2019年北京中考英語真題及答案

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2019年北京市初中學業水平考試

英語

知識運用(共14分)

一、單項填空(共6分，每小題分)

從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

1.Mr.Wangiscomingtoourschool.Ican’twaittosee________．

A.herB.himC.itD.them

2.Weplantedsomeflowers________thegardenyesterday.

A.onB.toC.inD.of

3.—Excuseme,________isthisTshirt?

—It’s88yuan.

A.howmuchB.howmanyC.howlongD.howold

4.—Lily,________youfinishtheletterintenminutes?

—Yes,Ican.

A.mustB.shouldC.needD.can

5.Thiscapisnice,________itdoesn’tlookgoodonme.

A.forB.soC.butD.or

6.Julietakesgoodcareofthefamilydog.Sheis________thanherbrother.

A.patientB.morepatientC.mostpatientD.themostpatient

7.Sam________withhisfriendseveryweekend.

A.skatesB.isskatingC.hasskatedD.wasskating

8.—Tom,what’syourdaddoing?

—He________mybike.

A.repairsB.willrepairC.hasrepairedD.isrepairing

9.Ourschoollife________alotsince2017.Wehavemoreactivitiesnow.

A.changesB.changedC.willchangeD.haschanged

10.IfyouwanttovisitthePalaceMuseum,I________ticketsforyoutomorrow.

A.willbookB.bookedC.havebookedD.wasbooking

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11.Myadviceonhowtosavepaper________bymyclasslastMonday.

A.acceptsB.acceptedC.wasacceptedD.isaccepted

12.—Didyounotice________inheroffice?

—Yes.Shewasgoingoverourwriting.

A.whatwasMissLindoing

B.whatMissLinwasdoing

C.whatdoesMissLindo

D.whatMissLindoes

二、完形填空(共8分，每小題1分)

閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。

RunforClassPresident

Twomonthsago,whenourclasselection(選舉)started,Idecidedto

runforclasspresident.Ienjoyedspeakinginpublicandgotalongwell

withpeople,soIfeltiteasytowin.ButIwas13thatpeople

wouldfeelbadformeifIlost.

Iwasbusypreparinginthefollowingweek.Myplanwasn’ttomake

promisestodothingsIcouldn’t14buttoshowmyclasswhyI

wantedtobepresident.Iputupmypostersinhallwaysandintheclassroom.Ialsospent

threehourswritingmyspeech,sayingthatIwastheonetheycouldturntowheneverthey

hadaproblem.SinceIwas15prepared,Ifeltthatmychancesofwinningwerestrong.

However,whenIgavemyspeechonElectionDay,theresponse(反應)wasn’twhatIhad

16.Fewpeopleactuallylistened.Whenitwasmyoppoent’s(對手的)turn,everyonewas

screaminghisname.Hisspeechwasshort,butalltothepoint.Bythen,IrealizedIshould

havemademineshorterandclearer.

Itwasobviouswhowould17.Fortherestoftheday,Ifeltlikeitwasover.I

wantedtojustgohomeandcry,butImadeitthrough.

My18wasright:Ididn’twin.

Thenextday,peoplewerestilltalkingabouttheelection.Ijustpretended(假裝)not

tohear.Butlater,thingsgotbetter.People19abouttheelectionandtalkedtome

justastheydidbefore.

Idon’tregretputtingtimeandenergyintotheelectionbecauseI’velearnedthat

thingsaren’talwaysgoingthewayIexpect.Andmomentsoffailurelikethisbuild20

—sincethenI’velearnedtofacedisappointmentandgrownstronger.

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13.A.boredB.afraidC.excitedD.hopeful

14.A.compareB.rememberC.manageD.repeat

15.A.fullyB.quicklyC.freshlyD.physically

16.A.fearedB.facedC.mentionedD.pictured

17.A.insistB.returnC.waitD.win

18.A.suggestionB.predictionC.directionD.introduction

19.A.forgotB.wroteC.caredD.discussed

20.A.trustB.prideC.characterD.support

閱讀理解(共36分)

三、閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。(共

26分，每小題2分)

A

ExperiencingChina

Mike,Canada

Ispentthreemonthswithmyhostfamily(接待家庭)inChina.Itwasalifetime

experience.IwasabletoexperienceChineselivingandculture,frombasicTaiChito

BeijingOpera.IevenvisitedafamoustraditionalChinesemedicinehospital.NowIhavea

betterunderstandingofChineseculture.

Joanna,Australia

Istayedwithmyhostfamilyforfivemonths.MyhostmotherisaChineseteacherand

sheisreallywarmhearted.Withherhelp,myChinesehasimprovedalot.AndIhavegot

usedtoanewculture.MyfavoritepartoftheexperiencewassharingmyfeelingsinChina

withher.

Bill,America

Myhostmotherisawonderfulcook!ShemakesmeallkindsoftraditionalChinesedishes.

TheyaretastyandIlikethemverymuch.Justlikeme,myhostparentslovetolearnabout

differentcultures.TheyoftenaskmequestionsaboutlifeinAmerica.

