Unit6Design詞匯篇2____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、掌握第六單元第三課及第四課的重點單詞，短語及句型。2、靈活運用第六單元第三課及第四課的重點單詞，短語及句型。datebackto追溯到，始于Thecastledatesbacktothe14thcentury.這個城堡可追溯到14世紀。溫馨提示：datebackto無被動語態，謂語動詞多用一般現在時。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①datebackto=datefrom/gobackto追溯到，始于=2\*GB3②outofdate過時的，陳舊的，不流行的=3\*GB3③uptodate現代的，最新的=4\*GB3④have/makeadatewithsb.與某人約會IhaveadatewithJane.我與簡有個約會。purposen.目的，意圖短語拓展：=1\*GB3①onpurpose故意；有意地=2\*GB3②withthepurposeof目的是=3\*GB3③HewenttoAmericawiththepurposeofgettingrich.他懷著發財的目的去了美國。=4\*GB3④forthepurposeof為了…目的usedfordecoration過去分詞作后置定語原文再現：Papercutsusedfordecorationareoftenseenonwindowsandgates.“usedfordecoration”為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾前面的papercuts，與其是邏輯上的被動關系，故用過去分詞。分詞作定語：作定語的及物動詞分詞形式為：v.-ing,being+過去分詞,過去分詞。當被修飾的名詞與分詞是主動關系，用v.-ing；當被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動關系且表示正在進行時，用being+過去分詞；當被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動關系且表示完成時，用過去分詞。不定式作定語：動詞不定式作定于時，位于被其修飾的名詞或代詞之后。不定式作定語時往往表示將要發生的動作。如果作定語的不定式是不及物動詞，其后要用必要的介詞。例：Thingslostnevercomeagain!覆水難收！Thehousesbeingbuiltarefortheteachers.正在建的那些房子是為老師建的。Thequestiontobediscussedattomorrow’smeetingisaveryimportantone.明天在會上將要討論的問題非常重要。charactern.（書寫或印刷的）字，字體；性格；人物詞匯拓展：characteristicadj.典型的，獨特的n.特征，特點（常用復數）短語拓展：in/outofcharacter符合/不符合…的性格offeringn.供品，祭品短語拓展：=1\*GB3①makeanoffer出價，要價=2\*GB3②turndown/refuseanoffer拒絕建議=3\*GB3③offertodosth.主動提出做某事MyneighborofferedtohelpmewhenIwassick.我生病時，鄰居主動提出幫助我。=4\*GB3④offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.向某人提供某物Heofferedus100yuanforthebike.他向我們出價100元買這輛自行車m=5\*GB3⑤offersomemoneyfor出價買…tryout試用，試驗Wewilltryoutyournewmethod.我們將試驗你的新方法。詞語拓展：tryn.嘗試，試圖，努力短語拓展：=1\*GB3①tryon試穿CanItryiton?我能穿上試試嗎？=2\*GB3②tryfor試圖獲得，贏得=3\*GB3③trytodosth.努力做某事=4\*GB3④trydoingsth.試圖做某事，嘗試做某事Hetriedcleaningthespotwithalcohol.他試著用酒精擦拭那污跡。“介詞+關系代詞”引導定語從句原文再現：Peopletowhomthedeadpersonwasrelatedwouldmaketheseofferingsonspecialdaysandduringfestival.句型剖析：本句為復合句,towhomthedeadpersonwasrelated為“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞people。“介詞+關系代詞”引導定語從句，其中關系代詞只能用whom或which。例：Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.漆黑的街上沒有一個他可以求助的人。ThisistheroominwhichLeousedtolive.這就是利奧以前住的房間。名詞性從句原文再現：ButwhatIrememberedmostismovingalot.句型剖析：“whatIrememberedmost”是主語從句，what在句中作remember的賓語，此時此時不能換成that，因為that引導主語從句時不再句中作任何成分。What引導的名詞性從句還有賓語從句，表語從句等。動名詞短語“movingalot”在這里作表語。例：Whatyousaidjustnowisnottrue.你剛才說的話不是真的。Thatweshallbelateiscertain.我們將要遲到，這是確定無疑的。mercyn.慈悲，憐憫，同情心詞匯拓展：=1\*GB3①mercifuladj.還算幸運的，仁慈的=2\*GB3②mercifullyadv.幸運地，寬大地=3\*GB3③mercilessadj.無情的短語拓展：=1\*GB3①havemercyon=showmercyto對…仁慈，對…同情（憐憫）=2\*GB3②ask/begformercy懇求寬恕，祈求寬恕=3\*GB3③atthemercyofsb./sth.