如何選擇定語從句的?一、定語從句的有who，whom，whose，which，that，as；when，where，why。定語從句中的選用主要看在定語從句中作什么成分或者是定語從句中缺什么成分。1．定語從句中缺主語，修飾人時(shí)用who／that，修飾物時(shí)用which／that引導(dǎo)。如：Isthisthefactorywhich／thatmakesTVsets？Themanwho／thatvisitedourschoolisfromAustralia．2．從句中缺賓語，修飾人時(shí)用who／whom／that或省略引導(dǎo)詞；修飾物時(shí)用which／that或省略引導(dǎo)詞。如：Gonearethedayswhich／thatwespenttogetherinthevillage．Heisthemanwho／whom／thatIthinktobeworthyofourpraise．3．從句中缺時(shí)間狀語，用when或介詞＋which引導(dǎo)。如：Thedayfinallycamewhen／onwhichIwasgivenajob．We'llputofftheoutinguntilnextweek，whenwewon'tbesobusy．4．從句中缺地點(diǎn)狀語，用where或介詞＋which引導(dǎo)。如：Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere／onwhichhecaneasilyfindit．5．從句中缺原因狀語或是reason時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用why／forwhich／that。如：Thisisthereasonwhy／forwhich／thathedidn'tcometothemeeting．6．從句中缺定語，人和物都用whose引導(dǎo)。如：Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan．Pleasepassmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack．7．當(dāng)是way時(shí)，其定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞用inwhich／that。如：Thewayinwhich／thathelooksatproblemsiswrong．二、引導(dǎo)詞as可引導(dǎo)，也可引導(dǎo)。1．在thesame．．．a(chǎn)s，such．．．a(chǎn)s中，as引導(dǎo)。如：Heisnotashelooks．I'veboughtthesamedressassheiswearing．2．當(dāng)先行詞是整個(gè)主句時(shí)，可用as／which引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)詞as和which的區(qū)別在于：①as引導(dǎo)的可放于主句前、主句中、主句后，而which引導(dǎo)的非一般放于主句后或句中。②as常與從句中的know，see，hear，expect等動詞連用，也常用于asoftenhappens，asisoftenthecase（常有的事）等句子中；而which一般不用于以上情況。③as有“正如”的含義，which沒有此含義。如：Asiswellknown，Shanghaiisabigcity．Someoftheroadswereflooded，whichmadeourjourneymoredifficult．三、who，whom，whose，which和as能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，而that不能；非限制性定語從句中即使缺賓語，引導(dǎo)詞也不能省略；when，where能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，而why不能。如：AbrahamLincoln，wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheyears，wasshotonApril14，1865．四、先行詞是物時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)詞可用which也可用that，通常情況下二者可互換，但在有些情況下不能。1．用which不用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的三種情況：①非限制性定語從句用which，不用that引導(dǎo)。如：Football，whichisaveryinterestinggame，isplayedallovertheworld．②先行詞為that時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，定語從句用which不用that引導(dǎo)。如：Thatwhichyouborrowedfrommewasn'tarealdiamondnecklace．③介詞后用which不用that引導(dǎo)。如：Themethodwithwhichyousolvedtheproblemisverygood．2．用that不用which的七種情況：①先行詞前有形容詞最高級或修飾時(shí)，用that不用which引導(dǎo)。如：ThisisthebestplacethatIhaveevervisited．Thesecondquestionthatisaskediswhywedon'tfallofftheearth．②先行詞為little，much，all，none，few，（the）one，something，everything，nothing，anything等時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)。如：Thereisthatcanfrightenhim．③先行詞既有指人的名詞又有指物的名詞時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)。如：Hetoldusaboutthepeopleandthecitiesthathehadvisited．④先行詞前有any，all，no，few，every，some，little，much，（the）very，（the）only，（the）last等詞修飾時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)。如：ThisistheverycoatthatIneed．Isoxygentheonlygasthathelpsfireburn？⑤先行詞為which時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，用that引導(dǎo)。如：Whichisthebookthatyouboughtyesterday？⑥先行詞在從句中作表語時(shí)，常用that引導(dǎo)。如：Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobeinthe1930's．⑦當(dāng)主句是Therebe．．．句型時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)。Therearetwoticketsforthefilmthatareforyoutwo．五、在“oneof＋＋定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)與保持一致；當(dāng)one前有theonly修飾時(shí)，從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)與the保持一致。如：Hewasoneofthestudentswhowerelateforclass．Hewastheofthestudentswhowaslateforclass．六、引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞或短語