走進(jìn)大師

ThethreegeniusesofRenaissanceLeonardodaVinci,Michelangelo,RaffaelloSanzio走進(jìn)大師1LeonardodaVinciLeonardodaVinciPainterLeonardodiserPierodaVinciwasanItalianRenaissancepolymath:painter,sculptor,architect,musician,mathematician,engineer,inventor,anatomist,geologist,cartographer,botanist,andwriter.

WikipediaBorn:

April15,1452,

Vinci,ItalyDied:

May2,1519,

Amboise,FrancePeriod:

HighRenaissanceBuried:

ChapelofSaint-HubertParents:

CaterinadaVinciLeonardodaVinciLeonardodaV2LeonardodaVinci,MichelangeloandRaphaelarethreeofthegreatestartistsinhistory.Buttheywerealsopeoplewithideasandvisionsthatreachedfarbeyondtheworldofart.Theywerealsobitterrivals,competingforbothcommissionsandfame.Allthreebecameimmortal.Everynowandthen,onrareoccasions,anexhibitionofoneofthesethreeItalianRenaissanceartistsisorganizedsomewhereintheworld.Thereisalwaysenormousinterestinsuchanevent.Thenameoftheartist,thepricelessworksandallthepublicitymakepeoplefromaroundtheworldqueueoutsidemuseumsandgalleries.

Thethreerivalsarenowworkingandtravelingtheworldtogether.Thisisthefirsttimethishashappenedandtheonlytimeintheforeseeablefuture.Probablytheonlytimeinourlifetime.

LeonardodaVinci,Michelangel3LeonardodaVinci

LeonardodaVinci(1452–1519)wastheoldestofthethreemasters.HetookupanapprenticeshipwithasculptorandpainterinFlorenceatayoungageandissaidtohavesurpassedhisteacherintheartofpaintingveryquickly.

Ifanyonecanbecalledauniversalgenius,itisLeonardo.Hewasnotonlyoneofthebestpainterstheworldhaseverseen.Hewasalsoaninventor,anarchitect,anengineerandascientist,inmostcaseswithideasthatwerewayaheadoftheirtime.Asifthiswasnotenough,heisalsosaidtohavebeenphysicallystrongandtohavehadagoodsingingvoiceandanattractiveappearance.

AlthoughthereareveryfewauthenticpaintingsbyLeonardo,hewasresponsibleforsomeoftheworld’smostbrilliantworks.TheMonaLisaandthefrescotheLastSupperarethebestknown.LeonardodaVinci

LeonardodaVinci

LeonardodaVinci

Leonardoda4TheMonaLisaTheMonaLisa5TheMonaLisa

waspaintedbyLeonardoDaVinci,circa1503-1505.Themediumisoilonpanel.ItiscurrentlypartoftheMuseedeLouvrecollectioninParisFrance.

AlthoughthesubjectisoftendebatedthearthistorianGeorgioVasarihasidentifiedthesubjectasLisaDeGirardo,whowasaround25whenitwaspainted.

ThenameMonaLisacomesfromashorteningoftheItalianMadonnameaningladyandLisathefirstnameofthesubject.Partofthereasonthisworkissofamousisbecauseofthepaintingsprovenance,afterLeonardoDaVincipaintedit,hekeptitinhispersonalcollectionuntilhisdeath,atwhichpointitbecameapartoftheroyalcollectionFrancisthe1st.FromtheroyalcollectioniswasobtainedbytheLouvRatherthanportrayingherasabust,hepaintedherashalflengthportraittoshowherhandsaswellasherface.Ratherthanfocusingonjewelrytodisplayherwealth,hefocusesonherfashionablyhighforehead.

