3SectionOneTacticsforListeningPart1Phonetics-Stress,IntonationandAccent1.A:Doyouwantsomegrapes?精品文檔放心下載精品文檔放心下載B:thanks,Ithem.謝謝閱讀2.A:WhatdoyouthinkofScotland?B:I’veneverbeenthere.精品文檔放心下載3.A:Myson’scalledDavid.感謝閱讀B:isshe?4.A:Ibookatablefortonight,please?B:Certainly.Howmanyisitfor?A:There’llbethreethem.感謝閱讀5.A:somecornflakes?B:Doyouwantalargeorsmallpacket?A:Asmallone.感謝閱讀1.A:a.wantgrapesB:a.b.them謝謝閱讀2.A:athinkScotlandB:a.b.there感謝閱讀3.A:a.callDavidB:a.b.he謝謝閱讀4.A:a.tonightB:a.certainlyA:a.threeb.them精品文檔放心下載5.A:a.cornflakesB:a.largeorsmallb.packetA:a.smallb.謝謝閱讀Part2ListeningNote-taking

ATerritory精品文檔放心下載Whenwetalkaboutaterritory,wemeanadefendedspace.Animalshave精品文檔放心下載theirterritories,whichtheymarktheirpersonalscent.The感謝閱讀scentistheirterritorialsignal.Humanbeingsotherterritorial謝謝閱讀signals.Therearethreekindsofhumanterritory,markedbydifferent

territorialsignals.精品文檔放心下載First,theretheTribalTerritories,whichinmodemtermsare謝謝閱讀knowncountries.Countrieshaveanumberofterritorialsignals.Thebordersoftenguardedbysoldiersandtheyusuallyhavecustomsbarriers,flags,signs.Othersignalsofthetribalterritoryareuniformsandnationalanthems.Thesesignalsareimportant,becausetheythevisitorthatheisenteringaforeigncountryand,whilehethere,hemustbehavelikeavisitor.感謝閱讀thereistheFamilyTerritory,atcenteristhebedroom.Thisisusuallyasfaraspossiblefromthefrontdoor.Betweenthebedroomandthefrontdoorarethespaceswherevisitorsareallowedtoenter.behavedifferentlywhenthey’reinsomeoneelse’shouse.Assoonastheycomeupthedrivewaythroughthefront--thefirstfamilyterritory--areinareawhichbelongtothem.Theydofeelathome,becauseitfullofotherbelongings--fromtheflowersinthegardentothechairs,tables,carpets,ornaments,otherthingsinthehouse.Inthesameway,whenafamilygoestothebeachortotheparkforapicnic,theymarkoutasmallterritorywithtowels,baskets,andotherbelongings;otherfamiliesrespectthis,andtrytositdownrightbesidethem.Finally,thereisthePersonalTerritory.Inpublicplaces,peopleautomaticallymarkoutanareaofpersonalspace.Ifamanentersawaitingandsitsatoneendofarowchairs,itispossibletopredictwherethenextmanwillsit.Itbenexttohimorattheotheroftheroom,buthalfwaybetween.Inacrowdedspacelikeatrain,wecan’tmuchpersonalterritory,sowestandlookingstraightinfrontusblankfaces.Wedon’tortalktoanyonearoundus.ExerciseA:Listentothepassageandwritedownthemissingwords.感謝閱讀1.Whenwetalkaterritory,wemeanadefendedspace.謝謝閱讀2.Thesesignalsareimportant,becausetheywarnthevisitorthatenteringaforeigncountry.謝謝閱讀3.Peoplebehavedifferentlywhenthey’reinsomeoneelse’shouse.精品文檔放心下載4.Inplaces,automaticallymarkanareaofpersonalspace.謝謝閱讀5.Itwon’tnexttoorattheotheroftheroom,buthalfwaybetween.ExerciseB:精品文檔放心下載ATerritoryI.Territory,aspace感謝閱讀A.TerritoryismarkedbyterritorialAnimalsmarktheirterritorieswiththeirpersonalscent,theirterritorialsignals.│謝謝閱讀b.Humanbeingshavethreekindsofhumanterritory,markeddifferentterritorialsignals.II.kindsofhumanterritoryA.TribalTerritoriescountries感謝閱讀a.Countrieshaveanumberofterritorialsignals.1.Theguardedsoldiers,customsbarriers,flags,signs謝謝閱讀2.Uniformsnationalanthems.B.FamilyTerritory謝謝閱讀a.FamilyTerritory1.Thefront2.The謝謝閱讀b.Whenafamilygoestothebeachtotheforapicnic,theymarkasmallterritorywithbelongings感謝閱讀PersonalTerritorya.Inpublicplacespeopleautomaticallymarkoutanareapersonal精品文檔放心下載b.Inacrowdedspace,westandlookingstraightinfrontofuswithblank謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀SectionTwoListeningComprehension

