第頁(yè)共頁(yè)全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試PETS五閱讀真題全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試PETS五閱讀真題SECTIONIIIReadingprehension(50minutes)PartAReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichacpanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1England'sbinge-drinkinghabitisoneofthemostentrenchedinEurope--evenRomaninvad-erswroteaboutitwithhorror.Manyfearedthatthehabitwouldworsenaftertherelaxationoflicen-singhourslastNovember.Doctors,academicsandnewspaperswerejoinedinoppositionbythepo-liceandjudges,whowarnedthatthereformswere“closetolunacy”.Thegover____entdisagreedandabolishedarestrictiveregimefirstimposedduringtheFirstWorldWarbyDavidLloydGeorge,theprimeminister,whowantedtopreventmunitionsworkersfromgettingtoodrunk.WhileministersneverdeniedthatBritonshadanunhealthyattitudetoliquor,theyarguedthatmuchofthecrimeanddisorderthatblightedcitystreetsatnightwascausedbyhordesofdrunkardsrollingoutofpubsandclubsatthesametimeandfightingforthesametaxihome.TheycitedthewartimeexperienceinAustralia,whereanearlyclosingtimehadledtoaphenomenondubbedthe“sixo'clock'sswill”,inwhichpeopledrankthemselvessillyagainsttheclock.Thehopewasthat,oncehourswererelaxed,Britonswouldadoptmorecivilised,continentalhabits,sippingdelicatelyatglassesofChablisratherthandowningtenpints.Weretheoptimistsorthepessimistsright?Thepoliceremaincautiousaboutsuchpositivesigns,sayingitisstilltooearlytotellwhateffectliberalisationwillhaveoncrime.Theypointoutthatlocalforceshavedivertedtimeandmoneytopolicelate-nightdrinking,andhavebeengivenextracashbythegover____ent.ThatwillrunoutonChristmasEve,atwhichpointthingsmaybeetrickier.Inthemeantime,pessimistsaremarshallingnew,moreambitiousarguments.MartinPlantoftheUniversityoftheWestofEnglandmaintainsthatfreerdrinkingcanleadtolong-termproblemsthatarenotimmediatelyapparent.Iceland'scapital,Reykjavik,softeneddrinkinglawssevenyearsago.Whilepolicingbecameeasier,moredrunkardspitchedupathospitalanddrink-drivingratessoared.51.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPTthatA.theEnglishindulgenceinalcoholevenhorrifiedRomaninvaders.B.thepoliceandjudgeswereinfavoroftherelaxationoflicensinghours.C.thegover____entdidawaywithalawregulatingdrinkinghourslastyear.D.WorldWarIfirstsawtheimplementationofthelawregulatingdrinkinghours.52.Whydidthegover____entwanttoreformthedrinking-hourrestrictions?A.TofollowtheexleofAustralia.B.TochangeBritons'attitudetoalcohol.C.Toreducetheamountofalcoholconsumed.D.Toreducecrimeratescausedbydrinking.53.Whathappensnowinbigcities?A.Hordesofdrunkardsfloodoutofpubsatllp.m.and2a.m.B.Morelicensesaregrantedtopubsandclubs.C.Therearefewercriminaloffencesrelatedtodrinking.D.ThingsaredifferentinLondonfromotherbigcities.54.ThepoliceholdtheviewthatA.thechangesareduetomorepoliceeffortsratherthanthereform.B.extensionofdrinkinghourshasproducedanegativeoute.C.thegover____entobscuresthetruthbyprovidingextramoney.D.thesuccessofthereformcanonlybeguaranteedwithmoregover____entinput.55.ThosewhodonotseeagoodprospectofthedrinkingreformA.aretryingtofindmoreeffectivesolutions.B.areconvincedthatthereformwillleadtomoreviolentcrimes.C.believethatthereshouldbeadequatemedicalserviceforthedrunkards.D.believethatsofteneddrinkinglawsmayproducenegativelong-termeffects.Text2Thebestestimateofhumanity'secologicalfootprintsuggeststhatitnowexceedstheEarth'sre-generativecapacitybyaround20percent.ThisfactismentionedearlyoninthelatestbookfromLesterR.Brown.ThesubtitleofPlanB2.0makestheboldclaimofrescuingaplaunderstressandacivilizationintrouble.SowillBrown'sPlanBwork?Thegreenmovementdividesbroadlyintotwocstechnologicaloptimistsandsocialrevolu-tionaries.ForeverypersonlikeBrownproposingnewwaystoproduceprotein,thereisanindige-nousmovementinadevelopingcountrystrugglingforlandredistribution.Anotherdivideisbe-tweenthosewhoseethebiggestenviro____entalproblemaspopulationpressureinthedevelopingSouth,andthosewhosayitis'consumptionpatternsintherichNorth.Whenpushestoshove,Brownqualifiesasatechnologicaloptimistwhoisworriedaboutpopulation.Thegiveawayishiseulogytogreentechno-fixes,coupledwiththefearoffast-growingdevelopingcountriescopyingWesternconsumerlifestyles.Brown'spictureofclimate-change-inducedchaosisterrifyingandconvincing.Itincludestheawfulimageoftheworld'spoorestpeoplepetingforfoodwithanever-hungrierbio-fuelsindus-try,whosejobwillbetokeepthedevelopedworld'sSUVsontheroadasoilbeesevermoreexpensiveandthenrunsout.Thebinationofindustrialinertiaandtheinfluenceofindustryonlobbyistsismakingthisvisionincreasinglyplausible.Thepoorgetabaddealbecausetheworldisrunbytheeconomicequivalentofgunboatdiplomacy,astherecentWorldTracieOrganizationtalksshowed.Technologicallyoptimisticvisionsoftenhavetoomuchfaiththatchangewillflowfromaration-aldiscussionaboutsensiblepolicies,whiletiptoeingaroundtherealproblemsofpowerandpolitics.EvenwithBrown'sPlanBtotelluswhichrenewableenergytechnologiestouseandwhichresilientfoodcropstogrow,wearegoingtoneedawaytodealwitheconomicvestedinterestsandthedemo-craticdeficitinglobalfinancialinstitutionsthatexcludesthepoor.Forthat,weneedPlanC.56.WhatistheissuethatBrowntriestoaddressinhisnewlypublishedbook?