TheMonaLisa'smysteriousarchaicsmileisbasedonportrayalsofyouthfromclassicantiquities.Whichwasmeanttoshowlifeinthesubject.文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期三大文學(xué)巨匠英文介紹課件6Thefamouspaintingintheworld,istherepresentativeworkofDaVinci.Althoughdepictsacitybusinessman'swife,Florence,butDaVincishowarichinthebeautyofhumannatureandtheidealimageofbeautyoflife.DaVincitoconsummateskillsandsuperbwritingskills,theMonaLisathatcharmingyouthbeautyiseternalandvividlyinthepicture.Thispaintingisasarichhumanismspiritpainting,feelingthepeopleinthereallifeandartisticcreationofrealisticmeansclosetogether,andshowedahavethoughtliberationeracharacteristicsandscientificspiritofartThefamouspaintinginthewor7theLastSuppertheLastSupper8TheLastSupper

(Italian:

IlCenacolo

or

L'UltimaCena)isalate15thcentury

mural

paintingby

LeonardodaVinci

intherefectoryoftheConventof

SantaMariadellaGrazie,

Milan.Theworkispresumedtohavebeencommencedaround1495andwascommissionedaspartofaschemeofrenovationstothechurchanditsconventbuildingsbyLeonardo'spatron

LudovicoSforza,

DukeofMilan.Thepaintingrepresentsthesceneof

TheLastSupper

of

Jesus

withhisdisciples,asitistoldinthe

GospelofJohn,13:21.Leonardohasdepictedtheconsternationthatoccurredamongthe

TwelveDisciples

whenJesusannouncedthatoneofthemwouldbetrayhim.TheLastSupper

(Italian:

IlCenacolo

or

L'UltimaCena)isalate15thcentury

mural

paintingby

LeonardodaVinci

intherefectoryoftheConventof

SantaMariadellaGrazie,

Milan.Theworkispresumedtohavebeencommencedaround1495andwascommissionedaspartofaschemeofrenovationstothechurchanditsconventbuildingsbyLeonardo'spatron

LudovicoSforza,

DukeofMilan.Thepaintingrepresentsthesceneof

TheLastSupper

of

Jesus

withhisdisciples,asitistoldinthe

GospelofJohn,13:21.Leonardohasdepictedtheconsternationthatoccurredamongthe

TwelveDisciples

whenJesusannouncedthatoneofthemwouldbetrayhim.TheLastSupper

(Italian:

IlC9文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期三大文學(xué)巨匠英文介紹課件10《最后的晚餐》作品比較(1495-1498)(1592-1594)(1464-1467)(1447-1449)(1308-1311)(1863)(1480)(1630)(1955)《最后的晚餐》作品比較(1495-1498)(1592-1511TheLastSupper

measures460

cm×

880

cm(180

in×

350

in)andcoversanendwallofthedininghallatthemonasteryof

SantaMariadelleGrazie

inMilan,

Italy.Thethemewasatraditionaloneforrefectories,althoughtheroomwasnotarefectoryatthetimethatLeonardopaintedit.Themainchurchbuildinghadonlyrecentlybeencompleted(in1498),butwasremodeledby

Bramante,hiredby

LudovicoSforza

tobuildaSforzafamilymausoleum.[1]

ThepaintingwascommissionedbySforzatobethecenterpieceofthemausoleum.[2]

Thelunettes

abovethemainpainting,formedbythetriplearchedceilingoftherefectory,arepaintedwith

Sforza

coats-of-arms.Theoppositewalloftherefectoryiscoveredbythe

Crucifixion

frescoby

GiovanniDonatodaMontorfano,towhichLeonardoaddedfiguresoftheSforzafamilyintempera.(Thesefigureshavedeterioratedinmuchthesamewayashas

TheLastSupper.)Leonardobeganworkon

TheLastSupper

in1495andcompleteditin1498—hedidnotworkonthepaintingcontinuously.Thebeginningdateisnotcertain,asthearchivesoftheconventfortheperiodhavebeendestroyedandadocumentdated1497indicatesthatthepaintingwasnearlycompletedatthatdate.[3]