Part1Dialogues感謝閱讀Dialogue1CreditCard—IrecentlytouringaroundAmericafoundthereachapIwaswith...謝謝閱讀He...webookedinanAmericanorganizationintoahotel,paid感謝閱讀forbythem,buttheywouldnotgothroughthelobbytoroom感謝閱讀unlesstheyhadacreditcardnumbertoprovethathewasahumanbeing精品文檔放心下載thattrustworthy.right.)Inwordstothe謝謝閱讀stagenowwithcreditcards,howeverfriendlyyoulook,howeverwealthy感謝閱讀youlook,howeverniceyoulook...(That’sright,itmatter,精品文檔放心下載theyjustwanttoseethatnumber.)Excuseme,whereisyourcreditcard?感謝閱讀—BecauseyouknowyouamajorautomobileintheStates,you

know,youwithout,withoutusingacreditcard,yout,精品文檔放心下載精品文檔放心下載youknowlikeweresaying,gointoahotel...謝謝閱讀—Ithinkthatunderneaththatisthesocietyinwhich謝謝閱讀onlygoodifyouhavenumbersattachedtoyou,(Mm.)thatarecomputerized,謝謝閱讀(Yeah.)andcantraceyou,andeverybody’sinsuredagainsteverybodyelse謝謝閱讀(Yeah.)and...thatsidecreditIfindratherupsetting.感謝閱讀—It’sugly,isn’tit?感謝閱讀—alotofpeople,agreatfacility,ifdisciplined精品文檔放心下載it.Key:1.D2.DCDialogue2CardInsurances精品文檔放心下載—tellyouaboutoneawfulexperiencethathappenedtome,erm,

Itookout,erm...thesecardinsurancesthatcoveryourcards(Mm.)should

yourcardsstolenandIhadmyhandbagsnatched*inastoreimmediatelythestoresecurity,wereveryquick,metheirofficeandwephonedthecreditcardsthatIme,withintenminutes.精品文檔放心下載—Whichiswhattheytellyouto謝謝閱讀—When,Ithetimewe’dtothemitabouthalfanafterthehadbeensnatched.Gottothetopfloortheoffice,startedringinground,andthewholethingwasdonewithinhour.Erm,

whenthebagwassnatcheditwentthroughapparentlyachainofpeople,the

store,itwenttwomilesawaytheymanagedto...threedifferentpeoplehad

spentover￡2,000onfourofmycards...—you’reonlyliable*forthefirst謝謝閱讀—Iliableforit.BecausethankgoodnessIhadthisinsurance.感謝閱讀—Noneofit.Yeah.—...—Touchwood*Thatwas...精品文檔放心下載—...They’dspentitwithintwentyminutesofstealing.

—That’sincredible,isn’tit?謝謝閱讀—thethingthatabsolutelyhorrifiedmeIclosetolimitsontwoof

thecards,thethatIdocleareverymonth–mm.)I

closetothelimitI’mallowedthose,andthey,boththosecardstheywent

intobanks,saidtheywereme,(No!)welloverwhatthetoplimitwould

been.感謝閱讀—Really!Wellittoshow,youcouldintoabankmorethanyoucouldpossiblypayoff謝謝閱讀—Icouldn’tprobably,becauseItheysay,“No,you’vespent

itallalready!”精品文檔放心下載—Right,right.Key:FFF4.TT6.TF8.T感謝閱讀Part2PassageCreditCardsThesystemcreditcardsoperatesinmuchthesameasa

storecreditaccountexceptthattheisrestrictedtomakingpurchases

inoneplace.精品文檔放心下載Cardsbepresentedatplacewherethebankcardsigndisplayed,thatcouldataaservicestation,ahotel,arestaurant

orinfactatallkindsbusinesses.謝謝閱讀Thesalesassistantimprintsthecarddetailsontoasalesvoucher*

whichthecustomersigns,andthecardisthenreturnedtothecustomer.Each

monththebanksendstheholderacreditcardstatementsettingwherepurchasesmadetotallingwhatisowing.Apaymenttowithin25ofthedateofthestatement,noecessarilythefull

