專題07并列連詞和狀語從句（解析版）Part1：知識點梳理and和but的用法區(qū)別；while表對比的用法。時間、地點、原因、結(jié)果、目的、讓步、條件、方式和比較狀語從句等；常用的引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞。知識點1基本用法1.并列句的用法及常見連詞表并列、遞進(jìn)或順承關(guān)系and，both...and...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，aswellas表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系but(不可與although/though連用),yet表選擇關(guān)系either...or...，not...but...，or，orelse，ratherthan表因果關(guān)系for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，soand與or用于并列句祈使句＋and＋陳述句，and表順承祈使句＋or＋陳述句，or表轉(zhuǎn)折while表對比強(qiáng)調(diào)對比關(guān)系，意為“然而；而”2.狀語從句的類型及常見連接詞時間狀語從句when,while,as,before,after,since,till,until,immediately,assoonas,everytime地點狀語從句where,wherever讓步狀語從句though/although,evenif/eventhough,while,“疑問詞-ever”，“nomatter＋疑問詞”條件狀語從句if,once,unless,incase,as/solongas,onconditionthat原因狀語從句because,as,since,nowthat,seeingthat,inthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat結(jié)果狀語從句sothat,so/such...that目的狀語從句sothat,inorderthat,forfear(that),incase比較狀語從句than,as...as,notso...as方式狀語從句as,asif/asthough知識點2時間狀語從句when,while,as當(dāng)……的時候Hejumpedupwhenthephonerang.Welistenedwhiletheteacherread.ThephonerangjustasIwasleaving.(as強(qiáng)調(diào)主、從句動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生;while從句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞,不能是非延續(xù)性動詞)till,until直到JanecompletedherlastnovelPersuasionin1816,butitwasnotpublisheduntilafterherdeath.(until要與延續(xù)性動詞連用;not...until要與非延續(xù)性動詞連用)since自從Itistwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他參軍兩年了。Itistwoyearssincehesmoked.他戒煙兩年了。(其后所用動詞不同,該動詞所表示動作持續(xù)時間的計算方法也不同)themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond;nosooner...than...;hardly...when...;assoonas;directly,immediately,once一……就……Tellhimthenewsassoonasyouseehim.Irecognizedherthemoment(that)Isawher.Iwanttoseehimtheminute(that)hearrives.IwenthomedirectlyIhadfinishedwork.Oncehearrives,wecanstart.知識點3結(jié)果狀語從句sothat結(jié)果Hedidn’tplanhistimewell,sothathedidn’tfinishhisworkintime.so+形容詞/副詞+that從句如此……以至于……XiaoMingissocleverthatallhisteacherslikehim.so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句Itissobeautifulascenerythatmanypeoplelooklostinit.so+many/much/little/few+名詞+that從句Therewassolittlewaterinthejarthatitwasnotenoughforallofus.such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句TheyaresuchinterestingbooksthatIwanttoreadthemoncemore.知識點4讓步狀語從句though,although雖然Although/Thoughsmall,thecompanyhasabout1,000buyersinover30countries.(although和though用正常語序,可和yet連用,但不可和but連用)as雖然Hardas/thoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.=Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.(在讓步狀語從句中常用倒裝形式,可被though替換)evenif,eventhough即使Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.nomatterwhat,whatever,nomatterwho,whoever,nomatterwhich,whichever,nomatterhow,however,nomatterwhen,whenever無論……Whoeverbreakslawswillbepunished.=Nomatterwhobreakslaws,he/shewillbepunished.(“疑問詞+ever”=“nomatter+疑問詞”,“疑問詞+ever”也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句)while盡管,雖然Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.(一般位于句首,用于句中時,譯為“然而”,表對照對比關(guān)系)whether...ornot無論(是否)Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.知識點5條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的常用連接詞有if,once,unless,incase,as/solongas,onconditionthat,supposing(that),given(that),providing/provided(that)等。1.if(1)若主句為將來時，if從句多用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillgoskiing.(2)ifpossible/necessary意為“如有可能，如有必要”。If(itis)necessary,pleasebringyourcomputerhere.(3)onlyif和ifonlyonlyif意為“只有”，置于句首時主句的主謂要用部分倒裝。ifonly意為“但愿，要是……就好了”，引導(dǎo)的從句要用虛擬語氣。