一．詞匯、短語1.takeoff1)（飛機）騰飛Becauseoftheheavyfog,theplanecouldn’ttakeoffontime.2)脫掉Ifthispairofshoesisnotcomfortable,Isuggestyoutakeoffimmediately.2.expertn./adj.n.beanexpertat/on/in在...方面是專家Markisnotonlyourheadmaster,butalsoanexpertineducation.adj.beexpertin/atdoing在（做）...方面內行MyfriendTomisexpertin/atfindingusefulinformation.練Itissaidthattheoldmanisexpert_____repairingallkindsofcars.(in/at)Some_____(expert)thinkthatlanguagelearningismucheasierforchildrenastheirtongues.(-s)3.shoot-shot-shotvt./vi.shootat向...射擊（重申過程，不必定射中）Heshotatthebirdwithhisgunbuthedidn’tshootit.She...射中...某個部位Hewasshotintheback.練Theywereshooting___atarget.(at)Amanwasshot____theleg,lyingontheground.(in)4.getoff下（車，船）Youmustn'tgetoffuntilthebushasstopped.5.morethan1)morethan+數詞“超出，多于”Judgingfromhisappearance,theexpertismorethan60.2)morethan重申作用，“十分，特別，幾乎，不只是”Thelittlegirlismorethanshyandnervous,butjustfrightened.Beingagoodlistenermeansmuchmorethanjustlisteningwithears.Thestoreismorethanhappytodelivergoodstoyourhome.3)morethan...can...more...than...can...+can/could從句表否認HowhemanagestolivesismorethanIcantell.4)morethanone+單數n不只一個（謂語動詞用單數形式）Morethanonepersonhasseenit.練ThebeautyoftheWestLakeis_________________________(我幾乎難以描繪).(morethanIcandescribe)___________________(不只一個學生)inourschoolwasadmittedtoBeijingUniversitythisyear.--Doyouneedanyhelp,Lucy?(Morethanonestudent)--Yes,thejobis__________Icoulddomyself.(morethan)6.spendspendtime/moneyonsthspendtime/money(in)doingsthMoremoneyshouldbespentonhealthcareandeducation.Ihatetospendtimeormoneyplayingcomputergames.spend人+spend+時/錢+(in)doingShespent$100buyinganewskirt.onsthpay人+pay+錢+forsthShepaid$100foranewskirt.cost物+cost+sb+錢Thenewskirtcosther$100.takeIttakessb+時+todosthIttookher3hourstorepairherbike.練Thegirloften_______moneyonbuyingbookswhichshelikesverymuch.LastSundayit_____Her10minutestogothebookstoretobuyherfavoritebook.Whenshewasgoingto____forthebook,thesalesmantoldheritonly_____halfofthepricebecauseofthebrokencover.(spends,took,pay,cost)Accordingtoasurvey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek______(watch)TV.(watching)7.abandonabandondoingsthabandononeselfto=beabandonedto沉迷于，放縱Wewereforcedtoabandondoingtheresearch.Don’tabandonyourselftopleasures.abandonedadj.被拋棄的，被遺棄的練Surprisingly,heabandoned______(study)Chineseliteratureatcollege.(-ing)They____________(放縱于)drinkingalthoughtheyaredivers,whichisdangerousbothtothemandthepassengers.(abandonthemselvesto=areabandonedto)8.supplyv.n.1)n.貯備，供應Thenation’sfuelsupplieswillnotlastforever.2)v.供應，供應Theywerearrestedforsupplyingdrugs.Thegovernmentdecidedtosupplythehomelesswithhouses.練Astheworld’spopulationcontinuestogrow,the_s____offoodbecomesmoreandmoreofaconcern.(supply)9.referto1)指的是Whichofthemcanrefertopastorpresentactions?2)提到，談到I’llrefertothisquestionatthemeeting.3)波及到，對于ThesebooksrefertoAsianproblems.4)參照，查閱Whenreading,thefirstthingtoavoidistorefertoadictionarytoooften.練Whathe________inhisarticlewasunknowntogeneralreaders.(referredto

波及)Thepresidentspokeatthemeetingfornearlyanhourwithout_____hisnotes.

（referringto

參照）10.trainn.V.V.教育，訓練，培訓trainsbtodosth訓練某人做某事Theyaretrainedregularlytoobservedisciplineatanytime.練Ihaven’thadanyrealtraining.二．語法1.（非謂語）過去分詞做定語(ved做定語)-ing主動，進行起形容詞（做定語）和副詞（做狀語）的作用-ed被動，達成1)及物動詞過去分詞做定語--被動、達成smokedfishmovedstudentsrespectedleader注:某些表人情緒的使令動詞的過去分詞常常已經稱為一個形容詞surprisedpeoplefrightenedchildrenexcitedstudentstired2)不及物動詞過去分詞做定語--（無被動）達成afallentreeanescapedprisonerreturnedstudents3)過去分詞可組成合成詞做定語hand-madegoodswidely-usedlanguagehighly-developedindustryhalf-finishedproducts4)過去分詞或其短語做定語，相當于定語從句importedmachines=machinesthathavebeenimporteddevelopedcountries=countriesthathavedevelopedThatissomethingunheardof(=thatwasunheardof)inhistory.練Amyisattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse_______toguardher.(B)D.havingappointedYoucannotacceptanopinion______toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.(D)2.一般過去時1）過去發生的動作或狀態。常見時間狀語：recently,summer,...ago,formanyyears等

yesterday,

during

the

day,

lastRecentlyIhadmyfirstrideonalong-distancetrain.另：過去一段時間頻頻常常發生的動作，可與頻次副詞

always,usually,often

等連用WhenIlivedinShanghai,Ioftentookawalkinthestr