虛擬語氣2023/9/3虛擬語氣2023/8/3概念：虛擬語氣：表示說話人所說的不是事實，而是一種愿望、假設、或推測。2023/9/3概念：2023/8/3一、虛擬語氣在if非真實條件句中

過去式

be--wereshould/would/could/might+dohaddoneshould/would/could/might+havedone過去式（be--were）shoulddoweretodoshould/would/could/might+do2023/9/3一、虛擬語氣在if非真實條件句中過去式shoIfyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.

（過去虛擬）1.如果我是你，我會接受他的建議（現在虛擬）2.如果明天下雨，我會待在家里。（將來虛擬）3.如果你以前好好學習，

你會通過考試的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.Ifitrained（shouldrain/weretorain

）tomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.2023/9/3IfyouhadstudiedhardbeforeYoudidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you______sotired.drove;didn’tgetdrove;wouldn’tgetweredriving;wouldn’tgethaddriven;wouldn’thavegot2023/9/3Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe1.if從句中，省略if，were，had，should可以放在句首，（用于倒裝結構），否定詞not不能放在前面。1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.2.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.3.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,……WereIyou,……Shoulditraintomorrow,…….2023/9/31.if從句中，省略if，were，had，should________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.WillIfitshouldraintomorrow(省略if，用部分倒裝）2023/9/3________itraintomorrow,we2.錯綜時間虛擬語氣當從句與主句時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間作出相應的調整。Ifyou____________(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_________(be)betternow.Ifyou__________(study)hardbefore,you_______(be)acollegestudentnow.hadfollowedwouldbehadstudiedwouldbe2023/9/3hadfollowedwouldbehadstudieIfyou______withGeorgeearlier,you_____soangrynow.talked;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnotbewouldtalk;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnothavebeen2023/9/3Ifyou______withGeorgeearlIfwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_____soseriouslynow.isnotpollutedwouldnotbepollutedhadnotbeenpollutedwouldnothavebeenpolluted2023/9/3Ifwehadtakensucheffective3、含蓄虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣中，并不總是出現if引導的條件句，而通過其它手段來代替條件句。常用的有otherwise

，or

，without，butfor（倘沒有，要不是）等。1.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.2023/9/33、含蓄虛擬語氣1.Iwasillthatday.2.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.3.Without

/Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,…2023/9/32.HetelephonedtoinformmeoWithoutelectricity,humanbeinglife______quitedifferenttoday.iswillbewouldhavebeenwouldbe2023/9/3Withoutelectricity,humanbeiButforhishelp,I______.shouldnothavesucceededhavenotsucceededdidnotsucceedhadnotsucceeded2023/9/3Butforhishelp,I______.202Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.hadscoredscoredwouldscorewouldhavescored2023/9/3HehesitatedforamomentbefoItisstrangethat_______________________.他居然會這樣說，真是奇怪。Itisnecessarythat___________________________.有必要派他去北京。二、虛擬語氣在主語從句中的使用1，It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/impossible…that主語+(should)+動詞原形he(should)saysohebesenttoBeijing2023/9/3Itisstrangethat____________2.Itisapity/ashame/asurprise/

nowonderthat主語+(should)+V原形Itisagreatpitythat___________________.他居然會這樣想，真是一件憾事。he(should)thinkso2023/9/32.Itisapity/ashame/asur3.Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/（1234）+that+主語+(should)+V原形

It’ssuggestedthattheplanshouldbecarriedout.Itissuggestedthat___________________________________________.有人建議，晚會周六舉行。theparty（should）beheldonSaturday

一個堅持insisted兩道命令ordered,commanded

三條建議advised,suggested,proposed四點要求demanded,required,requested,desired2023/9/33.Itis/wassuggested/orderedItisrequiredthatyou____atsix.willarrive

B.arrive

C.arrived

D.wouldarrive2.Itisstrangethatthelazyboy_____passtheexam.A.hasB.shouldC.wouldD.might2023/9/32023/8/33.

Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater_____cleaner.

A.shouldbemade

B.ismade

C.wouldbemade

D.wasmade2023/9/33.Itisnecessarythatourdr三.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用1.在wish引導的賓語從句中過去時（were）過去完成時、had+donecouldhavedoneShould/would/could/might+動詞原形Iwish(that)he________________(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_________(visit)ustoday.I

wishhe____________________________(visit)usyesterday.

wouldvisitvisitedhadvisited2023/9/3三.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的使用過去時（were）過去完成時、IwishI_____themeetinglastweek.

A.couldattendB.attended

C.haveattendedD.hadattended2023/9/3IwishI_____themeetinglas2.在表示堅持，要求,命令,建議的賓語從句中一個堅持______________兩個命令______________

三個建議__________________________

四個要求__________________________+that主語+（should）+V原形Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)try（try）tolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tell（tell）himthenews.

insistorder,command

advise,suggest,proposedemand,require,request,desire2023/9/32.在表示堅持，要求,命令,建議的賓語從句中一個堅持__注意：suggest:表明，暗示陳述語氣

建議虛擬語氣Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_____（be)ill.Herfriendssuggested

thatshe________________(send)tohospitalimmediately.Insist：堅持說，陳述語氣

堅持要求虛擬語氣Heinsistedthathe____________(notsteal)themoney.Heinsistedthathe_____________(set)free.was(should)besenthadn’tstolen(should)beset2023/9/3注意：was(should)besenthadn’ts3.在wouldrather寧愿wouldprefer

wouldsooner+賓語從句中

hadrather

wouldassoon與現在或將來事實相反過去時動詞過去式/were與過去事實相反過去完成時haddoneIwouldratheryou______(come)herenow.Iwouldratheryou______(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou__________(nottell)methetruthyesterday.camehadn’ttoldcame2023/9/33.在wouldrathercamehadn’ttol四、虛擬語氣的其他用法1.asif/asthough（好像）+從句(與wish一樣)ifonly(要是……就好了）IfonlyI_____(be)abirdIfonlyyou_____________（listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI__________

（be）asuperstarsomeday.Helooksasifhe_________anartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhe_______it.werehadlistenedwouldbewerehadseen2023/9/3四、虛擬語氣的其他用法IfonlyI_____(be2.Itis(high/about)time+(that)從句

動詞過去式

should（不可省略）+do該是某人做某事的時候了。Itishightimethatyougotup/shouldgetup.2023/9/32.Itis(high/about)time+(I’mgettingtired;it’stimewe_____home.A.goB.aregoingC.wentD.shouldbegoing2023/9/3I’mgettingtired;it’stimew3、在forfearthat,incase,lest引導的從句中，若用虛擬語氣時，從句謂語為：（should）+do。并且should能省略（forfearthat，lest），incase不能省略Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief__________(come)in.她又把門檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進入。Hestartedoutearlierlesthe________(be)late.他早早的就出發了以防遲到。(should)come(should)be2023/9/33、在forfearthat,incase,les4、在sothat/inorderthat

所引導的目的狀語從句中，從句中的謂語為：

may(might)can(could)+doshould