B3U1單元小練Ⅰ.閱讀理解ABruges，BelgiumIfyou'veseenthemovieInBruges,youprobablyknowalittlebitaboutthiscity.AndeventhoughColinFarrell'scharacterkeepssayingit'sboring，youcan'tdenythebeautyofthismedievalcity.TheGothicarchitectureisjustmesmerizing，allthoseprettybuildingswrappedinvinesthatbecomeallshadesofcrimsoninthefall—it'safeastforyoureyes.Andthecanals，youhavetotakeaboatridethroughthecanalswhenyou'rethere—it'sincredible.Plus，theyhavethemostcharmingopenairmarketsthatworkallthewayuntiltheendofNovember，andit'salsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolateyou'lleverhaveinyourlife.Piedmont，ItalyIfyoulikewineandgoodfood，autumnisyourpeakseasonforvisitingItaly.FallisvineyardharvesttimesodefinitelygotoPiedmont.Theyalsohavelotsofdifferentfoodfestivalsintheautumnhere，soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles，chestnutsorchocolate，Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall.LoireValley，FranceForthoseofyouwhowanttowitnessthecolorfuldisplaysofautumnwithaglassofwineinyourhand，LoireValleyisyourbestdestination.ThisregionofFranceisfamousforitsvineyardsandlateOctoberisthepeakseasonifyouwanttoseeallthevineyardsinablazeofred，orangeandgoldenhues.It'strulyasighttobehold.Amsterdam，theNetherlandsAmsterdamisbeautifulatanytimeoftheyear，butthere'sjustsomethingincrediblyromanticandpicturesqueaboutgoingonabikerideinAmsterdamintheautumn.Allthebeautifultreescoveredinredandorangeleaves，themazeofcanalsreflectingthegoldenraysofthesun，beautifulandcharmingarchitectureofthehousesthatstandalongsidethecanalslookabitmagicalinthefall.1．Inhowmanyplacescanyouenjoywineaccordingtothepassage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three. D．Four.2．WhatcanvisitorstasteinbothBrugesandPiedmont?A．Truffles.B．Mushrooms.C．Chocolate. D．Chestnuts.3．Whichactivitycanbeincludedtoyourautumntrip?A．VisitmanyhistoricsitesinPiedmont.B．WatchthemovieInBrugesinBelgium.C．TakeaboatridethroughthecanalsinAmsterdam.D．GetthebestviewofthevineyardsinLoireValleyinlateOctober.BYearsago,Ibecameinvolvedinpettherapy(治療)work.Withdiggingdeeperintothejob,Ihadanurgetobearecorderofthepets'dailyworktoletmoreandmorepeopleknowtheireffortsandcontributions.Afterall,theycouldnotspeakourlanguages.ItwaswhenIgotfamiliarwiththeworkthatIgotmygoldenretriever(金毛尋回犬),whomInamedAngel.Asshematuredandwentthroughobediencetraining,Irealizedthatshewouldbeagoodpartner.Angelistennowandstillworkseveryweek.Asarule,shevisitstwohospitals,adaycarecenterfortheelderly,andourlibrary'sPAWSforReadingprogram.Angelhasalsohelpedoutatachildren'sspecialneedscamp.Sheissopopularthateverywherewegopeoplerecognizeher,especiallythekidsshehasworkedwith.Wehaveseensomeveryspecialthingsthroughourpettherapywork.IbroughtAngeltoourlocalhospitaltovisitawomanwhowascompletelyparalyzed(癱瘓的)onherrightsidefromastroke.Oneday,myhusband,Jack,askedherifshewantedtogiveAngelatreat.Shenodded.Angelgentlytookthetreat.ThenthewomanraisedherrighthandandstartedpettingAngel.Herfriendwasintheroomandsaid,“Shehasn'tbeenabletomovethathandsinceshehadherstroke！”SomehowitseemsappropriatethatwhenAngelvisitsthehospital,shealsoperformstricksforthepatientswithherpaws.Thebestoneiswhenshecrouchesonthefloorandcrossesherpaws.Shestaysstillanddoesn'tmoveuntilJacksays“Bestwishes”.It'sthebestwishesforallthepeopleAngelmeetsaswellasforherself.4．Whydoestheauthorwanttobearecorder?A．Petscannotrecordthemselves.B．Petsshouldbehighlypraised.C．Pets'laborshouldberecognized.D．Pets'dailyworkisimportant.5．HowisAngel'swork?A．Busybutrewarding.B．Interestingbuttiring.C．Funnyandamusing.D．Importantanddemanding.6．WhatdidAngeldofortheparalyzedwoman?A．Shecuredherdisease.B．Shevisitedherattimes.C．Shegaveherbestwishes.D．Sheplayedtricksonher.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ALoyalDogB．SelflessLoveC．ASilentAngel D．