任由…擺布；對…無能為力=4\*GB3④withoutmercy毫不留情的，殘忍的=5\*GB3⑤Itisamercythat-clause真幸運，真僥幸theway后的定語從句原文再現：ButthehouseonMangoStreetisnotthewaytheydescribeditatall.句型剖析：theway是先行詞，“theydescribedit”是定語從句，修飾theway，引導詞在定語從句中作狀語，可以省略，也可以用that或inwhich。way當“方法，辦法”講時，后接的定語從句中，若引導詞再從句中作主語或賓語，則需用that或which。Thewaythat/inwhichhesaiditsurpriseditsurprisedus.他表達的方式讓我們感到驚訝。narrowadj.狹窄的，狹隘的，眼光短淺的詞匯拓展：=1\*GB3①narrowlyadv.勉強地，嚴格地，仔細地Henarrowlyescapedbeingkilled.他險些喪命。=2\*GB3②narrowvt.&vi.使變窄，縮小holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸IwassonervousthatIheldmybreathatthescene.看到那場面我緊張的屏住了呼吸。短語拓展：與breath有關的其他短語：=1\*GB3①catchone’sbreath恢復正常呼吸=2\*GB3②loseone’sbreath喘不過氣=3\*GB3③takeadeepbreath深深吸一口氣=4\*GB3④outofbreath（運動后）穿不上氣與hold相關的短語：=1\*GB3①holdback阻擋，猶豫=2\*GB3②holdon堅持住，（電話用語）等一下=3\*GB3③holdout伸出，維持=4\*GB3④holdoff延遲完全倒裝Outbackisasmallgarageforthecarwedon’townyetandasmallyardthatlookssmallerbetweenthetwobuildingsoneitherside.句型剖析：主句是一個完全倒裝句。表示地點或時間的副詞或介詞短語位于句首，且謂語動詞為be或go,come等不及物動詞時，句子要用完全倒裝，即將謂語動詞部分全部至于主語之前。考點釋義：完全倒裝語序主要有以下幾種情況：=1\*GB3①There+be/stand/lie/exist/live+名詞主語Thereliesarailwayinthenorthofthecity.城市北邊有一條鐵路。=2\*GB3②Here/there/out/in/up/down/away/back/now/then等副詞+不及物動詞（come,go,rush,fly等）+名詞主語（不用進行時態）。Awaywentthechildren.孩子們走了。=3\*GB3③直接引語的一部分或全部放在句首，主語為名詞。“Wearelost,”saidMary.“我們迷路了。”瑪麗說。=4\*GB3④表語或狀語（主要是表示地點的狀語）+謂語（謂語動詞常為不及物動詞）+名詞主語。Intheboxaresomecandies.盒子里有一些糖果。conclusionn.結論，推斷，終結，結局詞匯拓展：concludevt.&vi.結束，推斷出，達成短語拓展：=1\*GB3①reach/leadto/cometoaconclusion得出結論=2\*GB3②toconclude/inconclusion最后Inconclusion,IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyself.最后，我想說我過的有多么愉快。agreewith同意Iquiteagreewithhisidea.我十分贊同他的想法。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①agreewithone’sidea/opinion/whatonesays同意某人的觀點/意見/所說的話=2\*GB3②agreewithsth.與…一致，與…符合=3\*GB3③notagreewithsb.不適合，不相宜=4\*GB3④agreeto同意（計劃，建議，安排）=5\*GB3⑤agreeon對…取得一致意見=6\*GB3⑥arriveat/cometo/reachanagreement達成協議表語從句原文再現：Thisiswhythelocalpeopleproudlycalltheirtown“Dayan”…句型剖析：這是一個由why引導的表語從句。Why是連接副詞；表語從句還可以由that,what,which,who,whom,when,where,how,whether,asif等來引導。其中what,which,who,whom為連接代詞，在表語從句中充當主語，賓語，表語等；when,where,how,why為連接副詞，在表語從句中充當狀語；that,whether,asif在表語從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用。例：That’sjustwhatIwant.那正是我想要的。Thisiswhywemissedtheearlybus.那就是我們為什么錯過了早班車。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。Wondern.奇觀，奇跡，驚嘆詞匯拓展：=1\*GB3①wondervt.想知道=2\*GB3②wonderfuladj.令人驚奇的，精彩的短語拓展：=1\*GB3①nowonder難怪=2\*GB3②wonderatsth./wh-賓語從句admirevt.欽佩，羨慕，贊賞，欣賞詞匯拓展：=1\*GB3①admirableadj.可欽佩的，值得贊賞的=2\*GB3②admirationn.欽佩，羨慕，贊賞短語拓展：=1\*GB3①admiresb.For…因…而欽佩某人Theschooliswidelyadmiredforitsexcellentteaching.這所學校因教學出色而被廣泛稱贊。behometo…是…的所在地/家/發源地Africaishometolions.非洲是獅子的故鄉。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①feelathome感到自在，舒服，放松=2\*GB3②makeoneselfathome不拘束，不客氣determinevt.決心，決定詞匯拓展：determinedadj.堅定的determinationn.