TranslationUnit16?因為窮人連飯都吃不飽便認為他們不需要義務教育的看法完全是一種錯誤的想法?沒有教育人們怎能克服貧窮?Itisacompletemisconceptionthatthepoordonotneedcompulsoryeducationbecausetheydonotevenhaveenoughtofeedon.Withouteducation,howcanpeopleeverovercometheirpoverty?8?很明顯,她拒絕他的求婚給了他沉重的打擊,但他最終還是從痛苦中恢復了過來?Itwasobviousthatherrejectionofhisproposalhithimhard,butintimeherecoveredfromhiswounds.Unit22?孩子們在兒童節有資格免費進入每一個城市公園?這是對他們全年長期呆在學校里的一種補償?OnChildren’sDay,childrenareentitledtofreeentrytoallcityparks.Thisisawayofcompensatingthemforthelonghourstheyspendinschoolallyear.7?沒有任何實際理由要保留為女性開門的那種習俗,更不用說保留“婦女和兒童優先”的傳統了?There’snopracticalreasontoperpetuatethecustomofopeningdoorsforwomen,letalonethetraditionof“womenandchildrenfirst”.Unit31?我們不久就對她無休止地抱怨感到厭倦,并盡量避開她?Wesoongrewwearyofherconstantcomplaints,andavoidedherasmuchaspossible.3?如果我們有更多的時間可支配,我會帶你上這座山?從山頂上四下觀望真令人驚嘆?Ifwehadmoretimeatourdisposal,I’dtakeyouupthismountain.Theviewfromthetopistrulyawe-inspiring.Unit42?我希望我的忠告對處于壓力下的學生們會起作用:前面的路充滿了不能遇見的機遇?Ihopemyadvicewillworkwithstudentsunderpressure—theroadaheadisfullofunforeseenopportunities.5?現在的年輕人變得老成,他們確信成就是以擁有多少財產來衡量的?Youngpeoplenowadaysaregrowingupold,withtheconvictionthatachievementismeasuredbyhowmanypossessionsoneowns.Unit53?我千里迢迢到紐約來看他,結果卻發現他兩天前出國了?IcametoNewYorkfromfarawaytoseehim,onlytofindthathehadgoneabroadtwodaysbefore.7?他們拒絕給他進入這個國家的簽證,理由是他是個危險分子?Hewasrefusedanentrypermittothiscountryonthegroundsthathewasadangerousperson.Unit61?我真希望你對這一件事能采取一種更加通情達理的態度?Iwishyoucouldadoptamorereasonableattitudetowardstheevent.4?在他過世五十年之后,他的成就才為社會所承認?Itwas50yearsafterhisdeaththathisaccomplishmentswereacknowledgedbysociety.VocabularyUnit11.Doyouthinkthatmakingmusicandartcompulsorysubjectsinschoolswouldreducesomechildren’senjoymentofthem?2.Bob’soneofthosepeoplewhorelishriskanddanger—he’dbeboredinasafe,steadyjob.3.Elizabethiscertainlytalentedenoughtosucceedinhercareer;shejustdoesn’thaveenoughconfidenceinherownabilities.4.I’msorryyou’reintrouble,butasyoumadeyourdecisiononyourownyou’lljusthavetofacetheconsequences.5.Manyeducatorswouldbedelightedtoabolishexams,buttheyalsoworrythatwithoutthemtherewouldbetoolittleincentiveforstudentstoworkhard.6.Theteacheraccidentallyhittheboy’shandwithaneraserandwashenceforthknownas“Dead-EyeBean”.7.IfIhadmoney,I’dinvestitallinInternetcompanies.8.Psychologistssaythatourbehaviorisinfluencedbymanyfactorstoosubtleforustoconsciouslyperceive.9.He’salwayshadapassionforbooks.Ifhecouldworkinalibrary,itwouldbeadreamcometrue.10.Lookatthosethreewhisperinginthecorneragain—they’reschemingsomething,Ijustdon’tknowwhat!Unit21.Inahealthyrelationship,thepartners’strengthsabilitiescomplementeachother,ratherthanbeingidentical.2.Millionsofdollarsandlotsoffamousactorsarenotindispensabletotheproductionofasuccessfulfilm,buttheyhelp!3.IneverfeltIhadarighttoexpectanyspecialprivilegesbecauseofmyuniversityeducation.4.ThemarketingstrategythatEdwardproposedwouldbebrilliantifonlyhehadn’tforgottenaboutgoodbusinessethics.5.It’struethatnothavingacarimposessomeconstraints,butowningonealsocomplicateslifeinmanyways.6.AccordingtoChineselaw,everychildisentitledtonineyearsoffreeeducation.7.Lifeshouldconsistofmorethanjustastruggleforsurvival.8.Thesightofthehelplesschildarousedhermaternalinstinct.9.Thewinnersofthecontestwerechosenrandomly;noconsiderationwasgiventoage,genderorincome.10.Hehaslosttheuseofhislimbsbutheisstillinpossessionofallhisfaculty.11.Pleasegivethehighestprioritytothisveryurgentmatter.12.SheenjoyedpartsofhertriptoIndia,butsaidshefoundthepovertyshesawthereratherdepressing.Unit31.Colorsoftenhavesymbolicmeaningsthatvaryfromculturetoculture.2.AlltheyearsthathavepassedhavenotdimmedmymemoryofourfirstgloriousautumninBeijing.3.Hismostrecentessayfocusesontheproblemsthatpeopleconfrontineverydaylife.4.Hisfailureinbusinesswasduenotsomuchtomisfortuneastohisownmistakes.5.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsconcerningourproducts,pleasefeelfreetocontactourcustomerservicedepartment.6.Myboss’smoodschangeveryquickly;onemomenthe’slight-heartedandcheerful,andthenexthehateseverythingandeverybody.7.Christyisbright,creativeandquicktoassimilatenewideas.8.Shelovestositonthehillaloneatnight,gazingatthestarsandponderingthemysteriesoflife.9.Theseeducationaltoysgivechildrenafeelingofself-worthbyarousingtheirinterestinchallengingtasks.10.Despitewidespreadpublicrecognitionoftheworseningairqualityintheseareas,littlehasbeendonetocontrolairpollution.11.Thehumanbodyhasgreatself-healingpowers,andsometimesallitneedstoovercomeamildillnessisrestandahealthydiet.12.Dogsandwolvesrelyontheirkeensenseofsmelltofindfoodandrecognizedanger.Unit4Wheneverystudentimaginesthateveryotherstudentisworkingharderanddoingbetter,stressistheinevitableresult.Itismyfirmconvictionthatviolenceisneverareasonablesolutiontoconflict.Everyonejumpedupwhenapiercingscreamsuddenlybrokethesilence.Inmanyculturesamemorialserviceisajoyfulcelebration,notasolemnevent.Therecessionhasputincreasingpressureonthejobmarket,soemploymentprospectsforthisyear’sgraduatesareunfortunatelyrathergrim.Ifyoukeeptoofirmagriponyourchildren,they’llneverlearntothinkforthemselves.Idon’tknowwhatinducedAlfredtoreadyourletter.Presumablyhethoughtitwasaddressedtohim.Whatareyouthinkingof!?Thismedicineismuchtoopotentforasmallchild!Alargesegmentofthepopulation—reckonedatabout20%—stilltakesspirit-worshipseriously.Beforegoingonacampingtrip,it’swisetomakesureyou’rewellequippedforawiderangeofemergencies.Assoonasthedirectorlefttheroom,Samcommencedentertaininguswithhiswildstories.ItalkedtoAlicelastweek—incidentally,hasshereturnedthebookyoulenther?I’dliketoborrowit,ifyoudon’tmind.Unit51.Politiciansarealwayspromisingtointroducelegislationtoraisesalariesandlowertaxes.2.Thenewpoetrycollectionwascompiledfromawidevarietyofsourcesandincludespoemsfromtwelvecountriesandsevencenturies.3.Everycultureisfullofbeliefsandassumptionsthatmostpeopleneverquestionuntiltheycomeintocontactwithanotherculture.4.ManypeoplewhoemigratetoAmericainhopesofbecomingricharesurprisedathowhardtheyhavetowork.5.Hehasawidecircleofacquaintancesbutveryfewclosefriends6.She’sarenownedtennisplayer,butherrealambitionistobecomeawriter.7.Toavoidconfusion,you’dbetterstartbyexplainingthewholeideafrombeginningtoendinanorderlyway.8.Whenyoutakeasmallchildonalongtrip,youneedtobringlotsofbooksandtoystokeephimorheramused.9.MostvisitorstoShanghaifinditaveryimpressivecity.10.Theyteachatnightschooltosupplementtheirincome,whichotherwisewouldn’tbesufficienttoliveon.Unit61.Whenhefailedtheentranceexam,hisdespairdrovehimtoconsidersuicide.2.Theirvanranintoataxibutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.3.Itwouldtakeyearsforthepainoverherdivorcetofadeaway.4.Thesoldiersvowedtogetrevengefortheircaptain’sdeath.5.Milkbathsareaveryeffectivewaytosoothethepainofminorburnsorinsectbites.6.Whenhishealthfailedandhehadtoclosehisbusiness,itshatteredallhishopesforhisfamily’sfuture.7.Themanwaswealthy,handsomeandpowerful;whyheinsistedondestroyinghislifethroughgamblingdefiedallcomprehension.8.Weneedtohavetheroofrepaired—itleakseverytimeitrains.9.Thewholetripwasanightmare—themotelhadlostourreservation,thenourcarwasstolen,andbesidesthat,theweatherwasterrible.10.Ihadaverystrangedreamlastnight,butonlyrememberafewfragmentsofit.ReadingAloudUnit1Acommonmisconceptionamongyoungstersattendingschoolisthatteacherswerechildprodigies.Whoelsebutabookworm,withnoneofthenormalkid’stendencytoplayratherthanstudy,wouldgrowuptobeateacheranyway?I’vetrieddesperatelytoexplaintomystudentsthattheimagetheyhaveofmeasanenthusiasticdevoteeofbooksandhomeworkduringmyadolescencewasabitoutoffocus.Onthecontrary,Ihatedcompulsoryeducationwithapassion.Icouldneverquiteacceptthenotionofhavingtogotoschoolwhilethefishwerebiting.Unit2Childrenareentitledtospecialconsiderationfortworeasons:helplessnessandinnocence.Theyhavenotyetacquiredeitherthefacultyofreasonorthewisdomofexperience.Consequently,theyaredefenseless(incapableoffendingforthemselves)andblameless(incapableofrealsin).That’swhywegrantthemspecialprotection.Inanemergency,itisourdutytosavethemfirstbecausethey,helpless,haveputtheirlivesinourhands.Andinwartime,theyaresupposedtobeprotectedbyspecialimmunitybecausetheycanhavethreatenedoroffendednoone.Unit3Isincerelybelievethatforchildren,andforparentsseekingtoguidethem,itisnothalfsoimportanttoknowasitistofeel.Iffactsaretheseedsthatlaterproduceknowledgeandwisdom,thentheemotionsandtheimpressionsofthesensesarethefertilesoilinwhichtheseedsmustgrow.Theyearsofearlychildhoodarethetimetopreparethesoil.Oncetheemotionshavebeenaroused—asenseofthebeautiful,theexcitementofthenewandtheunknown,afeelingofsympathy,pity,admirationorlove—thenwewishforknowledgeabouttheobjectofouremotionalresponse.Oncefound,suchknowledgehasfarmorelastingmeaningthanmereinformation.Itismoreimportanttopavethewayforchildren’sdesiretoknowthantoputthemonadietoffactstheyarenotreadytoassimilate.Unit4WhatIwishforallstudentsissomereleasefromthegrimgripofthefuture.Iwishthemachancetoenjoyeachsegmentoftheireducationasanexperienceinitselfandnotasatiresomerequirementinpreparationforthenextstep.Iwishthemtherighttoexperiment,totripandfall,tolearnthatdefeatisaseducationalasvictoryandisnottheendoftheworld.Mywish,ofcourse,isnaive.OneofthefewrightsthatAmericadoesnotproclaimistherighttofail.Achievementisthenationalgod,worshippedinourmedia—themillion-dollarathlete,thewealthyexecutive—andglorifiedinourpraiseofpossessions.Inthepresenceofsuchapotentstatereligion