OnestorygoesthatapriorfromthemonasterycomplainedtoLeonardoaboutthedelay,enraginghim.Hewrotetotheheadofthemonastery,explaininghehadbeenstrugglingtofindtheperfectvillainousfaceforJudas,andthatifhecouldnotfindafacecorrespondingwithwhathehadinmind,hewouldusethefeaturesofthepriorwhocomplained.TheLastSupper

measures460

c12TheBattleofAnghiariTheBattleofAnghiari

(1505)isacurrentlylostpaintingby

LeonardodaVinci,attimesreferredtoas"TheLostLeonardo",whichsomecommentatorsbelievetobestillhiddenbeneathoneofthelater

frescoes

inthe

SalonedeiCinquecento

(HalloftheFiveHundred)inthe

PalazzoVecchio,

Florence.Itscentralscenedepictedfourmenridingraging

warhorses

engagedinabattleforpossessionofa

standard,attheBattleofAnghiari

in1440.ManypreparatorystudiesbyLeonardostillexist.Thecompositionofthecentralsectionisbestknownthroughadrawingby

PeterPaulRubens

inthe

Louvre,

Paris.Thiswork,datingfrom1603andknownas

TheBattleoftheStandard,wasbasedonanengravingof1553by

LorenzoZacchia,whichwastakenfromthepaintingitselforpossiblyderivedfromacartoonbyLeonardo.Rubenssucceededinportrayingthefury,theintenseemotionsandthesenseofpowerthatwerepresumablypresentintheoriginalpainting.Similaritieshavebeennotedbetweenthis

BattleofAnghiari

andthe

HippopotamusHunt

paintedbyRubensin1616.InMarch2012,itwasannouncedthatateamledby

MaurizioSeracini

hasfoundevidencethatthepaintingstillexistsonahiddeninnerwallbehindacavity,underneathasectionofVasari'sfrescointhechamber.[1]

ThesearchwasdiscontinuedinSeptember2012,withoutanyfurtherprogresshavingbeenmade,duetoconflictamongtheinvolvedparties.TheBattleofAnghiariTheBatt13TheBattleofAnghiariTheBattleofAnghiari14VirginoftheRocksVirginoftheRocksPaintingTheVirginoftheRocksisthenameusedfortwopaintingsbyLeonardodaVinci,ofthesamesubject,andofacompositionwhichisidenticalexceptforseveralsignificantdetails.

WikipediaArtist:

LeonardodaVinci

Location:

Louvre

Created:

1483–1486Subject:

BlessedVirginMary

Genre:

HistorypaintingPeriod:

RenaissanceVirginoftheRocksVirginoft15MichelangeloMichelangeloSculptorMichelangelodiLodovicoBuonarrotiSimoni,commonlyknownasMichelangelo,wasanItaliansculptor,painter,architect,poet,andengineeroftheHighRenaissancewhoexertedanunparalleledinfluenceonthedevelopmentofWesternart.WikipediaBorn:

March6,1475,

CapreseMichelangelo,Italy

Died:

February18,1564,

Rome,ItalyFullname:

MichelangelodiLodovicoBuonarrotiSimoniPeriods:

ItalianRenaissance,

HighRenaissance,RenaissanceParents:

LudovicodiLeonardodiBuonarottoSimoni,FrancescadiNeridelMiniatodiSienaMichelangeloMichelangelo16

MichelangeloBuonarroti(1475–1564)wasamasterwiththebrushbutfirstmadehisnameasasculptor.Michelangelo’ssculpturalmasterpiecePietàisinSt.Peter’sBasilicainVaticanCityandhisfour-metertallstatueofDavid,carvedfromasinglepieceofwhitemarble,isinFlorence.

Michelangelofacedhisgreatestchallengeasapainterin1508.PopeJuliusIIcommissionedhimtodecoratetheentireceilingoftheSistineChapelwithfrescoes.IttookMichelangelofouryearstocompletetheworkandthepaintingshavesince(fornearly500years)beensomeofthemostpowerful,outstandingworksinthehistoryofart.

