情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞高考對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考查側(cè)重于：1．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法；2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone的用法。常見(jiàn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：must,can(could),may(might),oughtto,need,dare,shall(should),will(would),have(had)to,usedto,hadbetter,wouldrather。注意：need，dare也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。問(wèn)題一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法上有何共同特征？把下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň洌蓡?wèn)句(每空一詞)Idaresayheisinnocent.否定句：Iheisinnocent.疑問(wèn)句：___heisinnocent?Youneedgiveafurtherexplanationofyourdesign.否定句：Youafurtherexplanationofyourdesign.疑問(wèn)句：afurtherexplanationofyourdesign?結(jié)論：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法的共同特征：TOC\o"1-5"\h\z肯定句中放在之前：主語(yǔ)＋情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)和的變化。大部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有和兩種形式。否定式構(gòu)成是。疑問(wèn)句將直接提到前。問(wèn)題二、can/could有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could的用法Takecarewhilefishing!Youknownotallthechildrencanswim.Ithinktheworkcanbecompletedaheadoftime.Youcan'ttakethebookoutoftheroom.Itcanbequitewindythere,especiallyinSpring.Itcan'tbeourheadmaster.Hehasgoneabroad.Iheardyoucouldspeakseverallanguages.CouldIuseyourbikethisafternoonwhenyoudon'tuseit?ItcouldbeverycoldinwinterinsomesoutherncitiesofChina.結(jié)論：can的主要用法有：TOC\o"1-5"\h\z表能力，翻譯為“”。表可能性，翻譯為“”。表許可，翻譯為“”，用于否定句，表示不允許，翻譯為“”。表示偶然發(fā)生的可能性，翻譯為“”。用于否定句，表推測(cè)，翻譯為“”。could的主要用法有：can的過(guò)去式could表。could表，禮貌語(yǔ)氣，不是真正的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。could表示，但可能性不如“can”大。

問(wèn)題三、shall/should有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shall/should的用法Ishallgoonaholidaywithmyparentsnextautumn.(2)Heshallbepunishedifhedisobeys.(2)Sheshallgethershare.(2)Heshallbepunishedifhedisobeys.(2)Sheshallgethershare.(2)Whatshallhedonext?(1)Youshallhavemyanswertomorrow.(1)ShallIgetyousomecoffee,MissFleure?ShouldIopenthewindow?Youshouldn'tbesittinginthesun.It's4：30.TheyshouldbeinNewYorkbynow.Ifheshoulddropin,givehimmymessage.I'msorrythatyoushouldthinksobadlyofme.HesaidIshouldcallhimDoctorSmithinsteadofMr.Smith.shall的主要用法有：TOC\o"1-5"\h\z1?用于第人稱(chēng)代替will，表；2．用于第人稱(chēng)，表；3．用于第人稱(chēng)，表；4．用于第人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句，表。should的主要用法有：用于第人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句，表征；表，可用于各種句式，通常指將來(lái)；表，暗含很大的可能；在從句中，表語(yǔ)氣；should也可表惋惜、憂(yōu)慮、歡樂(lè)、驚訝等感情色彩在間接引語(yǔ)中，表達(dá)的過(guò)去式。問(wèn)題四、will/would有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will/would的用法Wewillfightonuntilfinalvictoryiswon.Willyouhelpmewithmywork?Everymorninghewillhaveawalkalongthisriver.Ifyouwillreadthisarticle，youwillrealizeyouarewrong.Itoldhimnottogo,buthewouldnotlistentome.Wouldyoupleasetakeaseat?OnSundayshewouldcometoourvillageandworkwithus.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.結(jié)論：will的主要用法有：1．表示、；2．在疑問(wèn)句中用于第人稱(chēng)，表示的意思；3．表示習(xí)慣、經(jīng)常性、傾向性，有“慣于、總是”等意義；4.在if,when,until等連詞引導(dǎo)的表示時(shí)間或條件的從句中要用一般時(shí)表將來(lái)，但在if從句中有時(shí)為了表示意愿也可用will，有“愿意”的意思。would的主要用法有：的過(guò)去式，表示對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間的意志、意愿、決心；表示請(qǐng)求或個(gè)人的想法、看法，使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)；表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，著重動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，有“總是、總會(huì)”等意思；4.表示。問(wèn)題五、may/might有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may/might的用法(1)Youmaygohomenow.—MayIborrowyourtowel?—Yes，youmay./No,youcan't(mustn't).Shemaycometoyourbirthdaypartytomorrow.Hestudieshardinorderthathemaypasstheexam.Mayyousucceed.Hesoldhishouseinorderthathemightpayhisdebt.—MightIgonow?—Yes，youmay./No，youcan't(mustn't)．