#鋼筋rebar第一部分必須掌握，第二部分盡量掌握第一部分：FiniteElementMethod有限單元法專業英語SpecialtyEnglish水利工程HydraulicEngineering土木工程CivilEngineering地下工程UndergroundEngineering巖土工程GeotechnicalEngineering道路工程Road(Highway)Engineering橋梁工程BridgeEngineering隧道工程TunnelEngineering工程力學EngineeringMechanics交通工程TrafficEngineering港口工程PortEngineering安全性safety17木結構timberstructure砌體結構masonrystructure混凝土結構concretestructure鋼結構steelstructure鋼-混凝土復合結構steelandconcretecompositestructure素混凝土plainconcrete鋼筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete預應力混凝土pre-stressedconcrete靜定結構staticallydeterminatestructure超靜定結構staticallyindeterminatestructure桁架結構trussstructure空間網架結構spatialgridstructure近海工程offshoreengineering靜力學statics運動學kinematics動力學dynamics簡支梁simplysupportedbeam固定支座fixedbearing36彈性力學elasticity塑性力學plasticity彈塑性力學elaso-plasticity斷裂力學fractureMechanics土力學soilmechanics水力學hydraulics流體力學fluidmechanics固體力學solidmechanics集中力concentratedforce壓力pressure靜水壓力hydrostaticpressure均布壓力uniformpressure體力bodyforce重力gravity線荷載lineload彎矩bendingmomenttorque扭矩應力stress應變stain正應力normalstress剪應力shearingstress主應力principalstress變形deformation內力internalforce偏移量撓度deflectionsettlement沉降屈曲失穩buckle軸力axialforce允許應力allowablestress疲勞分析fatigueanalysis梁beam殼shell板plate橋bridge樁pile主動土壓力activeearthpressure被動土壓力passiveearthpressure承載力load-bearingcapacity水位waterHeight位移displacement結構力學structuralmechanics材料力學materialmechanics經緯儀altometer79水準儀level學科discipline子學科sub-discipline期刊journal,periodical文獻literatureISSNInternationalStandardSerialNumber國際標準刊號ISBNInternationalStandardBookNumber國際標準書號卷volume期number88專著monograph會議論文集Proceeding學位論文thesis,dissertation專利patent檔案檔案室archive國際學術會議conference導師advisor學位論文答辯defenseofthesis博士研究生doctoratestudent研究生postgraduateEIEngineeringIndex工程索引SCIScienceCitationIndex科學引文索引100ISTPIndextoScienceandTechnologyProceedings科學技術會議論文集索引題目title摘要abstract全文full-text參考文獻reference105聯絡單位、所屬單位affiliation主題詞Subject關鍵字keywordASCEAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers美國土木工程師協會FHWAFederalHighwayAdministration聯邦公路總署110ISOInternationalStandardOrganization解析方法analyticalmethod數值方法numericalmethod計算computation說明書instruction第二部分：巖土工程專業詞匯geotechnicalengineering巖土工程foundationengineering基礎工程soil,earth土soilmechanics土力學cyclicloading周期荷載unloading卸載reloading再加載viscoelasticfoundation粘彈性地基viscousdamping粘滯阻尼shearmodulus剪切模量soildynamics土動力學stresspath應力路徑numericalgeotechanics數值巖土力學二.土的分類1.residualsoil殘積土groundwaterlevel地下水位2.groundwater地下水groundwatertable地下水位3.clayminerals粘土礦物4.secondaryminerals次生礦物5.landslides滑坡6.boreholecolumnarsection鉆孔柱狀圖7.engineeringgeologicinvestigation工程地質勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravellysand礫砂12.coarsesand粗砂13.mediumsand中砂14.finesand細砂15.siltysand粉土16.clayeysoil粘性土17.clay粘土18.siltyclay粉質粘土19.silt粉土20.sandysilt砂質粉土21.clayeysilt粘質粉土22.saturatedsoil飽和土23.unsaturatedsoil非飽和土24.fill(soil)填土25.overconsolidatedsoil超固結土26.normallyconsolidatedsoil正常固結土27.underconsolidatedsoil欠固結土28.zonalsoil區域性土29.softclay軟粘土30.expansive(swelling)soil膨脹土31.peat泥炭32.loess黃土33.frozensoil凍土24.degreeofsaturation飽和度25?dryunitweight干重度26?moistunitweight濕重度45?ISSMGE=InternationalSocietyforSoilMechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering國際土力學與巖土工程學會四四.