大四美國文學期末考試題型及例題：1?選擇/對錯60分（40道選擇，20個對錯）名詞解釋10分（5個）選段配對10分（5個）問答 20分（10/2）歷史：Father/poetess…名作家：Hemingway,Faulkner,Poe,Hawthorne,Emerson3.作品：TheWasteland/MobyDick/ScarletLettera）選擇題（40個，40分）Attheageofreasonandrevolution,AmericanswereinflueneedbytheEuropeanmovementcalledthe .ChartistMovement B.RomanticistMovementC.EnlightenmentMovement D.ModernistMovementWhichisNOTconnectedtoBenjaminFranklin? Hewasborninapoorfamily.Hewasapiouspuritan.HewasphrasedasJackofalltrades'.Hewasamasterofdiplomacy.ErnestHemingwayisnotedforthefollowingEXCEPT .LostGenerationIcebergtheoryAmericanDreamCodeHeroesWhichcharacterisNOTfromTheScarletLette? HesterPrynneRogerChillingworthCaptainAhabPearlJackLondon'ssemi-biographicalnovel wellpresentsthedisillusionmentofAmericanDream.TheAmericanTragedyTheCalloftheWildMartinEdenTheGrapesofWrathb）判斷對錯題（20個，20分）PoesmasterpieceToHelen”iswrittentomemorizehisdeceasedwife（F）ThetoneofAnnabelLee”isoptimisticandhopeful.（F）MarkTwain'snovelJumpingFrogwasanartisticfailure,butitgaveitsnametotheAmericaofthepostbellumperiodwhichitattemptstosatirize.（F）SisterCarrieendedupintragedybecauseshecouldnotcontrolherfa（F.）2名詞解釋題 (5個，10分)ItreferstothereligiousbeliefsheldbythePuritans,whohadintendedto “puriforsimplifythereligiousritualoftheChurchofEngland.TheybelievedintheoriginalsinandtheharshDayofDoom,althoughsomegoodpeople---thechosenpeopleor“theElect--rriaybesaved.Puritanism)Aliterarydoctrinethatcalledfor“realityandtruth1thedepictionofordinarylife.IthadoriginatedinFranceandwasverypopularin19thcentury.Realism)選段配對題 (5個，10分)Fairflower,thatdostsocomelygrow,Hidinthissilent,dullretreat,Untouchedthyhoneyedblossomsblow,Unseenthylittlebranchesgreet:Norovingfootshallcrushtheehere,Nobusyhandprovokeatear.TheWildHoneySuckle(PhilipFreneau)Duringthewholeofadull,darkandsoundlessdayintheautumnoftheyear,whenthecloudhungoppressivelylowintheheavens,Ihadbeenpassingalone,onhorseback,throughasingularlydrearytractofcountry;andatlengthfoundmyself,astheshadesofeveningdrewon,withinviewofthemelancholyHouseofUsher.Iknownothowitwas—but,withthefirstglimpseofthebuilding,asenseofinsufferablegloompervadedmyspirit.TheFalloftheHouseofUsher(EdgarAllanPoe)問答題 (10/2,20分)1.Transcendentalism(a)Transcendentalism(p56){1}Asamoralphilosophy,itexaltedfeelingoverreason,individualexpressionovertherestraintsoflawandcustom.&believedinthetranscendenceoftheoversoul”{2}AliterarymovementflourishinginNewEnglandfromthe1830stotheCivilwar.ItstressesintuitiveunderstandingofGod,withoutthehelpofthechurchandadvocatedindependenceofthemind.TherepresentativewritersareEmersonandThoreau.{b}ThesignificanceofTranscendentalismTranscendentalismexertedadominatingnotionontothemajorwirersoftheRomanticperiodanditsessencehasbeenpermanentlyabsorbedintothemainstreamofAmericanthought.Asamoralphilosophy,TranscendentaliststooktheirideasfromtheromanticliteratureofEurope,fromneo-Platonism,fromGermanidealisticphilosophyandfromtherevelationsofOrientalmysticism.TheyspokeforculturalrejuvenationandagainstthematerialismofAmericansociety.TheybelievedinthetranscendenceoftheOversoul”，anall-pervadingpowerforgoodnessfromwhichallthingscomeandofwhichallthingsareapart.Asaphilosophicalandliterary

