第二部分專題一第2講A(2023·湖南省邵陽(yáng)市高三二模)HeadingoutoftheScottishBordersandwestintoDumfries&Galloway,thereareplentyofsightsstilltoseeonthejourney．GREYMARE'sTAILAsoneoftheUK'shighestwaterfalls,GreyMare'sTailiswellworthastop．Parkupatthecarpark,andjustalongashortpath,youcanstandandadmirethistall,naturalfeatureasthewaterpoursdownthehangingvalley．Ontheothersidefromthefirstpathisasecondpath,followingthepath,andyou'llreachLochSkeen,abeautifulglassyswimmingpoolofmountainwateravailablefortravellers．MOFFATAfteryouwalkheadtonearbyMoffatforashortstrollaroundthetown,youcanhavesomethingtoeatinoneofthecafesorrestaurants．Ifyou'vegottimetospare,MoffatisEurope'sfirstDarkSkyTown,soassoonasthesunsets,yougetabetterviewofthenightskythankstothespecialstreetlighting．WANLOCKHEADTakeadrivefurtherwestintoDumfries&Gallowayandyou'llsoonreachthedizzyheightsofnotjustthesouthofScotland,butallofScotland!WanlockheadisScotland'shighestvillage,whichwon'tcomeasasurpriseonceyou'rethere．CRAWICKMULTIVERSEJustashortdrivefromthehighestvillageisagoodplacetostretchyourlegsandseeadifferentplaceonthearea'slocalindustry．CrawickMultiversehasusedlandscapearttotransformaformeropencastcoalmineintoa55-acreartland,visitorattractionandpublicspace．1．What'sspecialaboutGreyMare'sTail？A．Itswateristhepurest．B．YoucanswiminLochSkeen．C．Thereisafamousvalleythere．D．It'sthelargestwaterfallintheUS．2．WhichofthefollowingisthehighestaltitudeinScotland？A．Dumfries&Galloway．B．DarkSkyTown．C．Wanlockhead．D．CrawickMultiverse．3．Whichcolumnofthewebsitecanyoureadthistext？A．Culture． B．Advertisement．C．Education． D．Travel．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了蘇格蘭的四處特色景點(diǎn)。1．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GREYMARE'STAIL部分“Ontheothersidefromthefirstpathisasecondpath,followingthepath,andyou'llreachLochSkeen,abeautifulglassyswimmingpoolofmountainwateravailablefortravellers．(在第一條路的另一邊是第二條路，沿著這條路走，你會(huì)到達(dá)LochSkeen，一個(gè)美麗的玻璃般的山間游泳池，供旅行者使用。)”可知，GreyMare'sTail的特別之處在于你可以在LochSkeen游泳。故選B。2．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WANLOCKHEAD部分“WanlockheadisScotland'shighestvillage,whichwon'tcomeasasurpriseonceyou'rethere．(Wanlockhead是蘇格蘭海拔最高的村莊，一旦你到了那里就不會(huì)感到驚訝了。)”可知，Wanlockhead是蘇格蘭海拔最高的地方。故選C。3．D語(yǔ)篇出處題。根據(jù)第一段“HeadingoutoftheScottishBordersandwestintoDumfries&Galloway,thereareplentyofsightsstilltoseeonthejourney．(從蘇格蘭邊境出發(fā)，向西進(jìn)入Dumfries和Galloway，在旅途中還有很多景點(diǎn)要看。)”可知，本文主要介紹了蘇格蘭的四處特色景點(diǎn)，讀者可以在網(wǎng)站上旅游專欄讀到這篇文章。故選D。B(2023·四川省南充市高三一模)Inthepast60orsoyears,Americanparents'approachtonamingtheirkidshasundergoneaprofoundshift．Today,manyparentsseekoutlesspopularnamestohelptheirkidsstandout．Butinthepast,parentstypicallypickedcommonnames,consciouslyornot,sothattheirkidswouldfitin．“Wearedeepinaneraofnamingindividualitywhereparentsassumethathavinganamewhichsoundsdistinctiveanduniqueisavirtue，”LauraWattenberg,thefounderofthenaming-trendssiteNamerology,said,“howparentsarethinkingaboutnamingkidsismorelikehowcompaniesthinkaboutnamingproducts,whichisakindofcompetitivemarketplacewhereyouneedtobeabletogetattentiontosucceed．”