Onlyifyouworkhardercanyoucatchupwithothers.Ifonlyitcouldbesunnytomorrow.2.unlessunless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“除非，否則”，可替換成if...not...。Pleasedon’tspeak,unlessyouareinvited.＝Pleasedon’tspeak,ifyouarenotinvited.知識點6比較狀語從句比較狀語從句一般位于句尾，常用than,as...as...，notas/so...as...等引導(dǎo)。1.than前的形容詞和副詞用比較級形式。It’seasierthanIthought.Isingbetterthanhedoes.＝Hedoesn’tsingaswellasIdo.2.as...as...表示“前者與后者一樣……”，notas/so...as...表示“前者不如后者……”，形容詞和副詞均用原級。常用于以下句型：as＋adj./adv.＋asas＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋asas＋many/few＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋asas＋much/little＋不可數(shù)名詞＋asIhaveasgoodasisterasyouhave.I’mnotasconsiderateassomanypeopleseemtothink.Theyarehavingalmostasmuchunemploymentasweare.知識點7狀語從句中的省略1.在時間、地點、條件、方式、讓步或比較狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句和主句主語一致，且從句中又有be動詞時，可將從句主語及be動詞省略。Heopenedthedeskdrawer,asif(hewas)insearchofsomethingimportant.2.當(dāng)從句主語為代詞it，從句中又有be動詞時，從句主語及be動詞可省略。Comealongwithyourteacherif(itis)possible.3.當(dāng)從句是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)時，therebe可省略。Youcanaskmequestionsif(thereare)any.4.在as,than引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，可省略與主句中重復(fù)的任何成分及be動詞。ShespeaksEnglishbetterthanhe(speaksEnglish).Youshoulddoitas(youwere)toldto(doit).知識點8狀語從句中的倒裝1.nosooner...than...和hardly/scarcely...when...引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，nosooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首時，需將nosooner和hardly/scarcely所在的句子部分倒裝，且常用過去完成時，其后的than和when連接的句子不倒裝，常用一般過去時。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhenhiswifestoppedhim.2.notuntil...位于句首時，主句要部分倒裝，notuntil從句不倒裝。Notuntilhecamebackyesterdayeveningdidwefinishthework.3.if虛擬條件狀語從句謂語含were,should,had時可將if省略，把were,should,had移至主語前。Shouldhebehere(＝Ifheshouldbehere)nextweek,hewouldhelpus.4.so...that...和such...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，若將“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首，主句要部分倒裝。Somovedwasshethatshecouldnotsayaword.5.as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞/形容詞/副詞/分詞＋as/though＋主語＋謂語，動詞＋as/though＋主語＋助動詞。若是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，前置時要省略冠詞a/an。Childas/thoughheis,hecantakecareofhimself.Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldnotfindajob.Muchas/thoughIlikeit,Iwon’tbuyit.6.however,whatever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。However/Nomatterhowhardheworked,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.Whatever/Nomatterwhatreasonsyouhave,youshouldcarryoutyourpromise.Part2：高考真題精選1（2022新高考I卷）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,__________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.答案：and解析：考查連詞。句意：GPNP旨在體現(xiàn)“保護(hù)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的真實性和完整性，保護(hù)生物多樣性，保護(hù)生態(tài)緩沖區(qū)，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產(chǎn)”的指導(dǎo)原則。設(shè)空處前后為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用and。故填and。2（2022全國乙卷）The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(發(fā)布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation____________culturalexchanges.答案：and解析：考查連詞。句意：儀式上發(fā)布的“首個國際茶日萬里茶道合作倡議”呼吁茶業(yè)人士團(tuán)結(jié)起來，促進(jìn)國際合作和文化交流。名詞internationalcooperation和culturalexchanges為并列成分，作動詞promote的賓語。故填and。3.（2022年新高考2卷）Hehungonforafewminutes___41___screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.答案：.and解析：考查連詞。句意：他堅持了幾分鐘，尖叫喊著他的父親，但他的父親沒有聽到他。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫連詞，連接hung和screamed兩個動作。根據(jù)句意，此處表示并列關(guān)系。故填and。4.（2021.6新高考1卷語法填空）Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