GreatDevotionCTheAssassin'sCreedserieshasbeenaboutbuildingimmersive(沉浸式的)andaccuratehistoricalworlds.AstheirnewestgamereleasesAssassin'sCreedOrigins，theyhavealsoreleasedtheirDiscoveryTours.ThesetoursgiveplayersachancetowalkthestreetsofancientEgypt，exploreAlexandriaandthepyramids，andlearnaboutwildlifeandgeography.Forstudents，experiencingtheancientworldinthisinteractivewaycanbemoreinterestingandeffectivethanjustreadingatextbookorwatchingadocumentaryaboutwhattheyarestudying.Assassin'sCreedisnottheonlygameseriesthatcanbeeducationaleither.Whatisimportantabouttheroleofhistoricalgamesisthelevelofchoice.Whenwatchingafilm，studentsarepassivereceiversofthecontent.However，whenplayingagamestudentshaveanactiveroletoplayinhistory.Afocusonchoicesandconsequencesisanimportantelementofteachingandunderstandinghistory，sohistoricalgamescanbeavaluableteachingtooleveniftheyaren'tcompletelyhistoricallyaccurate.Theyhavethepowertoimmersestudentsinfarawayworldsandallowthemtothinkcriticallyaboutthecauseandconsequence，thinkaboutwhyhistoricaleventsunfoldedinthewaytheydid，andeventhinkaboutpossiblealternativeoutcomes.Allofthesearecriticalforhistoricalthinkingprocesses.Nolongerdostudentsneedtorelyonlyonreadingtextbooksoroninstructorsforknowledge.Whencarryingthisoutinyourclass，rememberthatnotallstudentsenjoyplayingvideogames，buttheycanstillbeavaluablelearningtool.Theinstructoralsoneedstobeanactivefacilitatorandtakenoteofteachablemoments.Avideogameisnotgoingtoteachaclass；itrequiresanawesomeinstructortomakeeverythingcometogether.Withthepowerofvideogames，ancientworldsnolongerneedtobelimitedtothepagesofatextbook.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thisinteractiveway”inparagraph1referto?A．Walkinganancientstreet.B．Playinganewgame.C．Readingatextbook.D．Watchingadocumentary.9．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutAssassin'sCreed?A．Whyitisdifferentfromthefilm.B．Whyitgainspopularity.C．Howitbenefitsteaching.D．Howitcameintobeing.10．Whoplaysacoreroleingame-aidedteaching?A．TheteachersB．TheplayersC．ThedesignersD．Theaudiences11．What'sthekeymessageofthistext?A．Avividdescriptionofancientarchitecture.B．Anaccountofanewhistorylearningmethod.C．Adetailedexplanationofasocialproblem.D．Anonlineadvertisementofastylishtrend.DIt'slateintheevening:timetoclosethebookandturnoffthecomputer.You'redonefortheday.Whatyoumaynotrealize,however,isthatthelearningprocessactuallycontinuesinyourdreams.Itmightsoundlikesciencefiction,butresearchersareincreasinglyfocusingontherelationshipbetweentheknowledgeandskillsourbrainsabsorbduringthedayandtheoftenstrangeimaginingstheygenerateatnight.Scientistshavefoundthatdreamingaboutataskwe'velearnedimprovesperformanceinthatactivity(suggestingthatthere'ssometruthtothepopularideathatwe're“getting”aforeignlanguageoncewebegindreaminginit)．What'smore,dreamingmaybeanessentialpartofunderstanding,organizingandretainingwhatwelearned.Whilewesleep,researchindicates,thebrainreplaysthepatternsofactivityitexperiencedduringwakinghours,allowingustoenterwhatonepsychologistcallsaneural(神經的)virtualreality.Avividexampleofsuchreplayscanbeseeninavideoresearchersmaderecentlyaboutsleepdisorders.Theytaughtaseriesofdancemovestopatientssufferingfromsleepwalkingandrelatedconditions.Theythenvideotapedthesubjectsastheyslept.Lyinginbed,eyesclosed,onefemalepatientonthevideoperformsthedancemovesshelearnedearlier.Thisshowsthatwhileourbodiesareatrest,ourbrainsaredrawingwhat'simportantfromtheinformationandeventswe'verecentlyencountered,thenintegratingthatmaterialintothevaststoreofwhatwealreadyknow.Ina2010study,researchersreportedthatcollegestudentswhodreamedaboutacomputermaze(迷宮)tasktheyhadlearnedshowedatenfoldimprovementintheirabilitytofindtheirwaythroughthemazecomparedwithparticipantswhodidnotdreamaboutthetask.RobertStickgold,oneoftheHarvardresearchers,suggestedthatstudyingrightbeforebedtimeortakinganapfollowingastudysessionintheafternoonmightincreasetheprobabilityofdreamingaboutthematerial.Thinkaboutthatasyougotosleeptonight.12．