Thereweresignsthatpeopleweretiredofnamesthatweretoopopular．ClevelandEvans,aprofessoremeritusofpsychologyatBellevueUniversityandanexpertonnames,saidthattherewasa1953songtitledJohn,John,John,whichincludedthelines“EveryTom,Dick,andHarry'scalledJohn．Can'twegivethislittleguyabreakandcallhimsomethingnew？”Thistunesignaledthecomingturntowardnoveltyanddistinctivenessthattookholdinthe1960s．Itwasdrivenbyanumberofbroadershiftsindailylife．Asfamilysizesshrunkandkidsstoppeddoinglabor,Americans“startedtofixateontheuniquenessofeachchild，”asthesociologistPhilipCohenhaswritten,and“individualityemergedasaproject—startingwithnaming—ofcreatinganidentity．”Anothercrucialchangeisthatinthe1960sparentsstartedgainingaccesstodataonbaby-namingtrends,accordingtoEvans．Booksinformedparentswhichnameswerepopular—and,byextension,whichoverexposednamestheymightwanttoavoidofthishasbroughtustoaneraofexceptionallyvariednames,which,inaway,representsitsownkindofconformity:tryingnottobelikeeveryoneelsemakesyoujustlikeeveryoneelse．4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“virtue”inParagraph2probablymean？A．Agoodquality．B．Amoralstandard．C．Anattractivehabit．D．Anobviousadvantage．5．WhyisthesongJohn,John,JohnmentionedinParagraph3？A．Toshowthatthesongwaswidelyspread．B．ToshowthatJohnwasachildeveryoneliked．C．ToshowthatthenameJohnwastoooverexposed．D．ToshowthatthenameJohnwassomethingquitenew．6．WhatcausedtheprofoundshiftofnamingkidsinAmerica？A．Thelargerfamilysizesandlesslaborforchildren．B．Parents'concernsaboutthenoveltyanddistinctiveness．C．Somebooksshowingwhichnamesareappropriateforchildren．D．Thechangesindailylifeandtheaccesstothenamingtrend．7．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheprofoundshiftofnamingkidsinAmerica？A．Doubtful． B．Optimistic．C．Ambiguous． D．Indifferent．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了在近六十年的時(shí)間里，美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)給孩子起名字逐漸從過(guò)去起大眾化的普通的名字，到現(xiàn)在傾向于個(gè)性化的名字的轉(zhuǎn)變。4．D詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Today,manyparentsseekoutlesspopularnamestohelptheirkidsstandout．(如今，許多父母為了讓孩子脫穎而出，會(huì)取一些不那么流行的名字。)”可知，今天，家長(zhǎng)們認(rèn)為給孩子起一個(gè)與眾不同的名字，會(huì)讓他脫穎而出，成為一個(gè)明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。結(jié)合畫線詞所在句“Wearedeepinaneraofnamingindividualitywhereparentsassumethathavinganamewhichsoundsdistinctiveanduniqueisavirtue(我們深深地陷入了一個(gè)命名個(gè)性化的時(shí)代，父母認(rèn)為擁有一個(gè)聽起來(lái)與眾不同的名字是一種virtue)”可知，聽起來(lái)與眾不同的名字應(yīng)該是一個(gè)明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選D。5．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thereweresignsthatpeopleweretiredofnamesthatweretoopopular．(有跡象表明，人們已經(jīng)厭倦了過(guò)于流行的名字。)”和“Can'twegivethislittleguyabreakandcallhimsomethingnew？(我們就不能讓這小家伙停一下，給他取個(gè)新名字嗎？)”可知，這首歌被提到是為了說(shuō)明John這個(gè)名字使用太頻繁了、曝光過(guò)度了。故選C。6．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Itwasdrivenbyanumberofbroadershiftsindailylife．(這是由日常生活中一些更廣泛的變化所推動(dòng)的。)”