2022年河南省許昌市、濟源市、平頂山市聯(lián)考高考英語

第三次質(zhì)檢試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Lakesthatarecalledseas

Peoplearealwaysfullofimaginationtothedeepandmysterioussea.However,thewaters

knownastheseaarenotalwaystheendlessseasWeremember,butmayalsobebeautifulor

magnificentlakes.

AralSea

TheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatliestothenorthOfUzbekistanandtothesouthof

KazakhstanAraloccupiedavastareaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,but

itsareahasbeenconstantlyreducingoverthepasttwocenturiesandtodayit'sbelievedtobe

lessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.

DeadSea

TheDeadSeaislocatedbetweenIsraelandJordanintheJordanRiftValley.ltisactuallyasalt

lakeandoneoftheworld'smostsaltywaterbodies.Theelevation（海拔）oftheDeadSea,s

shoresisthelowestanditalsoenjoysthelittleofbeingtheworld'sdeepesthypersaline

lake.Thehighsalinity（含鹽量）oftheDeadSeameansitdoesnotsupportlife,hencethename.

SeaofGalilee

TheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewithusea"initsname.ltisthesecond-lowestlakeinthe

worldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevationrangingfrom705feetto686feetbelowsea

level.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.Underground

springsalsofeedwatertothelake.

ErhaiLake

ErhaiinYunnanProvince,China,at1,972metersabovesealevel,coveringanareaof250

squarekilometers,isoneofthesevenbiggestfreshwaterlakesinChina.ltmeans"seashaped

likeanear"inChinese.Erhaiisreputedas"PearofPlateau".

1.Whichofthefollowingisbecomingsmallerandsmaller?

A.AralSea.B.DeadSea.

C.SeaofGalilee.D.ErhaiLake

2.What,sspecialabout"Deadsea"?

A.Itisthedeepestlake.

B.Itisthemostsaltylake.

C.Ithasthelowestshores.

D.Itliesinadangerousvalley.

3.WhatisexactlythesametoSeaofGalileeandErhaiLake?

A.Size.B.Shape.C.Saltcontent.D.Elevation.

B

Asaprofessorofarchitectureaimingathelpinghisstudentsunderstand3Dgeometry（幾何）,

EmoRubikcreatedapuzzlethatwouldcapture（激發(fā)）theimaginationofgenerationsto

come-theRubik'scube.TheRubik,scubebecameoneofthemostpopulartoysinhistory,with

morethan350millionsoldtodate.

InthefirstthreeyearsthatthecubewaslicensedtoanAmericancompany,itsold100million

copiesaroundtheworld.Rubikneverimagineditwouldhavethatkindofappeal.uPeople

tendednottobuydifficultpuzzles,"heexplains.

ButtheRubik'scube,"madeitreallyfashionabletohaveapuzzlen.

Today,RubikcontinuestoworkasaprofessorandisaboardmemberoftheRubik's

company.Heisalsoastaunch（忠實的）advocateforSTEM

（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）andartseducationandencourageshis

owncompanyandotherstotakethelead.

',IprefertocallitSTEAM（science,technology,engineering,art,andmathematics）',,because

Ithinkartisanimportantpartofeducation.Thekeyisstartingearly,fromelementary

school,andcontinuingonandon,πhesaid."Thissmallblueplanetanditsentireinterdependent

populationdependsonfuturegenerationslearningthesesubjects.!andmycompanyhavetried

tohelp.We,veintroducedthe,YouCANDotheRubik,sCube*coursetohundredsofschools

acrosstheUnitedStatesandareexpandingitelsewheretohelpstudentstoIeaminan

engaging,interactive,practicalway."

4.WhydidRubikinventedtheRubik,scube?

A.Toattractconsumers.B.Toassisthisteaching.

C.Tomakeanewpuzzle.D.Tochangeviewsonpuzzles.

5.WhatcanweIeamaboutRubik,scube?

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A.Itisarteducationactually.

B.Itisindeedaneasypuzzle.

C.Itwasthemostpopulartoy.

D.Itwasabighittotheworld.

6.WhatdoesthetextmainlyintroduceRubikas?

A.Anartist.B.Apuzzleplayer.

C.Aneducationist.D.Acompanyboss.

7.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?

A.RubikpopularizedSTEAMactively.