Thisapproachmightworkandpleasetryit.may的主要用法如下：TOC\o"1-5"\h\zmay在肯定句中表達(dá)，在疑問(wèn)句中用于。may在肯定句中表達(dá)，即“或許；也許”maynot表達(dá)“也許不”may在目的狀語(yǔ)從句中表達(dá)。may在Maysb.dosth.句式中表達(dá)。might的主要用法如下：may的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去時(shí)間下的目的。may的過(guò)去式，但并非是實(shí)際過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，在疑問(wèn)句中表達(dá)更加的請(qǐng)求語(yǔ)氣。may的過(guò)去式，但并非實(shí)際過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，表示相對(duì)要小。問(wèn)題六、need/dare有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞need/dare的用法(1)Ineedadictionary,soIneedtogotothebookstore.Howoftendoesyourhairneedwashing?Youdon'tneedtowashyourcareveryday.(1)It'sonlyeighto'clock.Needyougosoearly?(2)Youneedn'ttellhimaboutitasIhavetoldhim.(1)Idaretojumpdownfromthetopofthewall.(2)Shedoesn'tdare(to)meetherteacher'seyes.(1)Howdareshedothingslikethattome?Mostgirlsdaren'tcatchthemouse.Ifyoudaresaythattoourteacher,Iwouldvoteforyou.結(jié)論：need既可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，也可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其主要用法如下：1．可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意為“；”，后面可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式等作賓語(yǔ)。其否定式和疑問(wèn)式借助助動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行變化。2.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，通常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，后接動(dòng)詞原形。這時(shí)need沒(méi)有和的變化，也沒(méi)有的變化。dare既可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，也可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其主要用法如下：用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)其后接動(dòng)詞不定式，但在否定句中to可以省略，且dare有和以及的變化。dare用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主要用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件句中，后跟，沒(méi)有和的變化，但可以有形式。問(wèn)題七、usedto/oughtto有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞usedto/oughtto的用法IusedtowritepoetrywhenIwasyoung.(1)Heusedn'ttocomehere.(2)Hedidn'tusetocomehere.(3)Usedhetocomehere?(4)Didheusetocomehere?Weoughttoleaveatonce.Thatoughttobeenoughfoodforallofus.(1)Heoughtnottogonow,oughthe?(2)Oughtwetohaveourclotheswashedbyourparents?結(jié)論：1.usedto的意思是“過(guò)去經(jīng)常，而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)終止的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)”其中的to是不定式符號(hào)不是介詞，所以其后接usedto作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可直接在used后加構(gòu)成否定式，直接將used置于句首構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式，但與一般的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不同的，它也可像普通動(dòng)詞那樣借助助動(dòng)詞did構(gòu)成否定式和疑問(wèn)式，此時(shí)used改為use。oughtto表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任。意為“應(yīng)該”oughtto表示推斷。意為“應(yīng)該”、“可能”。在否定句中用oughtnot或oughtn't，在疑問(wèn)句中將ought提到主語(yǔ)之前。問(wèn)題八、hadbetter/wouldrather有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞hadbetter/wouldrather的用法(1)You'dbetterworkoutaplanforyourfuturecareer.HehadbetterflytoBeijing,whichsavesquitealotoftime.We'dbetternotblameeachotherbeforethetruthcomesout.Hadn'twebetterhaveadiscussionaboutthecomingschoolsportsmeet?(1)LiuHulanwouldratherdiethangivein.Iwouldspendmoretimeonmyworkratherthanturntoothersforhelp.Ratherthanrefusetohelpyou,Iwouldborrowmoneyfrommyfriends.I'dratheryoupaidmeincash.I'dratherwehadn'tseeneachotherbefore.Iwouldrathernothavesuchacar,whichalwaysbreaksdownhalfway.結(jié)論：hadbetter的主要用法如下：意思為“最好”，表達(dá)建議，后接；had為固定用詞，不可改為或；其否定式為，不可為hadnotbetter；其疑問(wèn)形式常為否定式，即Hadn'tsb./sth.betterdo?wouldrather的主要用法如下：常見(jiàn)句式為sb.wouldratherdothando…，意思是“寧愿做什么而不愿做什么”注意than后面的內(nèi)容為否定項(xiàng)；句式為sb.wouldratherdothando…可改寫(xiě)為sb.woulddo^ratherthando…上述句式中ratherthando可提前至句首：Ratherthando…，sb.woulddo…wouldrather可以接賓語(yǔ)從句，表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)以及過(guò)去相反的愿望。表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望相反時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞一律用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表達(dá)與過(guò)去相反的愿望時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；5．