v1.0可編寫可更正狀語從句用法詳解在主從復合句中修飾主句的動詞、形容詞、副詞等的從句叫狀語從句。一時間狀語從句：起時間狀語作用的從句。when,while,as,after,before,until/till,since,assoonas,immediately,themoment,everytime,whenever等。1.when,while,aswhen“當......的時候”，表示主從句的謂語動作同時發生或先后緊接著發生。IwasveryhappywhenIheardfromyou.Whenyoudealwiththem,youshouldbecautious.WhenIwasyoung,Iwenttotownmyself.（連續性動詞）Whenthefirebrokeout,allthestudentsweresleepingsoundly.（非連續性動詞）Asayoungman（=Whenhewasayoungman）,hewasfondofhunting.2）while引導的時間狀語從句中謂語動詞必定是連續性動詞或表示狀態的動詞，側重主句動作和從句動作相比較。MyfatherwaspreparingareportwhileIwasplayinggames.Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.while意為“誠然,盡管”,還能夠引導退步狀語從句.Whileitwaslate,hewentonworking.（誠然很晚了,但他還在連續工作.）Whileheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.（誠然他身體不好,但他還是努力工作.）4）連接兩個并列句子,表示“比較”關系.比方：Hewentoutforawalk,whileIstayedathome.他出去閑步了,而我卻呆在家里.）Ilikesingingwhileshelikesdancing.（我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞.）Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.5）as表示從句和主句的兩個動作交替進行或同時發生，可譯為“一邊......，一邊......”或“隨著......”。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.11v1.0可編寫可更正Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.注意：若是主句表示的是短暫動作，而從句用連續性動詞的進行時態表示在一段時間內正在進行的動作，when,while與as可互換。When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.2.till,until和not...until1）until/till必定句：主句的謂語動詞必定是連續性動詞，主句、從句都為必定式，意為“某動作素來連續到某時間點才停止”。Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.Youmaystayhereuntil/tilltherainstops.2）否定句：主句的謂語動詞必定是非連續性動詞，從句為必定式，意為“某動作直到某時間才開始”。構成not...until/till，意為“直到......才”。Shedidn'tgotobeduntilIcomeback.Don'tworry.Wewon'tsetoffuntilyouarrive.3）till不可以夠置于句首，而until能夠。Untilyoutoldmethenews,Ihadnoideaofit.4）not...until句型中的重申解倒裝用法。重申句型：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.倒裝句型：NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.（notuntil置于句首，主句要用部分倒裝結構）Notuntiltheclockstruck12didsherealizeshemustgohomeatonce.3.before1）before“沒有來得及......就”“未......就”“......就......”Someonecalledmeupinthenight,buttheyhungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.Theyhadtalkedonlyafewminutesbeforetheyfoundtheywerequitedifferentinopinion.2）before作“......才......”Thebusdriveralmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.Thefirelastedaboutfourhoursbeforethefirefighterswereableto22v1.0可編寫可更正controlit.3）before可譯為“趁”“省得”“以防”等。I'lldoitbeforeIforgotit.趁還沒有忘，我現在就把這事做了。We'dbetterfinishtheworkintimebeforethebossscoldsus.4）before可譯為“（情愿......而）不愿”。He'ddiebeforeheapologizestothem.他寧死也不向他們道歉。I'dgiveuptheplanbeforeIturntohimforhelp.注意：“It+be+一段時間+before從句”中的主句和從句的時態有兩種情況：若是主句用一般將來時，則從句用一般現在時，意為“多長時間今后某事立刻發生”；Itwon'tbelongbeforewemeetagain.不久我們就會再見的。若是主句用過去時，從句也用過去時，意為“多長時間今后某事才發生”。Itwas3yearsbeforehecamebackfromabroad.三年后他才從外國回來。since譯為“自從......”，主句常用現在完成時，從句常用一般過去時。Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.Ihaven'theardanynoisesinceIslept.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once（一......就）這些隸屬連詞引導的從句都表示從句的動作一發生，主句的動作隨即發生，常譯作“一......就......”。從句中用一般時態代替將來時態。ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewfatherwascoming.Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.注意：nosooner...than;hardly...when...時態搭配：nosooner與hardly引導的句子的謂語動詞應用過去完成時，而than與when引導的句子的謂語動詞應用一般過去時。當把nosooner和hardly提到句首時，應用倒裝語序。Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.33v1.0可編寫可更正HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.6.everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime等名詞短語用來引導時間狀語從句，表示“每當......；每次......；下......”等。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.ThelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.IthinkofthethingsandthepeoplewhenwestudiedthereeverytimeIgobymymotherschool.二地點狀語從句：在句中作地點狀語的從句稱為地點狀語從句，可置于句首、句中或句尾。