B.Rubiktriedtosellmoretoyproducts.

C.Rubikworkedhardonartseducation.

D.RubikpromotedRubik,scubecourse.

C

Back-to-backtyphoonsthatattackedreefs（礁）andturnedcoralsupsidedownhitin2014and

2015inAustraliasea,whichruinedthecoralecosystem.

Feeling"absolutelyshocked,'*StephenSimpson,abiologistattheUniversityofBristohdecided

tochannelhissorrowintoaction.In2017,hepiledupcoralremainstobuilddozensofnew

smallreefs.Heplacedspeakersnearbytoplayrecordingsmadewhenthereefswerehealthy.

"AsIwish,twiceasmanyyoungfishsettledonthereefsnearthesespeakers11,hesays.

Inanewpaper,BrittanyWilliams,agraduatestudentattheUniversityofAdelaidejeviewed

projectsthatusedsoundtohelprestoremarine（海洋的）ecosystems.',Wewantedtoprovethat

soundhasgreatpotential",shesays.Thatpotentialarisesfromthefactthatahealthyoceanis

noisy：fishwhistle,dolphinsscream,andspinylobstersplaytheirfeelerlikeviolins.Likethe

noiseofabigcity,thefamiliarsoundofahealthyhabitatattractsyoungcreaturesthatare

seekingapermanenthome.

Theexperimentsshowedthatsoundisoneofthesignalsbabyfishusetofindandsettleona

coralreefafterspendingtheirfirstweeksswimmingintheopenocean."Werealizedthatthe

fishmightbehearingtheirwayhome,,'saysWilliams.

Inexperimentsbegunduringherpostgraduatedegree,Williamsputoysters（牡蠣）intojarsand

playedsomeofthemarecordingfromawastelandwhereanoysterreefusedtobe.Other

oysterswereplayednothing,whileathirdgroupheardthesoundofarestoredreef.Theoysters

thatheardtherestoredreefwereabouttwiceaslikelyastheotherstosettleandattach

themselvesatthebottomofthejar.

8.WhatwouldSimpsonwanttoachievewhentakingactiononthereefs?

A.Playingrecordingsforfishes.

B.Makingtheseapeacefulagain.

C.Creatinglargerandnewerreefs.

D.Rebuildingthereefcommunity.

9.WhatisahealthymarineecosystemlikeinWilliams1Sopinion?

A.Seaanimalsheartheirwayhome.

B.Reefsarestrongandlargeenough.

C.Theoceanisnoisywithvarioussounds.

D.Seaanimalshavetheirpermanenthabitats.

10.Whatmaybevitalforensuringthefutureoftheoceanaccordingtotheresearch?

A.Sound.B.Reefs.C.Climate.D.Humans.

11.What,stheauthor'spu?poseinwritingthepassage?

A.Tourgepeopletoprotectsealiferightaway.

B.Toshowthemagicuseofseaanimals1sound.

C.Tointroduceawaytorestoremarineecosystem.

D.Toremovetheworriesofecosystemgettingworse.

D

Today,about10%oftheworld'spopulationareleft-handed.Archeologicalevidenceshowsthat

it,sbeenthatwayforaslongas500,000years,withabout10%ofhumanremainsshowingthe

associateddifferencesinarmlengthandbonedensity（密度）,andsomeancienttoolsand

artifactsshowingevidenceofleft-handuse.

Arecentmathematicalmodelsuggeststhattheactualrateofhandednessreflectsabalance

betweencompetitiveandcooperativepressuresonhumanevolution.

Thebenefitsofbeingleft-handedareclearestinactivitiesinvolvinganopponent,likecombat

（格4*）orcompetitivesports.Forexample,about50%oftophittersinbaseballhavebeenIeft-

handed.Why?Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedandleft-handed

competitorswillspendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainstrighties.Sowhen

thetwofaceeachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthisright-handedopponent.

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Theimbalanceinthepopulationresultsinanadvantageforleft-handedfightersorathletes,but

accordingtotheprinciplesofevolution,groupsthathavearelativeadvantagedisappears.!f

peoplewereonlyfightingandcompetingthroughouthumanevolution,naturalselectionwould

leadtomoreIeftiesbeingtheonesthatsurviveduntilthereweresomanyofthemthattheywere

nolongerrare.

