SectionⅣGrammar名詞性從句的虛擬語氣和地點、條件、讓步狀語從句1．(教材P73)Theyhaveremendedthatthesite____________(close)andrepaired.答案：(should)beclosed2．(教材P73)____________nothingisdonetorepairit,itcouldberemovedfromthelist.答案：If3．(教材P73)Theyhavesuggestedthatthegeneralpublic____________(encourage)tohelpwiththeproblem.答案：(should)beencouraged4．(教材P73)AprofessorattheAcademyhasproposedthatafund____________(establish)toraisemoney.答案：(should)beestablished5．(教材P73)Wehaverequestedthatthegovernment____________(get)involved,butwealsoneedassistancefromordinarypeople.答案：(should)get6．(教材P77)CanIsuggestthatyouallbringanumbrella____________caseitrains?答案：in7．(教材P77)Nomatter____________happens,you’regoingtohaveamarvelloustime.答案：what8．(教材P77)____________youlook,youcanseepartofourculturalheritage.答案：Wherever名詞性從句的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣用于賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，常可表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意愿等，往往由“should(通常可省略)＋動詞原形”構成。1．賓語從句(1)表示“堅持、命令、建議、要求”的動詞賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。常見的動詞：一堅持(insist)；二命令(order，mand)；三建議(suggest，advise，remend)；四要求(require，request，demand，desire)◆Theworkerremendedthatthemachine(should)becheckedonceaweek.這個工人建議這臺機器應該一周檢查一次。◆Thedriverdemandedthatallthepassengers(should)showtheirticketstohim.司機要求所有的乘客向他出示車票。(1)suggest意為“建議”時，從句中應用虛擬語氣；意為“表明，暗示”時，則應用陳述語氣。◆Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshewasill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe(should)haveamedicalexamination.簡蒼白的臉色表明她生病了，她父母建議她做一下醫療檢查。(2)insist意為“堅持認為、堅持說”時用陳述語氣，其他則用虛擬語氣。◆Sheinsistedthathewaswrongandthathe(should)apologizetoher.她堅持認為他錯了，并且應該向她道歉。(2)wish后的賓語從句中的謂語可用一般過去時、had＋過去分詞和could/might/would＋動詞原形，分別表示與現在、過去和將來情況相反。◆(天津卷)IwishIhadbeenatmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.我多么希望上周二我參加了我妹妹的婚禮，但是我當時在紐約出差。◆(陜西卷)Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishIdancedaswellasher.埃倫是一個極出色的舞者。我希望我能夠跳得和她一樣好。(3)wouldrather所接的賓語從句中，從句的謂語如果表示現在或將來要發生的動作，從句用一般過去時；如果表示過去發生過的動作，從句用過去完成時。◆(陜西卷)Wewouldratherourdaughterstayedathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.我們寧愿女兒待在家，陪在我們身邊，但是選擇權在她手上，畢竟她不再是個孩子了。2．主語從句(1)在句型“Itisimportant/necessary/natural/strange...＋that引導的主語從句”中，從句謂語動詞用“(should＋)動詞原形”。◆Itwasnecessarythatwe(should)makeeverythingreadyaheadoftime.我們有必要事先做好準備。(2)在句型“Itis＋過去分詞(suggested，ordered,proposed，remended，requested，required，demanded等)＋that引導的主語從句”中，從句的謂語動詞用“(should＋)動詞原形”。◆Itisrequiredthatmiddleschoolstudents(should)takeatleastonehourexerciseeveryday.生被要求每天至少進行一個小時的鍛煉。3．表語從句和同位語從句(1)在以suggestion，advice，remendation，demand，order，plan，proposal等表示主張、建議、命令的名詞引導的表語從句和同位語從句中，從句謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。◆Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)learnfromthismistake.他建議我們從這次錯誤中吸取教訓。◆Thesuggestionthatstudents(should)learnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.學生應多學一些實際的東西的建議是值得考慮的。(2)asif引導的表語從句常跟在特定的動詞后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。從句的謂語動詞可用陳述語氣(接近事實)也可用虛擬語氣(與事實相反)。◆Itlooksasifitisn’tcleanenoughtoswimhere.看起來這里的水好像不干凈，不能游泳。