2010高考英語《語法》專題復習系列課件31《動詞的語態》

PassiveVoice

被動語態LeadinRockets________(use)tosendupsatellites．areused火箭發射圖Therocket_____________(sendup)intospace．isbeingsentup污染圖Theairandthewater________________(pollute)．arebeingpolluted砍伐圖Trees___________(cut)down．Soil____________(wash)away．arebeingcutwillbewashed拳擊圖Aboxer_____________(beat)down．hasbeenbeaten雙子樓圖Thetwintowers___________(attack)in2001．wereattacked生病圖Theboymay_______________(infect)withAIDS．havebeeninfected表格：被動態基本結構時態被動語態結構一般現在時一般過去時現在進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現在完成時過去完成時am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/willbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneOralpractice-主動句改被動句

Oralpractice--1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．Hewasknockeddownbyacar…．Themedicalteamismadeupof…．Afallentreewasbeingcutup…．4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuilt…．Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．7)Weshouldprotecttheearth．8)Youneedtopaintthewall．9)Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．IAgiftTheearthshouldbeprotected．Thewallneedstobepainted．Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday．Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.10)Wealwayskeeptheroomclean．11)Weoftenhearhimplayguitar．12)Theysawaboyflyingakite．Theroomisalwayskeptclean．Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar．Aboywasseenflyingakite．Correctingmistake2.Correctthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity．3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?wassentwilllastwerehurt4)Afirewasbrokenoutlastnight．5)Hehadtotravelbybusashiscarwasdamagedinanaccidentafewdaysbefore．6)Thelargebuildingthatisnowbuiltwillbeahospital．hadbeendamagedisnowbeingbuiltbrokeout7)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．8)Hisplanissoundedgood．9)Yourcoatneedsbeingwashed．beginssoundstobewashed/washing主動式表被動義Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主動式表被動義動詞(表示主語的屬性特征)

+副詞(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主動式表被動義。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．WefindEnglishhard_______(learn)．Thearticleisdifficult___________(understand).toeattolearntounderstand不定式在某些形容詞后作狀語,且和句子的主語(或賓語)構成動賓關系時,用主動式表被動義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．todotoread不定式作后置定語,與被修飾的名詞構成動賓關系,又和該句主語(或賓語)構成主謂關系時,用主動式表被動義。表示狀態特征的連系動詞+adj./n.,用主動式表被動義。1)表示狀態特征的連系動詞+adj./n.,用主動式表被動義。

(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)Thesteelfeelscold．2)表示“開始、結束、運動”的動詞用主動式表被動義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)Theshopopensat6am.everyday．表示主語的屬性特征的動詞+副詞well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主動式表被動義3)表示主語的屬性特征的動詞+副詞well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主動式表被動義。(read,write,set,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,...)Thepenwritessmoothly．4)作“需要”講的want/need/require后接動名詞作賓語時，用主動式表被動義；當然也可接不定式的被動式作賓語。Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed．5)

不定式在某些形容詞后作狀語,且和句子的主語(或賓語)構成動賓關系時,用主動式表被動義。(difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,dangerous,safe,...)Thefishisnotfittoeat．6)不定式作后置定語,與被修飾的名詞構成動賓關系,又和該句主語(或賓語)構成主謂關系時,用主動式表被動義;但若用在therebe結構中，主動、被動均可（口語中常用主動式）。Ihavealotofhomeworktodo．Therearemanythingstodo/tobedone．

7)betoblame表示“應受批評,責備”，用主動式表被動義。Theboyistoblameforwhathehasdone．8)不及物動詞和一些不及物動詞短語沒有被動語態。

rise,happen,succeed,remain,...takeplace,breakout,belongto,loseheart,consistof,addupto,...加to/for在下列動詞后，常在間接賓語前加to:bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach,etc.在下列動詞后，常在間接賓語前加for:buy,build,cook,cut,choose,find,fetch,do,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,sing,etc.含雙賓語的主動句變被動句，一般變間接賓語(指人)為主語較多。若把直接賓語(指物)改為主語，則在間接賓語前加上適當的介詞。Anewshirtwasbought____me．Themagazinewaspassedon____him.Thosebooksweresold____Tomat5dollarseach．Anotherpieceofmusicwasplayed____thepatients．Thecupwithmixturewasshowed____theclass．Agooddinnerhasbeenordered____theguests.fortotofortofor帶雙賓語的主動句改被動注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等動詞/短語后作賓語補語的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動語態后必須帶to。1.Anexhibitionofpaintings____atthemuseumnextweek．A．aretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholdingD．willholdMultiplechoiceB2.I’msorry,sir．Yourrecorderisn’treadyyet．It____inthefactory．

isbeingrepairedisrepairedhasbeenrepairedhasn’tbeenrepairedA3．Everypossiblemeans____,butnone____successful．A.hastried;hasprovedB．tried;provesC.hasbeentried;provesD.isbeingtried;isprovedC4．Thequestionheaskedishard____．

A.foranswerB.toanswerC．tobeansweredD.answeringB5．Inwarmweather,fruitandmeat____long．

cannotbekeptdon’tkeepmustn’tkeepisnotkeptA6．Hereceivedatelegram____:“Motherill”．

A．writtenB.readingC.saidD.writingB7.--Didyouhandhimtheletteryesterday?--No,I____tohim．

broughtittookithaditsentcarrieditC8．Alicehadadress____lastweek．A．madeB.makeC.tobemadeD.tomakeA9．Theteachercouldn’tmakehim____attentiontobecausethestudentsweresonoisy.paypaidtopaytobepaidB10.--Whenwillthelecturebegin?--Whenthestudents____．

A．havesatB．satdownC．willsitD．areseatedDQuiz1

Quiz11.Thesteel_____cold．

A.isfeltB.wasfeelingC.feelsD.isbeingfelt2.Hisplan_____good．

A.hassoundedB.issoundingC.issoundedD.soundsCDQuiz2Quiz2Theshop_____at6am.everyday．

A.opensB.openedC.isopenedD.isopeningWork_____at7pm.today．

A.endsB.endedC.wasendedD.hadendedABThepen______smoothly．

A.waswroteB.writesC.haswritingD.iswrittenThiscoat_____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedQuiz3BCYourjacketneeds________(wash)．Thehouserequires________(repair)．Quiz4washingrepairingThefishisnotfit_______