolookbackatobservers,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.眾所周知，列奧納多?達(dá)?芬奇(LeonardodaVinci)最著名的畫作中的女人，無論站在房間的哪個(gè)角落，似乎娜麗莎總像是在注視著畫外人，用她的眼睛跟隨他們。可知，人們普遍認(rèn)為，無論站在哪里，畫作《蒙娜麗莎》中的女人都會(huì)看著畫外人。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Aslongastheangleoftheperson’sgazeisnomorethanabout5degreesofftoeitherside,theMonaLisaeffectoccurs.第13頁/共29頁只要人的視線與兩邊的夾角不超過5度，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)蒙娜麗莎效應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中Tomakesureitwasn’tjusthim,theresearchersasked24peopletoviewimagesofthe“MonaLisa”onacomputerscreen.為了確保不僅僅是他，研究人員讓24個(gè)人在電腦屏幕上觀看“蒙娜麗莎”的圖像。可知，為了證實(shí)霍斯曼的看法，對24個(gè)人進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題題。根據(jù)最后一段中It’spossible,hesaid,thatpeoplehavethedesiretobelookedat,sotheythinkthewomanislookingstraightatthem.他說，人們有被注視的欲望是可能的，所以他們認(rèn)為女人在注視他們。可知，蒙娜麗莎被注視的感覺可能是由于對注意力的渴望引起的。故選C項(xiàng)。DOnerainyevening,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That’swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.Ceely’snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonherGPS.Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.“Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,”shesaid.Whoistoblamehere?RickStevenson,whotellsCeely’sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit’snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit’snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.Amap-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignalingsystem.OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.ButStevensondoesn’tsay.It’saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.Inasectiononcars,Stevensongivesanaccountoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer-basedlockingsystemsforcars.Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.Hesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliable.Perhaps,butmaybeit’salsoduetotheshortageofpolicemenonthestreets.Orchangingsocialcircumstances.Orsomecombinationofthesefactors.第14頁/共29頁Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.Ifthereissuchaway,itshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.Afterall,wehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjustaslong.27.Thephrase“nearmiss”(Paragraph2)canbestbereplacedby________.A.closehit B.heavyloss C.bigmistake D.narrowescape28.WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewith?A.Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan’tlivewithout.B.GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely’saccident.C.Digitaldevicesaremorereliablethantheyusedtobe.D.Digitaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectation.29.Inthewriter’sopinion,Stevenson’sargumentis________.A.one-sided B.reasonable C.puzzling D.well-founded30.Whatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticle?A.Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse.B.Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems.C.Therelationshipbetweenhumanandtechnology.D.Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts.【答案】27.D28.D29.A30.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。書籍《當(dāng)機(jī)器讓我們失望時(shí)》的作者里克·史蒂文森在書中講述了保拉·希利被導(dǎo)航誤導(dǎo)差點(diǎn)被火車撞到的故事，以此說明數(shù)字技術(shù)的局限性，但是本文作者認(rèn)為里克·史蒂文森的觀點(diǎn)是片面的，并沒有考慮到其它可能的因素。作者認(rèn)為人類和智能設(shè)備之間的游戲既有趣又復(fù)雜，可能有一種更明智地使用技術(shù)的方法。【27題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后三句“That’swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.(就在這時(shí)，她聽到了火車司機(jī)的汽笛。她的雷諾·克里奧停在鐵路對面。