movement,TranseendentalismflourishedinNewEnglandfromthe183'totheCivilWar.ItsdoctrinesfoundtheirgreatestliteraryadvocatedinEmerson,whobelievedthatmanwasapartofabsolutegood,andinThoreauwhobehelddivinityintheUnspottedinnocencSofnature.Itwasapowerfulexpressionoftheintellectualmoodoftheage,andtheideasitrepresentedhaveremainedastronginflueneeongreatAmericanwritersfromthedaysofNathanielHawthorneandWaltWhitmantothepresent.TheRoadNotTakenSymbolicmeaningsofTheRoadNotTaken:Inthispoem,theauthorusestworoadsinthewoodstosymbolizethechoicesinthereallife.Theauthorsuggestsusnotbeingafraidtotakeachanee,notfollowingthecrowdandtryingnewthings.Individualismishighlightedinthepoembecausethespeakerchoosestogohisownway,takingtheroadlesstraveled.Cautionisalsotakenbeforedecidingtotaketheroadlesstraveled,forthespeakertakestimetoconsidertheotherroad.Commitmentissymbolizedinthepoembecausethespeakerdoesnothavesecondthoughtsaftermakinghisdecision.Thelastsymbolizedthemeisacceptingachallenge.Itmaybethattheroadthespeakerchoosesislesstraveledbecauseitrepresentstrialsorperils.Suchchallengesseemtoappealtothespeaker.TheRoadNotTakensbeemswiththeobservationofnature,asiftheThispoem,asmanyofFrostpoetisatravelersightseeinginnature.Bytheend,allthesimplewordscondenseintoaseriousproposition:Whenanyoneinlifeisconfrontedwithmakingachoice,inordertopossesssomethingworthwhile,hehastogiveupsomethingwhichseemsaslovelyandvaluableasthechosenone.Then,whateverfollows,hemustaccepttheconsequeneeofhischoiceforitisnotpossibleforhimtoreturntothebeginningandhaveanotherchaneetochoosedifferently.Frostisassertingthatnatureisfairandhonesttoeveryone.Thusallthevarietiesofhumandestinyresultfromeachpersonspontaneouscapabilityofmakingchoices.sbeemswiththeobservationofnature,asiftheForm:Thepoemisveryregularlystructuredwith4classic5-linestanzas,withtherhymescheme “abaab”andineonversationalrhythm.TheGreatGatsbyTheGreatGatsbytheparody戲仿）ofAmericandreamThematically,thenovelisaparodyoftheAmerican dreamasrepresentedbyGatsby'pursuitforwealthandlove.("AmericanDream(derivedthePuritanism)isapopularbeliefthatpeoplecanachievesuccesswhetheritiswealth,fameorlovethroughhonesthardworkinginanewworldofliberty,equality,chancesandpromises(e.g.Franklin,Obama)ItistruethatGatsbyhadahugewealth,butitwasbuiltupthroughillegalmeans—bootlegging.DaisywastheembodimentofloveforGatsby,buttheDaisyinGatsbysillusionwasnottheDaisyinreality amindlessandspiritlesswomanonlywithabeautifulappearanee,whoretreatedtoherboringbutsecurewayofliferatherthanaccepttheresponsibilityatthemomentofcrisisLikeFranklin,Gatsbyalsomadeatimetableandalistofdo'sanddon't”ButunfortunatelyhedidnotknowthatthetimehadchangedTherefore,G'sdreamistarnishedbyhismaterialpossessions,muchlikeAmericaisnowwiththeobsessionwithwealth.Inanycase,Gatsbywouldhavefailedtohisidealisticdreaminevitably,namelydisillusionofAmericandream.TogetherwithMartinEden,itwellpresentsthedisillusionmentofAmericanDream.Mainideas:NickCaraway,thenarratordecidedtoleavehisfamilyintheMidwesttostudybondbusinessinNewYork.HetookasmallhouseatWestEggofLongIslandandbecameaneighborofJayGatsbyamysteriousmanofgreatwealthHeresumedacquaintancewithTomBuchananandhiswifeDaisyatadinnerpartyintheirhomeTherehealsometJordanBaker,anattractivebutarrogantyounglady.HesoonlearnedthattheirmarriagewasnothappyandTomhasamistressMyrtle,wifeofGeorgeWilson,agarageownerintheValleyofAshesAfewdayslaterhewasinvitedtoGatsbysparty.FromGatsbyandlaterfromJordan,NicklearnedoftheloveaffairbetweenDaisyandGatsbybeforeshemarriedTomGatsbythenmadearequestofNicktobringDaisytoteaandmeetGatsby.AtthereunionGatsbychangedfromnervousnesstoexcitementandfromexcitementtoaremotefantasy.AtapartyGatsbygavetotheBuchanansNickandJordan,GatsbyandTomhadafie