2023名校版高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精

讀含答案

Isittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsiblefo

humancognition(認(rèn)知)？Whataboutourbody?Isitpossiblefor

thoughtandbehaviortooriginatefromsomewhereotherthan

ourbrain?PsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)ask

similarquestions.TheE(theorysuggestsourbodyisalso

responsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,the

mindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequal

measure.

Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.When

yousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certain

emotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheir

sensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon'thave

emotionssomuchasneeds—theydon'tfeelsad,they'rejust

hungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheir

mothers1heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Inthereal

world,theycrywhenthey'recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,

theystarttoas-sociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.

Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsand

stilldis-agreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethat

operatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersand

mainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileEC

theorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetheras

anorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandforming

yourreactions.

Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.In

oneex-periment,testsubjects（實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象）wereaskedtojudge

peopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.

Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheir

fingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworks

theotherwaytoo;inanotherstudy,subjects'fingertip

temperaturesweremeasuredafterbeingincludedinor

MrejectedMfromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfelt

physicallywarmer.

Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors（比喻說(shuō):去）that

weusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticperson

isfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartand

someonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsis

oftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskind

ofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.

Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,

whynotuseit?Ifyou'rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawill

giveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou'rephysicallycold,

warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.

46.Accordingtotheauthor,thesignificanceoftheECtheorylies

in.

A.facilitatingourunderstandingoftheoriginofpsychology

B.revealingthemajorroleofthemindinhumancognition

C.offeringaclearerpictureoftheshapeofhumanbrain

D.bringingusclosertothetruthinhumancognition

47.Wheredoesthenewborns,understandingoftheir

surroundingsstartfrom?

A.Theirpersonallooks.

B.Theirmentalneeds.

C.Theirinneremotions.

D.Theirphysicalfeelings.

48.TheexperimentsmentionedinParagraph4furtherprove.

A.environmentimpactshowwejudgeothers

B.howbodytemperatureisrelatedtohealth

C.themindandthebodyinfluenceeachother

D.howhumansinteractwiththeirsurroundings

49.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthe

metaphorsinParagraph5?

A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.

B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking.

C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.

D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.

50.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?

A.Tosharewiththereaderwaystoreleasetheiremotions.

B.Toguidethereaderontothepathtocareersuccess.

C.ToencouragethereadertoputECintopractice.

D.Todeepenthereader'sunderstandingofEC.

DDCBC

RalphEmersononcesaidthatthepurposeoflifeisnottobe

happy,buttobeuseful,tobeloving,tomakesomedifferencein

heworld.Whileweappreciatesuchwordsofwisdom,werarely

trytofollowtheminourlives.

Mostpeopleprefertoliveagoodlife

themselves,ignoringtheirresponsibilitiesfortheworld.This

narrowperceptionofagoodlifemayprovideshort-term

benefits,butissuretoleadtolong-termharmandsuffering.A

goodlifebasedoncomfortandluxurymayeventuallyleadto

morepainbe-causewespoilourhealthandevenour

character,principles,ideals,andrelationships.

Whatthen,isthesecretofagoodlife?Agoodlifeisaprocess,

notastateofbeing:adirection,notadestination.Wehaveto

earnagoodhfebyfirstservingotherswithout

anyexpectationinreturnbecausetheirhappinessisthevery

sourceofourownhappiness.Moreimportantly,wemustknow

ourselvesinsideout.Onlywhenweexamineourselvesdeeply

canwediscoverourabilitiesandrecognizeourlimitations,and

thenworkaccordinglytocreateabetterworld.

Thefirstrequirementforagoodlifeishavingalovingheart.

Whenwedocertainrightthingsmerelyasaduty,wefindour

jobsotiresomethatwe'IIsoonburnout.However,whenwedo

thatsamejoboutoflove,wenotonlyenjoywhatwedo,butalso

doitwithaneffortlessfeeling.

However,lovealoneisinsufficienttoleadagoodlife.Love

sometimesblindsustothereality.Consequently,ourgood

intentionsmaynotleadtogoodresults.Toachievedesired

outcome,thosewhowanttodogoodtoothersalsoneed

toequipthemselveswithaccurateworldknowledge.False

knowledgeismoredangerousthanignorance.Ifloveisthe

engineofacarknowledgeisthesteeringwheel（方向盤(pán)）.Ifthe

enginelackspower,thcarcan'tmove;ifthedriverlosescontrol

ofthesteering,aroadaccidentprobablyoccurs.Onlywithlove

inheartandtherightknowledgeinmindcanweleadagoodlife.

Withloveandknowledge,wegoallouttocreateabetter

worldbydoinggoodtoothers.Whenweseetheimpactofour

goodworkontheworldwegivemeaningtoourlifeandearn

lastingjoyandhappiness.

51.Whateffectdoesthenarrowperceptionofagoodlifehave

onus?

A.Makingussimple-minded

B.Makingussnort-signted.

C.Leadingusontoabusyroad.

D.Keepingusfromcomfortandluxury.

52.Accordingtotheauthor,howcanonegaintruehappiness?

A.Throughmaintaininggoodhealth.

B.Bygoingthroughpainandsuffering.

C.Byrecognizingone'sabilitiesandlimitations.

D.Throughofferinghelpmuchnee