Soinapurelycompetitiveworld,50%ofthepopulationwouldbeleft-handed.Buthuman

evolutionhasbeenshapedbycooperation?aswellasCompetitionJngolf,whereperformance

doesn'tdependontheopponent,only4%oftopplayersareleft-handed.Andmanyofthe

importantinstruments（器械）thathaveshapedsocietyweredesignedfortheright-handed

majority.Becauseleftiesareworseatusingthesetools,andsufferfromhigheraccident

rates,theywouldbelesssuccessfulinapurelycooperativeworld,eventuallydisappearingfrom

thepopulation.

12.Whatinfluencestheactualrateofhandednessaccordingtothetext?

A.Thetotalpopulationinthearea.

B.Theinstrumentsinhuman'slife.

C.Human'sarmlengthandbonedensity.

D.Competitiveandcooperativepressures.

13.Whydoleftiesbenefitmoreincompetitivesports?

A.Becausetheypractiseharder.

B.Becausetheyarebetterprepared.

C.Becausetheiropponentsarerighties.

D.Becausehalfoftheathletesarelefties.

14.Whatcanweinferaboutleftiesfromthetext?

A.Left-handuseisnatural.

B.Leftieswinmoreinsports.

C.Handednesschangeseasily.

D.Leftiesdon'tlikecooperation.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.AretheLeft-handedMorePopular?

B.HowtheLeft-handedBenefitMore?

C.WillLeftiesDisappearintheFuture?

D.WhyAreSomePeopleLeft-handed?

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）

IsItSafetoEatSnow?

There,snothingquitelikeafreshblanketofpure,whitesnow.Greatfor

sledding,snowballs,fort-building-andmaybeevendessert?Beforeyoutakeabigbiteofthe

whitestuff,let'stalkaboutwhatcouldbeintheflakes(雪片).(1).Whenitgetscold,moisture

(水分)intheairfreezesintotiny,beautifulcrystalsthatdriftdownfromthesky.

(2).Forexample,ifsnowhasbeenremovedfromasidewalkorastreet,itmightcontainrock

saltwithcertainchemicals,whichhelpicemeltatlowtemperature.Unfortunately,those

chemicalscanalsomakeyousickifyoueatthem,soyoudefinitelydon'twanttoeatanysnow

that'sbeenshoveled(鏟掉).

Youshouldnevertakesmallbitesonanysnownearbirdfeedersoranimaltracks.(3),

squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogsforexample,itmaycarrysomethingnotsafetoyou.Brown

snowisOfflimitsforthesamereasonyouwouldn'twanttotasteamudpie.Andifthatsnow

looksyellow,well,let'sjustsayit'sunlikelytobelemon-flavored.

OK,sowhataboutfreshlyfallensnow?(4),Butactually,becausesnowcantakeinpollutants

onthewaydown,thefirsthourortwoofasnowfallactslikeabrushfortheair.Scientistshave

foundthatnewsnowcancontainstrangestuffincludingpesticides,ashesandevendirt.

Allofthesethingsarefoundatextremelylowlevels.Thatmeansit,stechnicallysafetoeat.But

it,salsogoodtoknowthatifyoujustwaitafewhoursandthenhaveamealonthesnowthat

pilesupmidwaythroughastorm,you'llhavethebestchanceofeatingnothingmorethan

pure,frozen,skywater.(5)!

A.Snowismostlywater

B.Let,stakeacloselook

C.Trynottohaveanytasteofthesnow

D.Butsnowcanalsocontainothersubstances

E.Becausesnowcanactlikeapathwayforanimals

F.Onebiteandyou,llbehopingspringnevercomes

G.Thatshouldbethesafest,yummiestfrozenwatertoeat

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

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17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

ERFG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

ThescarsthatPatRribblecarriedthroughlifewereformednearly50yearsago,inflicted(欺

負)byfellowstudentsinWoodland,who(21)himbecausehewasdifferent.

Patnever(22)orhadchildrenaftergraduating.Heneverhada(23),onlyaseriesofjobs.Now65,

Patappears(24)wiιhhislonggrayhairandbeard,whomyoumightcrossthestreetto(25).BuUto

talkwithhimreveals(展現(xiàn)出)a(26)side.Hespeaksquietly,measuringhiswordsto(27)his

weakness,forwhichothersonceseizeduponto(28)him.