amount.Ifthecustomerpaysinfullwithinthistimetheuseofthecarddoescostanything.Butifhedecidestotheminimum

repaymentshownthestatement--5or5%oftheoutstanding*

balance*,which-isthegreater--automaticallychoosestothe

system’sextendedrepaymentfacility.Theremainingbalanceisthencarried

forwardandattractsinterestattherateof2.25%month.Bankcardsaremoreversatilethanstorecreditaccountsin

thattheyalsoenablepeopletoobtaincash.Anydisplayingthebank

cardsignwillarrangeacashadvance*foracardholder,beisoftheircustomers.Fordrawninthiswaythebank

makesachargetherate2.25%amonthcalculateddailyfromthedaythe

advanceisobtained.Detailsofcashadvancesonthemonthly

cardstatement.精品文檔放心下載謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀Thebankcreditcardsystemoperatesentirelyseparatelyfromcheque

accountsneverthelessitisacustomer’spreviousrelationshipwith

hisbankthatisusedasaguidetotheamountofcredithewillbeextended.Whenacard

isissuedapersonalcreditlimitisimposedindicatingthemaximumthatcanbeowingatanyonetime.Thisisconfidential*between

customerandanddoesonthecard.謝謝閱讀ExerciseA:Thesystemcreditcardsoperatesinmuchthesameasa

storecreditaccountexceptthattheholderisrestrictedtopurchasesinoneplace.Bankcardscanpresentedatplacewhere

thebankcardsignisdisplayedandinfactatallkindsofbusinesses.

Bankcreditcardsalsoenabletoobtaincash.精品文檔放心下載謝謝閱讀感謝閱讀ExerciseB:1.A2.CC4.BDD7.BB精品文檔放心下載ExerciseC:1.Wherebankcreditcardsbepresented?謝謝閱讀Bankcardscanbepresentedplacewherethebankcard

signisdisplayed,e.g.atashop,aservicestation,ahotel,arestaurant,etc.2.Whatthebanksendtheholdereachmonth?感謝閱讀謝謝閱讀Eachmonththebanksendstheholderacreditcardstatementsetting

wherepurchasesweremadeandtotallingisowing.3.Whentheholderhasreceivedthecreditcardstatement,arethe

choiceshasonhand?謝謝閱讀感謝閱讀Thecustomercanpayinfullwithindaysthedatethestatement

ortheminimumrepaymentshownthestatement.4.Whybankcreditcardsmoreversatilethanstorecreditaccounts?

theyalsoenablepeopletoobtaincash.感謝閱讀感謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載5.Whatisindicatingthemaximumthatcanbeowingone

timewhenacardisissued?感謝閱讀Whenacardisissuedapersonalcreditlimitisimposedindicating

themaximumthatcanbeowingonetime.精品文檔放心下載謝謝閱讀Part3Item1Thousandspublicworkersbeguntodemonstrateviolently

againstaretirementreformplanpassedbyBrazilianlawmakersWednesday.

Demonstratorsclashedwithriotpoliceinfrontofafterthechamberdeputiesapprovedthemeasure.Brazilianmediareportssayatleast60people

injured.SomedemonstratorssaidthepresidenthadbetrayedthemseekingapprovalthemeasureinCongress.Themeasureisdesignedtocutretirementassistance,raisetheretirementpublic

workersandtaxtheirretirementmoney.Thegovernmentsaysthechangesare

necessarytosavethegovernmentthousandsofmillionsdollars.ExerciseA:謝謝閱讀Thisnewsitemisaboutpublicworkers’reactiontoaretirementreform謝謝閱讀planpassedbyBrazilianlawmakers.謝謝閱讀ExerciseB:Thousandspublicworkersbeguntodemonstrateviolently

againstaretirementreformplanpassedbyBrazilianlawmakersWednesday.

Demonstratorsclashedwithriotpoliceinfrontofafterthe

chamberdeputiesapprovedthemeasure.精品文檔放心下載精品文檔放心下載SomedemonstratorssaidthepresidenthadbetrayedthembyapprovalofthemeasureinCongress.Themeasureisdesignedtocut

retirementassistance,raisetheretirementagepublicworkerstax

theirretirementmoney.感謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載感謝閱讀Item2AccordingtoareporttoCongress,morethan4.5millionstudentsendure

sexualmisconduct*employeestheirschools,from

inappropriatejokesallthewaytoforcedsex.精品文檔放心下載Theestimateavailableshowsnearlyinkidsfaces

misbehaviourrangingfromunprofessionaltocriminalsometimebetween

kindergartenand12thgrade.感謝閱讀謝謝閱讀感謝閱讀Thereport,deliveredtoCongressWednesday,isthefirstto

analyzeresearchaboutsexualmisconductatschools.