wouldrather的否定式為問(wèn)題九、must/haveto有哪些用法？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must/haveto的用法(1)Youmustdoasyouaretold.(2)—Mustwehandinourdutyreportbeforeschoolisover?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't./No，youdon'thaveto.(3)Youmustn'ttalklikethat.(1)Theymustbeintheroom,forthelightison.(2)Hemustbelisteningtomusicnow.Hecan'thearus.(3)Thiskindofbookmusthavebeensoldoutlastmonth.Allmenmustdie.Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaittilltherainstops.Themachinemustbreakdownatthisbusyhour.Therearetoomanyobjectionsandthelocalgovernmenthastocancelthenewplan.Therebeingnobus,Ihadtotakeataxihome.Theydon'thavetobuyanothercomputeratpresent.must的主要用法有：在肯定句，疑問(wèn)句中表示必須、命令或強(qiáng)制，意為“必須，得”。在否定句中表，意為“不得，決不可”；2．表示肯定的推測(cè)，意為“一定”。推測(cè)句式有三種，分別是對(duì)現(xiàn)在所處的狀態(tài)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作以及過(guò)去所處的狀態(tài)或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的推測(cè)，說(shuō)話者語(yǔ)氣十分肯定。must+be???(現(xiàn)在)一定是或處于某種狀態(tài)；mustbedoing(現(xiàn)在)一定正在做某事；musthavedonesth.過(guò)去一定做了某事；表示不可避免性。意為“必然要，必定會(huì)”；表示主張，意為“一定要，堅(jiān)持要”；表示出乎意料或與愿望相反，意為“偏要”。haveto的主要用法有：1．側(cè)重(客觀/主觀)的必須，可譯為“不得不”；2．haveto有時(shí)態(tài)變化。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為；過(guò)去時(shí)為，將來(lái)時(shí)為;3．haveto的否定形式是，相當(dāng)于needn't。問(wèn)題十、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋havedone的含義？翻譯下列句子，體會(huì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋havedone的用法(1)Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.Mr.Smithcan'thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?(1)MyfathercouldhavegonetocollegebutatthattimetheCultureRevolutionbrokeout.(2)Theaccidentcouldn'thaveoccurredifyouhadn'tdrunk.(1)—WhathashappenedtoGeorge?—Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.Whenhearrived，thepostofficemighthavebeenclosed，butI'mnotsure.Youmayaswellgotothebookingoffice.Theticketsmaynothavebeensoldout.(1)Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy'sstory,butyoudidn'taskme.(2)Iwouldn'thaveattendedthepartybutTomrepeatedlyaskedmeto.(1)Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.(2)Thisisbetweenyouandme.Yououghtnothavetoldthewholeworld.(3)HesaidIwasgreedy.Heshouldhavesaidthat!(1)Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,hewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.(2)Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.結(jié)論：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋havedone均與過(guò)去時(shí)間有關(guān)，是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況的推測(cè)，猜測(cè)，評(píng)價(jià)或指責(zé)，不指向?qū)?lái)和現(xiàn)在。具體用法如下：1．must＋have＋done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，譯成“一定做過(guò)某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句；在否定和疑問(wèn)句中must改為can't或couldn't,譯成“不可能做過(guò)某事”或“可能做過(guò)嗎？”could＋have＋done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來(lái)有能力做或本來(lái)具備條件做某事而沒(méi)有做。否定句表示本來(lái)不可以做某事，而實(shí)際做了。may/might+have+done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)，意思是“也許已經(jīng)做了某事”。might與may意思相同，但可能性更小。否定句表示“也許還沒(méi)做”。would+have+done表示“本來(lái)會(huì)/想做”，事實(shí)上沒(méi)做。否定句表示本來(lái)不想/會(huì)做某事，而實(shí)際做了。should/oughtto+have+done意思是“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒(méi)做。”否定句表示本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對(duì)方或自責(zé)的含意。另外，還有“竟然做了”的意思。need+have+done表示本來(lái)需要做某事而沒(méi)有做。“needn't+have+done”則表示“本來(lái)不需要做某事而做了”。二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣高考對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查重點(diǎn)在于：1．與事實(shí)相反的三種情況；2．虛擬語(yǔ)氣在從句中的應(yīng)用；3．含蓄條件句構(gòu)成的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。問(wèn)題一、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有哪些情況？