滲透性和滲流24.long-termtransientload長期荷載25.reducedload折算荷載26.settlement沉降27.deformation變形Darcy'slaw達西定律2.piping管涌3.flowingsoil流土4.sandboiling砂沸5.flownet流網6.seepage滲透（流）7.leakage滲流8.seepagepressure滲透壓力permeability滲透性seepageforce滲透力hydraulicgradient水力梯度12.coefficientofpermeability滲透系數五.地基應力和變形1?softsoil軟土2?（negative）skinfrictionofdrivenpile打入樁（負）摩阻力3.effectivestress有效應力4.totalstress總應力fieldvaneshearstrength十字板抗剪強度6.lowactivity低活性7.sensitivity靈敏度8?triaxialtest三軸試驗9.foundationdesign基礎設計recompaction再壓縮11.bearingcapacity承載力12?soilmass土體13?contactstress（pressure）接觸應力（壓力）concentratedload集中荷載15.asemi-infiniteelasticsolid半無限彈性體16.homogeneous均質17.isotropic各向同性18.stripfooting條基19.squarespreadfooting方形獨立基礎20?underlyingsoil（stratum.strata）下臥層（土）21.deadload=sustainedload恒載持續荷載22.liveload活載23?short-termtransientload短期瞬時荷載28?casing套管29?dike=dyke堤（防）30?clayfraction粘粒粒組31?physicalproperties物理性質32?subgrade路基33?well-gradedsoil級配良好土34?poorly-gradedsoil級配不良土35?normalstresses正應力36?shearstresses剪應力37?principalplane主平面38?major（intermediate?minor）principalstress最大（中、最小）主應力39?Mohr-Coulombfailurecondition摩爾-庫侖破壞條件40?FEM=finiteelementmethod有限元法41?limitequilibriummethod極限平衡法42?porewaterpressure孑L隙水壓力43?preconsolidationpressure先期固結壓力44?modulusofcompressibility壓縮模量45?coefficentofcompressibility壓縮系數46?compressionindex壓縮指數47?swellingindex回彈指數48?geostaticstress自重應力49?additionalstress附加應力50.totalstress總應力51.finalsettlement最終沉降52?slipline滑動線六?基坑開挖與降水1excavation開挖（挖方）2dewatering（基坑）降水3failureoffoundation基坑失穩bracingoffoundationpit基坑圍護bottomheave=basalheave（基坑）底隆起retainingwall擋土墻7pore-pressuredistribution孑壓分布8dewateringmethod降低地下水位法9wellpointsystem井點系統（輕型）10deepwellpoint深井點11vacuumwellpoint真空井點12bracedcuts支撐圍護13bracedexcavation支撐開挖14bracedsheeting支撐擋板七.深基礎--deepfoundation1.pilefoundation樁基礎1）cast-in-place灌注樁divingcastingcast-in-placepile沉管灌注樁boredpile鉆孔樁special-shapedcast-in-placepile機控異型灌注樁pilessetintorock嵌巖灌注樁rammedbulbpile夯擴樁2）belledpierfoundation鉆孔墩基礎drilled-pierfoundation鉆孔擴底墩under-reamedboredpier3）precastconcretepile預制混凝土樁4）steelpile鋼樁steelpipepile鋼管樁steelsheetpile鋼板樁5）prestressedconcretepile預應力混凝土樁prestressedconcretepipepile預應力混凝土管樁2.caissonfoundation沉井（箱）3?diaphragmwall地下連續墻截水墻4.frictionpile摩擦樁5.end-bearingpile端承樁shaft豎井；樁身7?waveequationanalysis波動方程分析8?pilecaps承臺（樁帽）9?bearingcapacityofsinglepile單樁承載力10?lateralpileloadtest單樁橫向載荷試驗11?ultimatelateralresistanceofsinglepile單樁橫向極限承載力12?staticloadtestofpile單樁豎向靜荷載試驗13?verticalallowableloadcapacity單樁豎向容許承載力14?lowpilecap低樁承臺15?high-risepilecap高樁承臺16?verticalultimateupliftresistanceofsinglepile單樁抗拔極限承載力17?silentpiling靜力壓樁18?upliftpile抗拔樁19?anti-slidepile抗滑樁20?pilegroups群樁21?efficiencyfactorofpilegroups群樁效率系數（n）22?efficiencyofpilegroups群樁效應23?dynamicpiletesting樁基動測技術24?finalset最后貫入度25?dynamicloadtestofpile樁動荷載試驗26?pileintegritytest樁的完整性試驗27?pilehead=butt樁頭28.piletip=pilepoint=piletoe樁端（頭）29?pilespacing樁距30?pileplan樁位布置圖31?arrangementofpiles=pilelayout樁的布置32?groupaction群樁作用33?endbearing=tipresistance樁端阻34?skin（side）friction=shaftresistance樁側阻35?pilecushion樁墊36?piledriving（byvibration）（振動）打樁37?pilepullingtest拔樁試驗38.pileshoe樁靴39?pilenoise打樁噪音40?pilerig打樁機九?