第第頁人教版（2023）必修第三冊Unit4SpaceExplorationReadingForWriting課件（共18張PPT）(共18張PPT)

Unit4SpaceExploration

ReadingForWriting

IsExploringSpaceAWasteofTimeAndMoney

NASAmayspend24,801,500,000dollarsin2022

米國航空航天局

TheSputnik1satellitewaslaunchedbytheUSSAon4October______.

Ithastakenmorethan65yearstodevelopspaceexploration.

1957

Freetalk

IsExploringSpaceAWasteof

TimeAndMoney

Thestyleofthearticleis________.

A.Narration(記敘文)

B.Exposition(說明文)

C.Argumentation(議論文)

C

Supposeyouwerethewriter,howwouldyoudevelopthistopic

spaceexploration

famousastronauts

greatscientists

spaceships

Lifeonotherplanets

history

satellites

advantages

disadvantages

Description

Argument

Argumentessaysseektostateapositiononanissueandgiveseveralreasonssupportedbyevidencetodefendthatposition.

Whatisanargumentation

Position:Whatistheauthor’sopiniononthisissue

Reasons:Whydoestheauthorholdthisopinion

Evidence:Howdoestheauthorarguefortheopinion

thesisstatement(中心論點)

arguments

supportingdetails

1.mainideaforeachparagraph

2.thethesisstatementandarguments

Para1

Para2

Para3

Para4

Para5

Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.

Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.

Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.

SomepeoplearguethatweshouldstopHowever,othersfeelthisisashallowview...

Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

Differentviewpoints

Thethesisstatement

Argument1+Evidence

Argument2+Evidence

Argument3+Evidence

Rephrasethethesisstatement

However

Firstly

Secondly

Finally

Inclosing

Readforstructure

Echo

Tip1:Structurethepassagewith

thesisstatement+arguments+evidence

(linkingwords)

Supposeyouwerethewriter,howwouldyoudevelopPara.1

A

B

describethefeaturesofspaceexploration

argueoverthebenefitsorshortcomingsofspaceexploration

Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.Instead,weshouldfeedtheworld’spoorandfindimmediatesolutionstootherproblems,suchaspollutionandfataldiseases.However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus.

Readforwritingtechniques

phenomenon

viewpoint1

viewpoint2

VS

makecontrast

orcomparison

lackindepthofknowledge,thought

usesubjectivewords

tostateyourposition

Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.IthasdirectlyresultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.ThenthedataistransmittedtoscientistsonEarth.Aftercarefulanalysis,thescientistscanprovideusefulrecommendationsandadviceforfarmers.Asaresult,space-basedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfoodtofeedEarth’sincreasingpopulation.

theprocess

exploringspace—______—____–______–fightingagainstworldhunger

Readforwritingtechniques

explaintheprocess

logicalrelationship:Cause&Effect

Cause

Effect

satellites

data

advice

linkingwords

makecontrast/comparison

logicalrelationship:cause&effect

explaintheprocess

...

？

showexamples

giveexplanation/definition

problem-solutionpattern

figuresofspeech修辭(simile/metaphor/personification)

What’stheevidenceforargument1

Arethereanywritingtechiniques

Tip2:Polishthelanguagewith

variouswritingtechniques

Readforwritingtechniques

What’stheevidenceforargument2

Arethereanywritingtechiniques

Secondly,spaceexplorationisalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.High-endproductsaroundtheworldaremadetoahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementsforspaceexploration.Forexample,spacetechnologieshavehelpedtheresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthedoctorsregularlyuse.Todayspacetechnologiesarewidelyusedinallkindsofindustries,andeverydayproductssuchasGPS,memoryfoampillows,andthesmartphonecamerasarechangingourlives.

Readforwritingtechniques

Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanet’sresourcesarelimited.Inordertoprovideforsucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientistsaretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.ThegreatestattentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture,humansmayliveonbothplanets.

What’stheevidenceforargument3

Arethereanywritingtechiniques

IntroductionPara.1DifferentviewpointsSomepeoplearguethat…Instead,…

ThethesisstatementHowever,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailsto….

Writingtechniquesmakecontrast/comparison,subjectiveword

BodyPara.2Argument1Firstly,…madeadifferencein…

EvidenceIthasdirectlyresultedin…Asaresult...

WritingtechniquesCause&Effect,explaintheprocess

Para.3Argument2Secondly,…hasalreadypromoted….

Evidence

Writingtechniques

Para.4Argument3Finally,…hashelped…andeven…

Evidence

Writingtechniques

ConclusionPara.5RephrasethethesisstatementInclosing,…provideswith…therefore...

WritingtechniquesEchothethesisstatement

1.Itisnecessarytofindanewhomeforpeopleinspace,astheresourcesonEarthwillrunout.

2.Exploringspaceencouragesscientiststoimprovetechnologythatcanhelppeopleinotherways,too.

3

Discussandgiveyouownideasaboutspaceexploration.

1.TherearealotofunsolvedmysteriesonEarth.Sowhyarewegoingintospacetoexplore

2.Icannotunderstandspendingallthismoneyonexpensiveresearchandexperimentswhensomanypeopleneedfood.

3

Disccussion

Forspaceexploration

Againstspaceexploration

Isspaceexplorationawasteofmoney

TheYespoints

1.Spaceexplorationgivesusnodirectbenefit.

2.TheEarthitselfisnotfullyexploredyet.

3.Acommercialspaceindustryistakingover.

4.Thenewcrisisonplanetearth:finishyourprioritiesbeforestartingnewones.

TheNopoints

1.Scientificknowledgehasvaluebeyondthemeasurementsofcost.

2.Thecostisn'tactuallyveryhigh.

3.Itisinman'snaturetoexplorehisenvironment.

4.Manydiscoverieshavebeenmadeasaresultofspaceexploration.

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√

√

√

×

×

×

×

Disccussion

IntroductionPara.1Differentviewpoints

Thethesisstatement

Writingtechniques

BodyPara.2Argument1

Evidence

Writingtechniques

Para.3Argument2

Evidence

Writingtechniques

Para.4Argument3

Evidence

Writingtechniques

ConclusionPara.5Rephrasethethesisstatement

Writingtechniques

UsefulExpressions

beinfavorof贊成，支持

beopposedto反對

resultin/leadto/bringabout導致

asfarasIamc