Usingdigitalcomputertocontroloverseasprocessingfromthesbegan.In1952,theMassachusettsinstituteoftechnologyinaverticalmillingmachinemountedasetofexperimentalnumericalcontrolsystem,andsuccessfullyrealizingandthecontrolofthreeaxismovement,itbecametheworld'sfirstnumericalcontrolmachine.Sincethen,from60s,someotherindustrialcountries,suchasGermanyandJapanweredevelopmentproductionanduseofnumericalcontrolmachine.1974microprocessordirectlyforncmachinetools,andfurtherpromotethepopularizationandapplicationofthenumericalcontrolmachineanddeveloping.Alongwithnumericalcontrolfunctionofmachinemoreandmoreperfect,reliabilityandperformancemoreandmorehigh,itgraduallyinmanufacturingbearthemoreandmoreimportantrole.ThedevelopmentofnumericalcontrolmachineinChinabeganin1958,afterdecadesofdevelopment,untilafterthe80sintroducedJapan,theUnitedStates,SpainandothercountriesCNCservoandservosystemtechnology,thenumericalcontroltechnologyinourcountryhavequalitativeleap;applicationsgraduallyspreadout,numericalcontroltechnologyindustrytograduallyformscale.Inrecentyears,ourcountrybusinessenterpriseofnumericalcontrolmachinetoolshareisrisingyearbyyear,inlargeandmedium-sizedenterprisehasmoreUse,inthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesandevenindividualenterprisesgenerallyalsoinbegintouse.2001domesticnumericalcontrolmetal-cuttinglathesproductionhasupto1.80000units,ayear-on-yeargrowth28.5%,numericalcontrolmachinetoolindustryoutputratefrom2000in17.4%increaseto2001yearsof22.7%.In2001,China'sindustrialoutputhasenteredtheworldmachine5th,machinetoolintheworld'sconsumptionrosetothirdplaceto47.$3.9billion,aftertheUnitedStates53.6.7billiondollars,spendingup25%onthepreviousyear.Butbecausethehome-madenumericalcontrolmachinetoolcan'tmeetthedemandofthemarket,China'simportsofgoodsmachineshowascendanttrend,theimportof2001machinetoolsjumpedtosecondplaceintheworld,for24.$0.6billion,a27%increasefromthepreviousyear.Inrecentyears,ourcountryexportgrowthoflargencmachinetoolshaveCNClathe,CNCgrindingmachine,CNCspecialprocessingmachines,CNCcuttingmachine,CNCformingbendingmachine,CNCmachines,ordinarymachinetoolshavedrillingmachine,thread-rolling,slottingmachines,broachingmachine,combinationmachinetools,hydraulicpress,woodworkingmachinery,etc.Exportofthenumericalcontrolmachinetoolbreedwithcheapprimarily.Becauseoftherapiddevelopmentofmodernindustry,themarketdemandchangeofmoreandmorediverse,manyvarieties,mediumandsmallbatchandevensingleproductionoccupiesconsiderableproportion,hasbecomemoreandmorecommonmachinetoolcannotmeetthemodernprocessingtechnologyandimprovelaborproductivityrequirements.Iftheequipmentallupdatereplacement,notonlylittlecapitalinvestment,costistoohigh,andoftheoriginalequipmentidleandwouldcausegreatwaste.Nowscienceandtechnologydevelopmentsoon,especiallymicroelectronicstechnologyandthedevelopmentofcomputertechnologyfaster,appliedtonumericalcontrolsystem,itcanimprovetheautomationdegreeofmachinetool,andcanimprovethemachiningprecision,sothemosteconomicalwayisthenumericalcontrolmachinetoolforordinarytransformation.Thiscanimprovetheprocessingproductivity,improvetheprocessingtechnology,stillcanreducefunds,andtoreducethelaborintensity,shortentheorderanewnumericalcontrolmachinedeliverycycletime.Practicehasshowntheeconomicalncmillingmachinecommontransformationhasthesignificantpracticalvalue,isthis,intheoldmillingmachineonthenctransformationhasagoodmarketprospect.Ourcountryatpresentthemachinetoolgross380morethantenthousandsets,ofwhichonly113400unitstotalnumericalcontrolmachine,numericalcontrolmachinetoolsinChinathatislessthan3%.Inthepast10years,ourcountrynumericalcontrolmachinetoolannualoutputisabout0.6~08000sets,andannualoutputvalueisabout1.8billionyuan.Thenumericalcontrolmachinetoolannualrateof6%.YiLingmachinetoolsinChinaformorethan10yearsofabove60%;10yearsthefollowingmachine,automaticandsemi-automaticmachineislessthan20%,FMC/FMSautomationproductionlinemorenumbered(theUnitedStatesandJapantobeautomaticandsemi-automaticmachinetoolismorethan60%).Mostofourmanufacturingindustryisvisibleandenterpriseproduction,processingequipmentofthevastmajorityofthetraditionalmachinetool,andmorethanhalfYiLingisover10yearsoldmachinetools.Inthisequipmentprocessingoutofthecommonproductqualityispoor,variety,topgrade,andless,thehighcostandlowlongdelivery,andintheinternationalanddomesticmarketlesscompetitive,directlyaffectinganenterpriseproducts,market,benefitsandaffecttheenterprisesurvivalanddevelopment.Somustraisetherateofnumericalcontrolmachinetools.Sinceourcountrysincethereformandopeningup,alotofenterpriseintroducedfromabroadtechnology,equipmentandproductionlinetechnicalreform.Accordingtonotcompletecount,from1979to1988,10years,theintroductionoftechnicalrenovationprogramshave18446items,about16.58billiondollars.Theseprojects,mostoftheprojectfortheeconomicconstructionofourcountryplayaproperrole.Butsomeintroducedprojectforavarietyofreasons,equipmentorproductionlinecan'trun,evenparalysis,maketheefficiencyofenterprisesisaffected,seriousmakeenterpriseintrouble.Someequipment,productionlineimportedfromabroadlater,somebaddigestionandabsorption,sparepartsisnotcomplete,maintainundeserved,runningthebad;Someintroductiononlypayattentiontowhenimportingtheequipments,instruments,theproductionline,ignoresoftware,technology,management,causingtheprojectisnotcompleteandequipmentcannotexertpotential;Someevencannotstarttheoperation,doesn'tplayitsrole;Someintheproductionlineofproductssoldverywell,butbecauseequipmentfailurecan'tDaChanstandard;Somebecauseoftheproducts,highenergyconsumptionislowandcauselosses;Somehasintroducedalongtime,needtoupdatetechnology.Avarietyofreasonsmakesomeequipmentnotonlycreatewealth,butconsumingwealth.Thesecan'tuseofequipment,productionlineisaburden,alsoisagroupoflargestockassets,fixediswealth.Aslongasfindthemaintechnicaldifficulties,andsolvethekeytechnicalissues,canactivatetheleastinvestmentthelargeststockassets,towinthebiggesteconomicbenefitsandsocialbenefits.Thisisalsoagreattransformationmarket.ThistopicisX53KverticalmillingmachinearoundwilltransformintoeconomicalCNCmillingmachineonthedesign,economicalncmillingmachineistopointtothepricecheap,convenientinoperation,andsuitableforChina'snationalconditionsofasimplenumericalcontrolsystemofhighefficiencyautomationmachinetools.Smallandmediumenterpriseinordertodevelopproduction,oftenhopeontheoriginaloldmachinetooltransformation,achievenumericalcontrol,automation.Economicalncmillingmachinesystemiscombinedwiththeactualproductionofreality,andcombinedwithactualsituationinChina,andtomeetthebasicfunctionsystem,underthepreconditionofpricesaslowaspossible.Cheapprice,performancetopricemoderateisthemostmaincharacteristic,especiallysuitableforoccupiesthelargerproportionintheequipmentofordinarymillingmachinetransformation,suitableforthefirstlineintheproductionoflargeareapromotion.Enterpriseapplicationtypeeconomicalncsystemtoequipmentafterthetransformation,theproductwillimprovethemachiningaccuracyandbatchproductionabilityandkeepthe"universalprocessing"and"specialhighefficiency"thetwoproperties,improveequipmenttoupgradetheirproductsofstraincapacity,enhancetheenterprisethecompetitiveability.Usingthemicrocomputertransformtheexistingcommonmillingmachine,themainproblemswhichshouldbesolvedishowtomechanicaldriveintomanualcontroltooltoandtheinversion,andintototransformintocontrolledbycomputerautomatictransfertoolandautomaticallyfeedprocessingamillingmachine,namelyeconomicalncmillingmachine.Fortherenovationofthenumericalcontrolmachineisverynecessary.Numericalcontrolmachinetoolcanwellsolvethecomplexshape,precisionandsmallbatchandchangeablepartsprocessingproblem.Canstablequalityandimproveproductionefficiencyprocessing,buttheuseofnumericalcontrolmachinehavealsobeenotherlimitations.Suchas:thenumericalcontrolmachinetoolisexpensive,one-timeinvestmenthugeetc,therefore,theCNCmillingmachinecommontransformation,brightprospects.ItissuitableforChina'seconomiclevel,theeducationlevelandproductionlevel,hasbecomeChina'sequipmenttechnicalreformoneofmaindirection.Andiscurrentlyinthemachineryindustry,withthedevelopmentofmarketeconomy,theproductupdatecyclemoreandmoreshort,mediumandsmallbatchproductionpossessionofproportionismoreandmorebig,theprecisionofmechanicalproductsandqualityrequirementsareconstantlytoimproveandpushforward.Sothecommonmachinegettingmoreandmoredifficulttomeettherequirementoftreatment,andbecauseofthetechnicalleveloftheincrease,thepriceofnumericalcontrolmachineindeclining,therefore,ncmachinetoolsintheuseofmechanicalindustrywillbecomemoreandmorecommon,andtheoriginalofthemachinetooltoordinarynumericalcontrolreformshouldalsobemoreandmorewidely,inaccordancewiththedesignofthetaskdesignX53Kverticalmillingmachinenumericalcontrolthetransformation.國外利用數(shù)字計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行控制加工是從40年代開始的。1952年美國麻省理工學(xué)院在一臺立式銑床上裝了一套試驗(yàn)性的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)同時控制三軸的運(yùn)動，它成了世界上第一臺數(shù)控機(jī)床。此后，從60年代開始，其他一些工業(yè)國家如德國、日本等陸續(xù)地開發(fā)生產(chǎn)及使用數(shù)控機(jī)床。1974年微處理機(jī)直接用于數(shù)控機(jī)床，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了數(shù)控機(jī)床的普及應(yīng)用和大力發(fā)展。隨著數(shù)控機(jī)床的功能越來越完善，可靠性和性能越來越高，它在制造業(yè)中逐漸擔(dān)當(dāng)了越來越重要的角色。我國數(shù)控機(jī)床的研制是從1958年開始的，經(jīng)歷了幾十年的發(fā)展，直至80年代后引進(jìn)了日本、美國、西班牙等國數(shù)控伺服及伺服系統(tǒng)技術(shù)后，我國的數(shù)控技術(shù)才有質(zhì)的飛躍，應(yīng)用面逐漸鋪開，數(shù)控技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)才逐步形成規(guī)模。近年來我國企業(yè)的數(shù)控機(jī)床占有率逐年上升，在大中企業(yè)已有較多的使用，在中小企業(yè)甚至個體企業(yè)中也普遍開始使用。2001年國內(nèi)數(shù)控金切機(jī)床產(chǎn)量已達(dá)1.8萬臺，比上年增長28.5%，機(jī)床行業(yè)產(chǎn)值數(shù)控化率從2000年的17.4%提高到2001年的22.7%。2001年，我國機(jī)床工業(yè)產(chǎn)值己進(jìn)入世界第5名，機(jī)床消費(fèi)額在世界排名上升到第3位，達(dá)47.39億美元，僅次于美國的53.67億美元，消費(fèi)額比上一年增長25%。但由于國產(chǎn)數(shù)控機(jī)床不能滿足市場的需求，使我國機(jī)床的進(jìn)口額呈逐年上升態(tài)勢，2001年進(jìn)口機(jī)床躍升至世界第2位，達(dá)24.06億美元，比上年增長27％。近年來我國出口額增幅較大的數(shù)控機(jī)床有數(shù)控車床、數(shù)控磨床、數(shù)控特種加工機(jī)床、數(shù)控剪板機(jī)、數(shù)控成形折彎機(jī)、數(shù)控壓鑄機(jī)等，普通機(jī)床有鉆床、鋸床、插床、拉床、組合機(jī)床、液壓壓力機(jī)、木工機(jī)床等。出口的數(shù)控機(jī)床品種以中低檔為主。由于現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，市場需求變的越來越多樣化，多品種、中小批量甚至單件生產(chǎn)占有相當(dāng)大的比重，普通機(jī)床已越來越不能滿足現(xiàn)代加工工藝及提高勞動生產(chǎn)率的要求。如果設(shè)備全部更新替換，不僅資金投入太大，成本太高，而且原有設(shè)備的閑置又將造成極大的浪費(fèi)。如今科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展很快，特別是微電子技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展更快，應(yīng)用到數(shù)控系統(tǒng)上，它既能提高機(jī)床的自動化程度，又能提高加工精度，所以最經(jīng)濟(jì)的辦法就是進(jìn)行普通機(jī)床的數(shù)控改造。這樣既可以提高加工生產(chǎn)率，改善加工工藝，還可以減少資金投入，減輕工人的勞動強(qiáng)度，縮短訂購新的數(shù)控機(jī)床的交貨周期時間。實(shí)踐已經(jīng)證明普通銑床的經(jīng)濟(jì)型數(shù)控改造具有重大的實(shí)際價(jià)值，為此，在舊有銑床上進(jìn)行數(shù)控改造有著較好的市場前景。我國目前機(jī)床總量380余萬臺，而其中數(shù)控機(jī)床總數(shù)只有11.34萬臺，即我國機(jī)床數(shù)控化率不到3％。近10年來，我國數(shù)控機(jī)床年產(chǎn)量約為0.6～0.8萬臺，年產(chǎn)值約為18億元。機(jī)床的年產(chǎn)量數(shù)控化率為6％。我國機(jī)床役齡10年以上的占60％以上；10年以下的機(jī)床中，自動/半自動機(jī)床不到20％，F(xiàn)MC/FMS等自動化生產(chǎn)線更屈指可數(shù)（美國和日本自動和半自動機(jī)床占60％以上）。可見我們的大多數(shù)制造行業(yè)和企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)、加工裝備絕大數(shù)是傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)床，而且半數(shù)以上是役齡在10年以上的舊機(jī)床。用這種裝備加工出來的產(chǎn)品普遍存在質(zhì)量差、品種少、檔次低、成本高、供貨期長，從而在國際、國內(nèi)市場上缺乏競爭力，直接影響一