[A]Theword'spopulationhasincreasedby20percent.B.Humanactivitieshavegonebeyondwhattheearthisabletosustain.C.Humanbeingshavedevelopedinacertainecologicalpattern.D.Thegreenmovementhasfailedtoproduceneededenviro____entalchanges.57.BrownbelievesthatthespreadofconsumerismtolessdevelopedcountrieshasA.ledtolandshortageandredistribution.B.narroweddownthedifferenceinlifestyle.C.contributedtoenviro____entaldeterioration.D.increasedhigh-proteinfoodconsumption.58.TalkingaboutBrown'sdismalpictureofenviro____entaldegradation,theauthorthinksthatA.hisoptimismdoesnotseemtobewell-grounded.B.toomanydepressingstatisticswerelistedinhisbook.C.hisdescriptionoftheenviro____entalproblemslacksafocus.D.heistryingtoforcehisoptimismonthereaders.59.Thephrase“gunboatdiplomacy”(line6,para.4)meansA.todealwithindustrialrelationsintheautomobilesectorbywayoflobbying.B.tothreatentouseforcetomakeasmallercountryagreetoyourdemand.C.tonegotiatewithintheWTOframeworkindealingwithbilateralrelations.A.Becausenewsensiblepoliciesmaybringaboutpositivechanges.B.Becausethegapbetweentherichandpoorshouldbenarrowed.C.Becausenewtechnologiesandcropscanbeintroducedunderthisplan.D.Becausethecoreproblemsofinternationalpoliticsshouldbeaddressedfirst.Text3Theaveragepersonseestensofthousandsofimagesaday--imagesontelevision,innews-papersandmagazines,andonthesidesofbuses.ImagesalsogracesodacansandT-shirts,andIn-tersearchenginescaninstantlyprocureimagesforanywordyoutype.OnFlickr.,aphoto-sharingWebsite,youcantypeinawordsuchas“l(fā)ove”andfindphotosofcouplesinembraceorparentshuggingtheirchildren.Typein“terror”,andamongtheresultsisaphotographoftheWorldTradeCentertowersburning.“Rememberwhenthiswasashockingimage?”askstheper-sonwhopostedthepicture.Thequestionisnotmerelyrhetorical.Itpointstosomethingimportantaboutimagesinourcul-ture:theyhavebeelessmagicalandlessshocking.Untilthedevelopmentofmassreproduc-tion,imagescarriedmorepowerandevokedmorefear.Weloveimagesandthedemocratizingpoweroftechnologiesthatgiveusthecapabilitytomakeandmanipulateimages.Whatwearelesseagertoconsiderarethebroaderculturaleffectsofasocietydevotedtotheimage.Historiansandanthropologistshaveexploredthestoryofmankind'smovementfromanoral-basedculturetoawrittenculture,andlatertoaprintedone.Butinthepastseveraldecadeswehavebeguntomovefromaculturebasedontheprintedwordtoonebasedlargelyonimages.Twothingsinparticularareatstakeinourcontemporaryconfrontationwithanimage-basedculture.First,technologyhasconsiderablyunderminedourabilitytotrustwhatwesee,yetwehavenotadequatelygrappledwiththeeffectsofthisonournotionsoftruth.Second,ifwearein-deedmovingfromtheeraoftheprintedwordtoaneradominatedbytheimage,whatimpactwillthishaveon.culture?Willwebeetooeasilyaccustomedtoverisimilarratherthantruethings,preferringappearancetorealityandintheprocessrejectingthedemandsofdisciplineandpatiencethattruethingsoftenrequireofusifwearetounderstandtheirmeaninganddescribeitwithpreci-sion?61.ThefirstparagraphofthetexttellsusthatA.weareexposedtoamultitudeofimageseveryday.B.consumergoodswithimageslookmoregraceful.C.theIntercaninstantlypresentimagesofanythingwewanttobuy.D.Intersearchenginesgiveusundesiredandshockingimages.62.Withthedevelopmentofmassreproduction,imagesA.havebeele,ssimportantinpopularculture.B.arenotasimpressiveastheyweretoviewers.C.willbemoremagicalandshockinginthefuture.D.willbeemoreandmorethought-provoking.63.ThepoweroftheimagehasbeenstrengthenedinthesensethatA.populisttechnologiesenablealmosteverybodytomanipulateimages.B.imageshavegraduallywonpopularityamongmonpeople.C.imagesareforcingustomunicateviagesturesratherthanlanguage.D.withpopulisttechnologies,textsmightgivewaytopicturesgradually.A.Images.B.Writtenwords.C.Printedimages.D.Texts.65.Fromthetext,itcanbeinferredthattheauthorA.agreesthatimagesofferabetterformofmunicationthantheprint.B.doesnotsharetheopinionthatanimage-basedcultureislessadvanced.C.showsdeepconcernabouttheimpactofimagesonculture.D.preferstheimageeratothatoftheprintedword.SECTl0NIIIReadingprehensionPartATextl在歐洲，英格蘭的豪飲是最根深蒂固的風(fēng)俗，甚至羅馬侵略者都戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢的對(duì)其進(jìn)展了描繪。隨著去年十一月放寬時(shí)間禁令后，許多人擔(dān)憂這種情況會(huì)進(jìn)一步惡化。醫(yī)生、學(xué)者、報(bào)紙和警察、法官一道對(duì)放寬禁令表示反對(duì)。警察和法官們警告說(shuō)，這種改革類似于“精神失常”。對(duì)此，政府并不贊同。政府廢除了一戰(zhàn)期間由大衛(wèi)·勞德·喬治率先實(shí)行的限制性飲酒政策。喬治是當(dāng)時(shí)的首相，實(shí)行這一政策是為了防止工人喝得爛醉。然而部長(zhǎng)們從未否認(rèn)過英國(guó)人對(duì)白酒有一種不安康的心態(tài)。他們認(rèn)為，夜間，發(fā)生城市街道上的許多犯罪和騷亂都是由酒鬼所引起的。他們往往同時(shí)走出酒吧和俱樂部，互相之間爭(zhēng)奪回家的出租車。但部長(zhǎng)們?cè)税拇罄麃喌膽?zhàn)時(shí)經(jīng)歷：較早的打烊時(shí)間導(dǎo)致這種現(xiàn)象被戲稱為“六點(diǎn)鐘豪飲”，即在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)人們爭(zhēng)分奪秒的喝酒。有人希望，放寬時(shí)間禁令后，英國(guó)人將會(huì)更文明，更紳士般的飲酒，即悠閑的喝著夏布利斯，而不是狂飲十品脫。樂觀者或是悲觀者，哪一種人觀點(diǎn)是正確的呢?由于法律的修改，約三分之二的持證經(jīng)營(yíng)場(chǎng)所已經(jīng)將營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)了約一小時(shí)左右。(不到l%的店家被允答應(yīng)以24小時(shí)經(jīng)營(yíng)。)這樣就防止了晚上ll點(diǎn)和凌晨2點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的頂峰人群，也填補(bǔ)了一些低峰時(shí)段。在幾個(gè)大的，熱鬧的城市，包括伯明翰，諾丁漢和曼徹斯特，地方當(dāng)局報(bào)告說(shuō)，街道秩序沒有比以前更亂。在伯明翰，一個(gè)飲酒者經(jīng)常出沒的街頭已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了犯罪率的急劇下降(盡管這也可能是因?yàn)橛捎趽?dān)憂最壞的情況而聘用了街道督導(dǎo)員)。在倫敦，最讓人注意的是，飲酒政策放寬后，沒有任何一個(gè)月出現(xiàn)過比上年同期更多的暴力犯罪記錄。在威斯敏斯特，情況也是這樣。當(dāng)?shù)鼐奂S多首都的酒吧和俱樂部。與去年同期相比，自治市鎮(zhèn)的整體暴力程度自2023年11月起已經(jīng)十個(gè)月連續(xù)下降12%。對(duì)于這些積極的跡象，警方仍持慎重態(tài)度。他們認(rèn)為如今議論政策放寬對(duì)犯罪的影響，仍然為時(shí)尚早。他們指出，地方警力投入了時(shí)間和財(cái)力治理深夜飲酒，政府也給予了額外的現(xiàn)金補(bǔ)貼。但是在圣誕節(jié)前夕這一時(shí)間段上，政府補(bǔ)貼就已根本用完，那時(shí)情況可能會(huì)變得更復(fù)雜。與此同時(shí)，悲觀者也提出了新的、更志在必得的證據(jù)。西英格蘭大學(xué)的馬丁工廠認(rèn)為更加自由的飲酒可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些不會(huì)立即顯現(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)期問題。冰島首都雷克雅未克，七年前放寬了飲酒限制。雖然治安監(jiān)管變得容易了，但更多的酒鬼住進(jìn)了醫(yī)院，而且酒后駕駛率也在迅速飆升。答案及精析51.B【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問的是“下面那一句說(shuō)法是不正確的?”。由文章第一段第一句“…evenRomaninvaderswroteaboutitwithhorror.”