固結consolidation1?Terzzaghi'sconsolidationtheory太沙基固結理論2?Barraon'sconsolidationtheory巴隆固結理論3?Biot'sconsolidationtheory比奧固結理論4?overconsolidationration（OCR）超固結比5.overconsolidationsoil超固結土effectivestressfailureenvelop有效應力破壞包線excessporewaterpressure超孔壓力multi-dimensionalconsolidation多維固結8.one-dimensionalconsolidation一維固結primaryconsolidation主固結secondaryconsolidation次固結degreeofconsolidation固結度12.consolidationtest固結試驗13.consolidationcurve固結曲線14.timefactorTv時間因子coefficientofconsolidation固結系數preconsolidationpressure前期固結壓力principleofeffectivestress有效應力原理consolidationunderK0conditionK0固結十.抗剪強度shearstrength1.undrainedshearstrength不排水抗剪強度residualstrength殘余強度3.long-termstrength長期強度4.peakstrength峰值強度5.shearstrainrate剪切應變速率6.dilatation剪脹effectivestressapproachofshearstrength剪脹抗剪強度有效應力法8.totalstressapproachofshearstrength抗剪強度總應力法9.Mohr-Coulombtheory莫爾－庫侖理論10.angleofinternalfriction內摩擦角11.cohesion粘聚力12.failurecriterion破壞準則13.vanestrength十字板抗剪強度unconfinedcompression無側限抗壓強度effectivestressstrengthparameter有效應力強度參數十一.本構模型--constitutivemodelelasticmodel彈性模型2.nonlinearelasticmodel非線性彈性模型elastoplasticmodel彈塑性模型4.viscoelasticmodel粘彈性模型5?boundarysurfacemodel邊界面模型6.Duncan-Changmodel鄧肯－張模型7.rigidplasticmodel剛塑性模型8.capmodel蓋帽模型9.worksoftening加工軟化10.workhardening加工硬化Cambridgemodel劍橋模型12.idealelastoplasticmodel理想彈塑性模型13.Mohr-Coulombyieldcriterion莫爾－庫侖屈服準則yieldsurface屈服面elastichalf-spacefoundationmodel彈性半空間地基模型16.elasticmodulus彈性模量17.Winklerfoundationmodel文克爾地基模型十二.地基承載力--bearingcapacityoffoundationsoil1.punchingshearfailure沖剪破壞2.generalshearfailure整體剪切破化3.localshearfailure局部剪切破壞stateoflimitequilibrium極限平衡狀態criticaledgepressure臨塑荷載stabilityoffoundationsoil地基穩定性7?ultimatebearingcapacityoffoundationsoil地基極限承載力8.allowablebearingcapacityoffoundationsoil地基容許承載力十三.土壓力--earthpressure1.activeearthpressure主動土壓力2.passiveearthpressure被動土壓力3.earthpressureatrest靜止土壓力Coulomb'searthpressuretheory庫侖土壓力理論Rankine'searthpressuretheory朗金土壓力理論十四.土坡穩定分析--slopestabilityanalysis1.angleofrepose休止角2.Bishopmethod畢肖普法3.safetyfactorofslope邊坡穩定安全系數4.Felleniusmethodofslices費紐倫斯條分法5.Swedishcirclemethod瑞典圓弧滑動法6.slicesmethod條分法十五.擋土墻--retainingwall1.stabilityofretainingwall擋土墻穩定性foundationwall基礎墻3.counterretainingwall扶壁式擋土墻4.cantileverretainingwall懸臂式擋土墻5.cantileversheetpilewall懸臂式板樁墻gravityretainingwall重力式擋土墻anchoredplateretainingwall錨定板擋土墻anchoredsheetpilewall錨定板板樁墻十六.板樁結構物--sheetpilestructure1.steelsheetpile鋼板樁2.reinforcedconcretesheetpile鋼筋混凝土板樁steelpiles鋼樁4.woodensheetpile木板樁5.timberpiles木樁十七.淺基礎--shallowfoundation1.boxfoundation箱型基礎2.mat(raft)foundation片筏基礎3.stripfoundation條形基礎4.spreadfooting擴展基礎5.compensatedfoundation補償性基礎6.bearingstratum持力層7.rigidfoundation剛性基礎8.flexiblefoundation柔性基礎embeddeddepthoffoundation基礎埋置深度netfoundationpressure基底附加應力structure-foundation-soilinteractionanalysis上部結構－基礎－地基共同作用分析十八.土的動力性質--dynamicpropertiesofsoils1.dynamicstrengthofsoils動強度2.wavevelocitymethod波速法3.materialdamping材料阻尼geometricdamping幾何阻尼5.dampingratio阻尼比6.initialliquefaction初始液化7.naturalperiodofsoilsite地基固有周期dynamicshearmodulusofsoils動剪切模量9.dynamicma二十.地基基礎抗震1.earthquakeengineering地震工程2.soildynamics土動力學3.durationofearthquake地震持續時間4?earthquakeresponsespectrum地震反應譜5.earthquakeintensity地震烈度6.earthquakemagnitude震級7?seismicpredominantperiod地震卓越周期8?maximumaccelerationofearthquake地震最大加速度二十一?室內土工實驗1?highpressureconsolidationtest高壓固結試驗2?consolidationunderK0cond