引導詞有where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere等。Makemarkswhereyouhavequestions.Youcangoanywhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.注意：地點狀語從句與定語從句的差異where引導定語從句時，從句前應有一個表示地點的詞作先行詞；而狀語從句前則無需用先行詞。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.You'dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.（狀語從句You'dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.（定語從句）三退步狀語從句引導退步狀語從句的連詞有although,though,as,evenif,eventhough,while,whether...or...,whether(...)ornot,whatever,nomatterwhat/how/why等。1.though/although引導的退步狀語從句1）although和though意義相同，都意為“誠然，即使”，表示退步，可互換使用，差異在于although語氣較重，大多置于句首。44v1.0可編寫可更正2）though/although引導退步狀語從句時，主句若用yet或still引出，更加強調比較性，但不可以出現but。3）though引導的從句能夠把表語、狀語、動詞等提至句首。asthough,eventhough中一般不可以用although代替。同時although不可以當副詞用，而though則可。Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.Shortthoughitis,thearticleisveryimportant.注意：though還可用作副詞，意為“可是，可是”，置于句末。Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn't,though.他說他會來，可是沒有來。2.eventhough/evenif引導的退步狀語從句Eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Heispoor,yetsheloveshim.)Evenifheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Hemaybepoor,yetsheloveshim.)as引導的退步狀語從句,從句中的表語、狀語以及謂語中的實義動詞需提前至從句句首，作表語的單數可數名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需要省去。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Muchas/thoughIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit,forit'stooexpensive.Tryas/thoughyoumay,youwillneversucceed.Tiredas/thoughhewas,hecontinuedtowork.4.whether..or/whether(...)ornot引導的退步狀語從句You'llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.5.while引導的退步狀語從句表示“盡管”，比though/although語氣弱。while引導的退步狀語從句一般要位于句首。WhileIlikethecolor,Idon'tliketheshape.我誠然喜歡那顏色，但不喜歡那形狀。WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican'tagreewithyou.what-ever引導的退步狀語從句,常可換成“nomatter+wh-詞”，但在引導名詞性從句時只好用wh-ever類詞。55v1.0可編寫可更正I'llwaitforyouhowever(nomatterhow)lateitis.Whoever(Nomatter)youare,youmustkeepthelaw.注意：“nomatter+疑問詞”結構只好引導退步狀語從句，而wh-ever類詞還能夠夠引導名詞性從句或其他狀語從句。I'lleatwhateveryougiveme.（what引導賓語從句）Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.（whoever引導主語從句）四原因狀語從句）because語氣最強，用以回答why引起的提問，它還可用于重申結構。Shewasafraidtomovebecauseasnakewaslyingbesideher.WhydidtheyfailItwasbecausetheydidn'tdotheirbest.2）as語氣弱，較口語化，as從句多置于主句從前。Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbaghome.Asitwasapublicholiday,alltheshopswereshut.3）since的語氣比較弱，常表示對方已知的事實，經常相當于漢語的“既然”。since從句多置于主句從前。SinceMondayisBob'sbirthday,let'sgivehimaparty.Sinceyouarefreetonight,whynotdropinandplaychesswithme注意：上述三個詞為隸屬連詞，而for是一個并列連詞。for有時可用來作附加說明，必定把其引起的句子放在某一句子此后。Weshouldbemorecareful,foritisalreadydark.nowthat主要用于口語，表示稍微的原因，that有時能夠省略。Nowthatyouhavecome,youmayaswellstay.Nowthateverythingissettled,Ihavenoreasonhere.forthereasonthat的用法,that后是一個同位語從句，講解說明reason的內容。IoftengototheconcertforthesimplereasonthatIlovemusic.ForthereasonthatIhaven'tworkedhard,I'llhavetocrambeforethecomingexaminations.由于平時不努力，考試前我只好臨時抱佛腳。that后的從句behappythat,besurprisedthat等中的that從句有時也被認為是原因狀語66v1.0可編寫可更正從句。I'msorrythatIhaven'tdonesomuchasIshould.Wefeelproudthatourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.五方式狀語從句as,asif/though等as引導方式狀語從句。YoumustdotheexperimentasIdo.asif/though引導方式狀語從句。1）asif/though引導的方式狀語從句所表示的情況是事實或擁有很大可能性時，Sheclosedhereyesasifshewastired.2）若是從句所表示的情況不是事實，平時用虛假語氣。Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.HespeaksEnglishasifhewereaforeiner.Itsoundsasifhecouldsolvetheproblem.Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif/thoughtheyneverexisted.注意：asif/though也能夠引導一個分詞短語，不定式短語或無動詞短語。Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforthefirsttime.Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.Thewavesdashedontherocksasifinanger.