PAGE4-賓語補足語講解一、定義賓語補足語通常緊跟在賓語之后，對賓語進行補充說明。二、句子結構是主+謂+賓+賓補三、兩種結構1.主表型：1)makeourcountrybeautiful(adjective)2)callhimLaoLi(noun)3)findsb.out(adv.)4)findsb.athome(Prep.phrase)2.主謂型：1)asksb.todosth.（有to不定式）2)havesb.dosth.（無to不定式）3)seesb.doingsth.（現在分詞）4)havesth.done.（過去分詞）四、什么動詞后可有賓語補足語1.在表示心理狀態的動詞后作賓語補足語。這類動詞有：consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等。這類動詞后的不定式通常是"tobe+形容詞或名詞"結構，think,consider,find后的tobe常可省略。如：Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher.我們認為他是一個好老師。Heprovedthattheory(tobe)veryimportant.他證明那個理論是很重要的。Ithoughther(tobe)niceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.我第一次見到她的時候就認為她人很好，很誠實。2.在表示情感狀態的動詞后作賓語補足語。這類動詞有：love,like,prefer,hate,want,wish,expect等。如：I'dpreferyoutoleavehimalone.我希望你不要打擾他。Idon'twanttheretobeanytrouble.我不想有任何麻煩。3.注意：hope,demand,suggest等動詞后面不能接不定式作賓語補足語。如：Ihopeyoucangivemeahand.我希望你能幫我一把。Iwishyoutogivemeahand.我希望你能幫我一把。Herequiredustobepresentatthemeeting.他要求我們出席會議。MrLisuggestedthatsheshouldnotgotherealone.李先生建議她不要獨自去那里。五、可作賓語補足語的形式有不定式，現在分詞，過去分詞，名詞，形容，副詞，介詞短語都能作補語。六、具體說明（一）副詞作賓語補足語如：Ifoundhiminyesterday.（二）常接形容詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：keep,make,find等。如：Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.（三）常接名詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：call,name,make,think等。如：Wecallthemmooncakes.（四）常接動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see,watch,hear,find,keep等。如：Inthecountry,wecanhearbirdssinging.（五）常接介詞短語作賓語補足語的動詞有：keep,find,leave等。如：Ileftmypenonmydeskathome.（六）不定式作賓語補足語1.常接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：ask,tell,want,teach,wish,advise,allow,ask,beg,command,tell,invite,force,oblige,get,help,encourage,persuade,permit,remind,request,order,warn,cause等；如：Sheoftenasksmetohelpher.Wedon'tallowsuchthingstohappenagain.Mostoftheparentsagreetoforbidtheirchildrentosmoke.Sheaskedmetoanswerthephoneinherabsence.Pleaseremindmetoleaveherthisnote.Sherequestedhimtogowithher.2.接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see,watch,hear,make,let等。如：Ioftenseehimplayfootball.3.用不定式作賓語補足語的幾種說明：①help后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式可以帶to也可以不帶to。如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework.②一些動詞跟不定式作賓語補足語時省去了to，這些動詞有：一感二聽三讓四觀看。一感：feel；二聽：hear,listento；三讓：let,have,make；四觀看：observe,see,watch,lookat。③在使役動詞后作賓語補足語，不定式不帶to。這類動詞還有：make,let,have等。轉為被動語態時，其后通常都用帶to的不定式(have沒有被動語態)。如：Whatwouldyouhavemedo?你要我做什么？Shemadehimgiveupsmoking.她讓他戒了煙。Lethimdowhateverhewishestodo.他想干什么就讓他干吧。Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhislittlesister.雖然經常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他卻被小妹妹弄哭了。4.掌握“使役動詞have+賓語＋過去分詞”的幾種含義在“have＋賓語＋過去分詞”結構中，過去分詞作賓語補足語，have也可用get。這一結構具有以下幾種含義：①意為“主語請別人做某事”。例如：如：Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.他明天想去檢查眼睛。（“檢查”的動作由醫生來進行）②意為“主語遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不測的事情”。例如：如：Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.當心，否則會弄傷手的。③意為“使完成某事”，事情既可以是別人做完，也可以由主語參與完成。如：Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.他今早把墻漆了。（主語自己可能參與）④動詞不定式也可作一些短語動詞的賓語補足語。如：I'mwaitingforJamestoarrive.我正等著詹姆斯的到來。He'sarrangedforacartopickthemupatthestation.他已安排了一輛汽車去車站接他們。TheUNhascalledonbothsidestoobservetheceasefire.聯合國號召交戰雙方遵守停火協定。A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockedD.toleave;unlocking31.Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem___soquickly.A.settledB.settlingC.besettledD.havingbeensettled32.Icouldfeelthewind___onmyfacefromanopenwindow.A.toblowB.blowingC.tobeblowingD.blown33.____productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through34.____everything____,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.A.As,buyingB.For,tobuyC.With,boughtD.Because,tobuy35.Don’tleavethewater____whileyoubrushyourteeth.(天津2004)A.run B.running C.beingrun D.torun36.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman___hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.put B.tobeputtingC.toput D.putting37.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_______.(重慶2004)A.worried B.toworryC.worrying D.worry38.Theteacheraskedus_____somuchnoise.(北京2003)A.don’tmake B.notmakeC.notmaking D.nottomake39.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenordered____clearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.(上海2003)A.toissue B.beingissuedC.tohaveissued D.tobeissued40.－Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?－I'dliketohavethispackage__,Madame.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed41.Fatherwillnot__ustousehisrecorders.A.haveB.letC.agreeD.allow42.Johnwasmade__thetruckforaweekaspunishment.

A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing43.Themissingboyswerelastseen__neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay44.Pauldoesn'thavetobemade__.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning45.Seeingthesun__abovethesurfaceofthesea,weletoutashoutofjoy.A.toriseB.toraiseC.risingD.raising46.Iwasdisappointedtofindhissuggestions__.AbeenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown47.Thepatientwaswarned____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeattoB.eatingnotC.nottoeatDnoteating48.Thespeakerraisedhervoicebutstillcouldn’tmakeherself_______.A.hearB.hearingC.tohearD.heard49.IfyougotoXi’an,you’llfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly_________.A.supposingB.tosupposeC.supposedD.suppose50.It’ssocoldtoday,wemustkeepthefire________.A.toburnB.burningC.burnD.burnt51.Themotherwasasked________letherchildren________TVeveryevening;A.notto;watchB.notto;towatchC.not;watchD.not;watching52.Theydidn’tobserveher_______inandgoupstairs.A.comeB.cameC.tocomeD.coming53.Howaboutthetwoofus____awalkdownthegarden?(MET9317)A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking54.Ihavehadmybike,andI’mgoingtohavesomebodymyradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing55._________theroom,thenursefoundthetaperecorder_________.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;goneC.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolen56.Couldyoushowmethemobilephoneyou’dlike______?A.tohaverepairedB.repairingitC.havingitrepairedD.torepairit57.IhaveoftenheardtheABCSong,butIhaveneverheardA