【文庫(kù)獨(dú)家】人教新目標(biāo)九年級(jí)Unit9語(yǔ)法透視關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.在復(fù)合句中，修飾主句中某一名詞、名詞短語(yǔ)或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。其中被修飾的名詞、名詞短語(yǔ)或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。Iamlookingforalittleboywhoisinayellowcap.我在找一個(gè)戴黃帽的小男孩。（boy是先行詞；who是關(guān)系詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。）2.關(guān)系詞在從句中做成分：相當(dāng)于代詞用的叫關(guān)系代詞，相當(dāng)于副詞用的叫關(guān)系副詞。這是鄧小平曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的房子。ThisisthehousewhichDengXiaopingoncelivedin.(which作livedin的賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)代詞用，叫關(guān)系代詞)ThisisthehousewhereDengXiaopingoncelived.(where作lived的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)副詞，叫關(guān)系副詞)[提醒]which和where在此雖然都指thehouse，但因在從句中作的成分不同而用法有異。3.先行詞表“人”時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常用who（也可用that），whom（或that），whose；先行詞為“物”時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可用which或that；并列的先行詞又表“人”或又表“物”時(shí)，只能用that。在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)關(guān)系代詞可省略。Findthegirlwhoiswearingagreencoat.請(qǐng)找到那個(gè)穿綠色上衣的女孩。（先行詞為人）Thegreencoat(which/that)thegirliswearingismadeofcotton.那個(gè)女孩穿的那件綠上衣是棉制的。（先行詞為物）Istillrememberthegirlandhergreencoat(that)wesawyesterday.我還記著我們昨天見(jiàn)到的那個(gè)女孩和她的那件綠色上衣。Istillrememberthegirl(whom/that)wesawyesterday.我還記著我們昨天見(jiàn)過(guò)的那個(gè)女孩。YesterdayIsawagirlwhosecoatwasgreen.昨天我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)穿著綠色上衣的女孩。4.下列情況只用that不用which：①先行詞被最高級(jí)修飾；②先行詞被序數(shù)詞或thelast，theonly，thevery修飾；③先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)（如：all，one，much，nothing等）。Thisisthebestfilm(that)I’veeverseen.這是我看過(guò)的最好的一部電影。Thisistheonlyfilm(that)I’veeverseen.這是我看過(guò)的唯一的一部電影。Isthereanythingthatisinteresting?有什么有趣的事嗎？5.從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與先行詞一致。Ilikethebookwhich/thatisonthedesk.我喜歡桌上的那本書(shū)。Ilikethebookswhich/thatareonthedesk.我喜歡桌上的那些書(shū)。典例題解〖例1〗Thegirl____wonthematchnotsolongagoiscalledGuoYue,afamousChinesetabletennisplayer.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom〖解析〗A。所需填空部分為引導(dǎo)詞，并且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，又先行詞為人，故要選表人的關(guān)系代詞who。whom只能在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。〖例2〗Iprefernottoeattoomuchfood____isfried,likeFrenchfries.A.thatB.whatC.itD.不填〖解析〗A。所需填空部分為引導(dǎo)詞，并且在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，又先行詞為事物，關(guān)系代詞可用that或which。根據(jù)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)應(yīng)選B。thatisfried,likeFrenchfries是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾food。〖例3〗ThepandaisakindofanimalcanbefoundonlyinChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.where〖解析〗C。當(dāng)先行詞為事物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞要用that和which，所以四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C對(duì)。〖例4〗I’mafootballfan.I’minterestedineverythingisaboutthe2010WorldCup.A.who B.that C.whereD.which〖解析〗B。當(dāng)先行詞為everything時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。故選B項(xiàng)。〖例5〗IthinkMrsSmithistherightperson____youshouldwrite.A.whoB.towhoC.whomD.towhom〖解析〗D。關(guān)系代詞whom在定語(yǔ)從句作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，介詞可放在whom前，但whom不能換用who。此句也可寫(xiě)成IthinkMrsSmithistherightpersonwhoyoushouldwriteto.。語(yǔ)法精練I.選擇填空。1.Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.不填B.whyC.whenD.what2.YaoMingisafamousbasketballstarisplayingintheNBA.A.whoseB.whoC.whatD.which3.Heisoneoftheexperiencedengineersinthisfactoryhardworkwasrepaidwiththedevelopmentofthefactory.A.whereB.whoseC.inwhichD.that4.—Isthegirl______isinterviewingthemanagerofthatcompanyyourfriend?—Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose5.Doyouknowtheman___issittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whomII.在下列句子空白處填上恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞（who/whom,that,which,whose）。1.Isthereanything___youareinterestedin?2.Theboy___losthisbikeisverysad.3.Thechild____motherhaslefthimiscryingloudly.4.Thehotel___westayedinlasttimewasmuchworsethanthisone.5.Youcangivethebooktoanyone___youwillseeintheoffice.6.Thebooks___hadpicturesinthemweremysister’s.7.Iwillneverforgettheteacher___taughtuschemistryatmiddlenight.8.Iwanttoseethefilm___Isjustonshow.9.Iwilltellyoueverything___Iknowaboutit.10.I’llneverforgettheday___Ispentinthemountainvillage.III.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞將下列每組句子合并成含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。1.Thepolicemancaughtthegirl.Shestolethebikefromthesupermarket.2.Haveyoufinishedreadingthemagazine?Annlentittoyouthedaybeforeyesterday.3.Weliveinacountry.Ithasalonghistory.4.Whatdoyouthinkoftheboy?Yoursistergetsalongwellwithhim.5.Don’tspeaktotheman.Heiswearingablackjacket.I.1-5ABBCCII.1.that2.who/that3.whose4.which/that5.who/that6.that/which7.that/who8.that/which9.that10.that/whichIII.1.Thepolicemancaughtthegirlwho/thatstolethebikefromthesupermarket.2.Haveyoufinishedreadingthemagazine(that/which)Annlentyouthedaybeforeyesterday?3.Weliveinacountrythat/wh