翻譯下列句子，指出虛擬語(yǔ)氣主、從句對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間IfsheknewEnglish,shewouldnotaskmeforhelp.Ifyoushouldgotothemoontomorrow,whatwouldyoutakewithyou?IfIhadbeenmorecareful,Iwouldhavetakenthefirstplaceinthemathscontest.Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.Hadheknownheraddress,hewouldhavegonetovisither.類(lèi)別用法例句if引導(dǎo)的條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If+were/did,would/could/should/might+doIfhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If+haddone,would/could/should/might+havedoneIfIhadbeenfreeyesterday,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.

與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反(3)與將來(lái)的事實(shí)相反基本形式：rshoulddoif+did■wurutodo(可能性極小)，意思類(lèi)似漢語(yǔ)中的“萬(wàn)一”。Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.注意：有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作和主句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致(表示錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬語(yǔ)氣)，這時(shí)動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。如：Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,youwouldbeallrightnow.如果你當(dāng)初聽(tīng)了醫(yī)生的話，身體現(xiàn)在就好了。(從句動(dòng)作指過(guò)去，主句動(dòng)作指現(xiàn)在)1．主從句時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，主從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的表達(dá)形式采用組裝法，即從句對(duì)應(yīng)什么時(shí)間就用相對(duì)應(yīng)的表達(dá)式，同樣主句對(duì)應(yīng)什么時(shí)間也用相對(duì)應(yīng)的表達(dá)式。2.在虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果含有had,should或were時(shí)，可將if省略，將這些詞提前。問(wèn)題二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有哪些情況？用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子，并簡(jiǎn)述理由(1)Theteachersuggestedthatwe(make)gooduseofeveryminutehere.(2)Hissilencesuggestedhe(notagree)toournewplan.(1)IwishI(see)herlastnight.Thelittlegirlwishesshe(have)apairofwings.IwishI(go)toMarstoexplorespace.(1)I'dratheryou(see)thefilmyesterday.I'dratheryou(be)herenow.We'dratheryou(go)heretomorrow.結(jié)論：賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣主要有三種情況：1．表示建議，命令，請(qǐng)求，要求，意圖含義的動(dòng)詞suggest,advise，insist,order，command,require，request，demand,ask,prefer等引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，句式結(jié)構(gòu)為主語(yǔ)Should+動(dòng)詞原形，其中should可以省略。但要should表“暗示，表明”，insist表示“堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說(shuō)”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用實(shí)際陳述語(yǔ)氣。2.wish之后的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示一種沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)或根本不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。其主要形式有三種：對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬wish+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be用were)IwishIrememberedhisaddress.（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬wish+主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞IwishIhadlearnedtoplaychess.（與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反）對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬wish+主語(yǔ)+would+動(dòng)詞原形Iwishhewouldtryagain.(對(duì)將來(lái)沒(méi)有把握實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望)3.wouldrather引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句為過(guò)去時(shí)間，動(dòng)詞用haddone;從句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式(be用were)；從句是將來(lái)時(shí)間，動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式。問(wèn)題三、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有哪些情況？根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列句子ItisnecessarythatI(return)itrightnow.我有必要馬上把它還回去。It'sstrangethathe(be)sorude.他竟如此無(wú)禮，真是奇怪。Itwasorderedthattheroom(clean)．按要求這間房要打掃。結(jié)論：主語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句式主要有三種：在Itisimportant/necessarythat…等主語(yǔ)從句中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形。should此時(shí)表達(dá)“應(yīng)該”的意思。