In2021,whenCareyJim,PafsClassmateJearnedPat(29)toattendhishighsch∞lclass's

party(30)he,dbeenhurtinschool,he(31).,,Pathaditrougherthantherestofus."Days

later,CareyfoundPat,s(32)andcalled.Patanswered.,,Wetalkedaboutthe(33)things,andthe

goodthingstoo,,'Patsaid.',Carey,sloveand(34)caughtmeunexpectedly,πAfterthat,Carey

askedallhis(35)tocallPat.Andsotheydid.Theymadea(36)thattheywouldn'tlosetrackof

Pat,andtheyhave(37)itforovertenyears.Everyweek,oneormoreofthemcallPattoseehow

he,sdoing.

Therecoveryofthe(38)fromthepasthasallowedPattolooktothe(39).,'I,11beatthenextparty,

υhesays."Theseguys???"Hepauses,stifling(強忍)(40).,,Let,sjustsaythateveryoneneeds

peopleliketheseguysintheirlives.

21.A.amusedB.targetedC.inspiredD.criticised

22.A.resistedB.regrettedC.maπiedD.appeared

23.A.careerB.familyC.friendD.complaint

24.A.toughB.coolC.optimisticD.confident

25.A.hugB.avoidC.greetD.follow

26.A.selfishB.matureC.braveD.gentle

27.A.coverB.ignoreC.expressD.change

28.A.fightB.helpC.hurtD.protect

29.A.promisedB.expectedC.decidedD.refused

30.A.afterB.becauseC.thoughD.evenif

31.A.feltgreatB.becameannoyed

C.fellsilentD.lookeddisappointed

32.A.addressB.houseC.photoD.number

33.A.unimportantB.unbelievableC.unforgettableD.unpleasant

34.A.punishmentB.explanationC.kindnessD.questions

35.A.teachersB.familiesC.classmatesD.colleagues

36.A.planB.promiseC.requireD.comment

37.A.keptB.discussedC.rememberedD.promoted

38.A.lossB.weaknessC.illnessD.wounds

39.A.pastB.futureC.situationD.truth

40.A.tearsB.joyC.painD.anger

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.Twovegetarianmealseachday.Amonthlybudgetof200yuan.Workingjustoneortwo

monthsayear.InApril,anInternet(1)(use)postedthisbriefdescriptionofhis

simple,stress-freelife.Hedescribedhisphilosophy(2)Tangping.πIcanbelike

Diogenes,whosleptinhiswinecask(桶)inthesun,,'hewrote.

Thepostspread(3)(crazy).Onsocialmedia,peopleshowedtheirapprovalof

Tangpingbysharingpicturesofthemselves(and,often,theircats)(4)(lie)

inbed.Morethan60%ofover240,000respondentstoapoll(民意測評)OnWeibo,said

Tangpingwastheirideaofthegoodlife.

Tangping(5)(describe)alongingtoescapethepressureofmodemlifein

China,whereyoungpeople(6)(expect)toworklonghours,buyproperty,get

maπ*iedandhavechildren.Manypeopleintheir20sand30sgrumble(抱怨)thathard

worknolongerrewardsthemwitha(7)(good)qualityoflife.Theyhaveadopted

anacademicterm,neijuanor"involution1',todescribehowextrainputnolongerproduces

moreoutput.

(8)academicfromTsinghuaUniversitythoughtofTangpingtobe"extremely

第8頁，共21頁

irresponsible1'."Theonlyway(9)(ensure)ahappylifeisworkinghard,πsaid

acommentaryinonenewspaper,"thisattitudedisappointsone,sparents(10)

hundredsofmillionsoftaxpayersaswell".

五、短文改錯(本大題共1小題，共I(H)分)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中

共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(Λ),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在其下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Lastyear,!wasfilledwithsadnessafterlosingmygrandpa.!awakeearlyonthenewyear's

morningbutyetcouldn'tgobacktosleep.ThenIgotupandsleepywenttothedrawer

whereIusedtostoremyboxedcard.Atapewasinthedrawer!!hadnoideathatwason

it.SoIputitontheplayerandsoonheardmygrandpa'svoicesay,"MydearKyIelYour

giftsarealreadypreparing."HiswordsonthetapeweresuchheartfeltthatIknewIcould

havesmileinmyheartthatmorning.