地點、條件、讓步狀語從句狀語從句是在復合句中作狀語的從句，本單元主要講的是地點狀語從句、條件狀語從句和讓步狀語從句。1．地點狀語從句地點狀語從句可置于句首、句中或句尾，常用where，wherever等引導。但where，wherever引導地點狀語從句表示抽象條件的含義時，從句須放在主句之前。◆(2017·江蘇卷)LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.由于位于“一帶一路”的交匯處，江蘇將會對“一帶一路”的建設做出更大的貢獻。◆(安徽卷)Whereheoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.在他曾經想要放棄的地方，他現在有更進一步繼續前行的決心。2．條件狀語從句條件狀語從句可置于句首或句尾，常用if，unless，as/solongas，incase,onconditionthat等引導。◆(2018·江蘇卷)Unlessyoucansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.除非你睡得好，否則一兩個晚上之后，你會失去專注、計劃和保持動力的能力。◆(北京卷)Youwon’tfindpapercuttingdifficultaslongasyoukeeppracticingit.只要你不斷練習，你不會覺得剪紙很難。◆Iwilllendthisbooktoyouonconditionthatyoureturnittomeontime.如果你能按時把書還給我，我就把它借給你。條件狀語從句中一般不使用將來時，而用一般現在時或現在完成時。3．讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句可置于句首、句中或句尾，常用(al)though,evenif/though,whether...or,while,nomatter＋疑問詞/疑問詞-ever等引導。◆(2016·北京卷)Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.雖然這些措施并不能永遠有效，但它們目前是至關重要的。◆(安徽卷)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.總的來說，孩子想要什么就給什么是不明智的。◆(湖南卷)Timisingoodshapephysicallyeventhough/evenifhedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.蒂姆盡管不怎么鍛煉，但體形很好。(1)although引導讓步狀語從句時，只能用正常語序；though可用正常語序，也可用倒裝語序；as只能用倒裝語序，常見結構：表語/狀語/動詞原形＋as＋主語＋其他。若表語是單數名詞，前置時要省略冠詞。◆(陜西卷)Hotas/thoughthenightairwas，wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.夜晚的空氣雖然很熱，但因為長途旅行之后很累，我們睡得很沉。(2)although/though不能與but連用，但可以和yet,still連用。(3)“nomatter＋疑問詞”和“疑問詞-ever”引導讓步狀語從句時，可互換。但whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever還可引導名詞性從句；whenever，wherever還可分別引導時間和地點狀語從句。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．(2018·北京卷)____________wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.答案：If2．(2017·北京卷)____________birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.答案：Although/Though3．(2016·北京卷)Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,even_____________he’sinhisnineties.答案：though/if4．(重慶卷)Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn’tgetataxi____________thebushaddroppedher.答案：where5．(2019·山西太原外國語高二月考)Thoughhisfacesuggestedthatthere____________(be)nothingserious,thedoctorstillsuggestedhe____________(stay)inbedforafewdays.答案：was;(should)stay6．Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe____________(focus)moreonitsculture.答案：focused7．It’simportantthathe____________(ask)adviceofotherpeopleabouthiswork.答案：(should)ask8．Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatter____________fullone’sscheduleisinlife.答案：how9．(2019·山東省實驗期中)Itishighlyremendedthatalloutdoortraining____________(do)undertheguidanceofcoaches.答案：(should)bedone10．Whenyouphonedme,Iwashavingameeting;howIwishI_____________(answer)yourcall.答案：hadansweredeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯1．Hesuggestedthatwecouldnotrisklosingthegametotrythenewtactics.____________________答案：could→should2．Whateverlateitis,mymotherwillwaitforme.____________________答案：Whatever→However3．IwishIhadachancetotalktoyoulastnight,butyouleftsoearly.____________________答案：在had前加had4．Shelooksasifsheistenyearsyounger.____________________答案：is→were5．Hewrotethatnamedownin