Cindy,Germany

RecentlyItookpartinaprogramtostudyChinese.IlivedwithahostfamilyinChina

forsixmonths.Myhostsisterisareallyhardworkingstudent.Itwasamazingtoseehow

shemadeprogressinEnglish.Andacloserelationshiphasdevelopedbetweenus.

21.WhovisitedatraditionalChinesemedicinehospital?

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A.Mike.B.Joanna.C.Bill.D.Cindy.

22.HowlongdidJoannastaywithherhostfamilyinChina?

A.Threemonths.B.Fourmonths.

C.Fivemonths.D.Sixmonths.

23.Cindythinksherhostsisteris________．

A.awonderfulcookB.aresponsibledoctor

C.awarmheartedteacherD.ahardworkingstudent

B

BlueLightning

Sallylovedcarsmorethananythingelse.Thisspringshe

thoughtofbuildingagokarttoenterfortheGoGoRace.Soshe

askedherdadforhelp.

“Well，”hesaid.“Howaboutthis:youdosomeresearch

firstandthencomebacktomewithadesign.”

Aweeklater,SallybroughthernotesanddrawingstoDad.Shenamedhergokart“Blue

Lightning”.Dadlookedoverherwork,thinking.“Well,that’sinteresting，”hesaid.

“Haveatry.JustbuildBlueLightningasyou’vedesigned.”

Overthreeweekendsofhardwork,Sallyturnedherdesignintoareal,workinggokart

andpainteditlightblue.Dadaskedhertotakeitforatestdrive.Sallyagreed.

Aftershedidthat,SallydrovebacktoDad.“Well，”shesaid.“NowIknowwhyyou

wantedmetohaveatestdrive.”

“Oh,doyou？”hesaid.“Pleaseshare.”

“WhenIdrovefast,therewasalotofpushback，”shesaid.“Ithinkit’sbecause

ofthelightningbolt(閃電)shape.”

“Verygood！”Dadsaid.

“So,whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutthatprobleminthefirstplace？”Sallyasked.

Dadlaughed.“Where’sthefuninthat

ifyougiveamanafish,he’lleatforaday.Butifyouteachamantofish,he’ll

eatforalifetime.”

Sallysaid,“Isee.Anyway,designingishalfthefun！”

Dadsmiled.“Good.Sometimes,learninghappensduringtheprocess.Welearnhowtodo

somethingrightbydoingitafewtimesfirstandmakingmistakesalongtheway.”

ThatencouragedSallyandsheworkedevenharder.WhensheshowedDadhernewgokart,

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henoddedwithpride.

Finallycametherace.Sallywasn’tworriedaboutwhethershewouldwininhermind,

shehadalreadywon,bybuildingsomethingbetterthaneverbefore.

24.Sallythoughtofbuildingagokartto________．

A.practicedrivingB.enterforarace

C.playwithfriendsD.dosomeresearch

25.WhatdidSally’sdadaskhertodoaftershebuiltthegokart?

A.Tohaveatestdrive.B.Totakeagoodrest.

C.Togiveitacoolname.D.Topaintitlight

blue.

26.Sally’sstorymainlytellsusthat________．

A.winningaraceisimportantB.fishingbringsusa

lotoffun

C.drivingexperienceisnecessaryD.learninghappensduringtheprocess

C

Sometimesitseemsthattimeisflying.Perhapsitdoesn’tneedtofeelthisway.Our

experienceoftimecanbepossiblychanged.Byunderstandingthepsychological(心理學

的)processesbehindourdifferentexperiencesoftime,wemightbeabletoslowdowntimea

little.

Onebasiclawofpsychologicaltimeisthattimeseemstoslowdownwhenwe’re

exposed(接觸)tonewenvironmentsandexperiences.Thelawiscausedbytherelationship

betweenourexperienceoftimeandtheamountofinformationourmindsprocess.Themore

informationourmindstakein,theslowertimeseemstopass.

Itfollows,then,thatwehavedifferentexperiencesoftimeindifferentsituations.In

somesituations,ourlifeisfullofnewexperiences.Ourmindsprocessalotofinformation

andtimeseemstoslowdown.Inothersituations,wehavefewernewexperiencesandthe

worldaroundusbecomesmoreandmorefamiliar(熟悉的).Webecomeinsensitivetoour

experience,whichmeansweprocesslessinformation,andtimeseemstospeedup.

HowcanweslowdowntimeHerearetwosuggestions.

Firstly,sinceweknowthatfamiliaritymakestimepassfaster,wecanexposeourselves

toasmanynewexperiencesaspossible.Wecangiveourselvesnewchallenges,meetnew

people,andexposeourmindstonewinformation,hobbiesandskills.Thiswillincreasethe

amountofinformationourmindsprocessandexpand(增加)ourexperienceoftime.

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Secondly,andperhapsmosteffectively,wecangiveourwholeattentiontoanexperience

－towhatweareseeing,feeling,tasting,smellingorhearing.Thismeanslivingthrough

oursensesratherthanthroughourthoughts.Forexample,onthewayhome,focusyour

attentionoutsideofyourself,insteadofthinkingabouttheproblemsyouhavetodealwith.

