本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——?dú)庀嗉状济撍戤a(chǎn)20萬(wàn)噸二甲醚設(shè)計(jì)

摘要

目前生產(chǎn)二甲醚的方法不同，甲醇液相脫水法，合成氣一步法，一氧化碳直接合成法，甲醇?xì)庀嗝撍ǖ取２贿^(guò)，最主要的方法，氣相甲醇脫水法制備二甲醚。該工藝中，氣相先將工業(yè)加熱的甲醇脫水，二甲醚，冷凝和蒸發(fā)，蒸餾和類似的制造方法。使用甲醇?xì)庀嗝撍ㄖ苽銬ME，主要做到以下幾點(diǎn)：比較不同類型板的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，選擇了氣液傳質(zhì)篩板塔;完成二甲醚和甲醇回收塔的分開和塔高徑，板布局設(shè)計(jì);換熱器的計(jì)算，你需要選擇水泵選型的類型和塔及輔助設(shè)備。

該設(shè)計(jì)包括設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書和圖紙兩部分。說(shuō)明書包括確定過(guò)程，物料平衡，熱平衡，工藝設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)和選擇，并進(jìn)行初步的經(jīng)濟(jì)分析，如圖紙，包括工藝流程圖，蒸餾設(shè)備和工廠布局等圖。

-I-

Theprocessdesignondimethyletherofannual

output200,000tons

Abstract

Therearevariousmethodsofproducingdimethylether,suchasliquidmethanol

dehydration,CO2directsynthesis,synthesisfromsyngas,vapormethanoldehydrationandsoon.Atpresent,however,vapormethanoldehydrationisthemainway.Intheprocessofvaporphasemethod,methanolwasheatedandevaporatedfirstly;andthen,wasdehydrated;finally,dimethyletherwascondensatedandrectified.DMEwasproducedwiththemethodofvapormethanoldehydrationinthisdesign.Thetasksfinishedareasfollow.

Includingthefollowingtasks:headvantagesanddisadvantagesofseveralkindsoftowerplateswerecompared.Atlasttheperforatedplatetowerwaschosentofinishthemasstransferbetweenthevaporandtheliquid;Theheight,diameterandarrangementofcolumnplateofdimethyletherseparationtowerandmethanolrecoverytowerweredesigned;Theequipmentselectionincludingtheheatexchangers,pumpsandaffiliatedfacilitieshasalsobeendone.Thedesignconsistsoftwoparts,thespecificationsandthedrawings.Determinationoftechnologicalprocess,materialbalance,heatbalance,processequipmentsdesignandselection,aswellasapreliminaryeconomicanalysiswereallincludedinthespecifications.Andthedrawingsweremadeofflowchartofthewholeprocess,equipmentdrawingofrectificationtoweraswellasthelayoutchartoffactory.

KeyWords：dimethylether；Thevaporphasemethanoldehydration；processdesign；perforatedplatetower；

-II-

目錄

摘要IAbstractII引言11文獻(xiàn)綜述2

1.1研究現(xiàn)狀及其意義2

1.1.1二甲醚的物理性質(zhì)21.1.2二甲醚的用途及其前景21.1.3課題研究的工藝比較2

2合成塔的計(jì)算7

2.1衡算物料72.2計(jì)算催化劑床層體積72.3反應(yīng)器管數(shù)82.4熱量衡算83DME精餾塔設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算10

3.1DME料衡算及的物精理論板數(shù)餾塔103.2實(shí)際板層數(shù)的求取113.3精有關(guān)物性塔的工數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算餾藝條件及12

3.3.1操作壓力的計(jì)算123.3.2操作溫度計(jì)算123.3.3平質(zhì)量均計(jì)算摩爾123.3.4平度計(jì)算均密133.3.5液體平面張力的計(jì)算均表143.3.6液體平均粘度153.3.7精餾尺寸工藝計(jì)算塔的塔體153.3.8精的計(jì)徑算餾段塔15

-III-

3.3.9提餾徑的計(jì)算段塔163.3.10精高度的計(jì)餾塔有效173.4塔板工藝尺寸的計(jì)算主要17

3.4.1溢置計(jì)算流裝173.4.2塔板布置193.5塔學(xué)驗(yàn)算板體力的流20

3.5.1壓降塔板203.5.2液夾帶沫213.5.3漏液213.5.4泛液223.6精餾負(fù)荷塔板性能圖段22

3.6.1漏線液223.6.2液沫帶線夾233.6.3液相負(fù)荷下限線233.6.4液相負(fù)荷上限線233.6.5液泛線243.7提負(fù)荷性塔板能圖餾段25

3.7.1漏線液253.7.2液帶線沫夾263.7.3液相負(fù)荷下限線263.7.4液上相荷限線負(fù)263.7.5液線泛273.8精餾尺管寸計(jì)算塔接28

3.8.1塔口管的氣出直徑頂蒸283.8.2回的直流徑管283.8.3進(jìn)料直徑管的283.8.4塔底直的徑出料管29

4甲醇計(jì)算精餾塔結(jié)構(gòu)30

-IV-

4.1設(shè)案計(jì)的確定方304.2精物餾料衡算塔的30

4.2.1原料液的摩頂和塔底爾分率及塔304.2.2原料均摩爾質(zhì)頂和塔量液底的平及塔304.2.3物衡算料304.3塔板確定數(shù)的30

4.3.1理層論求取版數(shù)的304.4精餾塔的工藝條件及有關(guān)物性數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算32

4.4.1操作壓力的計(jì)算324.4.2操度計(jì)作算溫324.4.3平算均量計(jì)摩爾質(zhì)334.4.4平度均計(jì)算密334.4.5液體平均表面張力的計(jì)算344.5精塔體工藝算尺餾寸計(jì)塔的35

4.5.1精餾段塔徑的計(jì)算354.5.2提餾段塔徑的計(jì)算364.5.3精餾塔有效高度的計(jì)算374.6塔板主要工藝尺寸的計(jì)算37

4.6.1溢流裝