幾秒鐘后，她看著火車把她的車沿著鐵軌拖了近一公里。)”可知，這是一次死里逃生，所以nearmiss意為“死里逃生”。故選D。第15頁/共29頁【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.(他說，我們相信數(shù)字設(shè)備，但我們的數(shù)字助手往往不能勝任工作。)”和最后一句“Andit’snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.(不僅僅是GPS設(shè)備：史蒂文森帶我們參觀了涉及從手機(jī)到無線鍵盤的各種數(shù)字災(zāi)難。)”可知，里克·史蒂文森很可能同意“數(shù)字技術(shù)往往達(dá)不到我們的期望”的觀點(diǎn)。故選D。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit’snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.(他在書中的論點(diǎn)的問題在于，他為什么只關(guān)注數(shù)字技術(shù)，這一點(diǎn)并不清楚，而可能有其他一些原因。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為史蒂文森的論點(diǎn)是片面的。故選A。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒第二段“Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.(人類和智能設(shè)備之間游戲既有趣又復(fù)雜。它受到經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)和我們生活的文化的影響。在這些力量的組合中，可能有一種更明智地使用技術(shù)的方法。)”可知，本文作者真正關(guān)心的是人與技術(shù)的關(guān)系。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀補(bǔ)全。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。FinancialEducation-AwarenessDilemmaWhenitcomestofinancialeducation,themajorityoftoday'syouthwillregarditasanecessityforcertainspecificpeoplewhowanttomaketheircareerinthefinancialworld.___31___Actually,elementaryfinancialeducationisamustforall,asmoneytransactionisanessentialpartofourday-to-daylife.Supposeyouhave$100inasavingaccountthatpayssimpleinterestattherateof2%peryear.lfyouleavethemoneyintheaccount,howmuchwillyouhaveaccumulatedafter5years:morethan$102,exactly$102,orlessthan$102?Thetestmightlooksimple,butonlyhalfofthepeoplesurveyedgavethecorrectanswer.___32___Theexplanationgoesasfollows:Peoplewithlowlevelsoffinancialliteracysufferfromthatlackofknowledgeateverystageoftheirlives.Researchersonthissubjectsaypeoplewithahighdegreeoffinancialliteracyaremorelikelytoplanfortheirretirement.___33___Onthecontrary,peoplewhohavealowerdegreeoffinancialliteracytendtoborrowmore,accumulatelesswealth,andpaymoreinfeesrelatedfinancialproducts.Theyarelesslikelytoinvest,morelikelyto第16頁/共29頁experiencedifficultywithdebt,andlesslikelytoknowthetermsoftheirmortgagesandotherloans.Thus,thecostofthisfinancialignoranceisveryhigh.___34___Whatisthesolution?___35___Likereadingandmath,financialeducationmustbecomepartofthecorecurriculuminourschools.Likewise,parentsshouldengageinregular,constructiveconversationsaboutmoneymatters.Thiswillgivetheirkidsasolidfoundationforfinancialwell-being,whichwillkeepongivingreturnsthroughoutthecourseoftheirlives.A.Financialeducationmuststartearly.B.However,theymissanimportantpoint.C.Whydoeseachofushavetofaceafinancialchallenge?D.Whydoesfinancialliteracymattersomuchinoursociety'?E.Richpeoplearegenerallybettereducatedonfinancialmanagement.F.Besides,thesepeoplehavemorethandoublethewealthofpeoplewhodon’t.G.Forexample,theyfrequentlymakelatecreditcardpayments,overspendtheircreditlimit,etc.【答案】31.B32.D33.F34.G35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了金融教育意識的困境。今天的大多數(shù)年輕人都會(huì)把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界謀生的必要條件。實(shí)際上，基礎(chǔ)金融教育是所有人的必修課。【31題詳解】根據(jù)上文Whenitcomestofinancialeducation,themajorityoftoday'syouthwillregarditasanecessityforcertainspecificpeoplewhowanttomaketheircareerinthefinancialworld.可知，今天的大多數(shù)年輕人都會(huì)把它看作是某些特定的人在金融界謀生的必要條件；再根據(jù)下文Actually,elementaryfinancialeducationisamustforall,asmoneytransactionisanessentialpartofourday-to-daylife.可知，實(shí)際上，基礎(chǔ)金融教育是所有人的必修課。故B項(xiàng)（然而，他們忽略了一個(gè)重要的問題）串聯(lián)上下文，符合題意。故選B。【32題詳解】根據(jù)下文Theexplanationgoesasfollows可知，此句是對一個(gè)問題的解釋；再分析本段可知，本