MichelangeloBuonarroti(147517David

David

isa

masterpiece

of

Renaissance

sculpture

createdbetween1501and1504,bytheItalianartist

Michelangelo.Itisa5.17-metre(17.0

ft)[1]

marblestatue

ofastandingmalenude.Thestatuerepresentsthe

Biblical

hero

David,afavouredsubjectintheartof

Florence.[2]

Originallycommissionedasoneofaseriesofstatuesofprophetstobepositionedalongtherooflineoftheeastendof

FlorenceCathedral,thestatuewasinsteadplacedinapublicsquare,outsidethe

PalazzodellaSignoria,theseatofcivicgovernmentinFlorence,whereitwasunveiledon8September1504.Becauseofthenatureoftheherothatitrepresented,itsooncametosymbolizethedefenceofcivillibertiesembodiedinthe

FlorentineRepublic,anindependent

city-state

threatenedonallsidesbymorepowerfulrivalstatesandbythehegemonyoftheMedici

family.TheeyesofDavid,withawarningglare,wereturnedtowards

Rome.[3]Thestatuewasmovedtothe

AccademiaGallery

inFlorencein1873,andlaterreplacedattheoriginallocationbyareplica.David

David

isa

masterpiece

o18David

(Michelangelo)

David

fromtheback

David

seenfromtheleft

David

(Michelangelo)

David

f19GenesisGenesisby"godcreatedtheworld","humandepravity"and"shouldnotbeasacrifice"ofthreeparts,eachsceneissittingaroundthehuge,variousformsofnakedyoung,bothsidesofthemuralisvividthewitch,theprophet,andslaves.Wholepicturegreatmomentums,dynamics,particularlythevaultseemstounabletobearitsweightintrembling.GenesisGenesisby"godcreated20SistineChapelceiling

Painting

TheSistineChapelceiling,paintedbyMichelangelobetween1508and1512,isacornerstoneworkofHighRenaissanceart.

Wikipedia

Artist:

Michelangelo

Location:

SistineChapel

Dimensions:

40.5mx14.0mCreated:

1508–1512Period:

HighRenaissanceMedia:

Plaster,

GoldSistineChapelceiling

Paintin21Pietà

Michelangelo

ThePietàisamasterpieceofRenaissancesculpturebyMichelangeloBuonarroti,housedinSt.Peter'sBasilicainVaticanCity.Itisthefirstofanumberofworksofthesamethemebytheartist.

Wikipedia

Artist:

Michelangelo

Location:

St.Peter'sBasilica

Dimensions:

1.74mx1.95mCreated:

1498–1499Genre:

ChristianartSubject:

Pietà,

BlessedVirginMary,

LamentationofChristPietà

Michelangelo

ThePietài22TheCreationofAdam

Painting

TheCreationofAdamisarguablythemostfamoussectionofMichelangelo'sfrescoSistineChapelceilingpaintedcirca1511–1512.Wikipedia

Artist:

Michelangelo

Location:

SistineChapel

Genre:

HistorypaintingSubject:

Adam

Created:

1511Periods:

ItalianRenaissance,

RenaissanceTheCreationofAdam

Painting

231370x1220cmVaticancourtsithmonasteryinItaly

1370x1220cmVaticancourts24Rafael

RaffaelloSanzio(1483–1520)wasjustasprominentanartistasLeonardoandMichelangelo,butlivedaconsiderablyquieter,moremodestlife.Hewastheyoungestofthethreemasters,workedinFlorenceintheearly16thcenturyandwasheavilyinfluencedbyhistwooldercompatriots.Amongotherthings,Michelangelo’spaintingsontheceilingoftheSistineChapelmadealargeimpressiononRaphael.

RaphaelalsopaintedfrescoesintheVatican.HismuraltheSchoolofAthensportraysmajorphilosopherssuchasPlato,AristotleandPythagorasandoneofthemeninthepaintingissaidtobeMichelangelohimself.

Raphaelwasonly37whenhedied,butdespitehisshortlifehehasexertedamajorinfluenceonart.TheItalianpainterandarthistorianVasariwrotethefollowingaboutRaphael:“Whilewemaytermotherworkspaintings,thoseofRaphaelarelivingthings;thefleshpalpitates,thebreathcomesandgoes,everyorganlives,lifepulsateseverywhere.”RafaelRaffaelloSanzio(1483–25RaphaelPainterRaffaelloSanziodaUrbino,bet