Someeducatorstookissuewiththewaythereportcombinessexual

abuseotherbehaviourssuchasinappropriatejokes,inbroad

categoryofsexualmisconduct.謝謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載精品文檔放心下載謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀ExerciseA:Thisnewsitemisprevalentsexualmisconductenduredstudents

accordingtoareporttoCongress.感謝閱讀ExerciseB:精品文檔放心下載1.B2.DC4.AItem3TherecessionandtheprospectofanotherstrikeinHollywoodcould

combinetomakeitamiserableYearfortheentertainmentbusiness.The

creditcrunchismakingitmuchmoredifficultforstudiostofundingfor

budgetpictures.Highearningactorsarebeingaskedtotheirexpectationsandmoresalaries.

TheScreenActorsGuilditwillballotits120,000members

onapossiblestrike,althoughita75pervoteinfavorbeforea

walkoutcanbeauthorizedbytheunion’sleaders.精品文檔放心下載感謝閱讀感謝閱讀謝謝閱讀Themoodmanyisthatnowisthetimetorocktheboatandthat

thefightoverpaymentsforworktheinternetshouldwaituntilalater

date.精品文檔放心下載感謝閱讀ExerciseA:Listentothenewsitemcompletethesummary.

ThisitemistheimpactofrecessiononHollywood.

ExerciseB:Listentothenewsitemagainanddecidewhetherthefollowing

statementsaretrueorfalse.感謝閱讀感謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載謝謝閱讀1.FTTFTF精品文檔放心下載SectionThreeOralWorkRetellingTen-year-oldAnjaLeadidtowashthedishes.andmotherwerearguing.Themotherwasthreateningandbribingher.Iasked

AnjaLeahowmuchshefeltunderstoodbyhermotheraboutwhydidnot

todothewashingup.Hereisaofdialogue.感謝閱讀“Okay,soMomwantsyoutotheyoudon’twantto.Plus

Momsaidsheisn’tgoingtotakeyoutoschooluntilyouthem?Isthat謝謝閱讀rightsofar?”“Yes.”“Okay,soprobablefeelingforced…?”“Yes.”感謝閱讀“Andthreatened…?”“Yes.”“Okay.Andmuchyoufeelunderstoodyourmom?From0“Zero!”謝謝閱讀IthenaskedAnjaLeatoexplainshedidn’twanttotheThemoreshetalkedandthemoreIthemoreshefeltunderstood.

Somewherealongtheway,shestartedwashingthedisheswithoutmore

argumentsorprotest!InafewminutesIaskedhowmuchfelt

understoodme.said8.Iaskedwhatshewantedmeto

understand.Whenshetoldme,Icheckedagaintoseemuchshefelt

understood.Thistimeitaperfect10andthedisheswerefinished

too!精品文檔放心下載thistheendofthisstory.Whenshewasinthecaronthewayto

schoolAnjaLeavoluntarilyapologizedtomotherforgivingsuchahardtime.Themotherapologizedinreturn,theybothacceptedtheother’sapologythensharedafewtearsalovinghug.精品文檔放心下載SectionFourSupplementaryExercisesPassage1謝謝閱讀Parent-TeacherAssociations精品文檔放心下載6millionpeopletheUnitedStatestoparent-teacher

associations*,orPTA.PTA’sworkistohelpschoolsandstudentsintheir

communities.謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀Membersgivetheirtimetoservecommittees.Theyplanschool

projectsspecialactivities,suchsalesandothereventstoassistschools.

Membersalsoserveasactivistsforissues*before精品文檔放心下載governmentagenciesandotherorganizations.Therenational,state

localPTAorganizations.PTAexistinthe50Americanstatesand

theDistrictofColumbia.ThePTAalsooperatesintheUnitedStatesVirgin

IslandsandinDepartmentofDefenseschoolsinthePacificEurope.These

areschoolsforchildrenofAmericanmilitaryfamilies.精品文檔放心下載ThreewomenareresponsibleforestablishingtheParent-Teacher

Association.Twoofthem,AliceMcLellanBirneyandPhoebeAppersonHearst,

establishedtheCongressMothersBothwomenlivedWashington,D.C.精品文檔放心下載感謝閱讀AliceBirneyproposedtheplanforthegroupin1895.Twoyearslater,

shemetPhoebeHearswhoprovidedthemoneytostarttheorganization.