六、書面表達(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)

某英語雜志文明專欄向中學(xué)生征文，討論公共場所的殘疾人設(shè)施建設(shè)情況。請你以“Care

fortheDiSabIed"為題目，寫一篇短文參加征文。內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹你身邊的殘疾人設(shè)施建設(shè)情況；

2.分析原因并提出倡議。

注意：

L詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

CarefortheDisabled

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、C

【解析】（I）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AralSea部分的AraloCCUPiedaVaStareaOfabOUt68,

000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,butitsareahasbeenconstantlyreducingoverthepas

ttwocenturiesandtodayit'sbelievedtobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.（咸海曾長期占

據(jù)約68,000平方公里的廣闊區(qū)域,但在過去的兩個世紀里，它的面積一直在不斷縮小，

今天它的面積據(jù)信還不到原來的10%。）可知，咸海變得越來越小。故選A。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)DeadSea部分的TheeleVation（海拔）oftheDeadSea's

shoresisthelowestanditalsoenjoysthelittleofbeingtheworld'sdeepesthypersalinelake.

（死海海岸的海拔是最低的，它也是世界上最深的高鹽湖。）可知，死海的特別之處是

擁有最低的海岸。故選C。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)SeaofGaIilee部分的

TheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith"sea"initsname.（力口利利海是一個淡水湖，名

字中有"海"字。）以及ErhaiLake部分的isoneofthesevenbiggestfreshwaterlakesinChina.

（是中國七大淡水湖之一。）可知，它們都是淡水湖，因此其共同點在含鹽量方面。結(jié)

合選項ASize.尺寸；BShape.形狀；CsaltCOntent.含鹽量；DElevation.海拔。故選C。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了世界上四個被稱作海洋的湖泊。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項填寫出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】BxDxDxA

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段

Asaprofessorofarchitectureaimingathelpinghisstudentsunderstand3Dgeometry（幾何）,

EmoRubikcreatedapuzzlethatwouldcapture（激發(fā)）

theimaginationofgenerationstocome-theRUb汰'scube.（作為想幫助學(xué)生理解3D幾何的

建筑學(xué)教授，厄恩?魯比克創(chuàng)造了一個能激發(fā)幾代人想象力的謎題一一魔方）可知，他

創(chuàng)造魔方是為了幫助學(xué)生理解3D幾何，也就是幫助自己的教學(xué)。故選B。

（2）D.推理判斷題,,根據(jù)第二段Inthefirstthreeyearsthatthecubewaslicensedtoan

Americancompany,itsold100millioncopiesaroundtheworld.（在這個魔方被授權(quán)給一家

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美國公司的頭三年里，它在全球售出了1億份）可推斷，魔方引起了世界極大的轟動。

故選D。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Heisalsoastaunch（忠實的）advocateforSTEM

（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）andartseducationandencourageshis

OWnComPanyandotherStotaketheIead.（他也是STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）和

藝術(shù)教育的堅定倡導(dǎo)者，并鼓勵他自己的公司和其他公司發(fā)揮帶頭作用）和最后一段”

andmycompanyhavetriedtohelp.（我和我的公司已經(jīng)盡力幫忙了）"可推斷，文章主要

介紹了魯比克作為公司老板的情況。故選D。

（4）A.段落大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段HeiSalSoaStaUnCh（忠實的）advocateforSTEM

（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）andartseducationandencourageshis

owncompanyandotherstotakethelead.（他也是STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）和

藝術(shù)教育的堅定倡導(dǎo)者，并鼓勵他自己的公司和其他公司發(fā)揮帶頭作用）和最后一段I

andmycompanyhavetriedtohelp.We'veintroducedthe（YouCANDotheRubik'sCube'

coursetohundredsofschoolsacrosstheUnitedStatesandareexpandingitelsewheretohelp

studentstoIeaminanengaging,interactive,practicalway."（我和我的公司已經(jīng)盡力幫忙了。

我們已經(jīng)在美國各地的數(shù)百所學(xué)校推出了“你能做魔方”課程，并將其推廣到其他地方,

以幫助學(xué)生以一種吸引人的、互動的、實用的方式學(xué)習(xí)。“）可知，最后兩段主要介紹

了魯比克在積極地推廣STEAM0故選A0

本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了魔方的創(chuàng)始人一一厄爾諾?魯比克，魯比克認為藝