和最后一段“Anothercrucialchangeisthatinthe1960sparentsstartedgainingaccesstodataonbaby-namingtrends(另一個(gè)重要的變化是，在20世紀(jì)60年代，父母?jìng)冮_始獲得有關(guān)嬰兒取名趨勢(shì)的數(shù)據(jù))”可知，日常生活的變化和取名趨勢(shì)數(shù)據(jù)的獲得導(dǎo)致了美國(guó)孩子取名的極大的改變。故選D。7．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Booksinformedparentswhichnameswerepopular—and,byextension,whichoverexposednamestheymightwanttoavoidofthishasbroughtustoaneraofexceptionallyvariednames,which,inaway,representsitsownkindofconformity:tryingnottobelikeeveryoneelsemakesyoujustlikeeveryoneelse．(書本告訴父母哪些名字是受歡迎的，進(jìn)而告訴他們哪些名字曝光過(guò)多，他們可能要避免，這將我們帶入了一個(gè)名字異常多樣的時(shí)代，在某種程度上，這代表了一種從眾性：努力不要像其他人一樣，會(huì)讓你和其他人一樣。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為美國(guó)父母希望給孩子取一個(gè)與眾不同的名字，但實(shí)際上可能會(huì)適得其反，因而持懷疑態(tài)度。故選A。C(2023·河南省名校青桐鳴高考考前模擬)Therearemanyappsthatusemobilephonecamerasandotherdevicesthatmightsurpriseyou．SeekbyiNaturalistTouseit,simplytakeapictureorpointyourcameraataplant,insect,oranimal,andyou'llgetimportantinformationaboutit．Itincludesthetarget'sscientificname,commonname,seasonalnature,andadescriptionofitsappearance,amongotherinformation．FromSeedtoSpoonYoucanaddfruitsandvegetablesyou'dliketogrowonavirtual“GrowBox”fromalistofimages．Itwillthengiveseed-starting,removingandreplanting,andharvestingdatesforthoseplantsbasedonyourlocationusingsatellitedata．Thefreeversionoftheappalsoprovidesinformationoneachcrop'srequirementsfortemperature,sunlight,water,andfertilizer．PictureThisPictureThiswillidentifyyourplantandprovideinformationaboutitfromapictureonyourphone'scamera．Itwillshowhealthinformation,itsscientificname,whereitcanbefound,commonuses,harvestingtime,andhowtoproducenewplantsfromyourexistingplant．Italsowillshowsunlight,soil,water,andfertilizerrequirements．Youcanpay$29．99ayearforthepaidversion,whichprovidestreatmentinformationforsickplants．Thefreeversionwill,however,identifyadiseasefromapictureofasickplant．AppleVisualLookUpAppleVisualLookUpisanAIfeatureforiPhoneandiPad．Itwillidentifyplants,flowers,insects,birds,andotheranimalsshowninanyphoto．UsinganAppleproductrunningiOS16oriPadOS16,youcanusethefeaturebychoosingaphotoinyourphone,thentouchingthe“info”imagebelowit．Itistheletter“I”inacirclewithstarsaboveit．8．Whichappcanprovidetransplantingadvice？A．PictureThis．B．FromSeedtoSpoon．C．SeekbyiNaturalist．D．AppleVisualLookUp．9．WhatdoesthepaidversionofPictureThisofferusersaboutsickplants？A．Whytheygetsick．B．Whattheylooklike．C．Whethertoprotectthem．D．Howtotreatthem．10．Whomightfavorthetext？A．Gardeners． B．Photographers．C．Appdesigners． D．Phonedealers．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四款能提供專業(yè)的園藝規(guī)劃和種植建議的應(yīng)用軟件。8．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FromSeedtoSpoon中的“Itwillthengiveseed-starting,removingandreplanting,andharvestingdatesforthoseplantsbasedonyourlocationusingsatellitedata．Thefreeversionoftheappalsoprovidesinformationoneachcrop'srequirementsfortemperature,sunlight,water,andfertilizer．(然后，它將根據(jù)你使用衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)的位置，為這些植物提供種子開始、移除、重新種植和收獲日期。