Later,fathers,educatorsandotherinterestedcitizensjoinedthegroup.Itthen

changeditsnametotheNationalCongressofParent-Teacher

Associations.謝謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載精品文檔放心下載SelenaSloanButlerisconsideredthethirdfounderofthePTA.She

establishedandservedthefirstpresidentoftheNationalCongressof

ColoredParentsTeachers.Inthecongressunitedthe

NationalPTA.謝謝閱讀感謝閱讀TheNationalPTAprovidesmemberswith,amongotherthings,

informationonlineabouteducationalissues.Itpublishesafree

newslettercalled“ThisWeekinWashington”onitswebsite.Ittells

aboutdevelopmentsthataffecteducation.謝謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載TherecriticsoftheNationalPTA.Inarecentbook,education

researcherCharleneHaarsaysthepositionsgroupmainlyservetheinterests

teachersunions.PTAspokeswomanJenniSopkosaysthegroupspeaksfor

parents,studentsteachers,isinfluencedbytheunions.Shealso

notesthatothercountrieshaveusedthePTAintheUnitedStatesasanexampletodeveloptheirownparent-teacherassociations.

ExerciseA:精品文檔放心下載1.WhatPTAstandfor?精品文檔放心下載Itstandsforparent-teacherassociations.精品文檔放心下載2.WhatisPTA’swork?Itsworkistoschoolsandstudentsintheircommunities.3.peopleintheU.S.toPTA?謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀SixmillionintheUnitedStatesbelongtoparent-teacher

associations.感謝閱讀4.WhatisSelenaSloanButler’sachievement?精品文檔放心下載establishedservedasthefirstpresidentoftheNational

CongressofColoredParentsTeachers.謝謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載5.WithcantheNationalPTAitsmembers?

TheNationalPTAcanprovideitsmemberswithinformationonlineabout

educationalissues.ExerciseB:感謝閱讀精品文檔放心下載1.TheplantoestablishPTAgroupwasproposedin1895byAliceBirney.

Twoyearslater,shemetPhoebeHearstwhoprovidedthemoneytostart

theorganization.Later,fathers,educatorsandotherinterestedcitizensjoinedthe

group.謝謝閱讀2.Membersgivetheirtimetoserveoncommittees.

Theyplanschoolprojectsspecialactivities.Membersalsoserveactivistsforchildren’sissuesbeforegovernmentagenciesandother

organizations.感謝閱讀感謝閱讀謝謝閱讀3.PTAexistintheAmericanstatestheDistrictColumbia.ThePTAalsooperatesinDepartmentofDefenseschoolsinthe

PacificandEurope.TheseforchildrenAmericanmilitary

families.謝謝閱讀4.TheNationPTApublishesafreenewslettercalled“ThisWeekin

Washington”onitswebsite.Ittellsaboutdevelopmentsthataffect

education.感謝閱讀5.TherecriticsoftheNationalPTA.Aneducationresearcher

CharleneHaarsaysthepositionsthegroupservetheinterests

ofteachersunions.感謝閱讀謝謝閱讀ExerciseC:Youropinion精品文檔放心下載Directions:Listentothepassageagainandyouropiniononthe

followingtopics.感謝閱讀“PTA’sistoschoolsstudentsintheircommunities.”1.IsitnecessaryforinChinatohavePTA?2.WhatrolesPTAatinChina?3.IfparentisselectedasthememberofPTA.yousupport

him/her?感謝閱讀感謝閱讀謝謝閱讀謝謝閱讀Passage2YourLegalRightsattheSales感謝閱讀Justwhoisdoingthefavourforwhominthesales?Aretheshopsreally

givingusshoppersachancetobuybargains?Orarewejusthelpingthemto

cleartheirshelvestwiceayeartomakewayforlines*--buying

*therubbishtheywouldotherwisethrowaway?謝謝閱讀感謝閱讀Inmostsalesthereisabitofboth.Somebargainsaremorenuine

thanothers.Somepriceclaimsaretrue,othersaremisleadingorplain

false.謝謝閱讀Ifthesalenoticesays“Coats--reducedfrom￡30to￡itshould,by,betrue.精品文檔放心下載Therulesarethat,ashopsaysotherwise,thecoatsmusthave

beensaleatthehigherpriceforatleastonsecutivedaysinthe

previoussixmonths.Theycan,however,arounditbysaying“Last

￡Now￡感謝閱讀asuspiciousaboutat