Whathappenswhenoneentersadreamstate?A．Thebodycontinuestoactasifthesleeperwereawake.B．Theneuralactivityofthebrainwillbecomeintensified.C．Thebrainonceagainexperiencesthelearningactivitiesoftheday.D．Thebrainbehavesasifitwereplayingavirtualrealityvideogame.13．Whatdoesthebraindowhilewearesleeping?A．Itreplacesoldinformationwithnewmaterial.B．Itprocessesandabsorbsnewlyacquiredinformation.C．Itregroupsinformationandplacesitindifferentfiles.D．Itsystematizesalltheinformationcollectedduringtheday.14．HowcanlearningbeenhancedaccordingtoRobertStickgold?A．Stayinguplatebeforefinallygoingtobed.B．Havingaperiodofsleeprightafterstudying.C．Havingadreamaboutanythingyouareinterestedin.D．Thinkingaboutthechancesofdreamingaboutthematerial.15．Whatistheresearchdiscussedinthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howstudyaffectspeople'sdreams.B．Whypeoplelearnmoreaftersleeping.C．Whattimestudentsshouldstudyandsleep.D．Howdreamingmayleadtoimprovedlearningoutcomes.Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Havesomeoneevertoldyou“Ifyoueatbeforebedtime，youaremorelikelytogetfat”？1ThisbelieforiginatedwhenresearchersfoundtherelationbetweenindividualssnackinglateatnightandhavingaBMIthatcategorizesthemasobese(肥胖的)people.Iseatinglateatnight，especiallyafter8p．m.，reallygoingtomakeyougainweight？Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)slowsdownwhenyouareasleep.2Thusthecaloriesyougetrightbeforebedtimewillnotbeburnedasmuchastheywillbewhileyou'reawake.Althoughthescienceseemsprettysound，recentstudieshaveshownthatmetabolismchangesverylittle，ifatall，whileyouareasleep.3Theheartisstillbeating，lungsarestillworking，andthebrainisstillveryactive.Alloftheseactionstakeenergy，meaningwhileweareasleep，wearestillburningcalories.4Asweknow，onephysiologicaleffectofinsulin(胰島素)isstoringfat.Foodbeingconsumedlateatnightwillmorelikelybestoredawayduetothehigherlevelsofinsulinpresentinthebloodsystem.However，insulinlevelsatnightareshowntobenodifferentthaninsulinlevelsduringmidday.Ifitistruethateatingwithhighinsulinlevelscausesyoutogainweight，anyoneeatinganytimeafterthemorningwillbecomefat.SohowcomeindividualshavehigherBMIswhentheysnackatnight？Itissimplyaresultofgettingtoomanycalories.Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories，suchasicecream，candy，potatochipsandsoftdrinks.Putsimply，ifyougetmorecaloriesthanyouburn，regardlessofthetimeoftheday，youwillgainweight.5A．Withaslowmetabolism，fewcaloriesarebeingburned.B．Whileyouareasleep，yourbodystillfunctionsinmanyways.C．Alllivingmatterundergoesaprocessofmetabolism.D．Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.E．Withouteverquestioningit，peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue.F．Besides，insulinlevelsaredramaticallylowerinthemorningthanatnight.G．Anothertheoryisthatlatenightsnackingleadstorisinginsulinlevels.Ⅲ.完形填空Diegoisinfrontofagroupofpeople.He'sblindfolded,buthecanstillshowthesepeoplesomething1，whichhecalls“theartof2”.First,theaudiencerandomly3sixtynumbers.Afterthat,ahelperreadsthe4toDiego.Then,afterhearingthemjustasingletime,Diego5thenumbersinthecorrectorderfrommemory.Hedoesthisfirstintheorderhehearsthem,thenagain—backwards!Theaudiencethencheerindisbelief.Diegohasaveryspecialkindofmemory.He6，“It'sakindofmemorythatis7withwhatIexperience.ItmeansthateveryideaIlearnandeverythingIreadbecomesapartofme.Normally,someonewhodoesn'thavethisspecialabilityandhasn'ttrainedtheirmemory8tojustforgetthings.Notme.”Diegosaysthatwithhisspecial9，hecanrememberevery10ofeverydayofhislifesincehewaslessthanthreeyearsold!Ifthereisamemorygene(基因),Diegop