7

offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.【答案】and【解析】考查并列連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，兩個謂語動詞highlights和offers之間缺少連接詞進(jìn)行連接；同時，兩個動作間為并列關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)填并列連詞。故填and。5.（2021.6全國甲卷語法填空）Mybikewasoldandshaky

7

didthejob.【答案】but【解析】考查連詞。此處表示我的自行車又舊又晃，后面能用。所以是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，故填but。6.（2021.6全國乙卷語法填空）Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept

4

thelate1980s.【答案】until【解析】考查時間介詞。根據(jù)空前有not可知，此處until與not一起構(gòu)成固定用法not…

until，意為

"直到……才……"

。句意：直到20世紀(jì)80年代后期，它才作為一種旅游概念被廣泛接受。故填until。7.（2021.1浙江卷語法填空）Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex（體重指數(shù)）across200countriesthescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier

1

thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMTinruralareas.【答案】and【解析】文章大意：介紹了一項關(guān)于體重指數(shù)的研究，描述了不同時期城鄉(xiāng)體重指數(shù)的差異及其背后的原因。考查連詞。句意：科學(xué)家人們發(fā)現(xiàn)人們越來越胖了，這個現(xiàn)象背后的原因是偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)人們體重指數(shù)的增加。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知thatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier和thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.都是found引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，是并列關(guān)系，故答案為and。8.（2021.6全國甲卷改錯）Inmyopinion,whereintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.【答案】where改為when或whenever【解析】考查狀語從句連詞。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該是（每）當(dāng)遇到困難的時候，我們應(yīng)該向最信任的人求助。where改為when或whenever。9.（2021.6全國乙卷改錯）Ialsowatertheflowersintheyardandtidyingupmyownbedroomwhatevernecessary.【答案】把whatever改為whenever【解析】考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處體現(xiàn)時間概念，表示每次需要的時候，我都會澆花和收拾我的臥室。故把whatever改為whenever。10.（2021.3天津卷單選）Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy

it'satwork,athome,oratschool.A.unlessB.onceC.whetherD.because【答案】C【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：無論是在工作、家里還是在學(xué)校，我們都需要參與節(jié)約能源。A.unless除非；B.once一旦；C.whether是否、或者……（或者）；D.because因為。根據(jù)句意可知，本空應(yīng)填whether。故選：C。11.（2020.7天津卷單選）—Why

do

people

like

pop

music?

I

hate

it

so

much.—

it

is

not

your

style,

that

doesn't

mean

it

isbaD.A.OnlyifB.EventhoughC.NowthatD.Incase【答案】B【解析】考查狀語從句。A.onlyif如果……該多好；B.eventhough即使，盡管；C.nowthat既然；D.incase以防萬一。句意：—為什么大家會喜歡流行音樂？我很討厭流行音樂。—雖然流行音樂不是你喜歡的類型，但也不能說它不好。根據(jù)句意以及分析主從句可知，此處為讓步狀語從句，表達(dá)"雖然，盡管"之意。故選：B。12.（2020.3天津卷單選）Watchoutforinjurieswhileexercising.Alwaysstop

youbegintofeelanypain.A.inorderthatB.evenifC.eversinceD.assoonas【答案】D【解析】考查狀語從句。句意為：在練習(xí)的時候小心受傷，—感到疼痛就停下來，D項為一……就……。13.（2020.7新高考海南卷語法填空）Eachvolumeinthesetexplores

awiderangeofmaterial,explainsthebasicconceptsofmajorapplicationsofdigitalsystems,

7

discussestheinfluencestheyhaveoneverydaylife.【答案】And【解析】考查連詞。句意：系列中的每卷探索了廣泛的材料，解釋數(shù)字系統(tǒng)的主要應(yīng)用的基本概念，并討論了他們對日常生活的影響，前后句為并列關(guān)系，所以用連詞and，故答案為：and。14.（2020.1浙江卷語法填空）It'salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier

10

moreproductiveforlonger.Therefore,theycanworkforlonger,consumemoreandingeneralbeaboosttotheeconomy.【答案】and【解析】考查連詞。根據(jù)本空前后都為形容詞的比較級，故這里應(yīng)該填并列連詞。又因為healthier和moreproductive不存在轉(zhuǎn)折含義，為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故答案：為and。15.（2020.7全國三卷語法填空）

5

heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（傳奇的）artist,theysmiledand

pointeddowntheriver.【答案】When或As【解析】考查連接詞。句意：當(dāng)他問河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術(shù)家時，他們笑著指著河的下游。本句為時間狀語從句，表示"當(dāng)……時候"，且從句中動詞asked為短暫性動作動詞，不能用while引導(dǎo)，故應(yīng)用when或as引導(dǎo)。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填When/As。16.（2020.7上海卷語法填空）Oneoftheearliest-knowninventionsisthebowandarrow,whichisstillusedthroughouttheworldtoday,15,000years

