介紹美食的英文文章閱讀□英國飲食文化之早餐篇TodaypeopleintheUKeatamorevarieddietthaneverbefore.AswellastheregionaldietsofEngland,Scotland,Wales,andNorthernIrelandthemanyimmigrantcommunitieshaveintroducedtheircuisinestothepreviouslyunadventurousBritons:Chinese,Greek,Indian,Italian,Thai,Americanfastfoodssuchaspizza,hamburgersandfriedchickenhavetosomeextentdisplacedthetraditionalfastfoodoffishandchips.今天，人們在英國吃了更多樣化的飲食比以往任何時候。以及區域飲食的英格蘭，蘇格蘭，威爾士和北愛爾蘭，許多移民社區介紹了他們的菜以前unadventurous英國人：中國，希臘，印度，意大利，泰國，美國快餐食品，如比薩餅，漢堡包和炸雞已在一定程度上取代傳統的快餐店的炸魚和薯條。BecauseoftheclimateandtheGermanicoriginsofmanyofitsearlypeople,theUKhasbeenatraditionallybeerdrinkingratherthanawinedrinkingcountry.Nevertheless,inrecentyears,vineyardsinthesouthofEnglandhaveprovedsuccessful.InthewestofEnglandthetraditionaldrinkiscider,ratherthanbeer.OverBritainasawhole,however,thetraditionaldrinkistea.由于氣候和日耳曼起源及其早期的許多人，英國一直是傳統上喝啤酒，而不是葡萄酒的飲用國。然而，近年來，葡萄園在英格蘭南部的已證明是成功的。英格蘭西部的傳統飲料是蘋果酒，而不是啤酒。英國作為一個整體，但是，傳統的飲料是茶。今天我們來詳細介紹一下英國的早餐。ThemostfamousmealinBritaincouldbethetraditionalbreakfast.WhatmakesitsopopularwithBritishpeopleandvisitorsalike?在英國最有名的一餐可能就要數早餐了。為什么它會這么受英國人和游客的喜愛呢?英式早餐全餐BritishBreakfast，比其他國家的正餐還要豐富，絕非只有牛角包配果醬咖啡的歐式早餐ContinentalBreakfast可比。這份早餐俗稱thefry-up，因為里面多是煎炸的食物：香腸sausage，腌肉bacon，蘑菇mushroom，番茄tomato。除此之外，還有土司toast，英式烤餅scone，茄汁焗豆bakedbeans等食物?！醭杂⑹皆绮?，雞蛋是不能少的。雞蛋通常有四種烹調方法。Fried煎英國人煎蛋，通常只煎一面，蛋黃生生的，俗稱“太陽蛋”，也就是美國人口中的sunnysideupScrambled炒Boiled煮是把雞蛋連殼直接放進水里煮，熟透的叫做hard-boiled,半熟的叫做soft-boiled口Poached燉是把蛋去殼后用溫水煮，煮出來的蛋內生外熟，形狀不一。英式早餐茶Accountsofitsoriginsvary.DrinkingablendofblackteasforbreakfastisindeedalongstandingBritishcustom.Thepracticeofreferringtosuchablendas"Englishbreakfasttea"appearstohaveoriginatednotinEnglandbutAmerica,asfarbackasColonialtimes.英國人喝早餐茶的習慣事實上是英國長久以來的傳統。只是“英國早餐茶”這一說法卻不是從英國而來的，而是從殖民地時期從美國而來。EnglishBreakfastteaisablackteablendusuallydescribedasfullbodied,robust,and/orrich,andblendedtogowellwithmilkandsugar,inastyletraditionallyassociatedwithaheartyEnglishbreakfast.ItisthemostcommonstyleofteainBritain.英國早餐茶是由集中紅茶以一定比例拼配而成，是一種口味醇厚，香味濃郁的飲品。適合搭配牛奶和糖。與多姿多彩的英式早餐相得益彰。是英國最常見的一種茶。cooking美食之道口Atalocalsupermarket,twowomenpushhalf-filledgrocerycarts.Theladiesaregoodfriends,buttheycouldn'tbemoredifferent.Oneisastay-at-homehousewifewholovestocreateculinarymasterpiecesfromscratch.Theotherisatrainingsupervisorataprestigiousadvertisingagency.Householdchores,particularlythoseinthekitchen,arenotherideaoffun.Thetwoladiesstopforamomentinthefrozenfoodssection."I'msotired,"sighstheprofessionalwoman."Idon'tknowwhattodoaboutsupper."Herfriendsuggests,"Whataboutamicrowavedinner?"Thewearyprofessionalsighs,"No,Idon'tfeellikecookingtonight."IfyouthinkAmericancookingmeansopeningapackageandtossingthecontentsintothemicrowave,thinkagain.Ontheonehand,it'struethatAmericansthriveoncoldcerealforbreakfast,sandwichesforlunchandinstantdinners.Ontheotherhand,manyAmericansrecognizethevalueofcookingskills.MostAmericanswilladmitthatthere'snothingbetterthanagoodhome-cookedmeal.Butwithcooking,aswithanyotherskill,goodresultsdon'thappenbyaccident.Forthosewhoneedguidanceintheircooking,orforthosewhohavejustrunoutofideas,recipesarelifesavers.Recipeslistalltheingredientsforadishgenerallyintheorderused,theamountofeachtouse,andadescriptionofhowtoputthemtogether.FindingrecipesinAmericaisaseasyaspie.Friendsoftenaugmenttheirrecipecollectionbypassingaroundtheirfavoriteswrittenoncards.Forexperiencedcooks,trueartiststhattheyare,recipesaremerelyreferencepoints.Theyoftenmakeadjustmentsastheygoalong,dependingonthequantityofpeopletheyneedtoserve,theingredientstheyhaveavailableandtheirpersonaltaste.Somecooksuserecipesverylittle,preferringinsteadtodependontheirintuitionastheyaddapinchofthisandadashofthattocreatejusttherightflavors.Ofcourse,Americansdon'thaveacorneronthemarketwhenitcomestogoodcooking.Whereveryougointheworld,peoplelovetoeat.Asaresult,everycultureandnationalityhasitsownshareofmouth-wateringdelicacies.Butwhateverthedialect,cookingisalanguageeveryoneunderstands.在一間本地的超市里，兩位女士推著半滿的購物車。這兩位女士是好朋友，但兩人之間的差異是大得不能再大了。一位是持家的主婦，她喜歡大展廚藝，從全生的作料，一步一步創造佳肴杰作。另一位是在一家頗具聲望的廣告公司任職人事訓練主管。家務瑣事，特別是廚房事，并非她樂趣所在。二位女士在冷凍食物區前停了一會兒。職業婦女嘆道：“我好累，我不知晚餐要作什么好。”她的朋友建議說：“何不來一頓微波爐晚餐?！边@位疲憊的職業婦女又嘆道：“不，我今晚不想作飯?！奔偃缒詾槊朗脚腼兙褪谴蜷_一個料理盒而將里頭的東西拋進微波爐加熱，那你得改變想法了。從某一方面來說，美國人以早餐的冷麥片，午餐的三明治及快餐晚餐而發育健壯，這倒是真的。從忙碌的家庭主婦到上班族，許多美國人喜歡享受事先包裝好的便餐所帶來的方便，這些速餐在不到10分鐘內就可上桌。從另一個角度來看，許多美國人都認同廚藝的價值。父母親--特別是媽媽看到訓練孩子，尤其是女兒，烹飪藝術的重要性。大多數的美國人都承認沒有什么比得上一頓自家做的餐點。而談到烹飪，一如其它的技巧，好的成果并非偶然天成的。對于那些在烹飪方面需要指導、或已江郎才盡的人，食譜就是救星。食譜列出做每一道菜所需要的所有材料通常是依照使用的順序列出，每一種的用量以及如何將它們搭配的說明。在美國尋找食譜可謂易如反掌。大多數的好廚師們都有一架子的食譜，從本地出版的各式食譜到像“蓓蒂.克勞克”的全國暢銷食譜。一般理家雜志，如《好管家》及《家庭圈》都滿滿地刊載很多美味的精選食譜。朋友們經常把自己最愛的食譜寫在卡片上，相互傳閱，來增加自己的食譜收藏。對于經驗豐富的廚師，他們是真正的藝術家，食譜僅僅是作為參考，他們常常一邊做菜，一邊依照他們宴請的人數，現有的作料以及個人的口味，來調整食譜。有些廚師們很少參照食譜，反而比較喜歡憑自己的直覺加一點這個，加一點那個，來作出剛好的味道。當然，談到好廚藝，美國人并非獨占鰲頭，無論您到世界何處，人們總是愛吃。所以，每一個文化及國家都有它特有的、令人垂涎三尺的佳肴。且不論方言如何，烹飪是一種人人皆懂的語言。春節傳統美食TangerinesandOrangesDisplayingandeatingthesefruitsissaidtobringwealthandluck.AccordingtotheChineseCultureCenterofSanFrancisco,thetraditionstemsfromthewaytheChinesewordsforgoldandorangesoundalike,whilethewordfortangerineechoesluck."It'sgoodiftheyhaveleaves,"addsLum,"becauseleavessymbolizelongevity."Butdon'tgrouptheminfours,because,Dunlopsays,thisnumberisassociatedwithdeath.LongNoodlesIfnoodlesareserved,then"keepthemaslongaspossibleforlonglife,"saysLum.TheTrayofTogethernessPutoutforvisitingrelativestosnackon,orgivenasagift,theeight"atraditionallysymbolicluckynumber,"explainsDunlopcompartmentsofthetrayarefilledwiththingssuchaspreservedkumquatsforprosperity,coconutfortogetherness,longanstobringmanysons,andredmelonseedsforhappiness.NianGao"Niangaomeansyearcake,butgaosoundsthesameasthewordfortallorhigh,"saysDunlop.Hencethecakessymbolizeachievingnewheightsinthecomingyear.Thesteamedsweetsaremadeofglutinousriceflour,brownsugar,andoil.Someversionshavewhitesesameseeds,reddates,ornutsinthemthedatesaresaidtobring"earlyprosperity,"writesGonginGoodLuckLife.Ifyouwanttotryyourhandatmakingniangao,here'sourrecipe.Chowhoundsalsohavesometips.PomeloThislargecitrusfruitispopular,writesGong,becauseitisthoughttobring"continuousprosperityandstatus."ThetraditioncomesfromthewaytheCantonesephraseforpomelosoundssimilartothewordsforprosperityandstatus,explainsLum.JaiThisvegetariandishiseatenbecauseit's"partoftheBuddhistculturetocleanseyourselfwithvegetables,"saysLum.It'salsopackedwithgood-luckfoods,writesGong,breakingitdownbyingredient:seamossforprosperity;lotusseedsforchildren/birthofsons;noodlesforlongevity;lilybudsto"send100yearsofharmoniousunion";Chineseblackmushroomsto"fulfillwishesfromeasttowest";andmore.Tryourrecipe.LongLeafyGreensandLongBeansGongwritesthatleafygreens,suchasChinesebroccoli,are"servedwholetowishalonglifeforparents."WholeFishTheChinesewordforfishsoundslikethewordforabundance,saysLum.It'simportantthatthefishisservedw