決心短語拓展：=1\*GB3①determine(on/upon)sth.決定某事=2\*GB3②determinetodosth.決定做某事=3\*GB3③determinesb.todosth.使某人下決心做某事Herencouragementdeterminedmetocarryonwiththework.她的鼓勵使我決心把這項工作繼續下去。=4\*GB3④bedeterminedtodosth.決心做某事Alotofpeoplearedeterminedtobecomerich.很多人決心要致富。It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了It’syourturntosweepthefloor.該你掃地了。短語拓展：=1\*GB3①taketurns依次，輪流=2\*GB3②byturns輪流，交替=3\*GB3③inturn依次，輪流，轉而，相應的=4\*GB3④inreturn作為回報例1.SeveralyearsagotheyfoundinEnglandatombofaman_____fromaround2300B.C.dateddatingdatestodate解析：句意：幾年前他們在英國發現了一個男人的墓，該墓可追溯到公元前2300年。考查非謂語動詞作定語，datefrom與atomb為邏輯上的主動關系，不定式作定語表將來，與句意不符，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：B。例2.Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals_____allitscitizens.inchargeofforthepurposeofinhonorofforthebenefitof解析：句意：為了所有公民的利益，中國一直在推行公立醫院的改革。本題考查介詞短語辨析。inchargeof管理，負責；forthepurposeof為了…的目的；inhonorof為了向…表示敬意，為紀念；forthebenefitof為了…的利益，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：D。例3.Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_____indailyconversations.usingtousehavingusedused解析：句意：在有些語言中，100個詞就占了日常對話的一半。本題考查非謂語動詞作后置定語。非謂語動詞和words是邏輯上的被動關系，而四個選項中只有D項表示被動，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：D。例4._____makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhoD.Which解析：句意：讓這本書不同尋常的是作者的想象力。本題考查主語從句。分析句子結構可知空格處引導主語從句，從句部分缺少主語成分，且指的是“事或物”，排除A和C項，又沒有在限定范圍內選擇的意義，可排除D項，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：B。例5.（2015北京朝陽高三一模）Oh,Icanfeelsomething_____upmyleg!Itmustbeaninsect.A.toclimbB.climbingC.climbD.climbed解析：句意：哦，我覺得有什么東西正在我腿上爬！一定是一只蟲子。感官動詞feel可以接do,doing,beingdone,根據語境可知，此處表示有東西正在我腿上爬，強調正在進行，所以選doing，即可推斷出正確答案。答案：B。基礎演練一，根據字母或漢語提示，用所學的單詞或短語填空。TheGrandCanalbegantobebuiltintheSuiD__________.Sheseemstodothesethingsonp___________.Moneyisnotthekeytoh__________.Agroupofprimarystudentsplacedawreathatthet__________ofthenationalhero.Sheworesomuch__________（珠寶）thatsheseemedtobecoveredingold.The__________（寺廟）hasbeenconsideredanexampleofclassicdesign.Iwishthisbookwaswritteninbigger__________（字）.Thisclothhasa__________（式樣）ofblueandwhitesquares.Ther__________fortheflatis$50aweek.I’dliketogod__________forshopping.Canyougivemealift?Keys：一，1.Dynasty 2.purpose3.happiness 4.tomb5.jewellery 6.temple7.characters 8.pattern9.rent 10.downtown鞏固提高單句改錯。Bythetimewhenwegottothetopofthemountain,wewerealloutofbreath.____________________________________________________________________.Atlast,theyarrivedinwhereisnowcalledAmerica.____________________________________________________________________.Wheredoyouthinkwillhego?____________________________________________________________________.Idon’tlikethewayhowyoudidit.____________________________________________________________________.Therearetalltreesgrowingoneithersidesoftheroad.