六條件狀語從句常用引導詞有if,unless,as/solongas,once,incase,onconditionthat,supposing(that),providing(that),provided(that),given(that)等。在條件狀語從句中，平時用一般現在時表示一般將來時，IwilldefinitelystudymedicineafterIfinishschool.在條件狀語從句中,一般過去時表示過去將來時，Wearrivedattheairportbeforeitrained.現在完成時表示將來完成時。I’llwatchtvassoonasI’vefinishedmyhomework.if引導的條件狀語從句Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.77v1.0可編寫可更正unless引導的條件狀語從句,意為“除非，若不”。Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.oncondition(that)引導的條件狀語從句,“在......條件下”。Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepitasecret.Iwilldoitonconditionthatyouhelpme.supposing/proving/provided/given(that)能夠用作連詞，意為“若是,倘若”，引導條件從句表示一種假設條件。Supposing(that)itrains,shallwecontinuethesportsmeetingProviding/Supposing/Given/Provided(that)youpromisenottotellanyoneelse,I'lltellyouthedetails.incase引導的條件狀語從句常放在主句前，表示“若是，若是”。Incasehecomes,tellhimtowaitawhile.Incaseanythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup.as/solongas引導的條件狀語從句,意思是“只要”。Solongasyou'rehappy,itdoesn'tmatterwhatyoudo.As/Solongaswedon'tloseheart,we'llovercomeanydifficulty.once引導的條件狀語從句，意為“一旦，一......就”，從句可置于主句前或后。Oncevirtueislost,allislost.一旦道德扔掉了，什么都扔掉了。Onceyoushowanyfear,thedogwillattackyou.七目的狀語從句,常用來引導目的狀語從句的有so,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase(that),forthepurposethat,lest等。1.inorderthat,sothat引導的目的狀語從句需要用神情動詞，如may/might/will/would/shall/should/can/could等。Theycarvedthewordsonthestonesothat/inorderthatthefuturegenerationshould/mightrememberwhattheyhaddone.Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeakearly.sothat引導的從句只好置于主句此后，其中that有時能夠省略。Weclimbedhighso(that)wemightgetabetterview.2.forfear(that),incase,lest引導的目的狀語從句88v1.0可編寫可更正Wehadameetingandtalkedthematterfacetoface,forfearthatthereshouldbeanymisunderstanding.我們開了一個當面的會議談論這個問題，省得引起誤會。incase表示以防（萬一）發生某種情況。Lest意為“以防”。Takeanumbrellawithyouincase/lestitshouldrain.帶著傘以防下雨。八結果狀語從句1.that,so,sothat,so...that...,suchthat,such...that...等。Wemovedtothecountrysothatwewereawayfromthenoisyanddullcity.Hespokeatthetopofhisvoicesothatthestudentsatthebackheardhim.2.so...that...引導的結果狀語從句so+形容詞/副詞+that從句Lisalefthomesohurriedlythatshelefthercellphonehome.so+形容詞+a/an+可數名詞單數形式+that從句Tomissokindaboythattheyallliketomakefriendswithhim.so+many/much/few/little+名詞+that從句Thereissolittletimeleftthatwehavetospeedup.3.such...that...引導的結果狀語從句such+a/an+形容詞+可數名詞單數形式+that從句Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallrespecthim.such+形容詞+可數名詞復數形式/不可以數名詞+that從句Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswer.Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldn'tfinishtheworkontime.so...that...與such...that...的差異so是副詞，其修飾的中心詞是形容詞、副詞；such是形容詞，其修飾的中心詞是名詞。Hespokesofastthatnooneunderstandhim.Theyaresuchfineteachersthatweallholdthemingreatrespect.99v1.0可編寫可更正Jackissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.=Jackissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.為了重申形容詞或副詞，so/such...that...引導的結果狀語從句，可把so/such部分置于句首，主句用倒裝語序。Soexcitedwashethathecouldnotfallintosleep.Suchgoodnewsdidwegetthateveryonewasexcited.九比較狀語從句常用as...as,notas/so...as...,than等連詞引導。“the比較級...，the+比較級...”結構也可引導比較狀語從句。同級比較常用“as...as...”結構。HespeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.Hewokeupassuddenlyashehadfallenasleep.不相同級比較常用“notas/so...as...”結構。Hishandwritingisnotasgoodasyours(is).Hedoesn'tspeakEnglishaswellasyoudo.差級或最高等比較常用結構“...than...”。Hewasmoresuccessfulthanwehadexpected.Hecanearnnomoremoneythanyoucan.比較關系的狀語從句常用結構為“the+比較級...，the+比較級...”。Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.Thesooneryouareback,thebetteritwillbe.注意：what/as也可引導對稱或比較關系的狀語從句。Foodistomenwhat/asoilistomachine.食品之于人，好像油之于機器。Enginesaretomachineswhat/asheartsaretoanimals.引擎對于機器而言就恰似心臟對動物相同。十狀語從句中的省略在表示時間、地點、條件、方式、比較或退步等的狀語從句中