該應(yīng)用程序的免費(fèi)版本還提供了每種作物對(duì)溫度、陽(yáng)光、水和肥料的需求信息。)”可知，F(xiàn)romSeedtoSpoon可以提供移栽植物方面的建議。故選B。9．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PictureThis中的“Youcanpay$29．99ayearforthepaidversion,whichprovidestreatmentinformationforsickplants．(你可以每年支付29．99美元購(gòu)買付費(fèi)版本，該版本為生病的植物提供治療信息。)”可知，PictureThis的付費(fèi)版本可以給用戶提供生病植物的治療方案。故選D。10．A讀者對(duì)象題。根據(jù)第一段“Therearemanyappsthatusemobilephonecamerasandotherdevicesthatmightsurpriseyou．(有許多使用手機(jī)攝像頭和其他設(shè)備的應(yīng)用程序可能會(huì)讓你大吃一驚。)”及其對(duì)四個(gè)軟件的描述可知，這篇文章主要針對(duì)的是園藝愛好者。故選A。D(2023·福建省廈門市高三二模)TheMustardSeedProjectisgettingclosertooneofitsinitiatives—buildingaffordableseniorhousingontheKeyPeninsula,Washington．TheNonprofitcarriesouttheprojectsothatpeopledon'thavetoleavetheKeyPeninsulaastheyageandhavehomecareneeds．“WehopetobuildinKeyCenter,agoodcentrallocationforourcommunity．Ourvisionistohaveacampuswithacafeandmeetingspaces,10independentlivingcottagesthathaveoneortwobedroomswithlaundry,housekeepingandonemealadayprovided,andthenassistedlivingfor30residents，”saidboardpresidentSaraThompson．“Wewantthistobeaplacethatdrawstheentirecommunityin,ratherthanasettingthatsetseldersasideinanisolatedenvironment．”Morethanayearago,alongtimesupporteroftheorganizationmadeamajorgifttoundertakealong-desiredstudytounderstandboththeneedsofthecommunityandthefinancialfeasibility(可行性)forseniorhousing．Asaresult,TheMustardSeedProjecthadameetinginNovemberattheKeyPeninsulaCivicCentertoexplaintheresultsofthestudyandtoplanforthenextsteps．“We'llbeapplyingforapredevelopmentloantodoallthenecessaryplanning，”TheMustardSeedProjectExecutiveDirectorEdieMorgansaid．“We'reawareofaffordableloansfortheassistedlivingsectionoftheproject,andcangetstandardfinancingfortheotherbuildings．Buttherewillbeafundinggap,andweexpecttoneedtoraisenearly$3milliontomakethishappen．Ibelievewecandoit．”Theentireproject,oncetheprojectmanagerisidentified,isexpectedtotakeabouttwoyears．11．Whyistheorganizationbuildingaffordableseniorhousing？A．Toofferfreeassistancetoseniors．B．Tocreatejobopportunitiesforresidents．C．Toprovideaccesstoaginginplace．D．Toimprovefacilitiesforthecommunity．12．WhatdowelearnabouttheorganizationfromParagraph3？A．Itholdsmeetingsregularly．B．Itpreparesholidaygiftsforelders．C．Itadaptstosponsors'needs．D．Ittakesthehousingprojectseriously．13．WhatisMorganmainlytalkingabout？A．Sourcesoffunds．B．Applicationforloans．C．Costsforconstruction．D．Distributionofdonations．14．Whyisthetextwritten？A．Toattractmorevisitors．B．Tointroduceanorganization．C．Toreportaproject．D．Toentertaintheseniors．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了非營(yíng)利組織開展的“芥菜籽項(xiàng)目”正在接近它的一項(xiàng)倡議——在華盛頓的KeyPeninsula建造經(jīng)濟(jì)適用的老年住房。11．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TheNonprofitcarriesouttheprojectsothatpeopledon'thavetoleavetheKeyPeninsulaastheyageandhavehomecareneeds．(非營(yíng)利組織開展了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，這樣人們就不必隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)和家庭護(hù)理的