實(shí)驗(yàn)一紅系、粒系正常形態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)課注意事項(xiàng)對號入座顯微鏡：規(guī)范使用，課后及時(shí)清潔骨髓片：取放時(shí)要拿穩(wěn)，閱后要清潔電腦不能插U盤考勤值日生認(rèn)真清潔對實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備材料的使用及考勤計(jì)入平時(shí)成績目的:掌握紅系、粒系正常細(xì)胞形態(tài)重點(diǎn):紅系，粒系細(xì)胞的形態(tài)標(biāo)本:大致正常骨髓片PPT示教紅系、粒系、巨核系正常形態(tài)顯微鏡觀察骨髓紅、粒、巨核系正常形態(tài)顯微鏡示教補(bǔ)充與總結(jié)胞體：胞核：核型、核染質(zhì)、核仁、核膜胞漿：量、顏色、顆粒、核漿比例血細(xì)胞發(fā)育的一般規(guī)律血細(xì)胞的發(fā)育成熟是一個連續(xù)的過程為了研究的目的，人為地將其劃分為各個階段處于發(fā)育中間階段的細(xì)胞一般劃入下一階段如何描述、認(rèn)識細(xì)胞胞體：大小，多少微米形態(tài)：圓形，不規(guī)則形，有無突起等細(xì)胞核：形態(tài)、大小（核質(zhì)比）核的位置：居中，偏位(稍、明顯）核仁：有無核仁（是否清晰）核染色質(zhì)：細(xì)、粗顆粒狀，纖細(xì)網(wǎng)狀，聚集成塊（小塊、大塊和團(tuán)塊）胞質(zhì)：量，染色，有無顆粒其他：空泡，中毒顆粒，異常顆粒或染色區(qū)域等原始粒細(xì)胞早幼粒細(xì)胞中性中幼粒細(xì)胞中性晚幼粒細(xì)胞中性桿狀核粒細(xì)胞嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞嗜堿性粒細(xì)胞原始紅細(xì)胞早幼紅、中幼紅、晚幼紅細(xì)胞原始巨核細(xì)胞幼稚巨核細(xì)胞巨核細(xì)胞Lymphoblast原淋巴細(xì)胞Prolymphocyte幼淋巴細(xì)胞Lymphocyte淋巴細(xì)胞LymphocyteseriesLymphoblast（原淋巴細(xì)胞）S:10-18um,roundoroval,highN:CN:roundoroval,thicknuclearmembrane,evenlygranulouschromatinstainedreddishpurplewith1-2distinctpalebluenucleoliC:scant,highlybasophilic,nogranulesProlymphocyte（幼淋巴細(xì)胞）S:10-16um,roundorovalN:roundoroval,condensedchromatinpattern,nucleolivagueordisappearC:scanty,deeplybasophilicor

paleblue,azurophilicgranulesmayvisibleLymphocyte（淋巴細(xì)胞）S:small,6-9um,roundorovalN:

round,sometimesindentedatoneside,deepbluetopurplewithheavyconcentrated,blockedchromatinC:

scant,paleblue,azurophilicgranulesS:12-15um,irregularbordersandshape

N:lessdenselystaining,falsenucleolusoccasionallyC:

abundant,transparentpaleblue,fewbluishpurplegranules小淋巴細(xì)胞大淋巴細(xì)胞S:large,ovalorfanshapedN:roundtoovoid,eccentricallylocated,withmaturationchromatinfromreticulartomoreclumpedandpatchy,appearingasdarkblocks(wheelspoke,tergumoftortoise)C:

abundantamountofdeepfrothygrey-bluecytoplasm,verydistinctparanuclearpalezone,AgranulesoccasionallyvisiblePlasmacyteseries（漿細(xì)胞系統(tǒng)）plasmablastproplasmacyteplasmacytetortoiseMonoblast原單核細(xì)胞Promonocyte幼單核細(xì)胞Monocyte單核細(xì)胞Monocyteseries

Monoblast（原單核細(xì)胞）S:14-25um,roundorirregular,pseudopodN:roundorirregular,finereticularchromatinpattern,1-3bigprominentnucleoliC:relativelyabundant,bluegreytopaleblue,opaque,granulesandvacuolesmayvisible,ground-glassappearancePromonocyte（幼單核細(xì)胞）S:15-25um,roundorirregular,pseudopodvisibleN:oftenirregularwithtwisted,folded,indented.chromatinisreticular,slightlyclumpedthanmonoblastwithorwithoutnucleolusC:morecytoplasmstainedgraybluecontainsvacuolesandfinedust-likeAgranulesMonocyte（單核細(xì)胞）S:12-20um,roundorirregularN:irregular,withoutnucleoli,loosechromatinisCord-likeC:amplegray-bluecytoplasmgivingaground-glassappearancewithvacuolesandfineazurophilicgranules是真核細(xì)胞分裂產(chǎn)生體細(xì)胞的過程。

有絲分裂

前期:自分裂期開始到核膜解體為止的時(shí)期。

前中期:自核膜破裂起到染色體排列在赤道面上為止。

中期:從染色體排列到赤道面上，到它們的染色單體開始分向兩極之前，適于核型分析

后期:每條染色體的兩條姊妹染色單體分開并移向兩極的時(shí)期

末期:從子染色體到達(dá)兩極開始至形成兩個子細(xì)胞為止稱為末期

有絲分裂

前中中后末有絲分裂細(xì)胞作業(yè):

畫圖---粒系(原.早.中