,theyoungaregrowingupold.Unit5Americacanbeastrangeexperienceforaforeigner.MywifeandIarrivedintheUnitedStatesinJanuaryaftersevenyearsoverseas—fourinFrance,threeinPoland.Fromthejumbleoffirstimpressions,wecompiledanA-to-ZexplanationofwhyAmericacanbesuchaforeigncountrytothosewhoarriveherefromEurope.IshouldexplainattheoutsetthatIamfromBritain,butmyFlorida-bornwifeLisaisasAmericanasapplepie.Inourlist,however,Adoesn’tstandforapplepie.Itstandsfor:Ambition.IntheOldWorld,peoplearetaughttohideit.Hereit’squitepropertoannouncethatyou’reaftertheboss’sjoborwanttomakeamilliondollarsbytheageof30.Unit6Every23minutesAheartbreaks.Someone’spainshatterstheconfinesofherbody,leakingoutintears,explodingincries,defyingalleffortstosoothethedespair.Sleepoffersnoescapefromthenightmareofawakening.Andmorningbringsonlytheirreversibilityofloss.Every23minutesAdreamends.Someone’sfutureblursandgoesblankasanticipationfadesintonothingness.Thephonewillnotring,thecarwillnotpulluptothehouse.Theweightoftomorrowbecomesunbearableinaworldinwhichallpromiseshavebeenbrokenbyforce.ListeningandSpeakingUnit2PartCOneofthebest-known(1)collectionsofparallelsisbetweenthecareersofAbrahamLincolnandJohnF.Kennedy.Bothwere(2)shotonaFriday,inthe(3)presenceoftheirwives;bothweresucceededbyaSouthernernamedJohnson;boththeirkillerswerethemselveskilledbeforetheycouldbebroughtto(4)justice.LincolnhadasecretarycalledKennedy;KennedyasecretarycalledLincoln.LincolnwaskilledintheFord(5)Theater;KennedymethisdeathwhileridinginaLincolnconvertiblemadebytheFordMotorCompany—andsoon.Similarcoincidencesoften(6)occurbetweentwins.AnewsstoryfromFinlandreportedoftwo70-year-oldtwinbrothersdyingtwohoursapartinseparateaccidents,withbothbeinghitbytruckswhilecrossingthesameroadonbicycles.Accordingtothepolice,thesecond(7)victimcouldnothaveknownabouthisbrother’sdeath,as(8)officershadonlymanagedtoidentifythefirstvictimminutesbeforethesecondaccident.Connectionsarealsofoundbetweenidenticaltwinswhohavebeenseparatedatbirth.DorothyLoweandBridgetHarrisonwereseparatedin1945,anddidnotmeetuntil1979,whentheywereflownoverfromBritainforaninvestigationbyapsychologistattheUniversityofMinnesota.Theyfoundthatwhentheymettheywerebothwearingsevenringsontheirhands,twobraceletsononewrist,awatchandabraceletontheother.(9)Theymarriedonthesameday,hadwornidenticalweddingdressesandcarriedthesameflowers.DorothyhadnamedhersonRichardAndrewandherdaughterCatherineLouise;BridgethadnamedhersonAndrewRichardandherdaughterKarenLouise.Infact,shehadwantedtocallherCatherine.BothhadacatcalledTiger.Theyalsohadastringofsimilarmannerismswhentheywerenervous.(10)Howcanweexplaintheabovesimilarities.Unit9PartCForacenturymuchattachedtonational(1)symbols,Francetooktheimminentdeathofthefranccalmly.Itwasasifan(2)ancientgreat-greatunclewereabouttopassaway:atimefornostalgiaandregret,ratherthan(3)grief.UnliketheGermanmark,thefranchadneverbeenasymbolofnational(4)rebirthorglory.Itsrecenthistorywasrelatively(5)stablebutithadtoberevaluedasrecentlyas1960.Inthe1950s,itsvalueand(6)reputationweresoweakthatFrenchpoliticiansconsidered(7)abolishingitandreplacingitwithsomethingelse,basedonthevalueofthepound.Butmoneyismoneyafterall.Itiswithuseveryday.Itwassurprisingthat(8)suchaconservativepeopledidnotexpressgreatersorrowforthelossoftheirfamiliarfrancs.Itwasalsosurprisingtheydidnotfeelagreatersenseofaestheticlossforthefranchadalwaysbeenoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulcurrencies.(9)Thenamefrancwasfirstusedin1360,tocelebrateandhelptopayforthereleaseoftheKingofFrance,KingJeanII,whowascapturedbythestillpoundlessEnglish.Hecreatedthe“franc”or“free”tocelebratetheoccasion.Overthenext400yearsthenamecameandwentbutwasfinallyrestoredbytheRevolutionin1795.(10)OnFebruary17th,2002,theFrenchfrancdisappearedcompletelyfromthefinancialscene.Unit11PartC90%ofpeopleintheworldare(1)naturallyright-handed.Whyisthisso,andarewe(2)bornonewayortheother?Theanswertothisquestionisrather(3)complicated.Inbabiesandyoungchildren,no(4)singlesidebecomes(5)dominantuntilaroundtheageofeight.At12weeks,babiesusuallyusebothhands(6)equally,butby16weeks,theymostlyusethelefthandfor(7)touching.By24weeks,theyhavechangedagainandstartusingbothhands.Thenat28weeks,theybecomeone-handedagain,althoughthistimeitistherighthandthatisusedmore.At32weeks,theystartusingbothhandsagain.(8)Whentheyreachtheageof36weeks,thereisanotherchange,withmostbabiesnowpreferringtousethelefthand.Between40and44weeks,therighthandisonceagainmoreused.At48weeks,babiesswitchtousingtheirlefthandsagain,andthenbetween52and56weeks,therighthandtakesover.Therearefurtherchangesstill.(9)At80weeks,therighthandlosescontrol,andbohtareusedagainequally.Whentheyoungchildreachestheageoftwo,therighthandtakesoveragain,butbetweentwoandahalfandthreeyears,bothhandsareusedequally.(10)Thingsfinallybecomestableataroundfouryearsandstaythesameuntilbytheageofeight,onehandisstronglydominatingovertheother.Unit13PartCNowadaysintheUnitedStates,thereare(1)200,000milesofpipeline,170000gasstationsand243millionvehiclesusingpetroleumfuels.GuyNegre,the(2)founderandCEOofMotorDevelopmentInternational,ishopingtochangeallthat.Hehasinventedacompressedair(3)technologyforcars.ThenewinventionistheAirPod.TheAirPodisasmallfour-wheel(4)mini-carthatusescompressedairtomovepistons.Itusesasmallmotortocompressoutsideairtokeepthetank(5)full.Thesmallmotorcannotonlyoperateongasoline,diesel,vegetableoil,butalsobe(6)pluggedintoanelectricaloutletfor(7)recharging.(8)Withthedemandforinexpensive,user-friendly,high-mileagevehiclesthatwillnotcauseglobalwarming,theAirpodisgettingalotofattention.AirFranceandKLMairlineswillbeusingAirPodstotransportpassengersbetweenarrivalanddeparturegatesatairportsinParisandAmsterdambeginningin2009.ZeroPollutionMotors(9)haspurchasedtherightsfortheU.S.marketandexpectstomanufacture8000vehiclesayearintheUnitedStatesbeginningin2011.Automaker,TataMotorshaspurchasedthemanufacturingrightsforIndia.(10)Licensingarrangementsforothercountriesarecurrentlyinprogress.Test1PartCDidyouknowthatoneoutofeverytenpeopleintheworldareleft-handed?Anddidyoualsoknowthatinmanycountriesleft-handednessisstillthoughtofasbeingwrong?InIndia,forexample,youshouldn’teatwithyourlefthand.Evenatthebeginningofthe20thcenturyleft-handednesswasconsideredtobeasignofweakness.(16)Resear