在Itisamazing(strange,surprising,astonishing,apity,ashame)that從句中有時(shí)也用should,此時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的驚異、懊悔、失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意。若不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣則不帶感情色彩，比較：It'sapitythathefailedtheexam.他考試沒(méi)及格，真是遺憾。It'sapitythatheshouldhavefailedtheexam.他考試竟沒(méi)及格，真是遺憾。Itis(was)ordered(suggested,required,requested)that從句中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形。should此時(shí)表達(dá)“應(yīng)該”的意思。問(wèn)題四、表語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有哪些情況？翻譯下列句子，找出表語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式Hissuggestionisthatweshoulddoourworkmorecarefully.Itlooksasiftheoldmanwerethekingofthezoo.結(jié)論：使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的表語(yǔ)從句句式主要有：The+名詞+is/wasthat表語(yǔ)從句。這些名詞是表示請(qǐng)求、要求、命令、建議等意義的名詞如：advice,desire,decision,idea,instruction,order,plan,proposal,recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish等。表語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形。Itlooksasif表語(yǔ)從句。如表達(dá)的與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去式，與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。不過(guò)，要注意如果表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是真實(shí)可信的，則用直陳語(yǔ)氣，使用實(shí)際時(shí)態(tài)。如：Itisgettingdark.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.天變暗了，看來(lái)要下雨了(跡象表明要下雨，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)判斷此種情況下通常會(huì)下雨)。問(wèn)題五、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有哪些情況？Hissuggestionthatweshouldtakemeasurestoarouseourawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionisacceptedbyusall.結(jié)論：在“名詞+that…”同位語(yǔ)從句中，如果名詞為表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞如：advice建議，demand要求，desire愿望，decision決定，idea意見(jiàn)，motion提議，order命令，proposal提議，requirement要求，request請(qǐng)求，regulation規(guī)章，suggestion建議等名詞時(shí)，其同位語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。問(wèn)題六、定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣有哪些情況？Itisabout/hightimethatwehad/shouldhaveathoroughcleaning.結(jié)論：定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣比較少見(jiàn)，在“是做某事的時(shí)候了”句式中從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用shoulddo或過(guò)去式。問(wèn)題七、含蓄虛擬條件句有哪些情況？翻譯下列句子，并將含蓄條件句改為if條件句Tohavestudiedharder,youwouldhavepassedtheexamination.(1)Givenmoretime,Iwouldhavedoneitbetter.(2)Failingthistime,whatwouldyoudo?(1)Butforyourhelpwecouldn'thavesucceededintheexperiment.(2)Iwouldbestillworkingontheproblemwithoutyourhelp.(1)Anotherword,andIwouldbeatyouflat.(2)Afewhoursearlier,andyouwouldhaveseenthefamouswriter.(1)Ididn'tknowthathewasacheat,orelseIwouldn'thavebelievedhim.(2)I'mreallyverybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygotherewithyou.Anyonewhohadseenthatpaintingmighthavetakenitforaphoto.(1)Iwouldwritetoher,butIdon'tknowheraddress.(2)Iwouldhaveattendedherweddingceremony,butIwassooccupied.Don'tbothertoreadallthesepapers.Itwouldtaketoolong.結(jié)論：所謂含蓄虛擬條件句即沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)明顯的假設(shè)條件，而是把條件從句隱藏在上下文中的一類(lèi)條件句，其主要用法及表現(xiàn)形式可歸納如下：將條件隱含在不定式短語(yǔ)中；將條件隱含在現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)中；將條件隱含在介詞短語(yǔ)中，常見(jiàn)介詞有butfor和without；將條件隱含在名詞短語(yǔ)中；將條件隱含在某些連詞中，常見(jiàn)連詞有otherwise和orelse；將條件隱含在定語(yǔ)從句中；將條件隱含在but引導(dǎo)的并列句中；將條件隱含在其他形式的上下文中。真題再現(xiàn)用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Ifhe(follow)myadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.2．Ishouldnot(watch)thatmovie—it'llgivemehorribledreams.3．Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe(tell)meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.4．Justbepatient.Youcannot(expect)theworldtochangesosoon.5．Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhe(focus)moreonitsculture.6．Mr.Johnsoninsistedthattheproblemworthyofattention(discuss)atthemeeting.7．HadIknownaboutthiscompute