可知：對(duì)于英格蘭的豪飲，羅馬侵略者也戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢地進(jìn)展’了描繪，這與A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。由第一段第三句“…bythepoliceandjudges。whowarnedthatthereformswere‘closetolunacy”’可知：警察和法官認(rèn)為這種改革幾乎是“精神失常”，這與B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不符。由第一段第二句“therelaxationoflicensinghourslastN0—vember”可知C項(xiàng)正確;由第一段最后一句“…arestrictiveregimefirstimposedduringtheFirstWorldWarbyDavidLloydGeorge，’’可知D項(xiàng)正確。應(yīng)選B。52.D【精析】推斷題。題目問的是“政府為什么要改革限制飲酒時(shí)間的政策?”。由文章第二段第一、二句“…theyarguedthatmuchofthecrimeanddisorderthatblightedcitystreetsatnightwascausedbyhordesofdrunkardsroilingoutofpubsandclubsatthesalnetimeandfightingforthesalTletaxihome.Theycitedthewartimeexperi—enceinAustralia…”可知：政府改革限制飲酒時(shí)間的政策的目的是為了降低由飲酒引起的犯罪，這與D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。應(yīng)選D。53.C【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問的是“如今，大城市的狀況如何?”。由文章第三段第三、四句“Localauthoritiesinseverallarge，livelycit—ies，…reportthatthestreetsarenomofedisorderlythanbefore…h(huán)asseenadramaticdropincrime”可知：飲酒時(shí)間政策改革后，各地犯罪率呈下降趨勢(shì)，這與C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。再有第三段第五句“InLondon，...therehasnotbeenasinglemonthsincethedrinkinglawswererelaxed…”可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。應(yīng)選C。54.A【精析】推斷題。題目問的是“警方的觀點(diǎn)是什么?”。由文章第四段第二句“Theypointoutthatlocalforceshavedivertedtimeandmoneytopolicelate—nightdrinking，andhavebeengivenextracashbythegover____ent.”可知：當(dāng)?shù)鼐酵度霑r(shí)間和財(cái)力用于治理深夜飲酒問題，這與A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。由第四段第一句“Thepoliceremaincautiousaboutsuchpositivesigns…”可知B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。此外，文章沒有提及c項(xiàng)，而D項(xiàng)的“only”使該選項(xiàng)的表意過于絕對(duì)。應(yīng)選A。55.D【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問的是“那些對(duì)改革不樂觀的人們認(rèn)為。”。由文章最后一段第二句話“…thatfreerdrinkingCallleadtodong—termproblemsthatarenotimmediatelyapparent.”可知對(duì)改革不樂觀的人們認(rèn)為此項(xiàng)改革會(huì)引發(fā)長(zhǎng)期問題，并以冰島首都雷克雅未克為例進(jìn)展論證，這與D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。應(yīng)選D。Text2參考譯文關(guān)于人類對(duì)生態(tài)的影響，最正確的估計(jì)說(shuō)明：它已經(jīng)超過了地球的再生才能的20%左右。這是早前由萊斯特·R·布朗在其新書中提出的。B2.0方案的副標(biāo)題大聲疾呼：拯救宏大壓力下的地球和費(fèi)事不斷的人類文明。布朗的B方案會(huì)有效果嗎?綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)大致分為兩個(gè)陣營(yíng)：技術(shù)樂觀者和社會(huì)____者。像布朗這樣的每個(gè)人都提出新的方法來(lái)消費(fèi)蛋白質(zhì)。在開展中國(guó)家，人們通過土地運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)土地的再分配。另一個(gè)分歧在于一些人意識(shí)到開展中的南方地區(qū)的人口壓力是最大的環(huán)境問題，而另一些人說(shuō)那是富裕的北方地區(qū)的消費(fèi)形式。情況越來(lái)越糟，作為一個(gè)技術(shù)樂觀者，布朗很擔(dān)憂人口問題。加之擔(dān)憂快速增長(zhǎng)的開展中國(guó)家會(huì)照搬西方消費(fèi)者的生活方式，上述觀點(diǎn)就成了他為綠色修復(fù)技術(shù)所寫的悼詞。他對(duì)物種滅絕，水資短缺，石油消費(fèi)的最終衰落所引發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)亂進(jìn)展描繪，當(dāng)然，也包括氣候變化。他使用了一連串令人沮喪的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。由此可見，他的樂觀，不過是勉強(qiáng)為之。他的拯救方案?作為布朗作品的一節(jié)，標(biāo)題定為“消除貧困，穩(wěn)定人口”。這在很大程度土依賴于傳統(tǒng)的人類開展的方法：利用援助來(lái)彌補(bǔ)貧窮國(guó)家的收入差距。細(xì)數(shù)為實(shí)現(xiàn)安康、教育和減少貧困的結(jié)合國(guó)千年開展目的的本錢，布朗傳達(dá)了這樣一種感覺：一些新的財(cái)政措施，加上富裕國(guó)家的好心，這些費(fèi)用不成問題。在過去____中，這是一直沿用的，但一直沒有奏效的方法。20世紀(jì)90年代，盡管人們做出無(wú)數(shù)的承諾來(lái)解決貧困，但是那些生活費(fèi)一天缺乏一美元的群體在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)中的收益比例卻下降了73%。這就是B2.0方案的癥結(jié)所在。布朗所描繪的由氣候變化引起的混亂狀態(tài)是可怕的，也是有說(shuō)服力的。它展現(xiàn)了世界上最貧窮的人們與生物燃料產(chǎn)業(yè)之間不斷的爭(zhēng)奪食物。石油越來(lái)越責(zé)，也即將耗盡，所以生物燃料產(chǎn)業(yè)的任務(wù)是確保興旺國(guó)家的越野車能在道路上疾馳。工業(yè)惰性和行業(yè)游說(shuō)的影響力結(jié)合在一起，使這一場(chǎng)景變得更加可信。近期，世界“TRACIE”組織的會(huì)談顯示：炮艦外交的經(jīng)濟(jì)等價(jià)物主宰世界的運(yùn)行，所以窮人在協(xié)議中仍處于優(yōu)勢(shì)。對(duì)技術(shù)上的樂觀使我們往往擁有太多的信心，認(rèn)為理性的討論政策可以帶來(lái)改變，卻在權(quán)利和政治這些實(shí)際問題上彷徨觀望。即使布朗的B方案可以告訴我們哪些可再生能技術(shù)可以使用，哪些糧食作物適宜種植，我們也需要另一種方式來(lái)處理好既得的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和全球金融機(jī)構(gòu)的赤字問題。全球金融機(jī)構(gòu)往往排擠窮人。為此.我們需要C方案。答案及精析56.B【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問的是“布朗試圖在其新書中說(shuō)明什么問題?”。由文章第一段第一句“Thebestestimateofhumanity’seco—logicalfootprintsuggeststhatitnOWexceedstheEarth’sregenerativecapacitybyaround20percent.”可知：關(guān)于人類對(duì)生態(tài)的影響，最正確的估計(jì)說(shuō)明：它已經(jīng)超過了地球的再生才能的20%左右，這與B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。應(yīng)選B。57.C【精析】推理題。題目問的是“布朗認(rèn)為消費(fèi)觀念假如傳人欠興旺中國(guó)家會(huì)導(dǎo)致什么?”。由文章第二段的最后一句“Thegiveawayishiseulogytogreentechn0—fixes.coupledwitllthefearoffast—growingdevelopingcountriescopyingWesternconsumerlifestyles.”可知：加之擔(dān)憂快速增長(zhǎng)的開展中國(guó)家照搬西方的消費(fèi)者的生活方式，上述觀點(diǎn)就成了他為綠色修復(fù)技術(shù)所寫的悼詞。由此可見，布朗認(rèn)為消費(fèi)觀念傳入欠興旺國(guó)家會(huì)導(dǎo)致綠色修復(fù)技術(shù)遭到破壞。應(yīng)選C。58.A【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問的是“在談到布朗對(duì)于環(huán)境惡化的可怕描繪時(shí)，作者認(rèn)為什么?”。由文章第三段第一句“Hisoptimism，though.appearsforcedasherollsout…”可知：他對(duì)物種滅絕，水資短缺，石油消費(fèi)的最終衰落所引發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)亂進(jìn)展描繪，當(dāng)然，也包括氣候變化。他使用了一連串令人沮喪的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。由此可見，他的樂觀，不過是勉強(qiáng)為之。應(yīng)選A。59.B【精析】詞義題。題目問的是“短語(yǔ)‘gunboatdiplomacy’是什么意思?”。“gunboat”意思是“炮艦”，從第四段的最后一句話“Thepoorgetabaddealbecausetheworldisl'unbytheeconomicequiva-lentofgunboatdiplomacy，…”分析^p得知，興旺國(guó)家在與不興旺國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易中往往采取以武力相威脅而從中獲利。應(yīng)選B。60.D【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題目問的是“為什么作者說(shuō)‘我們需要C方案’?”。由文章最后一段的第一句話“Technologicallyoptimisticvisionsoftenhavetoomuchfaiththatchangewillflowfromara—tionaldiscussionaboutsensiblepolicies，whiletiptoein