1

itwasfirstinvented.【答案】after【解析】考查連詞。句意：已知最早的發(fā)明之一是弓箭，在它被發(fā)明15000年后，至今仍在全世界使用。根據(jù)句意可知，本空應(yīng)填連詞after。故答案為：after。17.（2020全國一卷改錯）FirstIcutthetomatoesintopiecesbutputthemaside.【答案】but改為and【解析】考查連詞。句意：首先，我把西紅柿切成塊，放在一邊。根據(jù)句意可知前后句之間為順接關(guān)系，需要用and來連接，所以可知答案為but改為and。18.【2019·江蘇卷·單項填空】23.Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients__________theyneedmedicalassistance.A.ifonly B.asif C.eventhough D.incase【答案】D【解析】考查狀語從句的連詞。句意：醫(yī)生給了病人他的手機(jī)號碼，以防病人需要醫(yī)療援助。A.ifonly要是……多好；B.asif好像，仿佛；C.eventhough即使，盡管；D.incase以備，以防，免得，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選D。19.【2019·天津卷·單項填空】13.Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinion_________hewantstheirsupport.A.since B.onceC.unless D.after【答案】C【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：湯姆是如此獨立，以至于他從來不征求父母的意見，除非他想得到他們的支持。since因為；once一旦；unless除非；after在……之后，根據(jù)題意，故選C。unless在此引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。20.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語法填空】Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemade_(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”【答案】but【解析】考查并列連詞。根據(jù)句意邏輯可知，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，句意：我工作不是因為我不得不做，而是因為我想做。此處用but與前文not呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。21.【2018·江蘇】29._______you

can

sleep

well,

you

will

lose

the

ability

to

focus,

plan

and

staymotivated

afteroneor

two

nights.A.Once B.Unless C.If D.When【答案】B【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：除非你睡得好，否則一兩個晚上之后，你會失去專注、計劃和保持動力的能力。A.Once一旦；B.Unless除非；C.If如果；D.When當(dāng)……時候。故選B。點睛：本題考查連詞辨析。解題時要區(qū)分清選擇項的含義與區(qū)別，再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷，從而選出正確答案。22.【2018·天津】4.Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend___________theygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.A.eversince B.asif C.eventhough D.sothat【答案】D【解析】考查連詞短語詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：讓我們這個周末再摘這些桃子，這樣的話，它們吃起來就變得足夠的甜。A.eversince自那時起；B.asif好像；C.eventhough盡管；D.sothat以便。從句為目的狀語從句，故用sothat引導(dǎo)。故選D。點睛：本題考查連詞短語詞義辨析。解題時要區(qū)分清選擇項的含義與區(qū)別，再聯(lián)系句意可以判斷，這里考查sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句。23.【2017·北京】25.______birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.A.Once B.If C.Although D.Because【答案】C【解析】試題分析：A.Once一旦；B.If如果；C.Although盡管；D.Because因為。句意：盡管鳥兒們用羽毛來飛翔，但是他們的一些羽毛還有其他用途。根據(jù)語境可知前后之間是讓步關(guān)系，故選C。考點：考查連詞。24.【2017·北京】28.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople_______youfigureitout.A.because B.though C.until D.since【答案】C【解析】試題分析：A.because因為；B.though盡管；C.until直到；D.since目從。如果你無法理解某個東西，你可能會去研究，學(xué)習(xí)和他人探討直到你解決為止，根據(jù)句意可知選用until，直到，選C。考點：考查連詞。【名師點睛】從屬連詞的用法1.引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞(1)表示“當(dāng)…時候”或“每當(dāng)”的時間連詞。主要的when,while,as,whenever。如：Don'ttalkwhileyou'reeating.吃飯時不要說話。HecamejustasIwasleaving.我正要走時他來了。(2)表示“在……前(或之后)”的時間連詞。主要的有before,after。如：Trytofinishyourworkbeforeyouleave.離開前設(shè)法把工作做完。(3)表示“自從”或“直到”的時間連詞。主要的有since,until,till。如：She'sbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.她從八歲起就打網(wǎng)球了。Nevertroubletroubletilltroubletroublesyou.(諺)不要無事惹事。(4)表示“一………就”的時間連詞。主要的有assoonas,themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,once,nosooner…than,hardly…when等。如：I'llletyouknowassoonasIhearfromher.我一接她的信就通知你。(5)表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的時間連詞。主要的有everytime(每次