術(shù)是教育的重要組成部分，建議學(xué)生能以吸引人的、互動的、實用的方式學(xué)習(xí)。

I.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原

文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言

表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題

是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

8~11.【答案】D、A、A、C

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段句子BaCk-to-backIyPhoonSthatattaCkedreefS

（礁）

andIumedcoralsupsidedownhitin2014and2015inAustraliasea,whichruinedthecoralec

osystem.（襲擊珊瑚礁的背靠背臺風(fēng)（礁）2014年和2015年，澳大利亞海的珊瑚礁被

翻了個底朝天，破壞了珊瑚生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。）和第二段

Feeling"absolutelyshocked,"StephenSimpson,abiologistattheUniversityofBristoLdecide

dtochannelhissorrowintoaction.（布里斯托爾大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家斯蒂芬?辛普森感到"絕對

震驚”，決定將他的悲傷轉(zhuǎn)化為行動。）可推斷他是想重新家里珊瑚礁生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。所以

D選項：Rebuildingthereefcommunity.（重建珊瑚礁社區(qū)。）是他采取行動需要實現(xiàn)的

東西，故選D。

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段句子

Likethenoiseofabigcity,thefamiliarsoundofahealthyhabitatattractsyoungcreaturestha

tareseekingapermanenthome.（就像大城市的噪音一?樣，健康棲息地的熟悉聲音吸引著

尋找永久家園的年輕生物。）可知威廉姆斯認為健康的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是海洋動物通過聲

音聽到回家的路。故選A。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段

Theexperimentsshowedthatsoundisoneofthesignalsbabyfishusetofindandsettleona

coralreefafterspendingtheirfirstweeksswimmingintheopenocean."Werealizedthatthe

fishmightbehearingtheirwayhome,"saysWilliams.（實驗表明，聲音是幼魚在公海中游

泳最初幾周后發(fā)現(xiàn)并定居在珊瑚礁上的信號之一。威廉姆斯說："我們意識到魚可能在

回家的路上聽到了聲音。“）可知未來對于海洋生態(tài)至關(guān)重要的應(yīng)該是聲音。A.Sound

聲音；BReefs珊瑚礁；CClimate氣候；D.Humans人類。故選A。

（4）C.寫作目的題。本文通過StePhenSimPSon利用聲音對珊瑚礁生態(tài)的修復(fù)取得的成

效和威廉姆斯利用聲音對海洋生活的實驗，可知作者寫作的目的是想告訴我們利用海洋

的聲音可以恢復(fù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的方法。A.Tourgepeopletoprotectsealiferightaway.敦促

人們立即保護海洋生物。B.Toshowthemagicuseofseaanimals'sound.展示海洋動物聲

音的神奇用途。C.TointroduceawaytorestoremarineecoSyStem.引入一種恢復(fù)海洋生態(tài)

系統(tǒng)的方法。D.ToremovetheworriesofecosystemgettingWorSe.消除生態(tài)系統(tǒng)惡化的擔(dān)

憂。故選C。

本文通過StephenSimpson利用聲音對珊瑚礁生態(tài)的修復(fù)取得的成效和威廉姆斯利用聲

音對海洋生活的實驗，告訴我們利用海洋的聲音可以恢復(fù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的方法。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作

者觀點。

第12頁，共21頁

12~15.【答案】D、C、B、C

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段

Arecentmathematicalmodelsuggeststhattheactualrateofhandednessreflectsabalancebet

weencompetitiveandcooperativepressuresonhumanevolution.（最近的一個數(shù)學(xué)模型表明，

實際的利手率反映了人類進化中競爭和合作壓力之間的平衡。）可知根據(jù)文章，影響實

際的利手率的是競爭和合作壓力。故選D。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedandleft-handedcompetitorsw?

11spendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainstrighties.Sowhenthetwoface

eachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthisright-handedopponent.（因為左撇子

一開始只是少數(shù)，無論是右撇子還是左撇子的競爭對手都會把大部分時間花在與右撇子

的對抗和練習(xí)上。所以當兩人面對面時，左撇子更有可能贏得這個右撇子對手。）可知

左撇子在競技體育中受益更多是因為他們的對手是右撇子。故選Co

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedandleft-handedcompetitorswi

Ilspendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainstrighties.Sowhenthetwoface

eachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthisright-handedopponent.（因為左撇子

一開始只是少數(shù)，無論是右撇子還是左撇子的競爭對手都會把大部分時間花在與右撇子

的對抗和練習(xí)上。所以當兩人面對面時，左撇子更有可能贏得這個右撇子對手。）可知

左撇子在運動中贏得更多。故選B。

（4）C.推理判斷題。閱讀全文可知本文主要介紹了左撇子在一些運動中的優(yōu)勢，以及

說明了由于競爭和合作壓力左撇子將會消失。所以C.WillLeftiesDisappearintheFuture?

（左撇子將來會消失嗎？）為最佳標題。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了左撇子在一些運動中的優(yōu)勢，以及說明了由于競爭和合

作壓力左撇子將會消失。

做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

16~20.【答案】AxDsExGxF

［解析］⑴A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Whenitgetscold,moisture（水分）intheairfreezes

intotiny,beautifulcrystalsthatdriftdownfromthesky.（當天氣變冷時，空氣中的水分凍

結(jié)成微小美麗的晶體，從天空飄落下來。）提及水如何變成雪，由此可知，空處指出雪

的主要成分是水，A項：Snowismostlywater（雪主要是水。）符合語境。故選A。

（2）D.邏輯關(guān)系題。由后文Forexample,ifsnowhasbeenremovedfromasidewalkora

street,itmightcontainrocksaltwithcertainchemicals,whichhelpicemeltatlowtemperature.

（例如，如果人行道或街道上的雪被清除，其中可能含有某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的巖鹽，這有助

于冰在低溫下融化。）可知雪里面可能包其它物質(zhì)，說明雪里面可能不單單是水，D項：

Butsnowcanalsocontainothersubstances（但雪也可能含有其他物質(zhì)）符合語境，是對

下文的總結(jié)。故選D。

（3）E.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Youshouldnevertakesmallbitesonanysnownearbird

feedersoranimaltracks.（千萬不要在靠近喂食器或動物足跡的雪地上吃雪。）指出不要

在靠近喂食器或動物足跡的雪地上吃雪，空處應(yīng)該是承接上文，對上文做出解釋，即為

什么不能在靠近喂食器或動物足跡的雪地上吃雪，E選項：Becausesnowcanactlikea

pathwayforanimals（因為雪可以作為動物的通道。）符合，且下文

squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogsforexample,itmaycarrysomethingnotsafetoyou.（例如

松鼠、鳥、鄰居家的狗，它們可能會攜帶對你不安全的東西。）中的

squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogs與E項的animals相對應(yīng)。故選Eo

（4）G.推理判斷題。由下文Butactually,becausesnowcantakeinpollutantsontheway

down,thefirsthourortwoofasnowfallactslikeabrushfortheair.（但實際上，因為降雪過

程中會吸收污染物，所以降雪的頭一兩個小時就像是空氣的刷子。）和BUtaCtUany可

知，空出應(yīng)該和下文描述的內(nèi)容相反，下文描述剛下的雪是不安全的，由此可知，空處

應(yīng)該敘述剛下的雪應(yīng)該是安全的，G項：Thatshouldbethesafest,yummiestfrozenwaterto

eat（這應(yīng)該是最安全、最美味的冷凍水。）符合語境。故選G。

（5）F.推理判斷題。由前文Butit'salsogoodtoknowthatifyoujustwaitafewhoursand

thenhaveamealonthesnowthatpilesupmidwaythroughaStorm,you'∏havethebestchance

ofeatingnothingmorethanpure,frozen,skywater.（但是，如果你只是等幾個小時，然后

在暴風(fēng)雪中段堆積的積雪上吃頓飯，你就有最好的機會只吃純凈、冰凍的天空水。）可

知，當你吃上最干凈的雪時，那是一種幸福的感覺，就不會希望春天到來。F項：Onebite

andyou,llbehopingspringnevercomes（只要咬一口，你就會希望春天永遠不會到來。）

符合語境。故選F。

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了為什么人們不能直接吃雪的原因。

“七選五”這樣的題型，主要目的在于考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯

意義的理解和掌握。