Lookatthesky,oratthebuildingsyoupass,travelingamongthem.Thisopenattitudeto

yourexperienceshelpstakeinmoreinformationandalsohasatime－expandingeffect.

Toacertaindegree,wecanunderstandandcontrolourexperienceoftimepassing.It’s

possibleforustoslowdowntimebyexpandingourexperienceoftime.

27.Accordingtothewriter,wecanexpandourexperienceoftimeby________．

A.goingtobedontimeB.travelingtonewplaces

C.havingdinnerasusualD.printingthesame

materials

28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Beingfamiliarwiththeworldaroundhelpsusgetmoreinformation.

B.Understandingpsychologicaltimemakeslifepassmorequickly.

C.Wecantakeinmoreinformationbylivingthroughoursenses.

D.Weshouldbuildastrongerrelationshipbetweentimeandus.

29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SlowDownTimeB.OnlyTimeWillTell

C.RaceAgainstTimeD.TimeWillNotComeTwice

D

HowMuchCanWeAffordtoForget?

In2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschools

shouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstime

memorizingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.Asthe

Internetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscanaccess(獲得)knowledgeeasily.

Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?

Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.In

theAgricultural(農業的)Age,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocieties

industrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachines

giveusaccesstomosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermost

things.Doesitmatter?

Researchershaverecognizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshave

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biases(偏見),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelieve

smartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougha

repeatedtestimgandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthe

correctanswers.

Anotherproblemrelatestotheeaseofaccessinginformation.Whentherewereno

computers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.

Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,

theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief

－theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.

Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence,wehaveeasyaccesstosmartmemory

networkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesof

beingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourwell－being(健

康)dependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwe

gethungry,withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythat

civilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.

Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderforms

ofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,

perhapsthey’renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,wegraduallybut

unquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.

30.Whyaresmartmachineslikelytoincreaseourbiases?

A.Becausetheygooffcourseintestingandscoring.

B.Becausewecontrolthetrainingprocessonthem.

C.Becauseweofferthemtoomuchinformation.

D.Becausetheyoverusetheprovidedanswers.

31.TheeaseofaccessinginformationfromtheInternet________．

A.freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskills

B.preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeed

C.misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledge

D.separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines

32.Theword“collapse”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”．

A.asuddenfailureB.thebasicrule

C.adisappointingstartD.thegradualdevelopment

33.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

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A.Toquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.

B.Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.

D.Toremindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember.

四、閱讀短文，根據短文回答問題(共10分，每小題2分)

HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpected

IcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean(北冰洋).Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemoving

islands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.

Scientistshavediscoveredhugewaves(海浪)inthearcticwaters.

ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhis

studentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.

OnMay2,theshiptraveledeastandstoppednexttoalargechunk

oficearound50milesfromthesmallislandofHopen.Marchenko

preparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice.

“WewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmany

cracks(裂縫)around，”heremembers.

Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,

hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theship

experiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundthe

shipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.

Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.The

ship’snavigation(航行)systemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20

feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupand

down,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadnever

imaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.

Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhen

theyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoare

unpreparedforhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbears

andwalrusesthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.

Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesintheseicywaters.As

wavesbreakupice,theseaswillbecomemoreopen,andthewaveswillgetevenstronger.

Therearestormytimesahead.

34.WhendidMarchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoverhugewavesinthearcticwaters?

35.WhydidMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonthetrip?

36.WhatdidMarchenkodecidetodotokeepsafe?

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37.Howhighwerethelargestwavesrecordedbythenavigationsystem?

38.WhatisParagraph7mainlyabout?

書面表達(共10分)

五、文段表達(10分)

39.從下面兩個題目中任選一題，根據中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作。文中已

給出內容不計入總詞數。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。

題目①

假如你是李華，你們學校正在開展“安全月”宣傳活動，倡議大家制作關于安全教育的主題海報，你

們班交換生Peter給你發郵件詢問相關事情。請用英語回復一封郵件，告訴他海報上交的時間，并分享你

設計海報的一些想法。

提示詞語：design,safetyrule,careful,protect,picture

提示問題：●Whenshouldyouhandintheposter?

●WhatwouldyouliketosharewithPeteraboutdesigningtheposter?

DearPeter,

I’mgladtoreceiveyouremail.

Ifthereisanythingmorethaticanhelpwith,pleaselet

meknow.

Yours,

LiHua

題目②

自律，即自我約束，是自我提升的一種途徑，有助于我們成長，促使我們不斷前行。

某英文網站正在開展以“自律”為主題的征文活動。假如你是李華，請用英語寫一篇短文投稿，談談

為了增強自律意識，你做過什么，以及這樣做給你帶來的好處。

提示詞語：selfdisciplined(自律的),plan,goal,habit,improve

提示問題：●Whatdidyoudotobeselfdisciplined?

●Whatbenefitshaveyougotfromdoingso?

1010

Self-disciplineplaysanimportantroleinyourlife.

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2019年北京市初中學業水平考試

英語參考答案

1-5BCADC6-10BADDA11-15CBBCA

16-20DDBAC