課文翻譯及課后練習答案-新編大學英語(第三版)第一冊-unit2UNIT2RememberingandForgettingIn-ClassReadingSpecialDelivery特種快遞到了機場，我才發現我兄弟搭乘的航班延誤了一個小時。通常我在機場等候接人時，會把時間消起落上。可那天晚上我頭疼得厲害。我想噴氣發動機發出的噪音會使我頭疼更厲害，于是決定在機場內逛一會兒。磨在觀看飛機當我走過那些店鋪時，碰巧看到陳列在那兒的航空箱包，這使我想起了自己的公文包。我這才意識到公文包沒在身上。我馬上努力回憶會把它遺忘在了哪里。自從離開航空公司票務柜臺后，我沒有在其他任何地方停留過，所以我推想，我一定是把包留在那里了。我急忙回去取，可是公文包已無影無蹤。起先我確信一定是有人順手把它拿走了，但隨后又想，也有可能看到包的人已把它交給了柜臺，于是便在票務柜臺排隊等候。輪到我時，我描述了包的特征，并詢問是否有人把它交到了柜臺。那位航空公司代理搖了搖頭。這時我朝他身后的行李輸送帶瞥了一包已被裝上了一架航班，但不知是哪一架。代理記下了我的電話號碼，并保證他們一找到包就給我打電話。盡管我住在蘇城，離機場有一個半小時的車程，他們還是會一找到包就把它送到我家來。我兄弟的航班到了。我們取了他的箱子后便走向停車場找我的車。回家的路上我把公文包的事告訴了他。到了家，我們把行李從車上卸下來。當我兄弟從車里拿出一只公文包時，我真不敢相信自己的眼睛。原以為已丟失的公文包其實根本就沒有被帶進機場！它一直躺在后座的地上。我意識到，此時此刻航空公司的人正在飛往丹佛、圣路易斯和芝加哥的航班上逐一檢查核對行李，尋找我的公文包。一想到要打電話告訴他們我已經在自己的車里找到了包，心里真叫痛苦。我們進屋時電話鈴正響著。接電話時，我驚呆了。電話里一位航空公司的工作人員說：“我們有好消息告訴你！我們在丹佛找到了你的公文包，十一點前應該到這里。午夜后不久便能送到你家。”After-classReading遺忘的益處我們在某個時候都曾希望擁有完美的記憶力，想要記住事情的每一個細節。我們會遺忘在學校和家里學到的很多東西，這太糟糕了。如果我們對過去的記憶既不準確又不完整，我們又怎么能夠做出符合實際的自我評價呢？然而，完美的記憶力并不總像人們想象的那么美好。有這樣一個關于俄羅斯記者S的故事。他只需看上幾秒鐘便能記住長串的數字、單詞和許多頁電話號碼簿上的內容。甚至在多年以后，他仍能將這些長串的信息倒背如流。他還記得他第一次記這些材料時的情景。S用各種各樣的記憶“竅門”幫助自己記憶。其中的許多竅門涉及在大腦中形成圖像。不過，你不必羨慕他，因為他有一個很嚴重的問題：不會遺忘。那些大腦中的圖像老是浮現在他眼前，使他分心，無法集中注意力。有時甚至連與人作簡單的交談都成問題，因為對方的話會讓他想起其他東西。事實上，人們把他描述成一個遲鈍的人。最終，S無法勝任自己的工作，只好以“記憶專家”的身份游走于各個地方，向人們展示他的才能，以此來謀生。擁有這種記憶問題的人的例子還有很多。他們來自很多不同國家，說各種不同的語言。或許你仍然認為擁有完美的記憶力是一件好事。那么，設想一下記住一切會是什么情形。每當你回憶過去時，你不但會記起你經歷中的精華，還會記得毫無價值的瑣事。記憶也許會花上你數小時，而不是片刻。你頭腦中也許會一片混亂，使你無法把信息組織好。有了完美的記憶力，你也許會記住那些最好能忘記的東西。難道你真想記住每次憤怒的爭吵，每個你所犯的錯誤，以及生命中每個痛苦的瞬間嗎？“記住一切”會對你和家人、朋友的關系產生什么影響？成功地建立一種親密關系是否有可能取決于一定程度的遺忘呢？或許只有把那些不愉快的記憶鎖進記憶的角落里不再去想它們，才有可能自信和樂觀呢？如果你記住這些，你就能理解為什么完美的記憶力不是我們該擁有的最佳記憶力。就像牢記一樣，某種程度的遺忘有常生活。那么，有益的遺忘和有害的遺忘之間的界線在哪里呢？如果你可以選擇，你會選擇清楚地記住哪些東西，又讓哪些東西從你的記憶中助于我們的正消失呢？這是需要思考的問題。課內閱讀練習答案PartOnePreparation1ExpressionsRelatedtoMemorySTEPONEIfaword,expression,etc.isonthetipofyourtongue,youusuallyknowitbuthavedifficultyrememberingitatthatmoment.（就在嘴邊的，差一點就能想起的）Whenyousaysomeone’sheadislikeasieveorsomeonehasamemorylikeasieve,youmeanthattheyforgetthingsveryeasily.（記性壞，健忘）Ifyourmindgoesblankorhasgoneblank,youaresuddenlynotabletorememberafactorpieceofinformationatatimewhenyouneedit.（腦子一片空白）Ifapieceofinformationgoesinoneearandouttheother,itisheardbuteitherignoredorquicklyforgotten.（一只耳朵進一只耳朵出，當作耳邊風）STEPTWO1B2D3A4C2DoYouHaveaGoodMemory?STEPTWOSampleIgot16inthisquiz.Accordingtotheresults,Ihaveagoodmemory.IcansayI’mextremelygoodatrememberingfactsandfiguresforexams,birthdays,telephonenumbers,etc.,butIhaveapoormemoryforrememberingthingslikewhatIhadfordinner,whatIwaswearing,etc.Ithinkapersoncanrememberwhattheyneedandwanttoremember.Inotherwords,one’spurposeandmotivationmakeitpossibleforthemtorecallfacts.Theymayfinditdifficulttorememberfactsaboutthegeographyofacountrythatdoesn’tinterestthem,butcaneasilyrememberthingsaboutthecountrythey’regoingtovisit.Why?Becausetheyaremotivatedandthishelpsthemtoconcentrate.Increasedconcentration,inturn,makestheinformationeasiertoremember.Tosumup,one’spurposedictateswhattolookforandremember,andthereforedirectstheirattentiontowhattheywanttoknow.STEPTHREESampleYes,Ioncehadaveryembarrassingexperience.Oneday,whenIwaswalkingonthestreet,IsawayoungladynoddingandsmilingatmeandIbegantowonderwhoshewas.Whensheapproached,sheaskedmeaboutmycollegelifeinthepasttwoweeks.ThoughIdidn’tknowwhomIwastalkingto,Itoldhereverything,includingthefactthatIcouldseldomseemyadvisorandhadnoonetoturntoforhelp.Anoddsmilecrossedherfaceandshelookedalittlebitembarrassed.Thenshegavemeaphonenumberalongwithhername.ItwasthenthatIrealizedshewasactuallymyadvisor.Well,Ithinkallofusmayfeelembarrassedwhenweforgetsomeimportantthingssuchasafriend’sbirthdayoranappointment.Ihadsuchanexperienceaboutayearago.Oneofmyfriends,Grace,invitedmetoherhomethefollowingSaturday,andIpromisedIwouldbethereontime.WhenIarrived,IsawsomeofourclassmateswerethereandeachofthemhadbroughtapresentforGrace.Itturnedoutthatthatdaywasherbirthday.Ifeltveryembarrassed,butIthoughtIhadtodosomethingtocoverupmyembarrassment.So,Iwentuptoherandsaid,“Gosh,Grace,youneverseemtoage,soIneverrememberyourbirthday.”3HowtoRememberClearly?STEPONEInSpeechBubble1,themanisformingamentalpictureofthethingsheIwantstobuy.nSpeechBubble2,themanisrepeatingthethingshewantstobuy.InSpeechBubble3,themanistryingtorememberhisshoppinglistbyinventingastory.InSpeechBubble4,themanisformingmeaningfulconnectionsbetweenthethingshewantstobuyandthelettersintheword“CANDY”.STEPTWOSampleWhenI’mtryingtomemorizefactsforexams,Ialwaysrepeatthemanumberoftimes.ThemoreIdothis,theeasieritistoremember.Evenso,Ithink,repetition,byitself,isnotenough.Sometimes,IwilltryothermeanstomemorizewhatIamtryingtoremember.Iwillaskquestions,thinkaboutthetopicinrelationtomyownexperience,ordiscussissueswithmyclassmates.SometimesIusethemethodofformingmeaningfulconnectionstorememberEnglishwords.Forexample,whentryingtorememberwhetherIshouldusetheword“principle”or“principal”,ItellmyselfthataprincipleisaruleandaprincipalismypalandthenIcanusetheappropriateword.Besides,Ikeepadiarytorecordmymemories.WhenIgotonewplaces,Ibuysouvenirsortakephotographstoremindmeoftheplacesandpeoplethere.Sometimessongshelpmerememberthings,too.Forexample,“YesterdayOnceMore”wasmyfavoritesonginhighschool.Nowthesongalwaysbringsbackpleasantmemoriesofmyhighschoollife.Apartfromthemethodsmentionedinthepicture,Iwillusethemethodof“chunking”tomemorizenumbers.Ifindit’sagoodwaybecausechunkinginvolvesgroupingmaterialstogetherratherthanlearningeachitemseparately.Forexample,whenmyfriendtoldmehistelephonenumberis05718820××××,Igroupedthe12numbersintothreechunks,“0571”,“8820”,“××××”,itwasfareasiertoremember.PartTwoReading-CenteredActivitiesIn-ClassReadingPost-ReadingReadingComprehension1brotherworselatelandcountertakeoffon5noise16273849briefcase10loading15airportmidnigh20t11get12have17never3F13claimform14delivered/sentrealizeunloade16d18d19flights21F2F4F5T6F7T8F3SampleIwouldsay:“ImustapologizefortheterriblemistakeImadewithmybriefcase.WhenmybrotherandIgothome,tomygreatestsurprise,wefoundmybriefcasewaslyingonthefloorinthebackseatofmycar.SothebriefcaseyoufoundinDenvermustbesomeoneelse’s.I’mterriblysorrytohaveputyoutosomuchtrouble.Thankyouverymuchforwhatyou’vedoneforme.”1TheairlineworkerswouldhavetofindtherealownerofthebriefcasetheyfoundinDenver.Theyalsohadtoapologizetotheownerforthelatearrivalofthebriefcasethemistakehadcaused.2Vocabulary11BAajourneyinaplaneBanairplanethattakespeopleonaparticularjourney2AAwaitforsb.;greetsb.Bseesb.accidentally3AAleavethegroundandstartflyingBbecomesuccessfulorpopular4BAendorbringsth.toanendBdecidethatsth.istrueafterconsideringalltheinformationyouhave5AAanypersonwhoBnomatterwho6BAanopinionorideaBwhatareyouabletosay7BAexaminesth.tomakesurethatitissafe,correct,ingoodcondition,etc.Bleavebaggage,etc.readyforshipment8AAsayorshowsth.inanindirectwayBproposeaplanorideaforsb.todiscussorconsider9AAanareaoflandusedforaparticularpurposeBalargeamountornumber10BAcausingphysicalpainBupsettingorunpleasant231off2in3down8on4for5of6in7off9out/in10from1concluded2vanish3delivery8agent4exclaimed9claimsdisplay5openin6whoever7promise10g41meetherflight2wasdelayedforanhour4hurriedback3watchplaneslandandtakeoff5couldn’tbelievemyeyes6remindedmeof8vanishedfromsightheadformycarintheparking10lot7byanychance9calmdownabitglancedovertheshoulderofaman11nearby12happenedto13shortlyaftermidnight15deliverittoheraddress14unloadedthecarTranslationThatsongalwaysremindedherofthenightshespentinChicago.Therehappenedtobeapolicemanonthecorner,soIaskedhimtheway.AllflightstoNewYorktodayare/weredelayedbecauseofthebadweather.Whoeverisresponsiblewillhavetopayforthedamage.12345WhenIgothomeIfoundmybriefcasemissing.Imusthaveleftitsomewhereinthehotel.Bythetimehehadworked30yearsinthemiddleschool,thenumberofstudentshadincreasedtoover2,000.63FillingOutaClaimFormReportaLostItemPleasefilloutthefollowingform,alongwithadescriptionoftheitem.ForTravelers,Commuters,andLocalTransportationFSorlocalandcountrywidetravel,fillinrelevantfields.kiptocontactsectionandcontinueifthisareadoesnotapply.DepartureCityLayover(ifapplicable)ArrivalCityHangzhouBeijingContactInformationameNLiWeiContactphonenumber0571-8572XXXXontactCe-mailaddressiwei@ContactaddressDepartmentofInformationScienceandElectronicEngineering,ZhejiangUniversity,310027LostItemInformationItemNameTravelingbagColorDarkblueSizeMedium-sizedBrandLiNingCompletedescriptionandcontentsoflostitemItisadarkblue,medium-sizedwheelednylontravelingbagwithwhiteleathertrim.TherearethreeT-shirts(navyblue,whiteandred),twopairsofbluejeans,somewhitesocks,abookaboutcomputerprogramming,somecashandacoupleofthingsfordailyuse.LocationInformationLocationwheretheitemwaslastseenItwaslastseenwhenIwasabouttocheckinatthecheck-incounter.DatewhentheitemwaslastseenJuly6.PartThreeFurtherDevelopment1我正準備去沖杯咖啡，突然聽到很響的敲門聲。2她上午打掃的房子，下午就被孩子們弄得一團糟。345他開始是個小職員，后來開了自己的工廠并發了財。我的朋友們都說，如果我當初選擇了教師這一職業，我會成為一名優秀的教師。雖然委員會的一些成員并不贊成，但這對他的計劃沒有什么影響。3WritingSampl