____________________________________________________________________.Keys：1.去掉when2.where改為what3.willhe改為hewill4.how改為that或去掉how5.sides改為side用所給短語的適當形式填空。datebackto berelatedto onpurpose setanexample tryoutholdone’sbreatheventhough withoutmercy dreamofbelocatedin eventhoughParentsshould____________________good____________________theirchildren.Ithinkhebrokethatwindow____________________.Weshould____________________thismedicinetomakesurethatthereisnothingwrongwithit.Thiscustomer_______________________________the11thcentury.Thepolicethinkthathe______________________________thecase.Therearealotofspellingmistakes,____________________,itisagoodessay.Hisfatherdrovehimoff____________________.He____________________beingapilotasachildren.Hearingtheenemycome,thesoldiers______________________________.Themuseum______________________________thecenterofthetown.Keys:seta;examplefor 2.onpurpose3.tryout 4.datesbackto5.isrelatedto 6.eventhough7.withoutmercy 8.dreamedof9.heldtheirbreath 10.islocatedin單項選擇。Thoughtheprofessorexplainedthepoint_____,manystudentsstillcouldn’tunderstandit.inruins B.indetail C.inconclusion D.onpurpose（北京大興高三一模）_____hesaidintheweddingceremonymovedeveryonepresent.How B.That C.Which D.What（北京大興高三一模）Ihavelearnedthatclothes_____onlineareofpoorquality.bought B.buying C.tobuy D.havingbought（北京朝陽高三二模）—CanIfaxthispaper?—Sorry,butourfax_____atthemoment,anditwon’tbeworkinguntilaround3o’clock.isbeingrepaired B.isrepairing C.isrepaired D.repairs（北京朝陽高三二模）Youcouldworkouttheproblemeasilynowifyou_____absentfromthephysicsclassFriday.weren’t B.hadn’tbeen C.haven’tbeen D.wouldn’thavebeenKeys：二，1-5BDAAB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一，閱讀理解。Accordingtopsychologists（心理學家）,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.itcanbecreatedbyaperson'sthoughts.Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotion:positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delight,andhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadness,anddisgust.ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromthem.inordertofeelhappy,thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination.1.Welearnfromthepassagethatanemotioniscreatedbysomething.A.onethinksbadorgoodB.onefeelsindangerC.onefacesintheoutsideworldD.onetriestoescapefromreallife2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Childrenlearnemotionsastheygrowup.B.Babiesarebornwithemotions.C.Emotionsfallintotwotypesingeneral.D.Peoplecancopewiththenegativeemotionsinlife.3.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto.A.explainwhypeoplehaveemotionsB.showhowpeopleavoidthenegativeemotionsC.explainwhatpeopleshoulddobeforeemotionsD.defineandclassifypeople'semotions4.Wecansafelyconcludethatastudentmayfailinanexamif.A.hecannotthinkproperlyB.hecan'tpayattentiontoitC.hecan'tpayattentiontoitD.hei